CN112922670A - Visual and maintainable type anti-clogging drainage system for highway tunnel - Google Patents
Visual and maintainable type anti-clogging drainage system for highway tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN112922670A CN112922670A CN202110314992.5A CN202110314992A CN112922670A CN 112922670 A CN112922670 A CN 112922670A CN 202110314992 A CN202110314992 A CN 202110314992A CN 112922670 A CN112922670 A CN 112922670A
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- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel water prevention and drainage, in particular to a visual and maintainable highway tunnel silting prevention and drainage system. The tunnel drainage system is used for solving the problems that the existing tunnel drainage system is easy to block and seep water in the drainage process, and blocking points are difficult to find. The visual and maintainable type anti-clogging drainage system for the highway tunnel comprises a pavement drainage system, a side ditch well point dewatering system and a side wall visual drainage system; the pavement drainage system comprises a curved drainage blind pipe, a transverse drainage blind ditch, a longitudinal drainage blind pipe, a longitudinal drainage blind ditch, a visible well and a visible cover plate; the side ditch well point dewatering system comprises a side ditch and a dewatering well, and the dewatering well is arranged in the side ditch; the side wall visual drainage system comprises side wall blind ditches, side wall drain pipes, combined permeable pipes and visual water receiving boxes, wherein the side wall blind ditches are arranged inside the side walls of the tunnel. Through the scheme, the technical effects of easy drainage, quick finding of silting points, targeted maintenance and dredging and reduction of tunnel water leakage are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel water prevention and drainage, in particular to a visual and maintainable highway tunnel silting prevention and drainage system.
Background
Due to the complex geological conditions of surrounding rocks of the highway tunnel passing through the mountainous area, the tunnel can have more common diseases such as lining leakage water, surface water accumulation and the like after being operated for years, and certain influence can be generated on the operation safety of the tunnel. Can lead to tunnel drainage system to block up when serious, the unable discharge of a large amount of ponding behind the lining cutting, the water pressure increase behind the lining cutting threatens the safety and stability of lining cutting structure.
A large number of engineering research and experimental research show that the reasons for blocking the tunnel drainage system mainly include two aspects: on one hand, underground water behind the tunnel lining contains a large amount of calcium, magnesium, iron and other ions, and the calcium, magnesium, iron and other ions in the dissociation and various hydrochloric acid remained in the drainage system chemically react with the ions to generate various solid substances which are difficult to dissolve in water, so that the drainage system is blocked. On the other hand, underground water behind the lining carries a large amount of silt and rock debris when flowing, and cannot be effectively discharged after entering a drainage system, so that the drainage system is blocked.
In order to prevent the highway tunnel from being invaded by water, a system for intercepting and draining surface water and underground water arranged on the tunnel lining and the roadbed becomes a tunnel anti-clogging drainage system, and the drainage system has a direct relation with the quality of the tunnel lining, the strength of the roadbed and the quality of the road pavement. At present, the conditions of lining water leakage, subgrade drainage system clogging and the like can occur after a highway tunnel is operated for many years, and the maintenance is difficult to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome at least one defect (deficiency) of the prior art, and provides a highway tunnel drainage system which is used for solving the problems that the existing tunnel drainage system is easy to block and seep water in the drainage process, and blocking points are difficult to find, so that the technical effects of easy drainage, quick finding of the blocking points, targeted maintenance and dredging and reduction of tunnel seepage water are achieved.
The visual and maintainable type highway tunnel anti-clogging drainage system comprises a pavement drainage system, a side ditch well point dewatering system and a side wall visual drainage system; the pavement drainage system comprises a curved drainage blind pipe, a transverse drainage blind ditch, a longitudinal drainage blind pipe, a longitudinal drainage blind ditch, a visible well and a visible cover plate; the longitudinal drainage blind pipes are laid in longitudinal drainage blind ditches at two sides of the tunnel roadbed, the curved drainage blind pipes are laid in the transverse drainage blind ditches, and the longitudinal drainage blind pipes are connected through the curved drainage blind pipes to form a connection mode of intercommunication from the longitudinal drainage blind pipes to the curved drainage blind pipes and then to the longitudinal drainage blind pipes; the top parts of the longitudinal drainage blind pipe and the curved drainage blind pipe are covered with filter plates, and a visible cover plate is laid above the filter plates of the curved drainage blind pipe; a visible well is arranged at the joint of the longitudinal drainage blind pipe and the curved drainage blind pipe; the side ditch well point dewatering system comprises side ditches and dewatering wells, wherein the side ditches are arranged on two sides of the tunnel roadbed, the dewatering wells are arranged in the side ditches in an excavating mode, and the number of the dewatering wells is multiple; the side wall visual drainage system comprises a side wall blind ditch, a side wall longitudinal drainage blind pipe, a side wall water drain pipe, a combined permeable pipe and a visual water receiving box; the side wall blind ditches are arranged inside the side wall of the tunnel, the bottoms of two sides of the side wall blind ditches are connected with side wall longitudinal drainage blind pipes, the side wall longitudinal drainage blind pipes longitudinally extend to the outside of the tunnel along two ends of the tunnel, and the side wall blind ditches are internally provided with permeable pipes; the bending radian of the side wall blind ditch is consistent with that of the side wall of the tunnel; the side wall water drain pipe is connected with the side wall longitudinal drainage blind pipe and the side ditch; the visual water receiving box is arranged at the bottom of the outer surface of the side wall of the tunnel, a side wall water drainage hole in the horizontal direction is drilled on the side wall of the tunnel, the side wall water drainage hole is connected with the visual water receiving box, and the combined water permeable pipe is laid in the side wall water drainage hole; the connection relation among the pavement drainage system, the side ditch well point dewatering system and the visual drainage system of side wall is as follows: the longitudinal drainage blind pipe of the pavement drainage system is connected with the side ditch in the side ditch well point dewatering system through a side ditch wall drainage hole; the side wall longitudinal drainage blind pipe of the side wall visual drainage system is connected with the side ditch in the side ditch well point dewatering system through a side wall drain pipe, and the bottom of the visual water receiving box is connected with the side ditch through a drain pipe.
The technical scheme adopts a connection mode of intercommunicating the longitudinal drainage blind pipe, the curved drainage blind pipe and the longitudinal drainage blind pipe, and simultaneously combines a side ditch well point drainage system and a side wall visual drainage system, so that tunnel lining leakage water and road surface accumulated water are quickly drained; the side ditch well point dewatering system is used for driving the water depth in the side ditch into the soil layer through a dewatering well, and the side wall visual drainage system is used for guiding and draining water flow through a side wall blind ditch, a side wall water drainage hole and a visual water receiving box; meanwhile, the visual cover plate covers the curved drainage blind pipe, so that the problem of accumulated water on the tunnel pavement caused by blockage of the curved drainage blind pipe can be solved in time, and the curved drainage blind pipe is effectively dredged by matching with a special pipeline dredging machine; the side wall longitudinal drainage blind pipe longitudinally extends to the outside of the tunnel along the two ends of the tunnel, so that a professional pipeline dredging machine can be conveniently used for dredging the side wall longitudinal drainage blind pipe.
The pavement drainage system is used for collecting accumulated water on the tunnel pavement, guiding the accumulated water in the middle of the pavement to longitudinal drainage blind pipes on two sides of the pavement through curved drainage blind pipes, finally guiding the accumulated water to the side ditch well point dewatering system through side ditch wall drainage holes, and discharging the accumulated water through the side ditches and the dewatering wells. The visual drainage system of side wall is used for collecting the ponding of infiltration tunnel side wall and with the ponding water conservancy diversion of tunnel side wall to side ditch well point dewatering system, specifically the side wall french drain is collected along the ponding of tunnel wall infiltration and is discharged to the side ditch through the vertical drainage blind pipe water conservancy diversion of side wall, combined pervious pipe level sets up in the bottom of tunnel side wall and extends to one section distance outside tunnel lining in the horizontal direction to can collect the ponding that accumulates outside tunnel side wall bottom and side wall lining, and with the ponding water conservancy diversion to visual water receiving box of collecting, the drain pipe drainage to the side ditch of the visual water receiving box bottom of rethread is discharged. The side ditch well point dewatering system is used for collecting accumulated water on two sides of a road, guiding the accumulated water by the pavement drainage system and the side wall visual drainage system, discharging the accumulated water from the ground through the side ditch, and discharging the accumulated water from the underground through the dewatering well.
Furthermore, the distance between every two dewatering wells is 3-5 m, the depth of each dewatering well is 3-5 m, and the top of each dewatering well is 15-25 cm higher than the bottom of each side ditch; the longitudinal distance between the side wall water drainage holes is 3-5 m, and the depth is 3-5 m. The space and the depth of the dewatering wells need to meet the requirements of drainage and drainage speed, and the suitable space of the dewatering wells is 3-5 m and the suitable depth of the dewatering wells is 3-5 m after multiple tests and calculations.
Further, the dewatering well comprises a full-penetration type hard permeable pipe and a full-penetration type tough permeable pipe, and the full-penetration type tough permeable pipe is nested inside the full-penetration type hard permeable pipe; the top of the full-transparent hard permeable pipe is covered with a permeable well cover, and the bottom of the full-transparent hard permeable pipe is covered with an elliptical cone bottom cover with holes; sponge filler has been placed to the type toughness pipe bottom of permeating water of full passing through, the type toughness of permeating water of full passing through with place the sponge filler between the hard type pipe of permeating water of full passing through. The dewatering well is internally provided with a full-permeable hard permeable pipe and a full-permeable tough permeable pipe so as to rapidly permeate water into a soil layer, and the top of the permeable pipe is covered with a permeable well cover to filter impurities so as to prevent the dewatering well from being blocked; the sponge filler helps to absorb water quickly and accelerates water in the dewatering well to permeate into a soil layer.
The drainage blind pipe comprises a plurality of curved drainage blind pipes, each curved drainage blind pipe comprises a first end connected with one longitudinal drainage blind pipe and a second end connected with the other longitudinal drainage blind pipe, and when the curved drainage blind pipes are integrally laid, the arrangement density of the first ends is greater than that of the second ends. Because a plurality of bends exist in the tunnel, the bent drainage blind pipe is designed to be more dense at the first end than at the second end so as to adapt to the bends in the tunnel when being laid.
Furthermore, the bent drainage blind pipe and the longitudinal drainage blind pipe are water permeable pipes, the upper parts of the water permeable pipes are permeable, and the lower parts of the water permeable pipes are impermeable. The water permeable pipe can protect the environment in the pipeline and reduce clogging; the upper part of the permeable pipe needs to be permeable to water for draining, and the lower part needs to be impermeable to water for guiding water flow. The outer surface of the permeable pipe is wrapped with a filter layer. The filtering layer is arranged on the outer surface of the water permeable pipe, so that impurity sludge is further reduced from entering the drainage blind pipe, and the inside of the drainage pipeline is clean and smooth.
Furthermore, the side ditch wall drain holes are arranged at intervals on one side of the longitudinal drainage blind pipe close to the side wall of the tunnel, and the distance between the side ditch wall drain holes is 2-5 m. The longitudinal drainage blind pipes on the two sides of the tunnel are provided with side ditch wall drainage at intervals on one side close to the side wall of the tunnel, so that the drainage pressure when the drainage quantity is large can be reduced. The space between the side ditch wall drain holes is not too large or too small, space resources are wasted when the space between the side ditch wall drain holes is too large, and the effect of reducing the drainage pressure cannot be achieved when the space between the side ditch wall drain holes is too large, so that the optimal space is 2-5 m.
Further, the visual water receiving box comprises a base, a panel, an upper panel fixing plate and a lower panel fixing plate, wherein the panel is arranged between the upper panel fixing plate and the lower panel fixing plate; the base is fixed on the side wall of the tunnel, forms a certain water storage space with the side wall of the tunnel and is made of transparent materials; the panel upper fixing plate and the panel lower fixing plate are fixed on the base. The visual water receiving box is made of transparent materials, so that the drainage and clogging conditions in the box can be directly observed; when the clogging condition is observed in the box, the panel can be opened to clean the visual water receiving box and the water pipe connected with the visual water receiving box.
Furthermore, the combined permeable pipe is specifically a full-penetration curved-grain net-shaped PE flexible combined permeable pipe, and comprises a full-penetration outer pipe with phi 75mm and a full-penetration inner pipe with phi 50 mm. Adopt combined pipe of permeating water, carry out 2 times to the tunnel infiltration and filter, adjust drainage speed and displacement simultaneously.
Further, a special pipeline dredging machine is adopted to dredge the curved drainage blind pipe, the longitudinal drainage blind pipe, the visual well, the dewatering well, the side wall water drain pipe and the combined permeable pipe; the pipeline dredging machine is provided with a flexible shaft, a brush and a drill bit, and is suitable for vertical or narrow space operation; during dredging, clogging conditions can be checked through the visual well, the visual cover plate and the visual water receiving box, and the visual well, the visual cover plate and the visual water receiving box are opened to be cleaned by adopting the special pipeline dredging machine. Meanwhile, the side wall longitudinal drainage blind pipes longitudinally extend to the outside of the tunnel along the two ends of the tunnel, so that a professional pipeline dredging machine can be conveniently used for dredging the side wall longitudinal drainage blind pipes.
Further, the surface of the pervious pipe in the side wall blind ditch is provided with a composite waterproof board which is a PVC composite waterproof board with the thickness of 1.5 mm. Through the arrangement of the waterproof plate, the drainage pressure of the side wall blind ditch permeable pipe is reduced
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention designs a connection mode of the intercommunication of the longitudinal drainage blind pipe, the curved drainage blind pipe and the longitudinal drainage blind pipe, wherein a visible cover plate covers the curved drainage blind pipe, and a visible well is arranged at the connection position of the longitudinal drainage blind pipe and the curved drainage blind pipe; simultaneously, a side ditch well point drainage system and a side wall visual drainage system are combined, so that tunnel lining leakage water and surface water are quickly drained; the side ditch well point dewatering system is characterized in that a dewatering well is arranged to enable the water depth in the side ditch to enter a soil layer, the side wall visual drainage system is used for guiding and draining water flow through a side wall blind ditch, side wall drainage holes and a visual water receiving box, the side wall visual drainage system is a brand new technical scheme which is not adopted in the past, the problem that a curved drainage blind pipe is blocked to cause water accumulation on a tunnel pavement can be solved in time, and a professional pipeline dredging machine is matched to dredge effectively, so that the purposes of easy drainage and quick finding of a silted point can be achieved, the targeted maintenance and dredging can be carried out, and the technical effect of tunnel leakage water is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a drainage blind pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a drainage blind according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of a visual well and a visual cover plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of a precipitation well according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a dewatering well structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic elevation view of a gutter bottom dewatering well according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dewatering well according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sidewall drainage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a visualized water receiving box and a tunnel side wall according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a visualized water receiving box and a vertical wall of a tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a structure view of a visual water receiving box base provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a structure view of a visual water receiving box panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a combined permeable pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: the drainage device comprises a longitudinal drainage blind pipe 110, a curved drainage blind pipe 120, a side ditch wall drainage hole 130, a longitudinal drainage blind ditch 1101, a transverse drainage blind ditch 1201, a side ditch 210, a dewatering well 220, a water-permeable top cover 2201, a sponge filler 2202, a full-permeable hard type water-permeable pipe 2203, a full-permeable tough type water-permeable pipe 2204, a perforated elliptical cone bottom cover 2205, a combined type water-permeable pipe 310, a drainage hose 320, a visual water receiving box 330, a side wall drainage pipe 340, a drainage hole 350, a side wall blind ditch 360, a side wall longitudinal drainage blind pipe 361, sprayed concrete 370, a waterproof plate 380, a secondary lining 390, a side wall drainage hole 3101, an M8 expansion bolt 3102, a galvanized washer 3104, an inner pipe full-permeable type 3106, an outer pipe full-permeable type 3107, a base 3301, a panel 3302, polysulfide building sealant 3303, a panel lower fixing plate 3304, a panel upper fixing plate 3305 and a bottom baffle plate 3306.
Detailed Description
The drawings are only for purposes of illustration and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. For a better understanding of the following embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3, the visual and maintainable type anti-clogging drainage system for the highway tunnel of the present embodiment includes a pavement drainage system, a side ditch well point dewatering system and a side wall visual drainage system; as shown in fig. 1, the pavement drainage system comprises a curved drainage blind pipe 120, a transverse drainage blind ditch 1201, a longitudinal drainage blind pipe 110, a longitudinal drainage blind ditch 1101, a visible well and a visible cover plate; the longitudinal drainage blind pipes 110 are laid in longitudinal drainage blind ditches 1101 on two sides of the tunnel subgrade, and the curved drainage blind pipes 120 are laid in transverse drainage blind ditches 1201; gaps between the curved drainage blind pipes 120 and the transverse drainage blind ditches 1201 and gaps between the longitudinal drainage blind pipes 110 and the longitudinal drainage blind ditches 1101 are filled with graded crushed stones; the longitudinal drainage blind pipes 110 are connected through the curved drainage blind pipes 120 to form a connection mode of intercommunication from the longitudinal drainage blind pipes 110 to the curved drainage blind pipes 120 and then to the longitudinal drainage blind pipes 110; the method adopts a connection mode of intercommunicating the longitudinal drainage blind pipe 110, the curved drainage blind pipe 120 and the longitudinal drainage blind pipe 110, and combines side ditch well point dewatering and side wall visual drainage system arrangement to lead and drain the tunnel lining leakage water and the road surface accumulated water quickly, thereby being a brand new technical scheme which is not adopted in the past.
The curved drainage blind pipe 120 comprises a first end and a second end, and when the curved drainage blind pipe 120 is integrally laid, the arrangement density of the first end is greater than that of the second end; because there are many curves in the tunnel, the curved drain blind 120 is designed to have a greater density at the first end than at the second end to accommodate the curves in the tunnel. The curved drainage blind pipe 120 and the longitudinal drainage blind pipe 110 adopt a mesh PE hard permeable pipe with the specification of phi 110mm curved veins, 2/3 is permeable, and 1/3 is impermeable. The water permeable pipe can protect the environment in the pipeline and reduce clogging; when the curved drainage blind pipe 120 and the longitudinal drainage blind pipe 110 are installed, the impermeable layer is required to be placed downwards, the upper part of the permeable pipe is required to be permeable to water for drainage, and the lower part of the permeable pipe is required to be impermeable to water for guiding water flow and preventing secondary permeation. The outer surface of the permeable pipe is wrapped with a filter layer, such as geotextile. The filtering layer is arranged on the outer surface of the water permeable pipe, so that sludge and impurities are further reduced to enter the drainage blind pipe, and the inside of the drainage pipeline is clean and smooth.
As shown in fig. 2, the side drain holes 130 are formed at intervals on one side of the longitudinal drain blind pipe 110 close to the side wall of the tunnel. The longitudinal drain blind pipes 110 on both sides of the tunnel are provided with side trench wall drain holes 130 at intervals on one side close to the side wall of the tunnel, which can help to reduce the drain pressure when the drain amount is large. The distance between the drain holes 130 of the side trench wall is 2m to 5 m. The distance between the side trench wall drainage holes 130 should not be too large or too small, space resources are wasted if the distance between the side trench wall drainage holes 130 is too large, and the effect of reducing drainage pressure is not achieved if the distance between the side trench wall drainage holes 130 is too large, so that the optimum distance is 2m to 5 m.
The top parts of the longitudinal drainage blind pipe 110 and the curved drainage blind pipe 120 are covered with filter plates, the width of the filter plate at the top part of the longitudinal drainage blind pipe 110 is 30 cm-70 cm, and the width of the filter plate at the top part of the curved drainage blind pipe 120 is 70 cm-130 cm; the filter plates are arranged at the tops of the longitudinal drainage blind pipe 110 and the curved drainage blind pipe 120, so that most sludge impurities are prevented from entering the drainage blind pipe, and the inside of the drainage pipeline is clean and smooth. A visible cover plate is laid above the filter plate of the curved drainage blind pipe 120, and a visible well is arranged at the joint of the longitudinal drainage blind pipe 110 and the curved drainage blind pipe 120; the width of the visual cover plate is 40 cm-60 cm, and the width of the visual cover plate is required to be larger than that of the drainage blind ditch so as to cover the drainage blind ditch. The visual cover plate is made of light materials, has higher strength for bearing vehicle load, is hollow in the middle, and can be uncovered or the drainage condition in the blind ditch can be directly checked through the hollow part of the cover plate. The curved drainage blind pipe 120 is covered with the visual cover plate, so that the blocking condition can be checked in time, and the problem of water accumulation on the tunnel pavement caused by blocking of the curved drainage blind pipe 120 is solved. As shown in fig. 3, the shape of the visible well is a trapezoid, the trapezoid visible well is used for checking and dredging a blocked drainage system, and the checking and dredging can be performed by a manual or professional pipeline dredging machine. The visual well and the visual cover plate are made of transparent or hollowed-out materials. The transparent or hollow material helps to realize visualization of the drainage system, help to check clogging in time and dredge drainage in time.
As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, the gutter 210 well point dewatering system comprises a gutter 210 and a plurality of dewatering wells 220, wherein the gutter 210 is arranged on two sides of the tunnel subgrade, the dewatering wells 220 are arranged in the gutter 210 in a drilling mode, and the number of the dewatering wells 220 is multiple; the distance between the dewatering wells 220 is 3 m-5 m, and the depth of the dewatering wells 220 is 3 m-5 m; as shown in fig. 5, the top of the dewatering well 220 is 15cm to 25cm higher than the bottom of the side ditch 210, the top of the dewatering well 220 is provided with a water permeable top cover 2201, and the bottom of the dewatering well 220 is provided with a perforated elliptical cone bottom cover 2205; as shown in fig. 7, the dewatering well 220 includes a full-transparent hard permeable pipe 2203 and a full-transparent tough permeable pipe 2204, the full-transparent tough permeable pipe 2204 is embedded inside the full-transparent hard permeable pipe 2203, the full-transparent tough permeable pipe 2204 is specifically a phi 60mm full-transparent curved-line net-shaped PE tough permeable pipe, and the full-transparent hard permeable pipe 2203 is specifically a phi 110mm full-transparent curved-line net-shaped PE hard permeable pipe; the top of the full-transparent curved-grain net-shaped PE rigid water permeable pipe is covered with a water permeable top cover 2201, and the bottom of the full-transparent curved-grain net-shaped PE rigid water permeable pipe is covered with an elliptical cone bottom cover 2205 with holes; sponge filler 2202 is placed at the bottom of the full-transparent curved-grain netted PE flexible permeable pipe, and the sponge filler 2202 is placed between the full-transparent curved-grain netted PE flexible permeable pipe and the full-transparent curved-grain netted PE rigid permeable pipe. The dewatering well is internally provided with a full-permeable hard permeable pipe and a full-permeable tough permeable pipe so as to rapidly permeate water into a soil layer, and the top of the permeable pipe is covered with a permeable well cover to filter impurities so as to prevent the dewatering well from being blocked; the sponge filler helps to absorb water quickly and accelerates water in the dewatering well to permeate into a soil layer.
As shown in fig. 8, the side wall visual drainage system comprises a side wall blind ditch 360, a side wall drain pipe 340, a combined permeable pipe 310 and a visual water receiver 330; the side wall blind ditch 360 is arranged inside a side wall of the tunnel, side wall longitudinal drainage blind pipes 361 are connected to the bottoms of two sides of the side wall blind ditch 360, and the side wall longitudinal drainage blind pipes 361 longitudinally extend to the outside of the tunnel along two ends of the tunnel; PS-50 permeable pipes are arranged in the side wall blind ditches 360, and the bending radian of the side wall blind ditches 360 is consistent with that of the side wall of the tunnel; one end of the side wall water drain pipe 340 is connected with the bottom of the side wall longitudinal water drain blind pipe 361, and the other end is connected with the side ditch 210; the visual water receiving box 330 is arranged at the bottom of the outer surface of the side wall of the tunnel, a side wall water drainage hole 350 in the horizontal direction is drilled on the side wall of the tunnel, the side wall water drainage hole 350 is connected with the visual water receiving box 330, and the combined water permeable pipe 310 is laid in the side wall water drainage hole 350; the visual water receiving box 330 drains water to the gutter 210 through a 50PE drain hose. Concrete is sprayed above the side wall blind ditches 360, and a secondary lining 390 is arranged below the side wall blind ditches 360.
More specifically, waterproof boards 380 are arranged outside the PS-50 water permeable pipes at intervals, the waterproof boards 380 are PVC composite waterproof boards of 1.5mm, and the outer surfaces of the PVC composite waterproof boards are covered with geotextile of 400 g/square meter as a buffer layer.
More specifically, as shown in fig. 9, 10, 11 and 12, the visualization water receiving box 330 includes a base 3301, a panel 3302, an upper panel fixing plate 3305, and a lower panel fixing plate 3304, wherein the panel 3302 is disposed between the upper panel fixing plate 3305 and the lower panel fixing plate 3304; the base 3301 is fixed on the side wall of the tunnel, forms a certain water storage space with the side wall of the tunnel, and is made of transparent material; the panel upper fixing plate 3305 and the panel lower fixing plate 3304 are fixed on the base 3301; the base 3301 is 0.5mm thick, the panel 3302 is 0.5cm thick, the base 3301 is fixed on the tunnel side wall through M8 expansion bolts and the galvanized washer of thick 3mm, polysulfide building sealant is adopted with the juncture of tunnel side wall to the base 3301. The visual water receiving box is made of transparent materials, so that the drainage and clogging conditions in the box can be directly observed; when the clogging condition is observed in the box, the panel can be opened to clean the visual water receiving box and the water pipe connected with the visual water receiving box.
As shown in fig. 13, the longitudinal distance between the side wall drainage holes 350 of the side wall visual drainage system is 3m to 5m, the depth of the side wall drainage holes 350 is 3m to 5m, the drainage pipe adopts a full-transparent curved-line net-shaped PE toughness combined permeable pipe (phi 75mm outer pipe, phi 50mm inner pipe), the side wall drainage holes 350 are connected with the visual water receiving box 330, and the drainage and clogging conditions of the drainage holes can be observed.
The connection relation among the pavement drainage system, the side ditch well point dewatering system and the visual drainage system of side wall is as follows: the longitudinal drainage blind pipe (110) of the pavement drainage system is connected with the side ditch (210) in the side ditch well point dewatering system through a side ditch wall drainage hole (130); the side wall longitudinal drainage blind pipe (361) of the side wall visual drainage system is connected with the side ditch (210) in the side ditch well point dewatering system through a side wall drainage pipe, and the bottom of the visual water receiving box (330) is connected with the side ditch (210) through a drainage pipe.
The pavement drainage system is used for collecting accumulated water on the tunnel pavement, guiding the accumulated water in the middle of the pavement to the longitudinal drainage blind pipes 110 on the two sides of the pavement through the curved drainage blind pipes, finally guiding the accumulated water to the gutter point dewatering system through the side gutter wall drainage holes 130, and discharging the accumulated water through the side gutter 210 and the dewatering well 220. The visual drainage system of side wall is used for collecting the ponding of infiltration tunnel side wall and with the ponding water conservancy diversion of tunnel side wall to side ditch well point dewatering system, specifically the side wall french drain is collected along the ponding of tunnel wall infiltration and is discharged to the side ditch through the vertical drainage blind pipe 361 water conservancy diversion of side wall, combined permeable pipe 310 level sets up in the bottom of tunnel side wall and extends to the outer one section distance of tunnel lining in the horizontal direction to can collect the ponding that accumulates outside tunnel side wall bottom and side wall lining, and with the ponding water conservancy diversion to visual water receiving box 330 of collecting, the drain pipe drainage to the side ditch of the visual water receiving box bottom 330 portion of rethread is discharged. The gutter well-point dewatering system is used for collecting accumulated water on two sides of a road, the accumulated water guided by the pavement drainage system and the side wall visual drainage system, the accumulated water is discharged from the ground through the gutter 210, and meanwhile, the accumulated water is discharged from the underground through the dewatering well 220.
When a visual and maintenance type road tunnel anti-clogging drainage system is dredged, a special pipeline dredging machine is adopted to dredge the curved drainage blind pipe 120, the longitudinal drainage blind pipe 110, the visual well, the dewatering well 220, the side wall drainage pipe 340 and the combined permeable pipe 310; the pipeline dredging machine is provided with a flexible shaft, a brush and a drill bit, and is suitable for vertical or narrow space operation.
During dredging, the clogging condition can be observed through the visual well, the visual cover plate and the visual water receiving box 330, and the visual well, the visual cover plate and the visual water receiving box 330 are opened to be cleaned by adopting the special pipeline dredging machine.
More specifically, the dredging step for the road surface drainage system comprises the steps of opening a visible well to clean a longitudinal drainage blind pipe 110 and a curved drainage blind pipe 120 connected with the visible well through a pipeline dredging machine; and opening the visual cover plate, and cleaning the transverse drainage blind ditch 1201 and the curved drainage blind pipe 120 through a pipeline dredging machine.
More specifically, the dredging step for the gutter well point dewatering system comprises the steps of opening the water-permeable top cover 2201 of the dewatering well 220 and cleaning the dewatering well 220 through a pipeline dredging machine.
More specifically, the dredging step for the side wall visual drainage system includes opening the panel 3302 of the visual water receiving box 330, and cleaning the combined permeable pipe 310, the drainage hose 320, the side wall drainage hole 350 and the visual water receiving box 330 by using a pipe dredging machine.
The dredging method has the technical effects that the effective dredging is carried out by matching with a professional pipeline dredging machine, so that the drainage is easy, the silting point can be quickly found, the targeted maintenance dredging is carried out, and the tunnel water leakage is reduced.
The embodiment designs a connection mode of the mutual communication of the longitudinal drainage blind pipe, the curved drainage blind pipe and the longitudinal drainage blind pipe, wherein the curved drainage blind pipe is covered with a visual cover plate, and a visual well is arranged at the connection part of the longitudinal drainage blind pipe and the curved drainage blind pipe; simultaneously, a side ditch well point drainage system and a side wall visual drainage system are combined, so that tunnel lining leakage water and surface water are quickly drained; the side ditch well point dewatering system is characterized in that a dewatering well is arranged to enable the water depth in the side ditch to enter a soil layer, the side wall visual drainage system is used for guiding and draining water flow through a side wall blind ditch, side wall drainage holes and a visual water receiving box, the side wall visual drainage system is a brand new technical scheme which is not adopted in the past, the problem that a curved drainage blind pipe is blocked to cause water accumulation on a tunnel pavement can be solved in time, and a professional pipeline dredging machine is matched to dredge effectively, so that the purposes of easy drainage and quick finding of a silted point can be achieved, the targeted maintenance and dredging can be carried out, and the technical effect of tunnel leakage water is reduced.
It should be understood that the examples are merely for clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the specific embodiments of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention claims should be included in the protection scope of the present invention claims.
Claims (10)
1. A visual and maintainable type highway tunnel anti-clogging drainage system is characterized by comprising a pavement drainage system, a side ditch well point dewatering system and a side wall visual drainage system; the pavement drainage system comprises a curved drainage blind pipe (120), a transverse drainage blind ditch (1201), a longitudinal drainage blind pipe (110), a longitudinal drainage blind ditch (1101), a visible well and a visible cover plate; the longitudinal drainage blind pipes (110) are laid in longitudinal drainage blind ditches (1101) on two sides of a tunnel subgrade, the curved drainage blind pipes (120) are laid in transverse drainage blind ditches (1201), and the longitudinal drainage blind pipes (110) are connected through the curved drainage blind pipes (120) to form a connection mode that the longitudinal drainage blind pipes (110), the curved drainage blind pipes (120) and the longitudinal drainage blind pipes (110) are communicated with each other; the top parts of the longitudinal drainage blind pipe (110) and the curved drainage blind pipe (120) are covered with filter plates, and a visible cover plate is laid above the filter plates of the curved drainage blind pipe (120); a visible well is arranged at the joint of the longitudinal drainage blind pipe (110) and the curved drainage blind pipe (120); the side ditch well point dewatering system comprises side ditches (210) and dewatering wells (220), wherein the side ditches (210) are arranged on two sides of a tunnel roadbed, the dewatering wells (220) are arranged in the side ditches (210), and the number of the dewatering wells (220) is multiple; the side wall visual drainage system comprises a side wall blind ditch (360), a side wall longitudinal drainage blind pipe (361), a side wall water drain pipe (340), a combined permeable pipe (310) and a visual water receiving box (330); the side wall blind ditch (360) is arranged inside a side wall of the tunnel, the bottoms of two sides of the side wall blind ditch (360) are both connected with side wall longitudinal drainage blind pipes (361), the side wall longitudinal drainage blind pipes (361) longitudinally extend to the outside of the tunnel along two ends of the tunnel, and permeable pipes are arranged in the side wall blind ditch (360); the bending radian of the side wall blind ditch (360) is consistent with that of the side wall of the tunnel; the side wall drain pipe (340) is connected with the side wall longitudinal drainage blind pipe (361) and the side ditch (210); the visual water receiving box (330) is arranged at the bottom of the outer surface of the side wall of the tunnel, a side wall water drainage hole (3101) in the horizontal direction is drilled on the side wall of the tunnel, the side wall water drainage hole (3101) is connected with the visual water receiving box (330), and the combined permeable pipe (310) is laid in the side wall water drainage hole (3101);
the connection relation among the pavement drainage system, the side ditch well point dewatering system and the visual drainage system of side wall is as follows: the longitudinal drainage blind pipe (110) of the pavement drainage system is connected with the side ditch (210) in the side ditch well point dewatering system through a side ditch wall drainage hole (130); the side wall longitudinal drainage blind pipe (361) of the side wall visual drainage system is connected with the side ditch (210) in the side ditch well point dewatering system through a side wall drainage pipe, and the bottom of the visual water receiving box (330) is connected with the side ditch (210) through a drainage pipe.
2. The visual maintenance type highway tunnel anti-clogging drainage system according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the dewatering wells (220) is 3-5 m, the depth of the dewatering wells (220) is 3-5 m, and the top of the dewatering wells (220) is 15-25 cm higher than the bottom of the side ditch (210); the side wall drainage holes (3101) are 3-5 m in longitudinal distance and 3-5 m in depth.
3. A visual maintenance type road tunnel anti-clogging drainage system according to claim 2, wherein said precipitation well (220) comprises a full-penetration type hard permeable pipe (2203) and a full-penetration type tough permeable pipe (2204), said full-penetration type tough permeable pipe (2204) is nested inside said full-penetration type hard permeable pipe (2203); the top of the full-transparent hard permeable pipe (2203) is covered with a permeable top cover (2201), and the bottom is covered with a perforated elliptical cone bottom cover (2205).
4. The visual maintenance type road tunnel anti-clogging drainage system as claimed in claim 3, wherein a sponge filler is placed at the bottom of said full permeable tough permeable pipe (2204), and a sponge filler is placed between said full permeable tough permeable pipe (2204) and said full permeable hard permeable pipe (2203).
5. A visual maintenance type road tunnel anti-clogging drainage system according to claim 1, characterized by comprising a plurality of curved drainage blind pipes (120), wherein the curved drainage blind pipes (120) comprise first ends connected with one side of the longitudinal drainage blind pipe (110) and second ends connected with the other side of the longitudinal drainage blind pipe (110); when the curved drainage blind pipe (120) is integrally laid, the arrangement density of the first ends is greater than that of the second ends.
6. A visual maintenance type anti-clogging drainage system for road tunnels according to claim 5, wherein the curved drainage blind pipes (120) and the longitudinal drainage blind pipes (110) are water permeable pipes, the upper part of which is water permeable and the lower part of which is water impermeable; the outer surface of the permeable pipe is wrapped with a filter layer.
7. A visual maintenance type road tunnel anti-clogging drainage system according to claim 5, characterized in that the side trench wall drainage holes (130) are arranged at intervals on one side of the longitudinal drainage blind pipe (110) close to the side wall of the tunnel, and the distance between the side trench wall drainage holes (130) is 2 m-5 m.
8. A visual maintenance type road tunnel anti-clogging drainage system according to claim 1, wherein the visual water receiving box (330) comprises a base (3301), a panel (3302), an upper panel fixing plate (3305) and a lower panel fixing plate (3304), the panel (3302) is arranged between the upper panel fixing plate (3305) and the lower panel fixing plate (3304); the base (3301) is fixed on the side wall of the tunnel, forms a certain water storage space with the side wall of the tunnel, and is made of transparent materials; the panel upper fixing plate (3305) and the panel lower fixing plate (3304) are fixed on the base (3301).
9. A visual maintenance type road tunnel anti-clogging drainage system according to claim 8, wherein said combined permeable pipe (310) is a full-permeable curved-grained net-shaped PE flexible combined permeable pipe, comprising a full-permeable outer pipe (3107) of phi 75mm and a full-permeable inner pipe (3106) of phi 50 mm.
10. A visual maintenance type road tunnel anti-clogging drainage system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the outer surface of the water permeable pipe in the side wall blind ditch (360) is provided with a composite waterproof sheet, and the composite waterproof sheet is a PVC composite waterproof sheet (380) with the thickness of 1.5 mm.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE29500454U1 (en) * | 1995-01-13 | 1996-05-15 | Bilfinger + Berger Bauaktiengesellschaft, 68165 Mannheim | Longitudinal drainage system |
| CN101798939A (en) * | 2010-03-17 | 2010-08-11 | 中铁隧道勘测设计院有限公司 | Maintainable tunnel drainage system |
| CN105781614A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-20 | 广东华路交通科技有限公司 | Novel visual operation highway tunnel side wall foot drainage system |
| CN208203349U (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-12-07 | 广东交科检测有限公司 | The netted water-permeable pipe structure of the double-deck bent line of tunnel side ditch well-points dewatering |
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2021
- 2021-03-24 CN CN202110314992.5A patent/CN112922670B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE29500454U1 (en) * | 1995-01-13 | 1996-05-15 | Bilfinger + Berger Bauaktiengesellschaft, 68165 Mannheim | Longitudinal drainage system |
| CN101798939A (en) * | 2010-03-17 | 2010-08-11 | 中铁隧道勘测设计院有限公司 | Maintainable tunnel drainage system |
| CN105781614A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-20 | 广东华路交通科技有限公司 | Novel visual operation highway tunnel side wall foot drainage system |
| CN208203349U (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-12-07 | 广东交科检测有限公司 | The netted water-permeable pipe structure of the double-deck bent line of tunnel side ditch well-points dewatering |
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