CN211585920U - Large-scale pressure swing adsorption step air separation device - Google Patents
Large-scale pressure swing adsorption step air separation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN211585920U CN211585920U CN201921161127.6U CN201921161127U CN211585920U CN 211585920 U CN211585920 U CN 211585920U CN 201921161127 U CN201921161127 U CN 201921161127U CN 211585920 U CN211585920 U CN 211585920U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a large-scale pressure swing adsorption step air separation device. The outlet of the air pressurizing fan is connected with the inlet of the radial zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower set through a dehydration and carbon dioxide removal adsorption tower, the inlet and the outlet of the tower set are provided with program control valves, and the inlet of the radial zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower set is connected with a decompression pump; the outlet of the radial zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower set is connected with the inlet of the carbon molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower set through a program control valve, and the outlet of the tower set is connected with a pressure reduction pump; the pressure swing adsorption tower group realizes adsorption separation of part of the adsorption towers and desorption regeneration recycling of part of the adsorption towers through the program control valve.
Description
1. Field of the invention
The invention provides a large-scale pressure swing adsorption cascade air separation device, and belongs to the technical field of air separation.
2. Background of the invention
Modern coal chemical industry, metallurgical industry, petroleum refining, sulfuric acid industry and other production needs to consume a large amount of oxygen, and the demand for nitrogen is small. Among the existing oxygen production methods, the air separation method is the most economical industrial oxygen production method. At present, in the field of air separation, a low-temperature rectification method (cryogenic separation) is a traditional oxygen production method, and a pressure swing adsorption method and a membrane separation method are emerging oxygen production methods. The low-temperature rectification method has mature technology, is suitable for large-scale production of high-pressure oxygen and high-pressure nitrogen, can obtain high-purity oxygen and high-purity nitrogen, and has high recovery rate, but the yield ratio of the oxygen to the nitrogen is too small, and is only 21: 78 (volume ratio), it is difficult to meet the industrial process requirements of high oxygen consumption and low nitrogen consumption. The pressure swing adsorption method has mature technology, is suitable for producing oxygen on a medium and small scale, can obtain low-pressure oxygen with medium purity, and discharges nitrogen at low pressure, but because inert gases such as argon, helium, neon and the like cannot be separated, the oxygen purity is further improved, and the recovery rate needs to be improved. The membrane separation technology is being developed, is suitable for small and ultra-small scale production of oxygen, can obtain low-concentration oxygen, has higher investment and has no separation membrane for large-scale industrial application.
However, for the production processes of coal oxygen-enriched combustion, acetylene preparation by a semicoke oxygen-heating method, smelting by a metal oxygen-heating reduction method, heavy oil pyrolysis gasification coupling, sulfuric acid industry and the like, a large amount of low-pressure oxygen needs to be consumed, the demand for nitrogen is small, the cryogenic separation investment and energy consumption are overlarge, the oxygen pressure potential energy is lost, and the development of a large-scale pressure swing adsorption method air separation process and equipment is urgently needed, so that the demand of modern industry on low-pressure high-purity oxygen is met.
3. Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defects of the existing air pressure swing adsorption separation technology, the invention aims to develop a large-scale pressure swing adsorption cascade air separation device which can greatly improve the scale of air pressure swing adsorption separation and the purity of oxygen, and reduce the energy consumption for preparing high-purity oxygen, the investment for preparing large-scale oxygen and the consumption of metal materials.
The device adopted by the invention greatly improves the scale of air pressure swing adsorption separation and reduces the energy consumption of high-purity oxygen separation by utilizing the radial pressure swing adsorption tower, and greatly reduces the content of inert gases such as argon, helium, neon and the like in oxygen by adopting the combined measures of selectively adsorbing nitrogen by the zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower set and selectively adsorbing oxygen by the carbon molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower set, thereby improving the purity and recovery rate of the oxygen, and simultaneously obtaining high-purity nitrogen, thereby realizing the step pressure swing adsorption separation of air with large scale, low pressure, high purity and low energy consumption.
The large-scale pressure swing adsorption cascade air separation device is characterized in that: the outlet of the air pressurizing fan is connected with the inlet of the radial zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower set through a dehydration and carbon dioxide removal adsorption tower, the inlet and the outlet of the tower set are provided with program control valves, and the inlet of the radial zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower set is connected with a decompression pump; the outlet of the radial zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower set is connected with the inlet of the carbon molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower set through a program control valve, and the outlet of the tower set is connected with a pressure reduction pump; the pressure swing adsorption tower group realizes adsorption separation of part of the adsorption towers and desorption regeneration recycling of part of the adsorption towers through the program control valve.
In the invention, the zeolite molecular sieve filled in the radial zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower group is one of a 5A molecular sieve, a lithium X type molecular sieve, a lithium A type molecular sieve, a 13X type molecular sieve and an alkaline earth metal modified molecular sieve thereof.
In the present invention, the pressure swing adsorption separation device is a vacuum pressure swing adsorption or low pressure swing adsorption operation.
In the invention, the carbon molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower is a radial pressure swing adsorption tower or an axial pressure swing adsorption tower.
In the invention, the radial pressure swing adsorption tower is sequentially arranged according to concentric circles from outside to inside by a tower wall, an isolation cylinder and a central pipe, and the top of the isolation cylinder and the top of the central pipe form an adsorption section with a closed upper part through an adsorbent pressing plate; the tower wall and the isolation cylinder form an air chamber with the upper part sealed, the isolation cylinder and the isolation cylinder form an auxiliary adsorption chamber, the isolation cylinder and the central pipe form an adsorption chamber, and the bottom in the central pipe is provided with a dead zone prevention guide cone; the side surface of the bottom of the tower wall is connected with a tangential air inlet, and an adsorbed tail gas outlet is connected with a central pipe and arranged at the top of the tower; the tower wall, the central pipe and the isolation cylinder are hermetically connected with the bottom plate; the bottom of the auxiliary adsorption chamber and the bottom of the adsorption chamber are respectively provided with an auxiliary adsorbent discharge opening and an adsorbent discharge opening.
In the invention, the oxygen-enriched air obtained by the separation of the air radial zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower group has the concentration of 50-85 percent.
4. Description of the drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1. The system comprises a fan, 2, a dehydration carbon dioxide removal pre-adsorption tower, 3, a radial zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower, 4, a pressure reducing pump, 5, a carbon molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower and 6, a program control valve.
The device features of the invention are described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 and the examples.
5. Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The following examples are all in accordance with the large scale pressure swing adsorption cascade air separation unit shown in fig. 1. The process illustrated in fig. 1 specifically includes:
after the filtered air is pressurized by a fan 1 and is pretreated by a dehydration and carbon dioxide removal adsorption tower 2, the dried and carbon dioxide removal pressurized air is firstly adsorbed and separated by a radial zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower 3, nitrogen is adsorbed by a zeolite molecular sieve, and oxygen-enriched air flows out of the zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower 3; the group of the zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower 3 is switched by the program control valve 6, high-purity nitrogen is decompressed and desorbed from the zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower 3 by the decompression pump 4 to be sent out or discharged outside as a product, and the zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower 3 is recycled. Oxygen-enriched air flowing out of the zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower 3 enters a carbon molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower 5, oxygen is adsorbed by the carbon molecular sieve, and residual nitrogen, argon, helium and the like flow out of the carbon molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower 5 and are discharged; the carbon molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower 5 is switched through the program control valve 6, high-purity oxygen is decompressed and desorbed from the carbon molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower 5 by the decompression pump 4 to be delivered as a product, and the carbon molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower 5 is recycled. The pressure swing adsorption tower group realizes adsorption separation of part of the adsorption towers and desorption regeneration recycling of part of the adsorption towers through the program control valve.
The zeolite molecular sieve filled in the radial zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower group is one of a 5A molecular sieve, a lithium X type molecular sieve, a lithium A type molecular sieve, a 13X type molecular sieve and an alkaline earth metal modified molecular sieve thereof.
The pressure swing adsorption separation device is operated by vacuum pressure swing adsorption or low pressure swing adsorption.
The carbon molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower is a radial pressure swing adsorption tower or an axial pressure swing adsorption tower.
The radial pressure swing adsorption tower is characterized in that a tower wall, an isolation cylinder and a central pipe are sequentially arranged according to concentric circles from outside to inside, and the top of the isolation cylinder and the top of the central pipe form an adsorption section through an adsorbent pressing plate, and the upper part of the adsorption section is closed; the tower wall and the isolation cylinder form an air chamber with the upper part sealed, the isolation cylinder and the isolation cylinder form an auxiliary adsorption chamber, the isolation cylinder and the central pipe form an adsorption chamber, and the bottom in the central pipe is provided with a dead zone prevention guide cone; the side surface of the bottom of the tower wall is connected with a tangential air inlet, and an adsorbed tail gas outlet is connected with a central pipe and arranged at the top of the tower; the tower wall, the central pipe and the isolation cylinder are hermetically connected with the bottom plate; the bottom of the auxiliary adsorption chamber and the bottom of the adsorption chamber are respectively provided with an auxiliary adsorbent discharge opening and adsorbent discharge
The concentration of oxygen-enriched air obtained by the separation of the air radial zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower group is 50-85%.
Example 1
The zeolite molecular sieve treated in this example is a lithium a type molecular sieve, the pressure swing adsorption separation device is vacuum pressure swing adsorption, and the carbon molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower is a radial pressure swing adsorption tower:
the process is as follows:
after the filtered air is pressurized by a fan 1 and is pretreated by a dehydration and carbon dioxide removal adsorption tower 2, the dried and carbon dioxide removal pressurized air is firstly adsorbed and separated by a radial zeolite molecular sieve vacuum pressure swing adsorption tower 3, nitrogen is adsorbed by a lithium A type molecular sieve, and 70 percent of oxygen-enriched air flows out of the zeolite molecular sieve vacuum pressure swing adsorption tower 3; switching a zeolite molecular sieve vacuum pressure swing adsorption tower 3 through a program control valve 6, carrying out pressure reduction desorption of high-purity nitrogen from the zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower 3 by a pressure reduction pump 4 to serve as a product to be delivered, and recycling the zeolite molecular sieve vacuum pressure swing adsorption tower 3; 70% of oxygen-enriched air flowing out of the zeolite molecular sieve vacuum pressure swing adsorption tower 3 enters a radial carbon molecular sieve vacuum pressure swing adsorption tower 5, oxygen is adsorbed by the carbon molecular sieve, and residual nitrogen, argon, helium and the like flow out of the radial carbon molecular sieve vacuum pressure swing adsorption tower 5 and are discharged; the carbon radial molecular sieve vacuum pressure swing adsorption tower 5 is switched through the program control valve 6, high-purity oxygen is subjected to pressure reduction desorption from the radial carbon molecular sieve vacuum pressure swing adsorption tower 5 by the pressure reduction pump 4 and is delivered as a product for delivery and pressure reduction desorption, and the radial carbon molecular sieve vacuum pressure swing adsorption tower 5 is recycled. The pressure swing adsorption tower group realizes adsorption separation of part of the adsorption towers and desorption regeneration recycling of part of the adsorption towers through the program control valve.
The results show that the oxygen purity in the process of example 1 reaches 99.95%, and the recovery rate is more than 95%; the purity of nitrogen is 95 percent, and the recovery rate is 85 percent; compared with the low-temperature rectification method, the energy consumption of the oxygen separation is reduced by 35 percent.
Example 2
The zeolite molecular sieve processed by the embodiment is a 5A type molecular sieve, the pressure swing adsorption separation device is low-pressure swing adsorption, and the carbon molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower is an axial pressure swing adsorption tower:
the process is as follows:
after the filtered air is pressurized by a fan 1 and is pretreated by a dehydration and carbon dioxide removal adsorption tower 2, the dried and carbon dioxide removal pressurized air is firstly adsorbed and separated by a radial zeolite molecular sieve low-pressure swing adsorption tower 3, nitrogen is adsorbed by a 5A type molecular sieve, and 65 percent of oxygen-enriched air flows out of the zeolite molecular sieve low-pressure swing adsorption tower 3; switching the zeolite molecular sieve low-pressure swing adsorption tower 3 through the program control valve 6, carrying out pressure reduction desorption of high-purity nitrogen from the zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower 3 by a pressure reduction pump 4 to serve as a product to be delivered, and recycling the zeolite molecular sieve low-pressure swing adsorption tower 3; 65% of oxygen-enriched air flowing out of the zeolite molecular sieve low-pressure swing adsorption tower 3 enters a radial carbon molecular sieve low-pressure swing adsorption tower 5, oxygen is adsorbed by the carbon molecular sieve, and residual nitrogen, argon, helium and the like flow out of the axial carbon molecular sieve low-pressure swing adsorption tower 5 and are discharged; the carbon axial molecular sieve low-pressure swing adsorption tower 5 is switched through the program control valve 6, high-purity oxygen is subjected to pressure reduction desorption from the radial carbon molecular sieve vacuum pressure swing adsorption tower 5 by the pressure reduction pump 4 and is delivered as a product for delivery and pressure reduction desorption, and the axial carbon molecular sieve low-pressure swing adsorption tower 5 is recycled. The pressure swing adsorption tower group realizes adsorption separation of part of the adsorption towers and desorption regeneration recycling of part of the adsorption towers through the program control valve.
The results show that the oxygen purity in the process of example 1 reaches 99%, and the recovery rate is more than 95%; the purity of the nitrogen is 93 percent, and the recovery rate is 80 percent; compared with the low-temperature rectification method, the energy consumption of the oxygen separation is reduced by 25 percent.
The large-scale pressure swing adsorption cascade air separation device provided by the invention has the advantage that the processing capacity of pressure swing adsorption air separation is improved by times by utilizing the radial pressure swing adsorption tower, and can reach 30000m3More than h, the processing capacity of low-temperature rectification air separation is achieved; the combined measures that nitrogen is selectively adsorbed by the zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower firstly, and oxygen is selectively adsorbed by the carbon molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower secondly are adopted, so that the oxygen purity of pressure swing adsorption air separation is greatly improved, the content of inert gases such as argon, helium, neon and the like in the oxygen is reduced, the separation effect of low-temperature rectification air separation is achieved, but the energy consumption of high-purity oxygen separation and low-temperature rectification air separation is reduced by more than 25%, and thus the pressure swing adsorption cascade separation of large-scale low-pressure high-purity low-energy consumption air is realized.
Claims (6)
1. The large-scale pressure swing adsorption cascade air separation device is characterized in that an outlet of an air pressurizing fan is connected with an inlet of a radial zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower set through a dehydration and carbon dioxide removal adsorption tower, program control valves are arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the tower set, and a pressure reduction pump is connected to the inlet of the radial zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower set; the outlet of the radial zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption tower set is connected with the inlet of the pressure swing adsorption tower set through a program control valve carbon molecular sieve, and the outlet of the tower set is connected with a pressure reducing pump; the pressure swing adsorption tower group realizes adsorption separation of part of the adsorption towers and desorption regeneration recycling of part of the adsorption towers through the program control valve.
2. The large scale pressure swing adsorption cascade air separation plant of claim 1 wherein the zeolite molecular sieve packed in the radial zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption column set is one of a 5A molecular sieve, a lithium X molecular sieve, a lithium a molecular sieve, a 13X molecular sieve and an alkaline earth metal modified molecular sieve thereof.
3. The large scale pressure swing adsorption cascade air separation plant of claim 1 wherein the pressure swing adsorption separation plant is a vacuum pressure swing adsorption or low pressure swing adsorption operation.
4. The large scale pressure swing adsorption cascade air separation plant of claim 1, wherein the carbon molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption column is a radial pressure swing adsorption column or an axial pressure swing adsorption column.
5. The large scale pressure swing adsorption cascade air separation plant of claim 1, wherein the radial pressure swing adsorption column is sequentially arranged in concentric circles from outside to inside by the column wall, the isolation cylinder and the center tube, and the top of the isolation cylinder and the center tube form an upper part of the adsorption section to be closed by the adsorbent pressing plate; the tower wall and the isolation cylinder form an air chamber with the upper part sealed, the isolation cylinder and the isolation cylinder form an auxiliary adsorption chamber, the isolation cylinder and the central pipe form an adsorption chamber, and the bottom in the central pipe is provided with a dead zone prevention guide cone; the side surface of the bottom of the tower wall is connected with a tangential air inlet, and an adsorbed tail gas outlet is connected with a central pipe and arranged at the top of the tower; the tower wall, the central pipe and the isolation cylinder are hermetically connected with the bottom plate; the bottom of the auxiliary adsorption chamber and the bottom of the adsorption chamber are respectively provided with an auxiliary adsorbent discharge opening and an adsorbent discharge opening.
6. The large scale pressure swing adsorption cascade air separation plant of claim 1 wherein the oxygen enriched air separated by the air radial zeolite molecular sieve pressure swing adsorption column set is between 50% and 85%.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110394028A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-01 | 中国石油大学(华东) | The extensive step air separation unit coupled based on pressure-variable adsorption with cryogenic separation |
| CN110394026A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-01 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Extensive pressure-variable adsorption step air-separating plant |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110394028A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-01 | 中国石油大学(华东) | The extensive step air separation unit coupled based on pressure-variable adsorption with cryogenic separation |
| CN110394026A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-01 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Extensive pressure-variable adsorption step air-separating plant |
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