A kind of preparation technology of metallic fiber
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal processing sectors, more particularly, to a kind of preparation technology of metallic fiber.
Background technology
At present, the production method of metallic fiber has been summed up four kinds:It is single wire drawing, clustered drawing, cutting method, molten
Take out method.With continuing to develop for science and technology, clustered drawing turns into the main production process for preparing metallic fiber.Method is dialled in boundling drawing
It is subject to a kind of improved method for producing multifibres metal wire rod on the basis of traditional monofilament draws group metal wire rod method.Boundling
Hubbing makes metallic fiber and coated wire is made firstly the need of coating auxiliary material on metal wire material, then coated wire boundling is filled out
Enter to aid in tubing that progress drawing processing after composite wire is made, composite wire pulls to the auxiliary for removing coating after the diameter of needs
Material and the auxiliary tubing of encapsulation, obtain metallic fiber.Using boundling draw dial method prepare metallic fiber not only surface it is smooth,
Accurate size, and the preparation method substantially increases production efficiency, is a kind of method of preferable production metallic fiber, is not
The steel fibre that becomes rusty uses to provide in the scale of the industrial circles such as antistatic, electromagnetic shielding and high temperature filtration to be ensured.However, passing
The boundling of system draws the method for dialling production metallic fiber, general to use copper as the auxiliary material of coating and the auxiliary tubing of encapsulation, raw
Produce cost high.Meanwhile, existing technology separates the auxiliary material of coating using the acid cleaning process of nitric acid or other inorganic acids
With the auxiliary tubing of encapsulation, but acid cleaning process generally requires the substantial amounts of inorganic acid of consumption could realize and be kept completely separate auxiliary material
With the technological effect of auxiliary tubing, substantial amounts of spent acid causes large effect to environment.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of preparation method of the low and environmentally friendly metallic fiber of cost.
The present invention solve the technical scheme that is used of above-mentioned technical problem for:A kind of preparation technology of metallic fiber, including
Following steps:
1. continuous electrolysis method is used in the Surface coating auxiliary material of many one metal wire materials;
2. many metal wire materials coated after auxiliary material are encapsulated into auxiliary tubing and constitute composite metal, wherein,
The percentage by weight of auxiliary tubing, which is constituted, is:0.04~0.15wt% of 0.01~0.03wt% of boron or rare earth, carbon 0.10~
0.30wt%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity;
3. composite metal is subjected to multi pass drawing on wire drawing machine, in 450~700 DEG C/1~3h models after each drawing
Enclose it is interior made annealing treatment, obtain metal composite wire;
4. using obtained metal composite wire as anode, auxiliary material and encapsulation that electrolysis removes cladding are carried out in acid solution
Auxiliary tubing, then by multiple deionized water cleaning, finally fully dried at 100~120 DEG C, obtain metallic fiber.
Described rare earth is yttrium or mischmetal, and described mischmetal is dilute for the group of the lanthanides mixing of lanthanum content 50%~90%
Soil.
The percentage by weight of the auxiliary material of described cladding is constituted:0.01~0.03wt% of boron or rare earth 0.04~
0.15wt%, 0.10~0.30wt% of carbon, surplus are iron and inevitable impurity;Or, the auxiliary material of described cladding is
Copper.
Described metal wire material is stainless steel, iron, chromium, aluminium, ferrochrome, ferroaluminium, Cr-Al alloy or ferrum-chromium-aluminum
Alloy.
Step 4. described in acid solution be salpeter solution that concentration is 1.0~5.0mol/L or concentration be 0.5~
2.5mol/L sulfuric acid solution.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that:Aid in tubing percentage by weight composition for boron 0.01~
0.03wt% or rare earth 0.04~0.15wt%, 0.10~0.30wt% of carbon, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity, 0.01~
0.03wt% boron or 0.04~0.15wt% rare earths can crystal grain thinning, so as to improve the intensity and plasticity of auxiliary tubing so that
Auxiliary tubing has good ductility, can meet auxiliary tubing of the multi pass drawing technique to encapsulation in clustered drawing
Ductility requirement, production cost can be effectively reduced again;In addition, in acid solution, the metal composite wire obtained with drawing
The mode that electrolysis removes the auxiliary material of cladding and the auxiliary tubing of encapsulation is carried out for anode, sour consumption can be greatly reduced, from
And largely reduce the adverse effect to environment.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
The preparation technology of the metallic fiber of embodiment 1, comprises the following steps:
1. continuous electrolysis method is used in the Surface coating copper of many stainless steel silk materials;
2. the stainless steel silk material after many coated coppers is encapsulated into composition stainless steel double zoarium in auxiliary tubing, wherein, it is auxiliary
Help tubing percentage by weight constitute be:Boron 0.01wt%, carbon 0.10wt%, surplus are iron and inevitable impurity;
3. stainless steel double zoarium is subjected to multi pass drawing on wire drawing machine, in 450~700 DEG C/1~3h after each drawing
In the range of made annealing treatment, obtain stainless steel double zygonema;
4. using obtained stainless steel double zygonema as anode, electrolysis removal is carried out in concentration is 2.0mol/L salpeter solution
The copper of cladding and the auxiliary tubing of encapsulation, then by the cleaning of multiple deionized water, finally fully dry, obtain at 100~120 DEG C
To metallic fiber.
The preparation technology of the metallic fiber of embodiment 2, comprises the following steps:
1. continuous electrolysis method is used in the weight percent of the Surface coating auxiliary material, wherein auxiliary material of many chromium silk materials
It is than composition:Yttrium 0.05wt%, carbon 0.10wt%, surplus are iron and inevitable impurity;
2. many chromium silk materials coated after auxiliary material are encapsulated into auxiliary tubing and constitute chromium complex, wherein, auxiliary
The percentage by weight of tubing is constituted:Yttrium 0.05wt%, carbon 0.10wt%, surplus are iron and inevitable impurity;
3. chromium complex is subjected to multi pass drawing on wire drawing machine, in 450~700 DEG C/1~3h scopes after each drawing
It is interior to be made annealing treatment, obtain chromium recombination line;
4. using obtained chromium recombination line as anode, in concentration is 1.5mol/L salpeter solution carrying out electrolysis removes cladding
Auxiliary material and encapsulation auxiliary tubing, then by multiple deionized water cleaning, finally fully dried at 100~120 DEG C,
Obtain metallic fiber.
The preparation technology of the metallic fiber of embodiment 3, comprises the following steps:
1. continuous electrolysis method is used in the weight percent of the Surface coating auxiliary material, wherein auxiliary material of multiple aluminium wire material
It is than composition:The group of the lanthanides mischmetal 0.15wt% of lanthanum content 50%~90%, carbon 0.30wt%, surplus is iron and inevitably miscellaneous
Matter;
2. many aluminium wire materials coated after auxiliary material are encapsulated into auxiliary tubing and constitute aluminium complex, wherein, auxiliary
The percentage by weight of tubing is constituted:The group of the lanthanides mischmetal 0.15wt% of lanthanum content 50%~90%, carbon 0.30wt%, surplus is iron
With inevitable impurity;
3. aluminium complex is subjected to multi pass drawing on wire drawing machine, in 450~700 DEG C/1~3h scopes after each drawing
It is interior to be made annealing treatment, obtain aluminium recombination line;
4. using obtained aluminium recombination line as anode, the auxiliary that electrolysis removes cladding is carried out in 1.0mol/L sulfuric acid solution
Material and the auxiliary tubing of encapsulation, then by the cleaning of multiple deionized water, finally fully dried at 100~120 DEG C, obtain gold
Belong to fiber.
The preparation technology of the metallic fiber of embodiment 4, comprises the following steps:
1. continuous electrolysis method is used in the weight percent of the Surface coating auxiliary material, wherein auxiliary material of many iron wire materials
It is than composition:Boron 0.01wt%, carbon 0.30wt%, surplus are iron and inevitable impurity;
2. many iron wire materials coated after auxiliary material are encapsulated into auxiliary tubing and constitute iron complex, wherein, auxiliary
The percentage by weight of tubing is constituted:The group of the lanthanides mischmetal 0.15wt% of lanthanum content 50%~90%, carbon 0.30wt%, surplus is
Iron and inevitable impurity;
3. iron complex is subjected to multi pass drawing on wire drawing machine, in 450~700 DEG C/1~3h scopes after each drawing
It is interior to be made annealing treatment, obtain iron recombination line;
4. using obtained iron recombination line as anode, the auxiliary that electrolysis removes cladding is carried out in 1.0mol/L sulfuric acid solution
Material and the auxiliary tubing of encapsulation, then by the cleaning of multiple deionized water, finally fully dried at 100~120 DEG C, obtain gold
Belong to fiber.
In other specific preparation technologies, metal wire material can also be ferrochrome, ferroaluminium, Cr-Al alloy or iron
Cr-Al alloy.
Because the auxiliary material of cladding and the auxiliary tubing of encapsulation need that there is higher ductility can just bear multi-pass
The tensile strength of drawing, and the increase of ductility can effectively reduce the passage of processing.Traditional auxiliary tubing is auxiliary with cladding
Material is helped to use copper product, in soft state of annealing, the elongation percentage of copper is 40% or so.And the new auxiliary tubing of the present invention, its weight
Percentage composition is 0.04~0.15wt% of 0.01~0.03wt% of boron or rare earth, 0.10~0.30wt% of carbon, and surplus is for iron and not
Evitable impurity, its elongation percentage is more than 35%.Therefore compared with traditional copper, the present invention can meet multi pass drawing work
To the requirement of the auxiliary material of cladding and the ductility of the auxiliary tubing of encapsulation in skill, cost can be reduced to a certain extent again.