CN112785905B - Orthodontic facial image photographic training instrument and training method - Google Patents
Orthodontic facial image photographic training instrument and training method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An orthodontic facial image photographing training instrument belongs to the technical field of orthodontic photographing, and a positioning frame is of a rectangular frame structure. The two rear posts and the upper and lower rear rims form the rear part of the frame. The four upper and lower rims are fixed to the upper and lower parts of the frame, and a skull model is arranged. Two front movable upright posts are arranged between the upper part and the lower part of the frame. Horizontal reference mark points are arranged on the four upright posts: the horizontal plane where the middle of the eye fissure and the nasal tip of the skull model is located is intersected with the horizontal plane. The left, front and right lower frames are provided with 45-degree side image mark points. The 45-degree side image can be adjusted by the two 45-degree side image marks on the same side. The training method comprises the following steps: the direction of the skull model suitable for shooting is adjusted, and the vertical height, the inclination degree, the pitching degree, the left and right horizontal positions and the picture positions of the camera are determined according to the horizontal reference mark point, the 45-degree side image mark point and the skull model. The training device has specific reference marks for students or primary doctors to practice orthodontic photography, and can remarkably shorten training time and improve shooting effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of orthodontic photography, and particularly relates to an orthodontic facial image photography training instrument and a training method.
Background
Orthodontic has been developed for 100 years, and has become a relatively mature subject with increasingly wide social demands, and the treatment technology, treatment standard and treatment effect of orthodontic are continuously improved, but the improvement, improvement and popularization are required in the aspects of photographing methods of facial photographing and occlusal photographing, standard and training methods of orthodontic photographing. The orthodontic facial photography is taken as an important means for auxiliary diagnosis before correction and making treatment schemes, recording treatment staged correction effects in correction, recording final treatment effects after correction and during maintenance and maintaining stability, and also is taken as important content of communication information between doctors and patients, and plays an important role in orthodontic clinic and teaching. In addition, orthodontic facial photography is used as a main means for showing treatment effects by journal release papers, orthodontic case reports and orthodontic academic communication, has been used by high-level orthodontists for decades, more doctors at home and abroad have increasingly participated in relevant researches and communication of orthodontic clinical treatment in recent years, and the opportunities for case display are also more and more, but the situations that the vertical height, horizontal position, rotation degree of pictures, pitching degree of view finding shafts and shooting range of the pictures are not ideal are quite common.
In the teaching of the prior orthodontic facial photography, the equipment tool for repeated practice is lack, only a few example pictures on teaching materials are used for being added with teaching of teachers, the content of the equipment tool is abstract, understanding is difficult and easy to forget, and the requirements of photographing in five dimensions, namely the up-down position, the inclination degree, the pitching degree, the horizontal phase left-right position and the horizontal rotation degree, of a camera are not explained very specifically. The orthodontic photographing actually requires the view finding range and proper adjustment of five dimensions of the up-down position, the inclination degree, the pitching degree, the horizontal phase left-right position and the horizontal rotation degree of the camera, any factor of the view finding range does not meet the requirement, a very proper photo cannot be photographed, a beginner often does not know that orthodontic facial photography is related to the many factors, other many factors can be changed when one factor is adjusted to a proper state, and the beginner can train for a long time and can take a failed photo.
Therefore, in the orthodontic clinic, a primary orthodontic doctor needs teaching and repeated practice of a teacher's handle for several months, so that the purpose of photographing the face image of an orthodontic patient can be achieved more skillfully. In teaching and clinic, the training process is long, and a great deal of time and effort are spent on teachers and students, so that the higher level can be achieved. For clinical oral practice doctors of beginners, orthodontic photography is a great test and often cannot be well mastered in the study of the family. Even if more detailed paper plane photographing teaching materials are compiled in the future, a method for clearly adjusting the complex and three-dimensional multivariate to be suitable cannot be described at all, so that a method for designing a three-dimensional teaching aid and editing a special teaching course to effectively improve orthodontic facial image photographing is very necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention designs an orthodontic facial image photographing training instrument and a training method, and guides a practitioner to carry out proper five-dimensional adjustment on the vertical height, the inclination degree, the pitching degree, the horizontal position and the rotation degree of a camera body of a camera through photographing reference mark points on the training instrument and combining with a camera adjusting method, so that photographing of high-standard facial photos at all angles can be easily completed. In the teaching practice of specific facial photography, a trainer can quickly and skillfully master the collar of facial photography through repeated practice according to specific requirements and various reference mark points, which can obviously improve the standard and efficiency of facial photography teaching.
The technical scheme adopted is as follows:
an orthodontic facial image photographic training instrument comprises a skull model and a positioning frame.
The technical key points are as follows:
The positioning frame is of a rectangular frame structure.
The left rear upright post of the frame, the right rear upright post of the frame, the upper rear frame of the positioning frame and the lower rear frame of the positioning frame are fixed to form the rear part of the rectangular frame.
The rear frame on the positioning frame, the left frame on the positioning frame, the right frame on the positioning frame and the front frame on the positioning frame are fixed to form the upper part of the rectangular frame.
The lower rear frame of the positioning frame, the lower left frame of the positioning frame, the lower front frame of the positioning frame and the lower right frame of the positioning frame are fixed to form a rectangular frame lower portion, a bottom plate is arranged on the lower portion of the rectangular frame, and a skull model is fixedly arranged in the center through the bottom plate.
And a frame left front moving upright post and a frame right front moving upright post are arranged between the upper part of the rectangular frame and the lower part of the rectangular frame.
The frame left front moving upright post is provided with a first horizontal reference mark point.
And a second horizontal reference mark point is arranged on the left rear upright post of the frame.
And a third horizontal reference mark point is arranged on the right rear upright post of the frame.
And a fourth horizontal reference mark point is arranged on the right front moving upright post of the frame.
The first horizontal reference mark point, the second horizontal reference mark point, the third horizontal reference mark point and the fourth horizontal reference mark point are the intersection points of the horizontal plane where the middle of the eye crack and the nose tip of the skull model is located and the frame left front moving upright post, the frame left rear upright post, the frame right rear upright post and the frame right front moving upright post.
A fourth 45-degree side image mark point is arranged on the lower left frame of the positioning frame.
The lower front frame of the positioning frame is provided with a third 45-degree side image mark point and a second 45-degree side image mark point.
A first 45-degree side image mark point is arranged on the lower right frame of the positioning frame.
When a 45-degree side image is shot by taking the connecting line of the second 45-degree side image mark point and the first 45-degree side image mark point as a projection view axis, the skull model completely exposes the eye fissure of the side eye but does not expose the skin except the eye fissure.
When a 45-degree side image is shot by taking the connecting line of the third 45-degree side image mark point and the fourth 45-degree side image mark point as a projection view axis, the skull model completely exposes the eye fissure of the side eye but does not expose the skin except the eye fissure.
The movement modes of the frame left front movement upright post and the frame right front movement upright post can be as follows:
the left frame on the positioning frame, the front frame on the positioning frame and the right frame on the positioning frame are provided with upper slide ways.
The left side frame under the positioning frame, the front side frame under the positioning frame and the right side frame under the positioning frame are provided with a lower slide way.
The frame left front movable upright post is arranged between the upper slideway and the lower slideway through the left upper pulley and the left lower pulley.
The frame right front movable upright post is arranged between the upper slideway and the lower slideway through the right upper pulley and the right lower pulley.
The bottom of the positioning frame and the support with adjustable height can be connected through a universal cradle head.
The training method using the orthodontic facial image photographic training instrument is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Orthodontic facial image photographing: the head model of the training instrument is adjusted to be the same height as the camera, or the photographer adjusts the self seat to enable the camera to be the same height as the head model of the training instrument, the camera is adjusted to be at a proper distance (generally 1.5-2.0 m) from the training instrument, and the camera is adjusted in five dimensions, the view finding range is adjusted, and the face image is shot. The orthodontic facial image photographing comprises a frontal image, side images on two sides and 45-degree side images on two sides.
The invention combines with the camera adjusting method, the adjusting requirements of five dimensions, namely the vertical position, the left-right inclination degree, the front-back pitching degree, the horizontal left-right position and the horizontal rotation degree of the camera body, of the camera are easy to explain clearly, and students or primary doctors can obviously shorten the training time and improve the shooting effect by having very specific reference marks when training orthodontic photography.
The advantages are that:
The abstract shooting points of the orthodontic facial photography are marked on the photographing positioning frame in the form of photographing reference mark points, complex photographing adjustment is decomposed into adjustment steps of 5 dimensions, a practitioner is guided to perform proper adjustment of five dimensions on the vertical height, the inclination degree, the pitching degree, the horizontal position and the rotation degree of the camera body of the camera, and facial photography teaching is simpler and more visual. Meanwhile, a trainer can know the collar of the facial image photography through repeated exercises according to specific shooting requirements. This will significantly improve the standards and efficiency of facial photography teaching.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an orthodontic facial image photographic training instrument of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front image shooting of the orthodontic facial image shooting training instrument.
Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of an orthodontic facial image photographing training instrument.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an orthodontic facial image photographing training instrument for photographing 45 degrees images.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of 45 ° image capturing of the other side.
In the figure: 1 is a skull model, 2 is a positioning frame, 3 is a bracket, 4 is a first horizontal reference mark point, 5 is a second horizontal reference mark point, 6 is a third horizontal reference mark point, 7 is a fourth horizontal reference mark point, 8 is a first 45-degree side image mark point, 9 is a second 45-degree side image mark point, and 10 is a skull model eye crack edge point.
The left upper pulley is 11, the frame left front moving upright is 12, the frame left rear upright is 13, the frame right rear upright is 14, the frame right moving front upright is 15, the positioning frame upper front frame is 16, the positioning frame upper left frame is 17, the positioning frame upper right frame is 18, the positioning frame lower front frame is 19, the positioning frame lower left frame is 20, the positioning frame lower right frame is 21, and the positioning frame lower right frame is 22 is a bottom plate.
23 Is the upper rear frame of the positioning frame, 24 is the lower rear frame of the positioning frame, 25 is an upper slideway, 26 is a lower slideway, 27 is a left lower pulley, 28 is a third 45-degree side image mark point, 29 is a universal cradle head, and 30 is a fourth 45-degree side image mark point.
Detailed Description
The orthodontic facial image photographing training instrument comprises a skull model 1 for photographing, a photographing positioning frame 2 and a bracket 3.
The skull model 1 is similar to the skull of a normal person in size.
The positioning frame 2 has a rectangular frame structure.
The upper rear frame 23 of the positioning frame is fixedly supported above the left rear frame column 13 and the right rear frame column 14.
The lower rear frame 24 of the positioning frame is fixedly arranged below the left rear frame column 13 and the right rear frame column 14.
The left frame 17 and the right frame 18 of the positioning frame are respectively fixed at the two ends of the rear frame 23 of the positioning frame forward.
The front frame 16 of the positioning frame is fixed between the front ends of the left frame 17 and the right frame 18 of the positioning frame.
The lower left positioning frame 20 and the lower right positioning frame 21 are respectively fixed at the two ends of the lower rear positioning frame 24 forward.
A positioning frame lower front frame 19 which is transversely arranged is fixed between the front ends of the positioning frame lower left frame 20 and the positioning frame lower right frame 21.
A bottom plate 22 is arranged in the left side frame 20, the front side frame 19, the right side frame 21 and the rear side frame 24.
The bottom plate 22 may be rectangular. The skull model 1 is arranged in the centre of the soleplate 22 facing forward.
The left side frame 17, the front side frame 16 and the right side frame 18 are provided with U-shaped upper slide ways 25.
The lower left side frame 20, the lower front side frame 19 and the lower right side frame 21 are provided with a U-shaped glide slope 26.
The frame left front moving pillar 12 is disposed between the upper slide 25 and the lower slide 26 by the left upper pulley 11 and the left lower pulley 27.
The frame right front moving pillar 15 is disposed between the upper slide 25 and the lower slide 26 by an upper right pulley and a lower right pulley.
The frame left front moving upright 12, the frame left rear upright 13, the frame right rear upright 14 and the frame right front moving upright 15 are all provided with marks of horizontal photographing reference mark points.
A first horizontal reference mark point 4 is arranged on the frame left front moving upright 12.
A second horizontal reference mark point 5 is arranged on the left rear upright post 13 of the frame.
A third horizontal reference mark point 6 is arranged on the right rear upright post 14 of the frame.
A fourth horizontal reference mark point 7 is arranged on the frame right front moving upright 15.
The positions of the four horizontal reference mark points are as follows: the horizontal plane of the middle of the eye fissure and the nose tip of the skull model 1 is intersected with the frame left front moving upright 12, the frame left rear upright 13, the frame right rear upright 14 and the frame right front moving upright 15.
The lower left side frame 20, the lower front side frame 19 and the lower right side frame 21 of the positioning frame are all provided with side image marking points with the bottom surface of 45 degrees.
A fourth 45-degree side image marker point 30 is arranged on the lower left side frame 20 of the positioning frame.
The lower front frame 19 of the positioning frame is provided with a third 45-degree side image mark point 28 positioned on the left side and a second 45-degree side image mark point 9 positioned on the right side.
The first 45-degree side image mark point 8 is arranged on the lower right frame 21 of the positioning frame.
When a vertical plane passing through the second 45 DEG side image mark point 9 and the first 45 DEG side image mark point 8 is tangent to the external eye angle of the skull model 1 at the opposite side of the photographer, and a 45 DEG side image is shot by taking the connecting line of the second 45 DEG side image mark point 9 and the first 45 DEG side image mark point 8 as a projection view-finding axis, the skull model 1 completely exposes the eye crack of the side eye but does not expose the skin except the eye crack.
When a vertical plane passing through the third 45 DEG side image mark point 28 and the fourth 45 DEG side image mark point 30 is tangent to the external eye angle of the skull model 1 at the opposite side of the photographer, and a 45 DEG side image is shot by taking the connecting line of the third 45 DEG side image mark point 28 and the fourth 45 DEG side image mark point 30 as a projection view-finding axis, the skull model 1 completely exposes the eye crack of the side eye but does not expose the skin except the eye crack.
The stand 3 is a height-adjustable stand, which is a commercially known product, with a height-adjustable telescopic joint.
The bottom (bottom plate 22) of the positioning frame 2 and the bracket 3 can also be connected through a universal cradle head 29, which is a commercially known product.
So that the positioning frame 2 can simulate the height and angle of clinical photographing by adjusting.
The rear frames (the left rear frame column 13 and the right rear frame column 14) are fixed columns.
The front frames (the frame left front moving upright 12 and the frame right front moving upright 15) are pulley moving uprights.
Photographing the mark of the reference mark point:
① Marking face right shooting mark points (intersection points of a horizontal plane where the middle of an eye crack and a nose tip is positioned and four vertical frames) on four upright posts of a shooting positioning frame 2, namely a first horizontal reference mark point 4, a second horizontal reference mark point 5, a third horizontal reference mark point 6 and a fourth horizontal reference mark point 7.
② Marking reference mark points on the bottom surface:
When a vertical plane passing through the second 45 DEG side image mark point 9 and the first 45 DEG side image mark point 8 is tangent to the external eye angle of the skull model 1 at the opposite side of the photographer, and a 45 DEG side image is shot by taking the connecting line of the second 45 DEG side image mark point 9 and the first 45 DEG side image mark point 8 as a projection view-finding axis, the skull model 1 completely exposes the eye crack of the side eye but does not expose the skin except the eye crack.
The vertical plane passing through the third 45 DEG side image mark point 28 and the fourth 45 DEG side image mark point 30 is tangent to the external eye angle of the skull model 1 at the opposite side of the photographer, and when the 45 DEG side image is shot by taking the connecting line of the third 45 DEG side image mark point 28 and the fourth 45 DEG side image mark point 30 as the projection view-finding axis, the skull model 1 completely exposes the eye crack of the side eye but does not expose the skin except the eye crack.
The fourth 45-degree side image mark point 30 and the first 45-degree side image mark point 8 are symmetrically arranged on the positioning frame 2.
The training method using the orthodontic facial image photographic training instrument comprises the following steps:
Orthodontic facial image photographing: the training instrument is properly adjusted to enable the skull model 1 to be at the same height as the camera, or a photographer adjusts the self seat to enable the camera to be at the same height as the skull model of the training instrument, adjusts the proper distance between the camera and the training instrument, for example, is about 1.5m away from the nasal tip or one side of the auricle, adjusts the camera in 5 dimensions, and takes pictures of all angles of the face. The orthodontic facial image photographing comprises a frontal image, side images on two sides and 45-degree side images on two sides.
Front image: the positioning frame 2 of the skull model 1 is adjusted to face the direction of a photographer, at this time, the frame left front moving upright column 12 and the frame right front moving upright column 15 are positioned at the vertex positions of right angles on two sides of the front of the positioning frame 2, and the photographer holds the camera to move the camera up and down firstly, so that four horizontal reference mark points on the training instrument are: the first horizontal reference mark point 4, the second horizontal reference mark point 5, the third horizontal reference mark point 6 and the fourth horizontal reference mark point 7 are overlapped on a straight line in the viewfinder, so that the vertical height of the camera is determined; rotating the camera clockwise or anticlockwise to enable the upper frame and the lower frame of the viewfinder of the camera to be parallel to the connecting lines of the first horizontal reference mark point 4, the second horizontal reference mark point 5, the third horizontal reference mark point 6 and the fourth horizontal reference mark point 7 of the four horizontal reference mark points, so that the inclination degree of the camera is determined; tilting the camera forward or backward to center the skull model 1 in the vertical direction of the viewfinder image of the camera, thus determining the pitching degree of the camera; the camera is moved left and right so that the distance between the front and rear left posts in the viewfinder is equal to the distance between the front and rear right posts (the distance between the front left moving post 12 and the rear left post 13 is equal to the distance between the front right moving post 15 and the rear right post 14) (the exposed auricles of the two sides of the skull model 1 are equal), and the left and right horizontal positions of the camera are determined; advancing or retreating the left or right side of the camera centers the skull model 1 in the horizontal direction of the picture, thus determining the degree of rotation of the camera body in the horizontal direction. The focal length of the camera is adjusted so that the camera head mold occupies a picture (appropriate height), for example: 80% of the height, the shutter can be pressed to take a picture.
Side image shooting: the skull model 1 and the positioning frame 2 of the training instrument are adjusted to face one side (left side or right side), and at this time, the frame left front moving upright 12 and the frame right front moving upright 15 are positioned at the positions of the apexes of right angles on the two sides in front of the positioning frame 2. When a photographer holds the camera to shoot, the camera is firstly moved up and down, so that four horizontal reference mark points on the training instrument are: the first horizontal reference mark point 4, the second horizontal reference mark point 5, the third horizontal reference mark point 6 and the fourth horizontal reference mark point 7 are overlapped on a straight line in the viewfinder, so that the vertical height of the camera is determined; rotating the camera clockwise or counterclockwise, the upper and lower rims of the viewfinder of the camera and four horizontal reference mark points: the first horizontal reference mark point 4, the second horizontal reference mark point 5, the third horizontal reference mark point 6 and the fourth horizontal reference mark point 7 are connected in parallel, so that the inclination degree of the camera is determined; tilting the camera forward or backward to center the skull model 1 in the vertical direction of the viewfinder image of the camera, thus determining the pitching degree of the camera; moving the camera left and right to coincide the ciliary tips on both sides of the skull model 1 in the viewfinder, thus determining the horizontal left and right position of the camera; advancing or retreating the left or right side of the camera centers the skull model 1 in the horizontal direction of the picture, thus determining the degree of rotation of the camera body in the horizontal direction. The focal length of the camera is adjusted so that the skull model 1 occupies 80% of the picture height, and then the shutter can be pressed to take a picture.
The side face image shooting modes of the left side and the right side are the same.
45-Degree side image shooting: the head model 1 and the frame 2 of the training instrument are adjusted to face forward (for example, to the right of the head model 1), at this time, the frame left front moving upright 12 is moved to the rear of the fourth 45 DEG side image mark point 30 (the left frame 20 is moved to leave the fourth 45 DEG side image mark point 30 under the positioning frame), and the frame right front moving upright 15 is moved to the right of the second 45 DEG side image mark point 9 (the front frame 19 is moved to leave the second 45 DEG side image mark point 9 under the positioning frame). When a photographer holds the camera to shoot, the camera is firstly moved up and down, so that three visible horizontal reference mark points on the training instrument are: the first horizontal reference mark point 4, the second horizontal reference mark point 5 and the fourth horizontal reference mark point 7 are overlapped on a straight line in the viewfinder, so that the vertical height of the camera is determined; rotating the camera clockwise or counterclockwise, the upper and lower rims of the viewfinder of the camera are referenced to the marker points with three visible levels: the first horizontal reference mark point 4, the second horizontal reference mark point 5 and the fourth horizontal reference mark point 7 are connected in parallel, so that the inclination degree of the camera is determined; tilting the camera forward or backward to center the camera head die in the vertical direction of the viewfinder image of the camera, thus determining the pitching degree of the camera; the camera is moved left and right to make two 45 deg. side image mark points: the connecting line of the second 45-degree side image marking point 9 and the first 45-degree side image marking point coincides with the view finding axis (namely, 2 marking point line sections are positioned on a straight line, and the side eye crack is completely exposed but the skin except the eye crack is not exposed at the moment), so that the horizontal position of the camera is determined; advancing or retreating the left or right side of the camera makes the camera head model 1 centered horizontally left and right in the picture, thus determining the degree of rotation of the camera body horizontally. The focal length of the camera is adjusted to enable the camera head die to occupy 80% of the picture height, and then the shutter can be pressed to take pictures.
When shooting a side image of the opposite side 45 degrees:
The frame left front moving column 12 moves to the left of the third 45 ° side image mark point 28 (moves on the front frame 19 under the positioning frame), and the frame right front moving column 15 moves to a position behind the first 45 ° side image mark point 8 (moves on the right frame 21 under the positioning frame to yield backward).
The first horizontal reference mark point 4, the third horizontal reference mark point 6 and the fourth horizontal reference mark point 7 are used as horizontal reference points.
The third 45 ° side image marker point 28 and the fourth 45 ° side image marker point 30 are taken as 45 ° side image marker points (coinciding with the viewfinder axis).
Working principle:
The orthodontic facial image photographic training instrument converts the abstract information such as limited characters and pictures on teaching materials into mark points to be recorded on the instrument, and restores the two-dimensional and planar images recorded on books into a three-dimensional and stereoscopic training mold in actual work. The practitioner adjusts the shooting distance, makes proper adjustment of 5 dimensions of the vertical position, the inclination degree, the pitching degree, the horizontal left-right position and the horizontal rotation degree of the camera by adjusting the posture of the camera, and adjusts the size of the view finding range by adjusting the focal length of the camera, so that the mutual position relation of the mark points in the lens reaches the required standard, and the shooting result of the orthodontic facial image meeting the requirement is shot. The face photographing training instrument can enhance the image perception of the trained person, has outstanding intuitiveness and accuracy, can enable the trained person to generate the memory with specific image as the content, and improves the training effect. In the use process, a user can practice orthodontic photography by correctly recycling the instrument according to the requirements in the specification, so that the image memory and the muscle memory of an orthodontic facial image photography technology are formed, the training time of orthodontic facial photography is shortened, and the memory efficiency of a trained person is improved. The trainee is through the repeated exercise to this training appearance, masters the photographic main points of face gradually, reaches the shooting effect of high-efficient high standard when finally realizing carrying out the face to the true man.
Claims (2)
1. An orthodontic facial image photographic training instrument comprises a skull model (1) and a positioning frame (2); the method is characterized in that:
the positioning frame (2) is of a rectangular frame structure;
The left rear upright post (13) of the frame, the right rear upright post (14) of the frame, the upper rear frame (23) of the positioning frame and the lower rear frame (24) of the positioning frame are fixed to form the rear part of the rectangular frame;
The upper rear frame (23), the upper left frame (17), the upper right frame (18) and the upper front frame (16) are fixed to form the upper part of the rectangular frame;
The lower rear frame (24), the lower left frame (20), the lower front frame (19) and the lower right frame (21) are fixed to form a rectangular frame lower part, the rectangular frame lower part is provided with a bottom plate (22), and a skull model (1) is fixedly arranged in the center through the bottom plate (22);
A frame left front moving upright post (12) and a frame right front moving upright post (15) are arranged between the upper part of the rectangular frame and the lower part of the rectangular frame; a first horizontal reference mark point (4) is arranged on the frame left front movable upright post (12);
A second horizontal reference mark point (5) is arranged on the left rear upright post (13) of the frame;
a third horizontal reference mark point (6) is arranged on the right rear upright post (14) of the frame;
A fourth horizontal reference mark point (7) is arranged on the frame right front movable upright post (15);
The first horizontal reference mark point (4), the second horizontal reference mark point (5), the third horizontal reference mark point (6) and the fourth horizontal reference mark point (7) are the intersection points of a horizontal plane where the middle of the eye and the nose tip of the skull model (1) is positioned and the frame left front moving upright post (12), the frame left rear upright post (13), the frame right rear upright post (14) and the frame right front moving upright post (15);
a fourth 45-degree side image mark point (30) is arranged on the lower left frame (20) of the positioning frame;
a third 45-degree side image mark point (28) and a second 45-degree side image mark point (9) are arranged on the lower front frame (19) of the positioning frame; a first 45-degree side image mark point (8) is arranged on the lower right frame (21) of the positioning frame;
When a vertical plane passing through the second 45-degree side image mark point (9) and the first 45-degree side image mark point (8) is tangent to the external eye angle of the skull model (1) at the opposite side of a photographer, taking the connecting line of the second 45-degree side image mark point (9) and the first 45-degree side image mark point (8) as a projection view-finding shaft to shoot 45-degree side images, the skull model (1) completely exposes the eye cracks of the opposite side eyes but does not expose the skin except the eye cracks;
When a vertical plane passing through the third 45 DEG side image mark point (28) and the fourth 45 DEG side image mark point (30) is tangent to the external eye angle of the skull model (1) at the opposite side of a photographer, and a 45 DEG side image is shot by taking a connecting line of the third 45 DEG side image mark point (28) and the fourth 45 DEG side image mark point (30) as a projection view-finding axis, the skull model (1) completely exposes the eye crack of the opposite side eye but does not expose the skin except the eye crack;
An upper slideway (25) is arranged on the left side frame (17) on the positioning frame, the front side frame (16) on the positioning frame and the right side frame (18) on the positioning frame; a lower left frame (20), a lower front frame (19) and a lower right frame (21) of the positioning frame are provided with a lower slideway (26); the frame left front moving upright post (12) is arranged between the upper slideway (25) and the lower slideway (26) through the left upper pulley (11) and the left lower pulley (27);
The frame right front moving upright post (15) is arranged between the upper slideway (25) and the lower slideway (26) through an upper right pulley and a lower right pulley; the positioning frame (2) is arranged on the bracket (3);
The bracket (3) is a height-adjustable bracket;
the bottom of the positioning frame (2) is connected with the bracket (3) through a universal cradle head (29).
2. The training method using the orthodontic facial image photographic training instrument is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Orthodontic facial image photographing: adjusting the head model (1) of the training instrument to be the same height as the head of the photographer, keeping a proper distance from the training instrument, and adjusting five dimensions of the camera and shooting the face image; the orthodontic facial image photographing comprises a frontal image, side images on two sides and 45-degree side images on two sides;
Front image: the direction of the skull model (1) facing the photographer is adjusted, and at the moment, the frame left front moving upright post (12) and the frame right front moving upright post (15) are positioned at the vertex positions of right angles at two sides of the front of the positioning frame (2); the photographer holds the camera and first moves the camera up and down, causing four horizontal reference markers on the trainer: the first horizontal reference mark point (4), the second horizontal reference mark point (5), the third horizontal reference mark point (6) and the fourth horizontal reference mark point (7) are overlapped on a straight line in the viewfinder, so that the vertical height of the camera is determined; rotating the camera clockwise or anticlockwise to enable the upper frame and the lower frame of the viewfinder of the camera to be parallel to the connecting lines of the first horizontal reference mark point (4), the second horizontal reference mark point (5), the third horizontal reference mark point (6) and the fourth horizontal reference mark point (7) of the four horizontal reference mark points, so that the inclination degree of the camera is determined; tilting the camera forwards or backwards to enable the skull model (1) to be positioned at the center of the vertical direction of the view finder picture of the camera, thus determining the pitching degree of the camera; moving the camera left and right causes the viewfinder to: the distance between the frame left front moving upright post (12) and the frame left rear upright post (13) is equal to the distance between the frame right front moving upright post (15) and the frame right rear upright post (14), namely the exposure degree of auricles at two sides of the skull model (1) is equal, so that the left horizontal position and the right horizontal position of the camera are determined; advancing or retreating the left side or right side of the camera to enable the skull model (1) to be positioned at the center of the horizontal direction of the picture, thus determining the rotation degree of the horizontal direction of the camera body; the focal length of the camera is adjusted, and then the shutter can be pressed down to take a picture;
Side image shooting: the skull model (1) of the training instrument is adjusted to face one side, and at the moment, the frame left front moving upright post (12) and the frame right front moving upright post (15) are still positioned at the vertex positions of right angles at two sides of the front of the positioning frame (2); when a photographer holds the camera to shoot, the camera is firstly moved up and down, so that four horizontal reference mark points on the training instrument are: the first horizontal reference mark point (4), the second horizontal reference mark point (5), the third horizontal reference mark point (6) and the fourth horizontal reference mark point (7) are overlapped on a straight line in the viewfinder, so that the vertical height of the camera is determined; rotating the camera clockwise or counterclockwise, the upper and lower rims of the viewfinder of the camera and four horizontal reference mark points: the first horizontal reference mark point (4), the second horizontal reference mark point (5), the third horizontal reference mark point (6) and the fourth horizontal reference mark point (7) are connected in parallel, so that the inclination degree of the camera is determined; tilting the camera forwards or backwards to enable the skull model (1) to be positioned at the center of the vertical direction of the view finder picture of the camera, thus determining the pitching degree of the camera; moving the camera left and right to enable ciliary tips on two sides of a skull model (1) in the viewfinder to coincide, so that the horizontal left and right positions of the camera are determined; advancing or retreating the left side or right side of the camera to enable the skull model (1) to be positioned at the center of the horizontal direction of the picture, thus determining the rotation degree of the horizontal direction of the camera body; the focal length of the camera is adjusted, and then the shutter can be pressed down to take a picture;
45-degree side image shooting: adjusting a skull model (1) of the training instrument to face forward, at the moment, moving a frame left front moving upright (12) to the rear of a fourth 45-degree side image mark point (30), moving a frame right front moving upright (15) to the right of a second 45-degree side image mark point (9), or moving the frame right front moving upright (15) to the rear of a first 45-degree side image mark point (8), moving the frame left front moving upright (12) to the left of a third 45-degree side image mark point (28), and moving a camera up and down firstly when a photographer holds the camera to shoot, so that three visible horizontal reference mark points on the training instrument are overlapped on a straight line in a viewfinder, and the vertical height of the camera is determined; rotating the camera clockwise or anticlockwise to enable the upper frame and the lower frame of the viewfinder of the camera to be parallel to the connecting lines of the three visible horizontal reference mark points, so that the inclination degree of the camera is determined; tilting the camera forward or backward to center the camera head die in the vertical direction of the viewfinder image of the camera, thus determining the pitching degree of the camera; the camera is moved left and right to make two 45 deg. side image mark points: the second 45-degree side image mark point (9) is connected with the first 45-degree side image mark point (8), or the third 45-degree side image mark point (28) is connected with the fourth 45-degree side image mark point (30) and coincides with the view finding axis, so that the horizontal position of the camera is determined; advancing or retreating the left side or right side of the camera to enable the camera head model (1) to be positioned in the left and right center of the horizontal picture, thus determining the horizontal rotation degree of the camera body; the focal length of the camera is adjusted, and then the shutter can be pressed to take a picture.
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| US20120010533A1 (en) * | 2005-10-17 | 2012-01-12 | Arnett G William | Method for determining the correct natural head position location of references planes relative to a three-dimensional computerized image of a patient's head |
| CN208505910U (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2019-02-15 | 苏州科技大学 | A kind of photogrammetric monitoring device of Bridge Crack automation |
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| CN109770857A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-05-21 | 昆明医科大学附属口腔医院(云南省口腔医院) | A kind of oral cavity is taken pictures positioning device |
| CN109961436B (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2021-05-18 | 北京大学口腔医学院 | Median sagittal plane construction method based on artificial neural network model |
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