CN112746638A

CN112746638A - Automatic pressure feedback type damping energy-saving hydraulic hammer

Info

Publication number: CN112746638A
Application number: CN202110186249.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗斌; 邱东峰
Original assignee: Ma'anshan Anrui Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Ma'anshan Anrui Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-02-17
Filing date: 2021-02-17
Publication date: 2021-05-04

Abstract

The invention discloses a pressure automatic feedback type damping energy-saving hydraulic hammer, which comprises: the invention effectively avoids the matching surface from being damaged by the impact of the piston on the cylinder body, the structural member of a main machine from being damaged and the energy from being wasted.

Description

Automatic pressure feedback type damping energy-saving hydraulic hammer

Technical Field

The invention relates to an engineering machinery accessory, in particular to a pressure automatic feedback type damping energy-saving hydraulic hammer.

Background

The hydraulic hammer is an impact machine which can convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, and is characterized by that it possesses two basic moving components of piston and reversal valve, and they are mutually feedback-controlled, i.e. the reciprocating movement of valve core can control the reversal of piston, and the starting and ending points of every stroke of piston can implement reversal of valve core by means of opening or closing control oil circuit of reversal valve.

To break stone, concrete and other building materials, the hydraulic hammer may be attached to various machines, such as an excavator, a backhoe or other similar machines. The hydraulic hammer is mounted to the arm of the machine and is connected to a hydraulic system. High pressure fluid in the hydraulic system is supplied to the hydraulic hammer to drive a piston in contact with the work tool to reciprocate and strike the work tool, completing the crushing task.

The hammer core (figure 1) of the existing hydraulic hammer mainly comprises: the device comprises a nut 1, a long bolt 2, a nitrogen chamber 3, a piston ring 4, a piston 5, a middle cylinder 6, a lower cylinder 7, an inner sleeve 8, an outer sleeve 9, a drill rod 10, a frequency modulation bolt 11, a reversing valve 12 and an energy accumulator 13. The return movement starts (fig. 1), and the high pressure oil P enters the front chamber through the oil port a1 and acts on the lower end of the spool of the direction valve 12 to stabilize the spool in the state shown in fig. 1. At the moment, a front cavity of the piston is communicated with high-pressure oil P, a rear cavity of the piston is communicated with an oil return T through an oil port a4, the piston 5 is driven by the high-pressure oil P in the front cavity to accelerate return stroke and compress nitrogen in a nitrogen chamber 3 to store energy (if an inflation body is not arranged in the nitrogen chamber 3, a pure hydraulic hammer is arranged), the energy accumulator 13 stores oil, when the piston moves to a control oil port a2 in the return stroke, the high-pressure oil P reaches the upper end of the valve core, the upper end and the lower end of the valve core are communicated with the high-pressure oil, because the effective area of the upper end of the valve core is larger than that of the lower end in the design, the valve core is reversed to a state shown in a drawing (2) under the action of the high-pressure oil, the front cavity and the rear cavity are communicated with the high-pressure oil P, the energy accumulator 13 discharges oil to supplement a hydraulic system, the. When the piston 5 passes over the striking point, the control ports a2 and a3 are communicated and communicated with the return oil T, the upper end of the valve core of the reversing valve 12 is decompressed, the valve core is quickly reversed to the state shown in the figure (1) under the action of the oil pressure at the lower end, the initial state is recovered, the piston 5 starts to return, the next striking cycle is started, and the steps are repeated. The frequency modulation bolt 11 is used for adjusting the flow of the hydraulic oil of the rear cavity, further adjusting the return speed of the piston 5 and adjusting the striking frequency. In the lower cylinder 7, there are rock-breaking drill rods 10, guiding inner and

outer sleeves

8, 9, while the inner and

outer sleeves

8, 9 have the function of protecting the lower cylinder 7 from wear.

The piston 5 rebounds after hitting the drill rod 10, the rebounding energy causes the throttling heating of the frequency modulation bolt 11 because the frequency modulation bolt 11 obstructs the oil return speed of the hydraulic oil in the rear cavity, and the pressure in the rear cavity is inevitably increased rapidly due to the throttling action of the frequency modulation bolt 11, so that a peak value is generated. Due to the high pressure in the rear chamber, the rebound energy cannot be released in time (the rebound speed of the piston 5 is high), which inevitably causes the piston 5 to impact the middle cylinder 6, causing damage (strain) to the piston 5 and the middle cylinder 6. Meanwhile, the vibration of the main machine can be caused, and the strength of the structural part is seriously influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a pressure automatic feedback type damping energy-saving hydraulic hammer, aiming at the phenomena that a matching surface is damaged (pulled) due to the fact that a piston 5 impacts a cylinder body 6, a main machine structural member is damaged by the hydraulic hammer and energy is wasted.

The invention connects the rear cavity of the hydraulic hammer with the b1 port of the shock-absorbing energy-saving valve, the b2 port of the b3 port of the shock-absorbing energy-saving valve is connected with the energy accumulator, when the hydraulic hammer does not work, the valve core of the shock-absorbing energy-saving valve is pressed on the limit end cover under the action of the gas pressure of the gas storage chamber and the high-pressure oil P of the b3 port, when the pressure in the rear cavity rises enough to overcome the gas pressure of the gas storage chamber and the pressure generated by the high-pressure oil P of the b3 port due to the rebound after the piston 5 strikes the drill rod 10, the valve core moves, so that the b1 port is connected with the b2 port, the hydraulic oil of the rear cavity enters the energy accumulator, and the energy is stored.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art hydraulic hammer.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art hydraulic hammer.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic hammer of the present invention.

Figure 4 shock absorbing energy saving valve.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings (main drawings: fig. 3 and 4).

Description of reference numerals:

1 nut 2 long bolt 3 nitrogen chamber 4 piston ring 5 piston 6 in the cylinder body 7 lower cylinder body 8 endotheca 9 overcoat 10 drill rod 11 frequency modulation bolt 12 switching-over valve 13 energy storage device 14 spacing end cover 15 oil blanket 16 shock attenuation energy saving valve case 17 shock attenuation energy saving valve body 18 sealing ring 19 gas storage chamber.

The invention connects the rear cavity of the hydraulic hammer with the port b1 of the damping energy-saving valve body 17, the ports b2 and b3 of the damping energy-saving valve body 17 are connected with the energy accumulator 13, when the hydraulic hammer does not work, the valve core 16 of the damping energy-saving valve is pressed on the limit end cover 14 under the action of the gas pressure (nitrogen is filled in the gas storage chamber) in the gas storage chamber 19 and the high pressure oil P of the port b3, when the piston 5 rebounds after hitting the drill rod 10, the pressure in the rear cavity is higher than the system pressure (high pressure oil P), and the pressure is enough to overcome the gas pressure in the gas storage chamber 19 and the pressure generated by the high pressure oil P of the port b3, the valve core 16 of the damping energy-saving valve moves, so that the port b1 is connected with the port b2, the rear cavity enters the energy accumulator 13 to store energy, and the sealing ring 18 is used for sealing the hydraulic oil and the gas in the gas storage chamber 19.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an energy-saving hydraulic hammer of automatic feedback formula shock attenuation of pressure, includes nut (1), long bolt (2), nitrogen chamber (3), piston ring (4), piston (5), well cylinder body (6), lower cylinder body (7), endotheca (8), overcoat (9), drill rod (10), frequency modulation bolt (11), switching-over valve (12), energy storage ware (13), spacing end cover (14), oil blanket (15), shock attenuation energy-saving valve case (16), shock attenuation energy-saving valve body (17), sealing ring (18), gas receiver (19), its characterized in that: the rear cavity of the hydraulic hammer is communicated with a port (b 1) of a damping energy-saving valve body (17), a port (b 2) and a port (b 3) of the damping energy-saving valve body (17) are communicated with an energy accumulator (13), when the pressure in the rear cavity is higher than the system pressure and is enough to overcome the gas pressure in a gas storage chamber (19) and the pressure generated by high-pressure oil of the port (b 3), a valve core (16) of the damping energy-saving valve moves, so that the port (b 1) and the port (b 2) of the damping energy-saving valve body (17) are communicated, and hydraulic oil in the rear cavity enters the energy accumulator (13) to store energy.