CN112858033A - Electric heating shape memory alloy spring performance test system - Google Patents
Electric heating shape memory alloy spring performance test system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112858033A CN112858033A CN202110018779.XA CN202110018779A CN112858033A CN 112858033 A CN112858033 A CN 112858033A CN 202110018779 A CN202110018779 A CN 202110018779A CN 112858033 A CN112858033 A CN 112858033A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0226—High temperature; Heating means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
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Abstract
The invention discloses a performance test system for an electrothermal shape memory alloy spring, which comprises a base, a test device arranged on the base, the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested and a control processor, wherein the test device comprises a test device body and a test device body; the testing device comprises a testing cylinder, a first sliding mechanism and a second sliding mechanism, wherein the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism are positioned on two sides of the testing cylinder; and a dynamometer is also arranged on the second sliding mechanism. After the controller is used for electrifying and heating the to-be-tested electrothermal shape memory alloy spring in the test cylinder, the to-be-tested electrothermal shape memory alloy spring can push the piston to move in the deformation process, so that the acting force is applied to the first sliding mechanism and/or the acting force is applied to the dynamometer on the second sliding mechanism through the ejector rod. The invention can test various mechanical properties of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested and has convenient operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shape memory alloys, in particular to a system for testing the performance of an electrothermal shape memory alloy spring.
Background
Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) is a new type of smart material that undergoes a mechanical shape change at relatively low temperatures, retains its shape, and then returns to its original shape at higher temperatures. Due to the shape memory effect, the shape memory alloy is widely applied to the fields of micro-robots, automobiles, automatic adjusting devices, aerospace, household appliances, daily necessities and the like.
The electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested is a novel shape memory alloy spring. The electric heating shape memory alloy spring to be tested is characterized in that the enameled wire spirally wound on the outer side of the shape memory alloy wire is electrified to generate joule heat so as to activate the shape memory effect of the shape memory alloy, so that the electric heating shape memory alloy spring to be tested is restored to the original shape, and output displacement or restoring force is generated. Compared with the traditional shape memory alloy spring, the heating element such as a heating wire is required to heat fluid such as air, the shape memory alloy is heated in a thermal convection mode, the heating modes of the two are different, the structure of the two is also different, and therefore the existing device for testing the shape memory alloy spring cannot be used for testing the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested. Meanwhile, the existing shape memory alloy spring testing device has the advantages of few testing parameters, single testing item and incapability of realizing automatic measurement in the testing process.
Therefore, it is necessary to design a new testing device to test the thermo-mechanical properties of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to solve the problem that the existing testing device cannot be used for measuring the electrothermal shape memory alloy, and provides a performance testing system for the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring, which can test various performances of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested and is convenient to operate.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a performance test system for an electrothermal shape memory alloy spring comprises a base, a test device arranged on the base, the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested and a control processor;
the testing device comprises a testing cylinder, a first sliding mechanism and a second sliding mechanism, wherein the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism are positioned on two sides of the testing cylinder; the test cylinder, the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism are arranged along the length direction of the base; a dynamometer is also arranged on the second sliding mechanism;
the testing cylinder is fixed on the base, a thermocouple is arranged on the testing cylinder, the sensing end of the thermocouple extends into the testing cylinder, and the thermocouple is connected with the control processor so as to transmit the detected temperature signal to the control processor; the electric heating shape memory alloy spring to be tested is positioned in the testing cylinder, and the axial direction of the electric heating shape memory alloy spring to be tested is consistent with the axial direction of the testing cylinder; two through holes are formed in one side of the testing cylinder, two ends of a heating wire of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested extend out of the two through holes respectively and are connected with the control processor, and the heating wire of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested can be heated through control processing; two ends of the testing cylinder are respectively provided with a piston, and the pistons seal the testing cylinder and are connected with the testing cylinder in a sliding fit manner; a piston at one end of the test cylinder is abutted with the first sliding mechanism through a mandril, a piston at the other end of the test cylinder is abutted with a dynamometer on the second sliding mechanism through the mandril, and the dynamometer is connected with the control processor so as to transmit a detected pressure signal to the control processor; the corresponding positions of the same sides of the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism are respectively provided with a movable grid and a fixed grid of a capacitive grid sensor, and the capacitive grid sensor is also connected with the control processor so as to transmit the detected distance signals to the control processor;
after the controller is used for electrifying and heating the to-be-tested electrothermal shape memory alloy spring in the test cylinder, the to-be-tested electrothermal shape memory alloy spring can push the piston to move in the deformation process, so that the acting force is applied to the first sliding mechanism and/or the acting force is applied to the dynamometer on the second sliding mechanism through the ejector rod.
By arranging the test cylinder, the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism, a movable grid and a fixed grid of the capacitive grid sensor are respectively arranged at corresponding positions on the same side of the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism; the second sliding mechanism is also provided with a dynamometer, and the dynamometers on the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism are respectively connected with the piston through a mandril; therefore, the relation between the temperature and the force, the relation between the temperature and the displacement, and the relation between the temperature and the force and the displacement of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested can be measured through the test cylinder, the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism, an automatic cycle measurement test can be carried out, the rigidity coefficient of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested can be obtained through the data, the test of various mechanical properties of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested is realized, the operation is simple, and the test is accurate.
Further, the first sliding mechanism comprises a sliding rail and a sliding block; and locking devices for fixing the sliding block are also arranged on the sliding block and the sliding rail. Therefore, the moving grid of the capacitive grid sensor can move along with the movement of the sliding block, and the displacement is measured.
Furthermore, locking device is the locking bolt that runs through the slider, and it has the screw hole that runs through the slider to open on the slider, the one end of locking bolt gos deep into this screw hole and links to each other with screw hole screw-thread fit, and this locking bolt can support tightly with the slide rail after passing the slider, like this, can be fixed with the slider, and at this moment, no longer measure the displacement, can test the relation between temperature and the power.
Further, the second sliding mechanism comprises a guide rail, a transmission screw rod and a sliding table which are arranged along the length direction of the base, and a screw rod nut is arranged on the transmission screw rod in a matched manner; a driving motor is arranged on the base at one end of the transmission screw rod, which is far away from the test cylinder, and a motor shaft of the driving motor is connected with the transmission screw rod through a coupler and can drive the transmission screw rod to synchronously rotate; the sliding table is connected with the guide rail in a sliding fit manner and is fixedly connected with the screw rod nut; the dynamometer is mounted on the sliding table; the drive motor is also connected with the control processor. Therefore, the driving motor drives the transmission screw rod to move so as to drive the screw rod nut to move, the position of the dynamometer connected with the screw rod nut is changed, the relation of temperature-force-displacement is convenient to test, the test result can be ensured to be accurate, manual operation is not needed, and the control is simple and convenient.
Furthermore, the motor is a stepping motor with an encoder, so that the control is more accurate.
Furthermore, the two pistons of the test cylinder are respectively provided with a positioning boss, so that after the to-be-tested electrothermal shape memory alloy spring is placed in the test cylinder, the two ends of the to-be-tested electrothermal shape memory alloy spring can be positioned through the positioning bosses on the pistons, the to-be-tested electrothermal shape memory alloy spring can be conveniently placed, and the to-be-tested electrothermal shape memory alloy spring can move along the axial direction of the to-be-tested electrothermal shape memory alloy spring. The piston is sleeved with the sealing ring, so that the sealing performance of the testing cylinder is better, and the testing result is more accurate.
Furthermore, one end of the ejector rod, which is close to the piston, is enlarged to form a butting table, and the butting table is butted against the piston. Therefore, when the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be detected deforms, the piston and the abutting table can accurately transmit the deformation to the detection instrument.
The oil outlet and the oil inlet of the circulating cooling device are correspondingly communicated with the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the testing cylinder; and cooling oil is filled in the circulating cooling device and the testing cylinder. Like this, can make the electric heat shape memory alloy spring that awaits measuring cool off fast through circulative cooling device, be convenient for carry out the experiment next time.
Further, the control processor is also provided with a display screen for displaying the processed data information, so that the processed result can be conveniently read.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
by arranging the test cylinder, the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism, a movable grid and a fixed grid of the capacitive grid sensor are respectively arranged at corresponding positions on the same side of the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism; the second sliding mechanism is also provided with a dynamometer, and the dynamometers on the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism are respectively connected with the piston through a mandril; therefore, the relation between the temperature and the force, the relation between the temperature and the displacement, and the relation between the temperature and the force and the displacement of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested can be measured through the test cylinder, the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism, an automatic cycle measurement test can be carried out, the rigidity coefficient of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested can be obtained through the data, the test of various mechanical properties of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested is realized, the operation is simple, and the test is accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for testing the performance of an electrothermal shape memory alloy spring according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the cartridge of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a control schematic of the test cartridge of FIG. 1.
In the figure: the device comprises a base 1, a testing cylinder 21, a thermocouple 211, an oil inlet 212, an oil outlet 213, a piston 214, a mandril 215, a positioning boss 216, a sealing ring 217, a sliding rail 221, a sliding block 222, a movable grid 223, a locking device 224, a dynamometer 231, a fixed grid 232, a transmission screw 233, a driving motor 234, a sliding table 235, a guide rail 236, a control processor 3 and an electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Example (b):
referring to fig. 1, a system for testing the performance of an electrothermal shape memory alloy spring comprises a base 1, a testing device arranged on the base 1, an electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested, and a control processor 3. The testing device comprises a testing cylinder 21 and a first sliding mechanism and a second sliding mechanism which are positioned on two sides of the testing cylinder 21. The test cartridge 21, the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism are arranged along the length direction of the base 1. A load cell 231 is also provided on the second slide mechanism. Referring to fig. 2, the test cartridge 21 is fixed to the base 1, a thermocouple 211 is provided on the test cartridge 21, a sensing end of the thermocouple 211 extends into the test cartridge 21, and the thermocouple 211 is connected to the control processor 3 to transmit a detected temperature signal to the control processor 3. The electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested is positioned in the testing cylinder 21, and the axial direction of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring is consistent with the axial direction of the testing cylinder 21. Two through holes are arranged on one side of the testing cylinder 21, two ends of the electric heating wire of the electric heating shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested respectively extend out of the two through holes and are connected with the control processor 3, and the electric heating wire of the electric heating shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested can be heated through control processing. In specific implementation, the control principle of the control processor 3 on the heating wire of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested is shown in fig. 3. And two ends of the test cylinder 21 are respectively provided with a piston 214, and the piston 214 seals the test cylinder 21 and is connected with the test cylinder 21 in a sliding fit manner. The piston 214 at one end of the test cartridge 21 abuts against the first sliding mechanism through the push rod 215, the piston 214 at the other end abuts against the load cell 231 on the second sliding mechanism through the push rod 215, and the load cell 231 is connected to the control processor 3 to transmit the detected pressure signal to the control processor 3. The movable grating 223 and the fixed grating 232 of the capacitive grating sensor are respectively arranged at corresponding positions on the same side of the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism, and the capacitive grating sensor is also connected with the control processor 3 to transmit the detected distance signal to the control processor 3. After the controller is used for electrifying and heating the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested in the test cylinder 21, the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested can push the piston 214 to move in the deformation process, so that the acting force is applied to the first sliding mechanism and/or the acting force is applied to the dynamometer 231 on the second sliding mechanism through the ejector rod 215.
The two pistons 214 of the test cylinder 21 are respectively provided with a positioning boss 216, so that after the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested is placed in the test cylinder 21, two ends of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring can be positioned through the positioning bosses 216 on the pistons 214, the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested can be placed conveniently, and the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested can move along the axial direction of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested. The piston 214 is sleeved with a sealing ring 217, so that the sealing performance of the test cylinder 21 is better, and the test result is more accurate. Preferably, the end of the ram 215 near the piston 214 is enlarged to form an abutment that abuts the piston 214. Thus, when the electro-thermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be detected deforms, the piston 214 and the abutting table can accurately transmit the deformation to the detecting instrument.
When the test device is used, the test device further comprises a circulating cooling device, an oil inlet 212 and an oil outlet 213 for circulating oil to enter and exit are formed in the other side of the test cylinder 21, and the oil outlet 213 and the oil inlet 212 of the circulating cooling device are correspondingly communicated with the oil inlet 212 and the oil outlet 213 of the test cylinder 21; the circulating cooling device and the test cylinder 21 are filled with cooling oil. Therefore, the electric heating shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested can be rapidly cooled through the circulating cooling device, and the next experiment is convenient to carry out. Preferably, a circulating pump and an electromagnetic directional valve are arranged between the oil inlet 212 and the oil outlet 213, and a throttle valve is arranged at the oil outlet 213, so that oil is supplied to the test cylinder 21 through the circulating pump. An adjustable hydraulic pump and a micro flow pump can be connected to the oil inlet 212, so that the oil supply speed can be adjusted and the flow of the circulating oil can be controlled conveniently. An electromagnetic overflow valve is further arranged between the oil inlet 212 and the oil outlet 213, and unloading can be achieved through the electromagnetic overflow valve, so that rapid oil discharge is achieved.
In specific implementation, the first sliding mechanism includes a sliding rail 221 and a sliding block 222. A locking device 224 for fixing the slider 222 is further provided on the slider 222 and the slide rail 221. In this way, the moving gate 223 of the capacitive gate sensor can move along with the movement of the slider 222, thereby realizing the measurement of the displacement. Preferably, the locking device 224 is a locking bolt penetrating through the slider 222, a threaded hole penetrating through the slider 222 is formed in the slider 222, one end of the locking bolt penetrates into the threaded hole and is in threaded fit with the threaded hole, and the locking bolt penetrates through the slider 222 and can be abutted against the sliding rail 221, so that the slider 222 can be fixed, at the moment, the displacement is not measured, and the relationship between the temperature and the force can be tested.
In specific implementation, the second sliding mechanism includes a guide rail 236, a transmission screw 233 and a sliding table 235 arranged along the length direction of the base 1, and a screw nut is arranged on the transmission screw 233 in a matching manner. A driving motor 234 is mounted on the base 1 at one end of the transmission screw 233 far away from the test cartridge 21, and a motor shaft of the driving motor 234 is connected with the transmission screw 233 through a coupler and can drive the transmission screw 233 to rotate synchronously. The sliding table 235 is connected with the guide rail 236 in a sliding fit manner and fixedly connected with the lead screw nut. The load cell 231 is mounted on the slide table 235. The drive motor 234 is also connected to the control processor 3. Thus, the control processor 3 can control the rotation speed of the driving motor 234, the driving motor 234 rotates to drive the transmission screw 233 to move so as to drive the screw nut to move, the position of the dynamometer 231 connected with the screw nut is changed, the temperature-force-displacement relation can be conveniently tested, the test result can be ensured to be accurate, manual operation is not needed, and the control is simple and convenient. Preferably, the motor is a stepping motor with an encoder, so that the control is more accurate.
In specific implementation, the control processor 3 further has a display screen for displaying the processed data information, so that the processed result can be conveniently read.
The method for testing the performance of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested by adopting the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring performance testing system comprises the following steps:
1. temperature-force experiment of electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested
The drive motor 234 drives the drive screw 233 to rotate, the dynamometer 231 is fixed at a proper position, and the slider 222 and the slide rail 221 of the first sliding mechanism are locked by the locking bolt. At this time, the piston 214 connected to the first slide mechanism via the plunger 215 contacts the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be measured without generating a force, and the piston 215 connected to the load cell 231 contacts the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be measured without generating a force. An electromagnetic reversing valve between the oil inlet 212 and the oil outlet 213 and a throttle valve at the oil outlet 213 are in a closed state, and oil is injected into the test cylinder 2 to form a semi-closed oil cavity in the test cylinder 2. Then the controller 3 is used for electrifying and heating the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be measured, the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be measured pushes the piston 214 connected with the dynamometer 231 after being heated and stretched, and drives the mandril 215 connected with the piston to act on the dynamometer 231, and the output force of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be measured at the temperature is measured. After one set of experiment is completed, the throttle valve at the oil outlet 213 is opened, the high-temperature oil is discharged out of the test cylinder 2 under the driving of the circulating pump, and the temperature of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested can be rapidly cooled, so that the next set of experiment can be conveniently carried out. Heating the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be measured to different temperatures can measure the output force of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be measured at different temperatures.
2. Temperature-displacement experiment of electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested
The driving motor 234 drives the transmission screw 233 to rotate, the dynamometer 231 is fixed at a proper position, the piston 214 connected with the dynamometer 231 is in contact with the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested at the moment, the slide block 222 and the slide rail 221 of the first sliding mechanism are loosened to enable the slide block 222 to freely slide on the slide rail 221, then the controller 3 is used for electrifying and heating the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested, and the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested pushes the piston 214 connected with the slide block 222 after being heated and extended, so that the slide block 222 moves in a direction away from the test cylinder 21. Because the movable grid 223 of the capacitive grid sensor is arranged on the slider 222, the displacement generated by the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested can be obtained according to the capacitance change between the fixed grid 232 and the movable grid 223, so that the relationship between the temperature and the displacement of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested can be obtained. After one set of experiment is completed, the throttle valve at the oil outlet 213 of the test cylinder 2 is opened, the high-temperature oil is discharged out of the test cylinder 2 under the driving of the circulating oil pump, and the temperature of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested can be rapidly cooled, so that the next set of experiment is conveniently carried out.
3. Temperature-force-displacement experiment of electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested
The slider 222 and the slide rail 221 of the first slide mechanism are locked by the lock bolt, and the drive motor 234 drives the force gauge 231 to move, so that the abutment stage of the jack 215 connected to the force gauge 231 is in contact with the piston 214 without generating a force, and the abutment stage of the jack 215 connected to the force gauge 231 is at an initial position (measured by the movable fence 223 provided on the slide table 235). The sliding table 235 is driven to move towards the direction of the testing cylinder 21 by controlling the driving motor 234 (the moving displacement is larger than the maximum elongation of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested), then the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested is electrically heated by the controller 3, when the temperature reaches a set value, the driving motor 234 is controlled to drive the sliding table 235 to continue to move towards the direction of the testing cylinder 21, the force meter 231 records the force, the movable grid 223 and the fixed grid 232 start to record the displacement, and when the abutting table of the ejector rod 215 connected with the force meter 231 reaches the initial position, the experiment is finished. And obtaining the temperature-force-displacement relation of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested. After a set of experiments is completed, the throttle valve at the oil outlet 213 of the test cylinder 2 is opened, high-temperature oil is discharged out of the test cylinder 2 under the driving of the circulating pump, and the temperature of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring 4 to be tested can be rapidly cooled, so that the next set of experiments can be conveniently carried out. Each set of experiments was performed at fixed temperature increments (e.g., 20 deg.C, 30 deg.C, 40 deg.C, 50 deg.C).
Restoring force F generated by the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested under the condition of axial displacement FrComprises the following steps:
the rigidity coefficient k of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be measured is obtained by deriving the axial displacement f in the upper modesComprises the following steps:
in the formula, the stiffness coefficient ksIs a nonlinear function related to the shearing modulus G (xi), and the shearing modulus G (xi) is a function taking temperature as an independent variable, so that the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested has different stiffness coefficients k at different temperaturess. When the temperature is a fixed value, the crystalline phase of the shape memory alloy spring is in a stable state, and it can be assumed that the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be measured obeys the linear spring characteristic. When the temperature is a fixed value, the rigidity coefficient k of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be measuredsCan be simplified to ks＝FrAnd/f. Therefore, the force-displacement response data obtained through the temperature-force-displacement experiment can be calculated, and the rigidity coefficient k of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be measured at different temperatures can be calculateds。
Therefore, the relation between the temperature and the force, the relation between the temperature and the displacement, and the relation between the temperature and the force and the displacement of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested can be measured through the test cylinder, the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism, an automatic cycle measurement test can be carried out, the rigidity coefficient of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested can be obtained through the data, the test of various mechanical properties of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested can be realized, the operation is simple, and the test is accurate.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the technical solutions, and those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all that should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A performance test system for an electrothermal shape memory alloy spring is characterized by comprising a base, a test device arranged on the base, the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested and a control processor;
the testing device comprises a testing cylinder, a first sliding mechanism and a second sliding mechanism, wherein the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism are positioned on two sides of the testing cylinder; the test cylinder, the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism are arranged along the length direction of the base; a dynamometer is also arranged on the second sliding mechanism;
the testing cylinder is fixed on the base, a thermocouple is arranged on the testing cylinder, the sensing end of the thermocouple extends into the testing cylinder, and the thermocouple is connected with the control processor so as to transmit the detected temperature signal to the control processor; the electric heating shape memory alloy spring to be tested is positioned in the testing cylinder, and the axial direction of the electric heating shape memory alloy spring to be tested is consistent with the axial direction of the testing cylinder; two through holes are formed in one side of the testing cylinder, two ends of a heating wire of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested extend out of the two through holes respectively and are connected with the control processor, and the heating wire of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring to be tested can be heated through control processing; two ends of the testing cylinder are respectively provided with a piston, and the pistons seal the testing cylinder and are connected with the testing cylinder in a sliding fit manner; a piston at one end of the test cylinder is abutted with the first sliding mechanism through a mandril, a piston at the other end of the test cylinder is abutted with a dynamometer on the second sliding mechanism through the mandril, and the dynamometer is connected with the control processor so as to transmit a detected pressure signal to the control processor; the corresponding positions of the same sides of the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism are respectively provided with a movable grid and a fixed grid of a capacitive grid sensor, and the capacitive grid sensor is also connected with the control processor so as to transmit the detected distance signals to the control processor;
after the controller is used for electrifying and heating the to-be-tested electrothermal shape memory alloy spring in the test cylinder, the to-be-tested electrothermal shape memory alloy spring can push the piston to move in the deformation process, so that the acting force is applied to the first sliding mechanism and/or the acting force is applied to the dynamometer on the second sliding mechanism through the ejector rod.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the first sliding mechanism comprises a slide rail and a slider; and locking devices for fixing the sliding block are also arranged on the sliding block and the sliding rail.
3. The system for testing the performance of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring according to claim 2, wherein the locking device is a locking bolt penetrating through the slider, a threaded hole penetrating through the slider is formed in the slider, one end of the locking bolt penetrates into the threaded hole and is in threaded fit with the threaded hole, and the locking bolt can be abutted against the slide rail after penetrating through the slider.
4. The system for testing the performance of an electrothermal shape memory alloy spring according to claim 1, wherein the second sliding mechanism comprises a guide rail, a transmission screw rod and a sliding table which are arranged along the length direction of the base, and a screw rod nut is arranged on the transmission screw rod in a matching way; a driving motor is arranged on the base at one end of the transmission screw rod, which is far away from the test cylinder, and a motor shaft of the driving motor is connected with the transmission screw rod through a coupler and can drive the transmission screw rod to synchronously rotate; the sliding table is connected with the guide rail in a sliding fit manner and is fixedly connected with the screw rod nut; the dynamometer is mounted on the sliding table; the drive motor is also connected with the control processor.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the motor is an encoder-based stepper motor.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the two pistons of the testing cylinder are respectively provided with a positioning boss, and the pistons are sleeved with a sealing ring.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the ends of the two pins adjacent to the piston are respectively enlarged to form abutting platforms, and the abutting platforms abut against the piston.
8. The system for testing the performance of the electrothermal shape memory alloy spring according to claim 1, further comprising a circulating cooling device, wherein an oil inlet and an oil outlet for circulating oil to enter and exit are formed in the other side of the testing cylinder, and the oil outlet and the oil inlet of the circulating cooling device are correspondingly communicated with the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the testing cylinder; and cooling oil is filled in the circulating cooling device and the testing cylinder.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the control processor further comprises a display screen for displaying processed data information.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110018779.XA CN112858033A (en) | 2021-01-07 | 2021-01-07 | Electric heating shape memory alloy spring performance test system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110018779.XA CN112858033A (en) | 2021-01-07 | 2021-01-07 | Electric heating shape memory alloy spring performance test system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112858033A true CN112858033A (en) | 2021-05-28 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113340735A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-09-03 | 吉林大学 | Self-sensing elastic energy storage and ejection release testing device for superelastic memory alloy wire |
| CN113730837A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-12-03 | 西安交通大学 | Rescue expanding device and method based on shape memory alloy |
| CN114166382A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-11 | 上海交通大学 | Gastrointestinal tract micro-robot motion mechanics testing system |
| CN115655677A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2023-01-31 | 北京深空动力科技有限公司 | Equal-rigidity measuring device and method for driving performance of shape memory alloy tube |
| CN117576870A (en) * | 2024-01-15 | 2024-02-20 | 成都车晓科技有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted monitoring battery monitoring system |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113340735A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-09-03 | 吉林大学 | Self-sensing elastic energy storage and ejection release testing device for superelastic memory alloy wire |
| CN113340735B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2022-07-01 | 吉林大学 | Self-sensing elastic energy storage and ejection release testing device for superelastic memory alloy wire |
| CN113730837A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-12-03 | 西安交通大学 | Rescue expanding device and method based on shape memory alloy |
| CN113730837B (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2022-04-22 | 西安交通大学 | Rescue expanding device and method based on shape memory alloy |
| CN114166382A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-11 | 上海交通大学 | Gastrointestinal tract micro-robot motion mechanics testing system |
| CN115655677A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2023-01-31 | 北京深空动力科技有限公司 | Equal-rigidity measuring device and method for driving performance of shape memory alloy tube |
| CN115655677B (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2024-01-09 | 北京深空动力科技有限公司 | Equal stiffness measurement device and method for driving performance of shape memory alloy tube |
| CN117576870A (en) * | 2024-01-15 | 2024-02-20 | 成都车晓科技有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted monitoring battery monitoring system |
| CN117576870B (en) * | 2024-01-15 | 2024-04-09 | 成都车晓科技有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted monitoring battery monitoring system |
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