CN112795807B - Low-cost aluminum substrate photovoltaic solder strip and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Low-cost aluminum substrate photovoltaic solder strip and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112795807B
CN112795807B CN202110220454.XA CN202110220454A CN112795807B CN 112795807 B CN112795807 B CN 112795807B CN 202110220454 A CN202110220454 A CN 202110220454A CN 112795807 B CN112795807 B CN 112795807B
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pipe
aluminum core
spraying
strip
belt pulley
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CN112795807A (en
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崔振荣
赵志平
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Anhui Baode Photovoltaic Technology Co ltd
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Anhui Baode Photovoltaic Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
    • C01B32/182—Graphene
    • C01B32/184—Preparation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • C22C1/1047—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/123—Spraying molten metal

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-cost aluminum substrate photovoltaic welding strip which comprises an aluminum core, an outer copper strip and a tin layer; the outer wall of the aluminum core is sleeved with an outer wrapping copper strip through a cladding device, and the outer wall of the outer wrapping copper strip is sprayed with a tin layer through a spraying and drying device; the hollow tube rotates, and the winding wheel also rotates along with the hollow tube, so that the outer wrapping copper strip is uniformly sleeved on the aluminum core; the coated aluminum core enters a spraying and drying device, firstly, tin liquid is input into an inner cavity of a spraying pipe along a feeding pipe, is sprayed out from a spray hole and is fully sprayed on the side wall of the outer coated copper strip; the aluminum core attached with the tin liquor enters a heating pipe, and an electric heating coil heats the aluminum core to ensure that the tin liquor is solidified on the copper-clad belt to form a tin layer; obtaining a photovoltaic welding strip semi-finished product, and then drawing the photovoltaic welding strip semi-finished product to form a base layer; thereby preparing the photovoltaic solder strip; the invention carries out automatic processing treatment on the photovoltaic welding strip, greatly improves the production efficiency and saves the production and manufacturing cost.

Description

Low-cost aluminum substrate photovoltaic solder strip and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum base material photovoltaic solder strips, relates to a photovoltaic solder strip and a preparation method thereof, and particularly relates to a low-cost aluminum base material photovoltaic solder strip and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The solder strip is mainly used for welding between the cell panels in photovoltaic construction.
The comparison document CN109728118A discloses a low current solder strip, which is flat or circular in cross section, and includes a base layer and a tin layer, where the base layer includes an aluminum core and an outer copper cladding on the surface of the aluminum core. The invention adopts copper-clad aluminum alloy to replace pure copper to be used as the low-current welding strip in the photovoltaic industry for the first time, so that the cost is greatly reduced, the preparation is simple, the electric conductivity, the tensile strength and the elongation rate of the low-current welding strip are reduced little under the experimental environment, the weight of the prepared welding strip is small within the usable range, the large-scale transportation and the transportation are convenient, and the enterprise cost is greatly reduced.
In the prior art, in the preparation process of the photovoltaic solder strip, the coating process and the tinning process are separated, and the connectivity between the coating process and the tinning process is insufficient, so that the preparation efficiency of the photovoltaic solder strip is influenced, and the production cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, in the preparation process of a photovoltaic solder strip, a coating process and a tinning process are separated, and the connection between the coating process and the tinning process is insufficient, so that the preparation efficiency of the photovoltaic solder strip is influenced, and the production cost is increased, and provides a low-cost aluminum substrate photovoltaic solder strip and a preparation method thereof.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a low-cost aluminum substrate photovoltaic solder strip comprises an aluminum core, an outer copper strip and a tin layer;
the outer wall of the aluminum core is sleeved with an outer wrapping copper strip through a cladding device, and the outer wall of the outer wrapping copper strip is sprayed with a tin layer through a spraying and drying device;
the preparation method of the low-cost aluminum substrate photovoltaic solder strip comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: adding an aluminum material into a smelting furnace, adding graphene at the temperature of 700-;
the preparation process of the graphene comprises the following steps:
s1, adding graphite powder, potassium persulfate and phosphorus pentoxide into concentrated sulfuric acid, and stirring at 80 ℃ for 4 hours; obtaining a mixture A; controlling the mass ratio of the graphite powder to the potassium persulfate to the phosphorus pentoxide to the concentrated sulfuric acid to be 3-5:4-5:4-5: 11-13;
s2, cooling the mixture A to room temperature, mixing the mixture A with deionized water, and stirring the mixture A and the deionized water for 10 hours at the temperature of 0 ℃ to obtain a mixture B; filtering the mixture B, washing by using deionized water, and drying to obtain a solid C; controlling the mass ratio of the mixture A to the deionized water to be 20-30: 1000;
s3, dispersing the solid C in concentrated sulfuric acid, adding potassium permanganate in batches five times, and stirring for 2 hours at the temperature of 35 ℃ to obtain slurry D; the mass ratio of the C solid to the concentrated sulfuric acid to the potassium permanganate is controlled to be 10-12: 340-;
s4, cooling the slurry D to room temperature, adding deionized water, stirring for 2 hours at 0 ℃, and then adding a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30%, wherein bubbles are generated; controlling the mass ratio of the D slurry, the deionized water and the hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30% as 390-420: 300-320: 10-12;
s5, after bubbles are generated, adding the mixture into a centrifugal tube, and centrifuging and washing the mixture for 5 times by using hydrochloric acid with the volume fraction of 10%, wherein the centrifugation condition is 5000 r/min, and centrifuging the mixture for 15 min; then centrifugal washing is carried out for 10 times by using deionized water, the centrifugal condition is 10000 r/min, and 30min is obtained through centrifugation; freeze-drying the washed product to obtain graphene;
the second step is that: sequentially penetrating the aluminum core through the hollow pipe, the fixing ring, the spraying pipe and the heating pipe, rotating the rotating handle to drive the screw rod to rotate along the fixing ring, adjusting each group of limiting blocks to move towards the aluminum core, and clamping the aluminum core; then the aluminum core is moved forward along a straight line;
thirdly, starting a driving motor to work to drive a driving belt pulley to rotate, driving the driving belt pulley to drive a driven belt pulley to rotate through a belt, so that the hollow pipe rotates, and a winding wheel also rotates along with the hollow pipe, thereby uniformly sleeving the outer copper-clad belt on the aluminum core;
fourthly, the coated aluminum core enters a spraying and drying device, firstly, tin liquid is input into the inner cavity of a spraying pipe along a feeding pipe and sprayed out of a spray hole to be sprayed on the side wall of the outer coated copper strip comprehensively; the aluminum core attached with the tin liquor enters a heating pipe, and an electric heating coil heats the aluminum core to ensure that the tin liquor is solidified on the copper-clad belt to form a tin layer; obtaining a photovoltaic welding strip semi-finished product, and then drawing the photovoltaic welding strip semi-finished product to form a base layer; thereby preparing the photovoltaic solder strip.
Preferably, cladding device, stop device and spraying drying device set up side by side, and cladding device, stop device and spraying drying device all install on the top surface of base through the bracing piece.
Preferably, the cladding device comprises a bearing seat, a hollow pipe, a connecting rod, a winding wheel and a driving mechanism; the cover is equipped with the bearing frame on the outer wall of hollow tube, and the bearing frame is installed on the bracing piece, and the one end that the hollow tube is close to stop device is provided with the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is L shape structure, and the horizontal part of connecting rod is provided with around the rolling wheel, is provided with the outsourcing copper strips on the rolling wheel, and actuating mechanism's output and hollow tube are connected.
Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor, a driving belt pulley and a driven belt pulley, the driving motor is installed on the base, the output end of the driving motor is connected with the driving belt pulley, the driving belt pulley is connected with the driven belt pulley through a belt, and the driven belt pulley is sleeved on the outer wall of the hollow pipe.
Preferably, the limiting device comprises a fixing ring, a rotating handle, a screw, a U-shaped frame, a connecting shaft and a limiting block; the fixed ring is installed on the bracing piece, and the annular array is provided with four group's screw holes on fixed ring's the outer wall, and the screw rod runs through the screw hole to with fixed ring threaded connection, the one end and the turning handle of screw rod are connected, the other end and the U type frame of screw rod are connected, and the connecting axle is installed to U type frame internal rotation, and the cover is equipped with the stopper on the connecting axle.
Preferably, the limiting block is composed of a square block and a spherical block, the square block is sleeved on the connecting shaft, and the spherical block is sleeved on the spherical block.
Preferably, the spraying and drying device comprises a heating pipe, an electric heating coil, a connecting pipe, an external thread, a spraying pipe, a feeding pipe and a spraying hole; the one end of connecting pipe and the one end threaded connection of connecting pipe, the other end and the spray tube threaded connection of connecting pipe, the inner wall of heating pipe is provided with electric heating coil, the lateral wall of spray tube is hollow structure, and the top of spray tube is provided with the inlet pipe to with the inlet pipe intercommunication, the inner wall of spray tube evenly is provided with the multiunit orifice, the spray tube is dismantled and is installed on the bracing piece.
Preferably, the two ends of the connecting pipe are respectively provided with an external thread, and the inner walls of the heating pipe and the spraying pipe are provided with internal threads matched with the external threads.
A preparation method of a low-cost aluminum substrate photovoltaic solder strip comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: adding an aluminum material into a smelting furnace, adding graphene at the temperature of 700-;
the preparation process of the graphene comprises the following steps:
s1, adding graphite powder, potassium persulfate and phosphorus pentoxide into concentrated sulfuric acid, and stirring at 80 ℃ for 4 hours; obtaining a mixture A; controlling the mass ratio of the graphite powder to the potassium persulfate to the phosphorus pentoxide to the concentrated sulfuric acid to be 3-5:4-5:4-5: 11-13;
s2, cooling the mixture A to room temperature, mixing the mixture A with deionized water, and stirring the mixture A and the deionized water for 10 hours at the temperature of 0 ℃ to obtain a mixture B; filtering the mixture B, washing by using deionized water, and drying to obtain a solid C; controlling the mass ratio of the mixture A to the deionized water to be 20-30: 1000;
s3, dispersing the solid C in concentrated sulfuric acid, adding potassium permanganate in batches five times, and stirring for 2 hours at the temperature of 35 ℃ to obtain slurry D; the mass ratio of the C solid to the concentrated sulfuric acid to the potassium permanganate is controlled to be 10-12: 340-;
s4, cooling the slurry D to room temperature, adding deionized water, stirring for 2 hours at 0 ℃, and then adding a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30%, wherein bubbles are generated; controlling the mass ratio of the D slurry, the deionized water and the hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30% as 390-420: 300-320: 10-12;
s5, after bubbles are generated, adding the mixture into a centrifugal tube, and centrifuging and washing the mixture for 5 times by using hydrochloric acid with the volume fraction of 10%, wherein the centrifugation condition is 5000 r/min, and centrifuging the mixture for 15 min; then centrifugal washing is carried out for 10 times by using deionized water, the centrifugal condition is 10000 r/min, and 30min is obtained through centrifugation; freeze-drying the washed product to obtain graphene;
the second step is that: sequentially penetrating the aluminum core through the hollow pipe, the fixing ring, the spraying pipe and the heating pipe, rotating the rotating handle to drive the screw rod to rotate along the fixing ring, adjusting each group of limiting blocks to move towards the aluminum core, and clamping the aluminum core; then the aluminum core is moved forward along a straight line;
thirdly, starting a driving motor to work to drive a driving belt pulley to rotate, driving the driving belt pulley to drive a driven belt pulley to rotate through a belt, so that the hollow pipe rotates, and a winding wheel also rotates along with the hollow pipe, thereby uniformly sleeving the outer copper-clad belt on the aluminum core;
fourthly, the coated aluminum core enters a spraying and drying device, firstly, tin liquid is input into the inner cavity of a spraying pipe along a feeding pipe and sprayed out of a spray hole to be sprayed on the side wall of the outer coated copper strip comprehensively; the aluminum core attached with the tin liquor enters a heating pipe, and an electric heating coil heats the aluminum core to ensure that the tin liquor is solidified on the copper-clad belt to form a tin layer; obtaining a photovoltaic welding strip semi-finished product, and then drawing the photovoltaic welding strip semi-finished product to form a base layer; thereby preparing the photovoltaic solder strip.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the graphene is doped in the aluminum core, so that the flexibility of the aluminum core can be changed, the aluminum core is not easy to break, and meanwhile, the advantages of the conductivity and the heat dissipation of the aluminum core are improved;
sequentially penetrating the aluminum core through the hollow pipe, the fixing ring, the spraying pipe and the heating pipe, rotating the rotating handle to drive the screw rod to rotate along the fixing ring, adjusting each group of limiting blocks to move towards the aluminum core, and clamping the aluminum core; then the aluminum core is moved forward along a straight line; the limiting device can limit aluminum cores with different diameters, so that photovoltaic welding strips with different production processes can be processed, and the applicability of equipment is improved;
starting a driving motor to work to drive a driving belt pulley to rotate, driving the driving belt pulley to drive a driven belt pulley to rotate through a belt, so that the hollow pipe rotates, and a winding wheel also rotates along with the hollow pipe, thereby uniformly sleeving the outer-coated copper strip on the aluminum core; the cladding device is mainly characterized in that the winding wheel is arranged on the hollow pipe through the connecting rod, so that the low-aluminum core can be wrapped with the copper strip under the working of the driving mechanism, and the cladding device has the advantages of simple structure and uniform cladding;
the coated aluminum core enters a spraying and drying device, firstly, tin liquid is input into an inner cavity of a spraying pipe along a feeding pipe, is sprayed out from a spray hole and is fully sprayed on the side wall of the outer coated copper strip; the aluminum core attached with the tin liquor enters a heating pipe, and an electric heating coil heats the aluminum core to ensure that the tin liquor is solidified on the copper-clad belt to form a tin layer; thereby preparing the photovoltaic solder strip; the spraying and drying device provided by the invention realizes the integrated work of spraying and drying the aluminum core, has the advantages of simple structure of spraying and drying processes and high working efficiency, and is effectively combined with the coating device, so that the photovoltaic welding strip is automatically processed, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the production and manufacturing cost is saved.
Drawings
In order to facilitate understanding for those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a photovoltaic solder strip of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection relationship of the coating device, the limiting device and the spraying and drying device.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the limiting device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the spraying and drying device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a base; 2. an aluminum core; 3. a support bar; 4. a bearing seat; 5. a hollow tube; 6. a connecting rod; 7. a winding wheel; 8. a limiting device; 9. a spraying and drying device; 10. a fixing ring; 11. a handle is rotated; 12. a screw; 13. a U-shaped frame; 14. a connecting shaft; 15. a limiting block; 16. heating a tube; 17. an electric heating coil; 18. a connecting pipe; 19. an external thread; 20. a spray pipe; 21. a feed pipe; 22. spraying a hole; 23. wrapping a copper strip outside; 24. and a tin layer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-4, a low-cost aluminum substrate photovoltaic solder strip includes an aluminum core 2, an outer copper clad strip 23, and a tin layer 24;
the outer wall of the aluminum core 2 is sleeved with an outer-coated copper strip 23 through a coating device, and the outer wall of the outer-coated copper strip 23 is sprayed with a tin layer 24 through a spraying and drying device 9;
cladding device, stop device 8 and spraying drying device 9 set up side by side, and cladding device, stop device 8 and spraying drying device 9 all install on the top surface of base 1 through bracing piece 3.
The cladding device comprises a bearing seat 4, a hollow pipe 5, a connecting rod 6, a winding wheel 7 and a driving mechanism; the cover is equipped with bearing frame 4 on hollow tube 5's the outer wall, and bearing frame 4 installs on bracing piece 3, and hollow tube 5 is close to stop device 8's one end and is provided with connecting rod 6, and connecting rod 6 is L shape structure, and the horizontal part of connecting rod 6 is provided with around take-up pulley 7, is provided with outsourcing copper strips 23 on the take-up pulley 7, and actuating mechanism's output is connected with hollow tube 5.
The driving mechanism comprises a driving motor, a driving belt pulley and a driven belt pulley, the driving motor is arranged on the base 1, the output end of the driving motor is connected with the driving belt pulley, the driving belt pulley is connected with the driven belt pulley through a belt, and the driven belt pulley is sleeved on the outer wall of the hollow pipe 5; starting a driving motor to work to drive a driving belt pulley to rotate, driving the driving belt pulley to drive a driven belt pulley to rotate through a belt, so that the hollow pipe 5 rotates, and the winding wheel 7 also rotates along with the driving belt pulley, so that the outer copper belt 23 is uniformly sleeved on the aluminum core 2; the cladding device of the invention is mainly characterized in that the winding wheel 7 is arranged on the hollow tube 5 through the connecting rod 6, thus the low-aluminum core 2 can be clad with the copper strip 23 under the work of the driving mechanism, and the cladding device has the advantages of simple structure and uniform cladding.
The limiting device 8 comprises a fixing ring 10, a rotating handle 11, a screw 12, a U-shaped frame 13, a connecting shaft 14 and a limiting block 15; the fixing ring 10 is installed on the supporting rod 3, four groups of threaded holes are formed in the outer wall of the fixing ring 10 in an annular array mode, the screw rods 12 penetrate through the threaded holes and are in threaded connection with the fixing ring 10, one ends of the screw rods 12 are connected with the rotating handle 11, the other ends of the screw rods 12 are connected with the U-shaped frame 13, the connecting shaft 14 is installed in the U-shaped frame 13 in a rotating mode, and the limiting blocks 15 are sleeved on the connecting shaft 14; the aluminum core 2 sequentially passes through the hollow tube 5, the fixing ring 10, the spraying tube 20 and the heating tube 16, the rotating handle 11 is rotated to drive the screw 12 to rotate along the fixing ring 10, and each group of limiting blocks 15 is adjusted to move towards the aluminum core 2 and clamp the aluminum core 2; then the aluminum core 2 is moved forward along a straight line; the limiting device 8 can limit the aluminum cores 2 with different diameters, so that photovoltaic welding strips with different production processes can be processed, and the applicability of equipment is improved.
The limiting block 15 is composed of a square block and a spherical block, the square block is sleeved on the connecting shaft 14, and the spherical block is sleeved on the spherical block.
The spraying and drying device 9 comprises a heating pipe 16, an electric heating coil 17, a connecting pipe 18, an external thread 19, a spraying pipe 20, a feeding pipe 21 and a spray hole 22; one end of the connecting pipe 18 is in threaded connection with one end of the connecting pipe 18, the other end of the connecting pipe 18 is in threaded connection with the spraying pipe 20, the inner wall of the heating pipe 16 is provided with an electric heating coil 17, the side wall of the spraying pipe 20 is of a hollow structure, the top of the spraying pipe 20 is provided with a feeding pipe 21 and is communicated with the feeding pipe 21, the inner wall of the spraying pipe 20 is uniformly provided with a plurality of groups of spray holes 22, and the spraying pipe 20 is detachably mounted on the supporting rod 3; the spraying and drying device 9 provided by the invention realizes the integrated work of spraying and drying the aluminum core 2, and has the advantages of simple structure of spraying and drying processes and high working efficiency, and the spraying and drying device 9 is effectively combined with the cladding device, so that the photovoltaic welding strip is automatically processed, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the production and manufacturing cost is saved.
The two ends of the connecting pipe 18 are respectively provided with an external thread 19, and the inner walls of the heating pipe 16 and the spraying pipe 20 are provided with internal threads matched with the external thread 19.
A preparation method of a low-cost aluminum substrate photovoltaic solder strip comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: adding an aluminum material into a smelting furnace, adding graphene at 700 ℃ for mixing, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain an aluminum core 2;
the preparation process of the graphene comprises the following steps:
s1, adding graphite powder, potassium persulfate and phosphorus pentoxide into concentrated sulfuric acid, and stirring at 80 ℃ for 4 hours; obtaining a mixture A; controlling the mass ratio of the graphite powder to the potassium persulfate to the phosphorus pentoxide to the concentrated sulfuric acid to be 3:4:4: 11;
s2, cooling the mixture A to room temperature, mixing the mixture A with deionized water, and stirring the mixture A and the deionized water for 10 hours at the temperature of 0 ℃ to obtain a mixture B; filtering the mixture B, washing by using deionized water, and drying to obtain a solid C; controlling the mass ratio of the mixture A to the deionized water to be 20: 1000;
s3, dispersing the solid C in concentrated sulfuric acid, adding potassium permanganate in batches five times, and stirring for 2 hours at the temperature of 35 ℃ to obtain slurry D; controlling the mass ratio of the C solid to the concentrated sulfuric acid to the potassium permanganate to be 10:340: 40;
s4, cooling the slurry D to room temperature, adding deionized water, stirring for 2 hours at 0 ℃, and then adding a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30%, wherein bubbles are generated; controlling the mass ratio of the D slurry to the deionized water to the hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30% to be 390: 300: 10;
s5, after bubbles are generated, adding the mixture into a centrifugal tube, and centrifuging and washing the mixture for 5 times by using hydrochloric acid with the volume fraction of 10%, wherein the centrifugation condition is 5000 r/min, and centrifuging the mixture for 15 min; then centrifugal washing is carried out for 10 times by using deionized water, the centrifugal condition is 10000 r/min, and 30min is obtained through centrifugation; freeze-drying the washed product to obtain graphene;
the second step is that: the aluminum core 2 sequentially passes through the hollow tube 5, the fixing ring 10, the spraying tube 20 and the heating tube 16, the rotating handle 11 is rotated to drive the screw 12 to rotate along the fixing ring 10, and each group of limiting blocks 15 is adjusted to move towards the aluminum core 2 and clamp the aluminum core 2; then the aluminum core 2 is moved forward along a straight line;
thirdly, starting a driving motor to work to drive a driving belt pulley to rotate, driving the driving belt pulley to drive a driven belt pulley to rotate through a belt, so that the hollow pipe 5 rotates, and a winding wheel 7 also rotates along with the rotation, thereby uniformly sleeving the externally-coated copper strip 23 on the aluminum core 2;
fourthly, the coated aluminum core 2 enters a spraying and drying device 9, firstly, tin liquid is input into the inner cavity of a spraying pipe 20 along a feeding pipe 21 and is sprayed out from a spray hole 22 to be sprayed on the side wall of an outer coated copper strip 23 comprehensively; the aluminum core 2 attached with the molten tin enters a heating pipe 16, and an electric heating coil 17 heats the aluminum core 2, so that the molten tin is solidified on an outer copper-clad strip 23 to form a tin layer 24; obtaining a photovoltaic welding strip semi-finished product, and then drawing the photovoltaic welding strip semi-finished product to form a base layer; thereby preparing the photovoltaic solder strip.
Example 2
The difference compared with the embodiment 1 is that:
the first step is as follows: adding an aluminum material into a smelting furnace, adding graphene at 800 ℃ for mixing, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain an aluminum core 2;
the preparation process of the graphene comprises the following steps:
s1, adding graphite powder, potassium persulfate and phosphorus pentoxide into concentrated sulfuric acid, and stirring at 80 ℃ for 4 hours; obtaining a mixture A; controlling the mass ratio of the graphite powder to the potassium persulfate to the phosphorus pentoxide to the concentrated sulfuric acid to be 5:5:5: 13;
s2, cooling the mixture A to room temperature, mixing the mixture A with deionized water, and stirring the mixture A and the deionized water for 10 hours at the temperature of 0 ℃ to obtain a mixture B; filtering the mixture B, washing by using deionized water, and drying to obtain a solid C; controlling the mass ratio of the mixture A to the deionized water to be 30: 1000;
s3, dispersing the solid C in concentrated sulfuric acid, adding potassium permanganate in batches five times, and stirring for 2 hours at the temperature of 35 ℃ to obtain slurry D; controlling the mass ratio of the C solid to the concentrated sulfuric acid to the potassium permanganate to be 12:360: 50;
s4, cooling the slurry D to room temperature, adding deionized water, stirring for 2 hours at 0 ℃, and then adding a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30%, wherein bubbles are generated; controlling the mass ratio of the D slurry to the deionized water to the hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30% to be 420: 320: 12;
s5, after bubbles are generated, adding the mixture into a centrifugal tube, and centrifuging and washing the mixture for 5 times by using hydrochloric acid with the volume fraction of 10%, wherein the centrifugation condition is 5000 r/min, and centrifuging the mixture for 15 min; then centrifugal washing is carried out for 10 times by using deionized water, the centrifugal condition is 10000 r/min, and 30min is obtained through centrifugation; and (4) freeze-drying the washed product to obtain the graphene.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: according to the invention, the graphene is doped in the aluminum core 2, so that the flexibility of the aluminum core 2 can be changed, the aluminum core is not easy to break, and meanwhile, the advantages of the conductivity and the heat dissipation of the aluminum core 2 are improved;
the aluminum core 2 sequentially passes through the hollow tube 5, the fixing ring 10, the spraying tube 20 and the heating tube 16, the rotating handle 11 is rotated to drive the screw 12 to rotate along the fixing ring 10, and each group of limiting blocks 15 is adjusted to move towards the aluminum core 2 and clamp the aluminum core 2; then the aluminum core 2 is moved forward along a straight line; the limiting device 8 can limit the aluminum cores 2 with different diameters, so that photovoltaic welding strips with different production processes can be processed, and the applicability of equipment is improved;
starting a driving motor to work to drive a driving belt pulley to rotate, driving the driving belt pulley to drive a driven belt pulley to rotate through a belt, so that the hollow pipe 5 rotates, and the winding wheel 7 also rotates along with the driving belt pulley, so that the outer copper belt 23 is uniformly sleeved on the aluminum core 2; the cladding device is mainly characterized in that a winding wheel 7 is arranged on a hollow tube 5 through a connecting rod 6, so that the low-aluminum core 2 can be clad with a copper strip 23 under the working of a driving mechanism, and the cladding device has the advantages of simple structure and uniform cladding;
the coated aluminum core 2 enters a spraying and drying device 9, firstly, tin liquid is input into an inner cavity of a spraying pipe 20 along a feeding pipe 21, sprayed out from a spray hole 22 and sprayed on the side wall of an outer-coated copper strip 23 comprehensively; the aluminum core 2 attached with the molten tin enters a heating pipe 16, and an electric heating coil 17 heats the aluminum core 2, so that the molten tin is solidified on an outer copper-clad strip 23 to form a tin layer 24; obtaining a photovoltaic welding strip semi-finished product, and then drawing the photovoltaic welding strip semi-finished product to form a base layer; thereby preparing the photovoltaic solder strip; the spraying and drying device 9 provided by the invention realizes the integrated work of spraying and drying the aluminum core 2, and has the advantages of simple structure of spraying and drying processes and high working efficiency, and the spraying and drying device 9 is effectively combined with the cladding device, so that the photovoltaic welding strip is automatically processed, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the production and manufacturing cost is saved.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides a low-cost aluminum substrate photovoltaic solder strip which characterized in that: comprises an aluminum core (2), an outer wrapping copper strip (23) and a tin layer (24);
the outer wall of the aluminum core (2) is sleeved with an outer-coated copper strip (23) through a cladding device, and the outer wall of the outer-coated copper strip (23) is sprayed with a tin layer (24) through a spraying and drying device (9);
the preparation method of the low-cost aluminum substrate photovoltaic solder strip comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: adding an aluminum material into a smelting furnace, adding graphene at the temperature of 700-800 ℃ for mixing, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain an aluminum core (2);
the preparation process of the graphene comprises the following steps:
s1, adding graphite powder, potassium persulfate and phosphorus pentoxide into concentrated sulfuric acid, and stirring at 80 ℃ for 4 hours; obtaining a mixture A; controlling the mass ratio of the graphite powder to the potassium persulfate to the phosphorus pentoxide to the concentrated sulfuric acid to be 3-5:4-5:4-5: 11-13;
s2, cooling the mixture A to room temperature, mixing the mixture A with deionized water, and stirring the mixture A and the deionized water for 10 hours at the temperature of 0 ℃ to obtain a mixture B; filtering the mixture B, washing by using deionized water, and drying to obtain a solid C; controlling the mass ratio of the mixture A to the deionized water to be 20-30: 1000;
s3, dispersing the solid C in concentrated sulfuric acid, adding potassium permanganate in batches five times, and stirring for 2 hours at the temperature of 35 ℃ to obtain slurry D; the mass ratio of the C solid to the concentrated sulfuric acid to the potassium permanganate is controlled to be 10-12: 340-;
s4, cooling the slurry D to room temperature, adding deionized water, stirring for 2 hours at 0 ℃, and then adding a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30%, wherein bubbles are generated; controlling the mass ratio of the D slurry, the deionized water and the hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30% as 390-420: 300-320: 10-12;
s5, after bubbles are generated, adding the mixture into a centrifugal tube, and carrying out centrifugal washing for 5 times by using hydrochloric acid with the volume fraction of 10%, wherein the centrifugal condition is 5000 r/min, and centrifuging for 15 min; centrifuging and washing for 10 times by using deionized water, wherein the centrifugation condition is 10000 r/min, and centrifuging for 30 min; freeze-drying the washed product to obtain graphene;
the second step is that: the aluminum core (2) sequentially penetrates through the hollow tube (5), the fixing ring (10), the spraying tube (20) and the heating tube (16), the rotating handle (11) of the limiting device (8) is rotated to drive the screw rod (12) to rotate along the fixing ring (10), each group of limiting blocks (15) are adjusted to move towards the aluminum core (2), and the aluminum core (2) is clamped tightly; then the aluminum core (2) is moved forward along a straight line;
thirdly, starting a driving motor to work to drive a driving belt pulley to rotate, driving the driving belt pulley to drive a driven belt pulley to rotate through a belt, so that the hollow pipe (5) rotates, and a winding wheel (7) also rotates along with the driving belt pulley, thereby uniformly sleeving an outer copper belt (23) on the aluminum core (2);
fourthly, the coated aluminum core (2) enters a spraying and drying device (9), firstly, tin liquid is input into the inner cavity of a spraying pipe (20) along a feeding pipe (21) and sprayed out from a spray hole (22) to be sprayed on the side wall of the coated copper strip (23) completely; the aluminum core (2) attached with the tin liquor enters a heating pipe (16), and an electric heating coil (17) heats the aluminum core (2) to ensure that the tin liquor is solidified on an outer wrapping copper strip (23) to form a tin layer (24); obtaining a photovoltaic welding strip semi-finished product, and then drawing the photovoltaic welding strip semi-finished product to form a base layer; thereby preparing the photovoltaic solder strip;
the coating device, the limiting device (8) and the spraying and drying device (9) are arranged side by side, and the coating device, the limiting device (8) and the spraying and drying device (9) are all installed on the top surface of the base (1) through the supporting rod (3);
the cladding device comprises a bearing seat (4), a hollow pipe (5), a connecting rod (6), a winding wheel (7) and a driving mechanism; the outer wall of the hollow pipe (5) is sleeved with a bearing seat (4), the bearing seat (4) is installed on the supporting rod (3), one end, close to the limiting device (8), of the hollow pipe (5) is provided with a connecting rod (6), the connecting rod (6) is of an L-shaped structure, the horizontal part of the connecting rod (6) is provided with a winding wheel (7), an outer copper strip (23) is arranged on the winding wheel (7), and the output end of a driving mechanism is connected with the hollow pipe (5);
the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor, a driving belt pulley and a driven belt pulley, the driving motor is arranged on the base (1), the output end of the driving motor is connected with the driving belt pulley, the driving belt pulley is connected with the driven belt pulley through a belt, and the driven belt pulley is sleeved on the outer wall of the hollow pipe (5);
the limiting device (8) comprises a fixing ring (10), a rotating handle (11), a screw (12), a U-shaped frame (13), a connecting shaft (14) and a limiting block (15); the fixing ring (10) is installed on the supporting rod (3), four groups of threaded holes are formed in the outer wall of the fixing ring (10) in an annular array mode, a screw rod (12) penetrates through the threaded holes and is in threaded connection with the fixing ring (10), one end of the screw rod (12) is connected with the rotating handle (11), the other end of the screw rod (12) is connected with a U-shaped frame (13), a connecting shaft (14) is installed in the U-shaped frame (13) in a rotating mode, and a limiting block (15) is sleeved on the connecting shaft (14);
the limiting block (15) is composed of a square block and a spherical block, the square block is sleeved on the connecting shaft (14), and the spherical block is sleeved on the spherical block;
the spraying and drying device (9) comprises a heating pipe (16), an electric heating coil (17), a connecting pipe (18), external threads (19), a spraying pipe (20), a feeding pipe (21) and spray holes (22); one end of the connecting pipe (18) is in threaded connection with one end of the connecting pipe (18), the other end of the connecting pipe (18) is in threaded connection with the spraying pipe (20), the inner wall of the heating pipe (16) is provided with an electric heating coil (17), the side wall of the spraying pipe (20) is of a hollow structure, the top of the spraying pipe (20) is provided with a feeding pipe (21) and communicated with the feeding pipe (21), the inner wall of the spraying pipe (20) is uniformly provided with a plurality of groups of spray holes (22), and the spraying pipe (20) is detachably mounted on the supporting rod (3);
external threads (19) are respectively arranged at two ends of the connecting pipe (18), and internal threads matched with the external threads (19) are arranged on the inner walls of the heating pipe (16) and the spraying pipe (20);
the preparation method of the low-cost aluminum substrate photovoltaic solder strip comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the aluminum core (2) sequentially penetrates through the hollow pipe (5), the fixing ring (10), the spraying pipe (20) and the heating pipe (16), the rotating handle (11) is rotated to drive the screw rod (12) to rotate along the fixing ring (10), each group of limiting blocks (15) is adjusted to move towards the aluminum core (2), and the aluminum core (2) is clamped tightly; then the aluminum core (2) is moved forward along a straight line;
secondly, starting a driving motor to work to drive a driving belt pulley to rotate, wherein the driving belt pulley drives a driven belt pulley to rotate through a belt, so that the hollow pipe (5) rotates, and a winding wheel (7) also rotates along with the rotation, and therefore, an outer-coated copper strip (23) is uniformly sleeved on the aluminum core (2);
thirdly, the coated aluminum core (2) enters a spraying and drying device (9), firstly, tin liquid is input into an inner cavity of a spraying pipe (20) along a feeding pipe (21) and sprayed out from a spraying hole (22) to be sprayed on the side wall of an outer coated copper strip (23) completely; the aluminum core (2) attached with the tin liquor enters a heating pipe (16), and an electric heating coil (17) heats the aluminum core (2) to ensure that the tin liquor is solidified on an outer wrapping copper strip (23) to form a tin layer (24); obtaining a photovoltaic welding strip semi-finished product, and then drawing the photovoltaic welding strip semi-finished product to form a base layer; thereby preparing the photovoltaic solder strip.
CN202110220454.XA 2021-02-26 2021-02-26 Low-cost aluminum substrate photovoltaic solder strip and preparation method thereof Active CN112795807B (en)

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