CN112695244B - 低碳当量易焊接q690d工程机械用钢板及其生产方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种低碳当量易焊接Q690D工程机械用钢板及其生产方法,属于冶金技术领域。钢板化学成分及重量配比为C:0.06~0.08%、Si:0.20~0.30%、Mn:1.10~1.35%、P≤0.02%、S≤0.01%、Cr:0.20~0.35%、Nb:0.02~0.03%、Ti:0.009~0.02%、Als:0.02~0.04%、B:0.0012~0.0015%,余量为Fe和不可避免杂质;钢板Ceq<0.4,Pcm<0.2。其生产方法包括加热、轧制、轧后直接淬火和回火工序;淬火工序终冷温度≤200℃。本发明在低碳当量和低焊接裂纹敏感指数条件下,保证了强度和低温韧性满足要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于冶金技术领域,具体涉及一种低碳当量易焊接Q690D工程机械用钢板及其生产方法。
背景技术
Q690D级别的高强钢主要用于挖掘机械、工程起重机械、矿山机械以及工业车辆等设备主要部件的制造。随着工程机械向大型化、强量化的方向发展,屈服强度690MPa级甚至更高强度级别的钢在工程机械设备中所占比例越来越大,对Q690级别的高强钢要求也越来越高,不仅要求其具有稳定的力学性能,对焊接性能也提出了更高的要求。目前,在煤矿液压支架生产过程中,Q550D已经实现了焊前无需预热,但Q690D仍需要经过预热才能保证焊接性能及质量。焊前预热不仅延长了生产工序,也增加了生产成本。因此,急需开发一种无需焊前预热的Q690D钢。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种低碳当量易焊接Q690D工程机械用钢板及其生产方法。该钢板在低碳当量和低焊接裂纹敏感指数的条件下,强度和低温冲击韧性满足Q690D的要求。本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种低碳当量易焊接Q690D工程机械用钢板,所述钢板化学成分及质量百分含量为C:0.06~0.08%、Si:0.20~0.30%、Mn:1.10~1.35%、P≤0.02%、S≤0.01%、Cr:0.20~0.35%、Nb:0.02~0.03%、Ti:0.009~0.02%、Als:0.02~0.04%、B:0.0012~0.0015%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质;钢板碳当量Ceq<0.4,焊接裂纹敏感指数Pcm<0.2;
其中,Ceq=C+Mn/6+(Cr+Mo+V)/5+(Cu+Ni)/15;Pcm=C+Si/30+(Mn+Cu+Cr)/20+Ni/60+Mo/15+V/10+5B。
所述钢板厚度为20~40mm,钢板组织为回火马氏体+贝氏体;钢板屈服强度≥750MPa,抗拉强度≥830MPa,延伸率≥17%,-20℃横向冲击功≥200J。
上述低碳当量易焊接Q690D工程机械用钢板的生产方法包括加热、轧制、淬火和回火工序。
所述加热工序,加热温度1180~1220℃,总加热时间>10min/mm。
所述轧制工序,第一阶段为粗轧阶段,开轧温度1050~1150℃;第二阶段为精轧阶段,开轧温度≤950℃,终轧温度控制在800~830℃。
所述淬火工序,采用轧后直接淬火,开冷温度≥780℃,终冷温度≤200℃,冷却速度≥20℃/s。
所述回火工序,采用回火炉进行回火,加热温度520~550℃,保温系数3~3.5min/mm,出炉后空冷。
本发明设计思路如下:
碳当量和焊接裂纹敏感指数是影响焊接工艺最直接的因素。研究表明,当碳当量低于0.4、焊接裂纹敏感指数低于0.2时,焊前可不进行预热。较低的碳当量能够改善焊接性能,但降低了钢的淬透性,不利于提高钢板的强度。在钢种添加一定量的Cr能够显著提高钢的淬透性,同时,Cr还能够起到提高强度的作用。在钢中加入微量的硼(0.0005~0.005%)即可显著提高钢的淬透性,此时对其它性能等无影响或影响甚小,在淬火+低温回火后,能得到良好的冲击韧性。本发明采用低碳含量微合金化思想,加入适量的Cr和B元素,提高钢的淬透性,并充分利用轧后的控冷工艺和调质热处理工艺,使钢板得到回火马氏体+贝氏体组织,具有良好的力学性能和焊接性能。
本发明钢板碳当量Ceq<0.4,焊接裂纹敏感指数Pcm<0.2;钢板厚度为20~40mm,屈服强度≥750MPa,抗拉强度≥830MPa,延伸率≥17%,-20℃横向冲击功≥200J。在低碳当量和低焊接裂纹敏感指数的条件下,钢板强度和低温冲击韧性满足Q690D的要求,在制备工程机械部件过程中无需焊前预热,也能保证其焊接性能及质量,缩短了下游企业的生产工序。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1钢板的典型金相组织图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明。
实施例1-10
一种低碳当量易焊接Q690D工程机械用钢板的生产方法,其工艺流程主要包括加热、轧制、淬火和回火工序。
加热工序,加热温度1180~1220℃,总加热时间>10min/mm。
轧制工序,第一阶段为粗轧阶段,开轧温度1050~1150℃;第二阶段为精轧阶段,开轧温度≤950℃,终轧温度控制在800~830℃。
淬火工序,采用轧后直接淬火,开冷温度≥780℃,终冷温度≤200℃,冷却速度≥20℃/s。
回火工序,采用回火炉进行回火,加热温度520~550℃,保温系数3~3.5min/mm,出炉后空冷。
各实施例采用260mm厚连铸坯,生产工序参数见表1,所得钢板化学成分及质量百分含量见表2,钢板规格及性能见表3。
表1. 各实施例生产工序参数
表2. 各实施例钢板化学成分及质量百分含量(%)
表3. 各实施例钢板规格及性能
Claims (4)
1.一种低碳当量易焊接Q690D工程机械用钢板,其特征在于,所述钢板化学成分及质量百分含量为C:0.06~0.08%、Si:0.20~0.30%、Mn:1.10~1.35%、P≤0.02%、S≤0.01%、Cr:0.20~0.35%、Nb:0.02~0.03%、Ti:0.009~0.02%、Als:0.02~0.04%、B:0.0012~0.0015%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质;钢板碳当量Ceq<0.4,焊接裂纹敏感指数Pcm<0.2;
所述钢板由下述方法生产,其包括加热、轧制、淬火和回火工序;所述加热工序,加热温度1180~1220℃,总加热时间>10min/mm;所述轧制工序,第一阶段为粗轧阶段,开轧温度1050~1150℃;第二阶段为精轧阶段,开轧温度≤950℃,终轧温度控制在800~830℃;所述淬火工序,采用轧后直接淬火,开冷温度≥780℃,终冷温度≤200℃,冷却速度≥20℃/s;所述回火工序,采用回火炉进行回火,加热温度520~550℃,保温系数3~3.5min/mm,出炉后空冷。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低碳当量易焊接Q690D工程机械用钢板,其特征在于,所述钢板厚度为20~40mm,钢板组织为回火马氏体+贝氏体。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的低碳当量易焊接Q690D工程机械用钢板,其特征在于,所述钢板屈服强度≥750MPa,抗拉强度≥830MPa,延伸率≥17%,-20℃横向冲击功≥200J。
4.基于权利要求1-3任一项所述的低碳当量易焊接Q690D工程机械用钢板的生产方法,其特征在于,所述生产方法包括加热、轧制、淬火和回火工序;
所述加热工序,加热温度1180~1220℃,总加热时间>10min/mm;
所述轧制工序,第一阶段为粗轧阶段,开轧温度1050~1150℃;第二阶段为精轧阶段,开轧温度≤950℃,终轧温度控制在800~830℃;
所述淬火工序,采用轧后直接淬火,开冷温度≥780℃,终冷温度≤200℃,冷却速度≥20℃/s;
所述回火工序,采用回火炉进行回火,加热温度520~550℃,保温系数3~3.5min/mm,出炉后空冷。
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