CN112873910A - RTM (resin transfer molding) mold design and preparation method of ultrahigh-fiber-content 3D woven bulletproof composite material - Google Patents

RTM (resin transfer molding) mold design and preparation method of ultrahigh-fiber-content 3D woven bulletproof composite material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112873910A
CN112873910A CN202110288696.2A CN202110288696A CN112873910A CN 112873910 A CN112873910 A CN 112873910A CN 202110288696 A CN202110288696 A CN 202110288696A CN 112873910 A CN112873910 A CN 112873910A
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China
Prior art keywords
preparation
composite material
rtm
woven
frame
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CN202110288696.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
史晓平
张国利
陈光伟
张策
张丽青
陈利
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Tianjin Polytechnic University
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Tianjin Polytechnic University
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Priority to CN202110288696.2A priority Critical patent/CN112873910A/en
Publication of CN112873910A publication Critical patent/CN112873910A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
    • B29C70/48—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating the reinforcements in the closed mould, e.g. resin transfer moulding [RTM], e.g. by vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/30—Mounting, exchanging or centering
    • B29C33/301—Modular mould systems [MMS], i.e. moulds built up by stacking mould elements, e.g. plates, blocks, rods
    • B29C33/302—Assembling a large number of mould elements to constitute one cavity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/726—Fabrics

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a design and a preparation method of an RTM (resin transfer molding) mold of a 3D (three-dimensional) woven bulletproof composite material with ultrahigh fiber content. The invention relates to the field of composite material preparation and mechanical design. Due to the integral structure of the 3D woven fabric, the fiber volume content of the 3D woven fabric is lower than that of UD and 2D woven fabrics with the same warp density and weft density; the preparation of RTM composite material is that resin is injected into a closed die cavity filled with a prefabricated body under high pressure, the fiber volume content is high, the resin flow is blocked, and the composite material has the defects of dry spots, bubbles and the like. The invention provides a design and a preparation method of an RTM (resin transfer molding) mold of a 3D woven bulletproof composite material with ultrahigh fiber content, aiming at the problems. Not only the accurate regulation and control of the fiber content of the composite material are realized, but also the high-pressure dynamic sealing is realized, the rapid and sufficient glue injection is realized under the low pressure, and the air bubbles and the redundant resin are discharged under the high pressure. Can not only produce composite material with ultrahigh fiber content, but also improve the production efficiency.

Description

RTM (resin transfer molding) mold design and preparation method of ultrahigh-fiber-content 3D woven bulletproof composite material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the fields of 3D woven preforms, resin, composite materials, mechanical design and processing and the like, in particular to a design and preparation method of an RTM (resin transfer molding) mold of a 3D woven bulletproof composite material with ultrahigh fiber content, which can be used for preparing the 3D woven preform reinforced RTM bulletproof composite material with ultrahigh fiber volume content and provides a preparation method and technology for the application of the 3D woven composite material with high fiber content in the field of bulletproof.
Background
The bulletproof composite material is used as an energy absorption type material and has great difference with decomposition energy type materials such as metal, ceramic and the like. The high-performance fiber-reinforced bulletproof composite material can dissipate the energy of bullets or fragments through the deformation and the damage of the material per se so as to reduce the secondary damage of the bullets or the like to human bodies. Because the mechanical property of the high-performance fiber is far higher than that of the resin matrix, the bulletproof composite material puts high requirements on the fiber content. However, 3D preforms, especially 3D woven preforms, have a large difference in fiber volume content from UD and 2D materials of equivalent warp and weft density due to their special structure.
The preparation method of the RTM composite material is that resin and curing agent are mixed according to a proportion and then injected into a die cavity filled with a prefabricated body under high pressure. Therefore, the preform fiber volume content is too high, adverse effects can be caused to glue injection, on one hand, insufficient glue injection can be caused, on the other hand, the glue injection time can be prolonged, and the production efficiency is greatly reduced.
In the preparation process of the RTM composite material, the higher the glue injection pressure is, the higher the requirement on the sealing performance of the die is. The sealing of the die is not high, local air leakage is possible, a resin channel is formed, the condition that partial areas are rich in resin and partial areas have dry spots is caused, and the performance of the composite material is greatly reduced.
The precision of the composite material preparation comprises the size parameters of the product, the fiber content of the product and the like. Due to temperature change and chemical change in the preparation process of the composite material, the material can be subjected to stretching deformation in different degrees, so that actual products and design parameters come in and go out, the precision of the products needs to be improved, and the precise control of the parameters of the products is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of low fiber volume content, low production efficiency and the like in the existing 3D woven bulletproof composite material, the invention aims to solve the problems in the technology, and thus provides a design and preparation method of an RTM (resin transfer molding) mold of the 3D woven bulletproof composite material with ultrahigh fiber content. The method has strong operability, and can realize the preparation of the 3D woven composite material with the fiber volume content of 65-90%.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a RTM mold design and a preparation method of a 3D woven bulletproof composite material with ultrahigh fiber content are disclosed. According to the method, glue is injected under low fiber content, and the 3D textile composite material with required parameters is finally prepared through a die cavity size regulation module by means of a hot-pressing table after the glue injection is finished. The method for injecting the glue under the condition of low fiber content and the use of the large hot-pressing table greatly improve the production efficiency.
In order to realize accurate regulation and control of the size of a die cavity and glue injection by an RTM (resin transfer molding) method, the RTM die design and preparation method of the 3D woven bulletproof composite material with ultra-high fiber content provided by the invention realize high-pressure dynamic sealing, and the pressure resistance degree can reach 3 MPa. The die cavity height of the die can be adjusted, the accurate control of the thickness of the composite material can be realized by selecting the corresponding limiting device, and the control range can reach 2-6 mm.
The upper surface of the die cavity is provided with a piston device in the die cavity size regulating module, and the cross section size of the piston is consistent with the size of a workpiece.
In order to improve the progress of the finished piece and the durability of the die, the side surface of the die cavity is designed into an integral structure.
The sectional area of the piston device of the die cavity size regulating module is larger than 100mm2The round or square sealing strip enables high-pressure dynamic sealing between the piston block and the side frame, and the pressure-resistant degree can reach 3 MPa.
The lower surface of the die cavity is a bottom plate, and the sectional area between the bottom plate and the side frame is more than 100mm2Sealing with circular or square sealing strips, the edges being formed byThe side frame is connected with the bottom plate through the bolts, and the sealing strips are pressed tightly. In order to facilitate the removal of the mold, the bottom plate is provided with a plurality of jackscrew holes.
In order to enlarge the movable range of the piston device, the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are arranged on the bottom plate. After the resin is injected from the feed inlet, the diversion groove is filled with the resin, and then the prefabricated body is soaked. The discharge port and the feed port are designed basically in accordance, and the feed port and the discharge port are distributed in the middle along the length direction between the feed port and the discharge port.
The limiting device is set according to the parameters of the required parts, and in the preparation process, the upper surface of the limiting block is flush with the upper surface of the piston block or is simultaneously compressed to be considered that the material is pressed in place.
In order to facilitate the carrying of the crown block, symmetrical hoisting holes are designed at all parts of the die.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the method can rapidly inject the resin with low fiber content, and extrude the redundant resin under high pressure by a press or a hot pressing platform to achieve the set parameters and then solidify and form, so that the production efficiency is high; the cross section area is more than 100mm2The sealing strip realizes high-pressure dynamic sealing, thereby realizing the accurate regulation and control of the thickness of the composite material, and the regulation and control range is 2-6 mm; the fiber volume content of the 3D woven preform prepared by the method is lower than 50%, while in the field of bulletproof materials, the fiber volume content directly determines the bulletproof performance of the material to a certain extent, the fiber volume content of the composite material prepared by the method can reach 65-90%, and the method provides help for the application of the 3D woven preform reinforced composite material in the field of bulletproof.
Drawings
The invention is explained in detail below with reference to an embodiment depicted in six figures. Wherein:
fig. 1 is an isometric view of a RTM mold design and method of making an ultra high fiber content 3D woven ballistic composite of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the side frame of the mold of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the side frame of the inventive die;
FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a base plate of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the base plate of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention taken through the center of the inlet and the center of the outlet;
reference numbers in the figures: 1 piston device, 2 upper rubber strip pressing plates, 3 side frames, 4 bottom plates, 5 limiting devices, 301 die cavity side faces, 302 upper rubber strip grooves, 303 upper rubber strip pressing plates and side frame locking holes, 304 side frame hoisting holes, 305 lower rubber strip grooves, 306 side frames and bottom plate locking holes, 401 bottom plate top thread holes, 402 bottom plates and side frame locking holes, 403 feeding holes, 404 bottom plate hoisting holes, 405 discharging hole extending holes, 406 feeding hole extending holes, 407 discharging hole diversion trenches and 408 feeding hole diversion trenches.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the RTM mold design and preparation method of a 3D woven bulletproof composite material with ultra-high fiber content comprises a piston device 1, a strip pressing plate 2, side frames 3, a bottom plate 4, and a limiting device 5, wherein the piston device and the limiting device are unified to form a mold cavity size regulating module. The piston device and the side frame are dynamically sealed by an upper sealing strip under high pressure, and the upper sealing strip is locked by the upper sealing strip plate and the side frame. The bottom end of the side frame is provided with a lower sealing strip which is locked by the bottom edge of the side frame and the bottom plate. The double square sealing strips are sealed up and down, and the pressure resistance degree can reach 3 MPa.
As shown in fig. 2, which is an isometric view of the side frame of the mold, the side of the preform is to be placed against the side of the mold cavity 301. And after the prefabricated body is paved, placing the piston block. An upper sealing strip is arranged in the upper sealing strip groove 302 in a manner of clinging to the piston block, and is locked by an upper sealing strip pressing plate which corresponds to the side frame locking hole 303. The handling process is via side frame lifting holes 304.
Referring to fig. 3, which is a top view of the side frame of the mold of the present invention, before the preform is laid, a square sealing strip is placed in the lower sealing strip groove 305 at the bottom end of the side frame, the locking hole 306 at the bottom end of the side frame, into which the lower sealing strip is placed, corresponds to the locking hole 402 of the bottom plate for chain locking, and then the preform is laid.
Fig. 4 and 5 are an isometric view and a top view of the base plate of the present invention, with the feed port 403 and the discharge port on the base plate to increase the range of motion of the piston block. Because the upper surface of the bottom plate is raised to form the lower surface of the die cavity, the positions of the material inlet and the material outlet are lower, and in order to facilitate the die removal, a material inlet extending hole 406 and a material outlet extending hole 405 are respectively designed at the material inlet and the material outlet. During glue injection, resin enters from the feed port 403, is dispersed through the feed port extension hole 406 and the feed port diversion trench 408 respectively, and finally is discharged from the discharge port 409 through the discharge port diversion trench 407 and the discharge port extension hole respectively. For the convenience of carrying, the bottom plate is provided with symmetrically distributed hoisting holes 404, and for the convenience of mould removal, the bottom plate is provided with symmetrical jackscrew holes 401.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the invention taken through the center of the inlet and the center of the outlet, showing the complete size adjustable mold cavity 301, and details of the design of the inlet, outlet, and seal grooves.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can make modifications and equivalents of the present invention. Any modification, partial replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A design and preparation method of RTM (resin transfer molding) mold of a 3D woven bulletproof composite material with ultrahigh fiber content is characterized by comprising the following steps: the mold mainly comprises a piston block, an adhesive tape pressing plate, a frame, a bottom plate and a limiting block, and the mold cavity size regulating module comprises the piston block and the limiting block.
2. The RTM mold design and preparation method of ultra-high fiber content 3D woven ballistic composite of claim 1, characterized in that: the piston block, the frame and the bottom plate are matched in size, the piston block is embedded in the frame, the protruding portion of the bottom plate is embedded in the frame, and the bottom surface of the piston block, the inner side surface of the frame and the protruding surface of the bottom plate form a closed die cavity in a surrounding mode.
3. The RTM mold design and preparation method of ultra-high fiber content 3D woven ballistic composite of claim 1, characterized in that: and a sealing strip is additionally arranged between the frame and the bottom plate and is locked by an inner hexagon bolt, and a nut is sunken in the bottom plate.
4. The RTM mold design and preparation method of ultra-high fiber content 3D woven ballistic composite of claim 1, characterized in that: the sectional area of the piston block and the frame is more than 100mm2The sealing strip realizes sliding sealing between the piston block and the side frame, and the pressure resistance degree can reach 3 MPa.
5. The RTM mold design and preparation method of ultra-high fiber content 3D woven ballistic composite of claim 1, characterized in that: the sealing strip between the piston block and the frame is locked with the frame through screws by the rubber strip pressing plate, the size of the inner ring of the rubber strip pressing plate is matched with that of the inner ring of the frame, and the outer side of the rubber strip pressing plate is matched with the reserved size of the frame and the size width of the limiting block.
6. The RTM mold design and preparation method of ultra-high fiber content 3D woven ballistic composite of claim 1, characterized in that: the die cavity size regulating and controlling module of the die regulates the height of the piston block by selecting the corresponding limiting block, so that the height of the die cavity is regulated and controlled, the thickness of the composite material is accurately controlled, and the control range can be within 2-6 mm.
7. The RTM mold design and preparation method of ultra-high fiber content 3D woven ballistic composite of claim 1, characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the mold provided with the 3D woven fabric on a 100-500-ton hot-pressing table or other pressure equipment;
(2) injecting glue when the volume content of the fibers in the die cavity is lower than 50% by adopting a large-size limiting device;
(3) after the glue injection is finished, replacing the limiting device with a required size, opening a feed port and a discharge port, adjusting the pressure of a press, and extruding redundant resin until the limiting device is flush with the piston block;
(4) and adjusting the temperature of the press according to the curing process of the resin to finish curing, and keeping the pressure of the pressing table in the curing process.
8. The RTM mold design and preparation method of ultra-high fiber content 3D woven ballistic composite of claim 1, characterized in that: the fiber volume content of the 3D woven fabric reinforced bulletproof composite material with the ultrahigh fiber volume content is 65-90%.
9. The RTM mold design and preparation method of ultra-high fiber content 3D woven ballistic composite of claim 1, characterized in that: the shape of the composite material includes, but is not limited to, regular or irregular two-dimensional flat plates, curved plates of equal thickness, and plates of varying curvature.
CN202110288696.2A 2021-03-18 2021-03-18 RTM (resin transfer molding) mold design and preparation method of ultrahigh-fiber-content 3D woven bulletproof composite material Pending CN112873910A (en)

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CN202110288696.2A CN112873910A (en) 2021-03-18 2021-03-18 RTM (resin transfer molding) mold design and preparation method of ultrahigh-fiber-content 3D woven bulletproof composite material

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110288696.2A CN112873910A (en) 2021-03-18 2021-03-18 RTM (resin transfer molding) mold design and preparation method of ultrahigh-fiber-content 3D woven bulletproof composite material

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230054826A1 (en) * 2021-08-18 2023-02-23 Formosa Plastics Corporation Mold for carbon fiber composite material

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230054826A1 (en) * 2021-08-18 2023-02-23 Formosa Plastics Corporation Mold for carbon fiber composite material

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