CN112640759A - Sand pillar and method for improving secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring grassland ecology by using same - Google Patents

Sand pillar and method for improving secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring grassland ecology by using same Download PDF

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CN112640759A
CN112640759A CN202011413414.9A CN202011413414A CN112640759A CN 112640759 A CN112640759 A CN 112640759A CN 202011413414 A CN202011413414 A CN 202011413414A CN 112640759 A CN112640759 A CN 112640759A
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sand
layer
resistant
soil
column
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CN112640759B (en
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白寅祯
王召明
贺勇
彭龙
王乌恩巴图
高鸿永
滕庆山
郭英杰
陈晓杰
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Inner Mongolia Mengcao Mining Technology Co ltd
Inner Mongolia Pingzhuang Coal Group Co Ltd
Inner Mongolia M Grass Ecological Environment Group Co Ltd
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Inner Mongolia Mengcao Mining Technology Co ltd
Inner Mongolia Pingzhuang Coal Group Co Ltd
Inner Mongolia M Grass Ecological Environment Group Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a sand column which comprises a cultivated soil layer and a bright sand layer, wherein the bright sand layer comprises a fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer, a fine sand layer and a coarse sand layer. The sand column is convenient to operate, good in water and air permeability, low in resource investment, low in construction difficulty and capable of saving soil remediation cost. The invention also discloses a sand column and a method for improving the secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring grassland ecology by using the sand column. Wherein the sand columns are arranged in a double V shape and/or a rhombus shape; the sand columns can accelerate the infiltration speed of water, improve the soil desalination rate, are not only suitable for ecological restoration of the saline-alkali soil which is not improved, but also can be used for restoring the saline-alkali soil which is desertified again due to the careless management and maintenance for a period of time after the improvement, provide a theoretical and practical method for improving the secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring the grassland ecology, and have popularization significance.

Description

Sand pillar and method for improving secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring grassland ecology by using same
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement and grassland ecology restoration, in particular to a sand column and a method for improving secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring grassland ecology by using the sand column.
Background
Along with the unreasonable utilization modes of environment change, excessive reclamation, overload grazing, heavy use and light culture, plunder type operation and the like, the structural defect and the functional disorder of a grassland ecological system are caused, the coordination relationship between organisms and the environment is destroyed, the salinization phenomenon of the grassland is promoted to be aggravated, the ecological environment is gradually worsened, and the biological diversity is reduced. Under the usual condition, groundwater and surface soil water are in certain dynamic balance state, but when the weather is arid, the soil evaporation capacity increases, causes lower part soil moisture to move up along the soil capillary, and the salinity of soil also moves along with soil moisture upward simultaneously, and evaporation loss takes place after moisture reachs the soil top layer, and the salinity is then accumulated at the soil top layer, and in the past, when surface soil salinity ion reaches certain concentration, will cause soil salinization. The invention provides a sand column and a method for improving secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring grassland ecology by using the sand column, aiming at solving the problems of poor water and air permeability, low organic matter content and reduced soil fertility of the saline-alkali soil.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a sand column which comprises a cultivated soil layer and a bright sand layer. The sand column is convenient to operate, good in water and air permeability, low in resource investment, low in construction difficulty and low in cost.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a method for improving secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring grassland ecology by utilizing sand columns, solve the problems of poor water and air permeability, low organic matter content and reduced soil fertility of the saline-alkali soil, and provide a technical scheme for improving the saline-alkali soil and preventing the improved soil from salt return and restoring the grassland ecology.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a sand column comprises a cultivated soil layer 1 and a clear sand layer 2;
the cultivated soil layer 1 and the clear sand layer 2 are arranged from the ground surface downwards in sequence;
the sand layer 2 comprises a fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3, a fine sand layer 4 and a coarse sand layer 5, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.
Moreover, the height of the sand column 6 is 80-120 cm;
and the height ratio of the cultivated soil layer 1 to the clear sand layer 2 is 3-5: 4-5.
Moreover, the height ratio of the fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3 to the fine sand layer 4 to the coarse sand layer 5 is 1-2:1-2: 3-5;
moreover, the mixing mass ratio of the fine sand to the organic fertilizer in the fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3 is 8-10: 1-2;
moreover, the diameter of the sand grains of the coarse sand is 0.8-1.5 mm; the diameter of the fine sand grains is 0.3-0.8 mm.
A method for improving secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring grassland ecology by utilizing the sand column comprises the arrangement mode of the sand column 6, the construction of the sand column 6, and the improvement of the secondary saline-alkali soil and the restoration of the grassland ecology by utilizing the sand column 6;
the arrangement mode of the sand columns 6 is double V-shaped layout or/and rhombic layout;
the double-V layout comprises: when the permeability coefficient is less than 1.2 x 10-6cm/s, soil volume weight>1.8g/cm3Dividing the land to be improved into a plurality of squares;
a sand column 6 is arranged at the center of each square;
the sand columns 6 are arranged at 1/2 positions of the outermost transverse edge of the first row of squares, saline-alkali-resistant, anion-resistant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant and low plants 7 are arranged at the vertexes, the sand columns 6 are arranged at 1/2 positions of the two longitudinal edges, the sand columns 6 are arranged at the vertexes of the transverse edge shared by the squares of the second row, and the saline-alkali-resistant, anion-resistant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant and low plants 7 are arranged at 1/2 positions of the transverse edge shared by the squares of the second row;
arranging sand columns 6 at 1/2 positions of two longitudinal sides of the second row of squares, arranging sand columns 6 at 1/2 positions of a transverse side shared by the second row of squares and the third row of squares, and arranging saline-alkali-resistant, shade-resistant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant and low plants 7 at the top points;
the sand columns 6 from the third row to the Nth row are circularly arranged according to the square arrangement mode of the first row and the second row;
the diamond layout is as follows: when the permeability coefficient is 6 x 10-5-5.6×10-4cm/s, soil volume weight of 1.6-1.8g/cm3Dividing the land to be improved into a plurality of squares;
a sand column 6 is arranged at the center of each square;
arranging sand columns 6 at the vertexes of the common transverse edges of the first row of squares and the second row of squares, arranging saline-alkali-resistant, shade-resistant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant and low-rise plants 7 at 1/2 positions, arranging the sand columns 6 at the vertexes of the common transverse edges of the third row of squares and the fourth row of squares, and arranging the saline-alkali-resistant, shade-resistant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant and low-rise plants 7 at 1/2 positions;
by analogy, sand columns 6 are arranged at the vertexes of the transverse edges shared by the squares in the Nth row and the (N + 1) th row, and saline-alkali-tolerant, shade-tolerant, cold-tolerant, drought-tolerant and low plants 7 are arranged at the 1/2 positions;
the construction of the sand column specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting the arrangement mode of the sand columns 6 according to the permeability coefficient and the volume weight, and punching holes in a specified place by using punching equipment;
(2) filling a coarse sand layer 5, a fine sand layer 4, a fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3 and a cultivated soil layer 1 into the holes in sequence according to the height ratio;
the method for improving the secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring the grassland ecology by utilizing the sand columns comprises the following steps:
(1) punching holes according to the arrangement mode of sand columns 6 by using punching equipment, and sequentially filling a coarse sand layer 5, a fine sand layer 4, a fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3 and a cultivated soil layer 1 into the holes according to the height ratio;
(2) and planting saline-alkali-tolerant, shade-tolerant, cold-tolerant, drought-tolerant and short plants 7 in corresponding areas according to the sand column arrangement mode.
Furthermore, the sides of the square are 1.2-1.8 m.
And, when the permeability coefficient is less than 1.2X 10-6cm/s, soil volume weight>1.8g/cm3The diameter of each sand column hole is 8-10cm, and the distance between the centers of the adjacent sand column holes is 60-150 cm; when the permeability coefficient is 6 x 10-5-5.6×10-4cm/s, soil volume weight of 1.6-1.8g/cm3The diameter of each sand column hole is 5-8cm, and the distance between the centers of the adjacent sand column holes is 60-150 cm.
And the saline-alkali-resistant, yin-tolerant, cold-resistant, drought-tolerant and low-dwarfing plant 7 is leymus chinensis, suaeda glauca, elytrigia repens, Chinese globeflower and limonium bicolor.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the sand column designed by the invention is convenient to operate, good in water and air permeability, low in resource investment and construction difficulty, and saves the soil remediation cost.
2. The sand column designed by the invention comprises a cultivated soil layer and a clear sand layer, wherein the clear sand layer comprises a fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer, a fine sand layer and a coarse sand layer, the saline-alkali soil is poor in water and air permeability and low in soil fertility, the sand column designed by the invention improves the water transportation capacity of the soil through the pores among sand grains, and meanwhile, organic fertilizer is added into the sand column, so that organic matters can enter the salinized soil, the fertility of the saline-alkali soil is increased, and the purpose of improving the saline-alkali soil is achieved.
3. The sand column designed by the invention is not only suitable for ecological restoration of the saline-alkali soil which is not improved, but also can be used for restoring the saline-alkali soil which is subjected to secondary desertification caused by sparse management and maintenance for a period of time after improvement.
4. The sand column designed by the invention can accelerate the infiltration speed of water, improve the soil desalination rate which is up to 88 percent, and prevent the occurrence of secondary salinization of the transformed soil.
5. The sand column designed by the invention can improve the salinized grassland, protect the grassland ecology, improve the comprehensive capacity of the grassland, improve the regional ecological environment and the utilization rate of the barren land resources, and simultaneously realize the purpose of improving the utilization rate of natural rainfall.
6. The invention selects leymus chinensis, suaeda glauca, elytrigia repens, Chinese globeflower and limonium bicolor as saline-alkali resistant, yin-tolerant, cold-tolerant, drought-tolerant and low-dwarfing plants, and arranges the plants in the appointed places around the sand columns according to the layout of double V-shaped and/or rhombus, thereby not only reducing the salt content of the soil, but also reducing the evaporation quantity of the soil and slowing the salt content from moving upwards by increasing the vegetation coverage.
7. The invention provides two sand column arrangement modes which can be selected according to the permeability coefficient and the soil capacity, or the two arrangement modes can be combined for use, and the diameter of the sand column hole and the range of the center distance between the adjacent sand column holes are clear, thereby providing theoretical and practical basis for improving secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring grassland ecology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sand column structure
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a double V layout;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a diamond layout structure;
in the figure: 1-cultivated soil layer, 2-sand layer, 3-fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer, 4-fine sand layer, 5-coarse sand layer, 6-sand column, 7-saline-alkali resistant, yin-tolerant, cold-tolerant, drought-tolerant and short plant.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
The experimental methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials, reagents and the like used are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the sand column comprises a cultivated soil layer 1 and a clear sand layer 2;
the cultivated soil layer 1 and the clear sand layer 2 are arranged from the ground surface downwards in sequence;
the sand layer comprises a fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3, a fine sand layer 4 and a coarse sand layer 5, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.
In the implementation, the height of the sand column 6 is 80 cm;
in the implementation, the height ratio of the cultivated soil layer 1 to the clear sand layer 2 is 3: 4.
In the implementation, the height ratio of the fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3 to the fine sand layer 4 to the coarse sand layer 5 is 2:2: 3;
in the implementation, the mixing mass ratio of the fine sand to the organic fertilizer in the fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3 is 8: 1;
in the implementation, the diameter of the sand grains of the coarse sand is 0.6-1.0 mm; the diameter of the fine sand grains is 0.3-0.4 mm.
A method for improving secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring grassland ecology by utilizing the sand columns comprises the arrangement mode of the sand columns 6, the construction of the sand columns 6, and the improvement of the secondary saline-alkali soil and the restoration of the grassland ecology by utilizing the sand columns 6.
In this embodiment, the arrangement of the sand columns 6 is a double-V layout;
the double-V layout comprises: permeability coefficient less than 1.2 x 10-6cm/s, soilVolume weight of soil>1.8g/cm3Dividing the land to be improved into a plurality of squares;
a sand column 6 is arranged at the center of each square;
the sand columns 6 are arranged at 1/2 positions of the outermost transverse edge of the first row of squares, saline-alkali-resistant, anion-resistant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant and low plants 7 are arranged at the vertexes, the sand columns 6 are arranged at 1/2 positions of the two longitudinal edges, the sand columns 6 are arranged at the vertexes of the transverse edge shared by the squares of the second row, and the saline-alkali-resistant, anion-resistant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant and low plants 7 are arranged at 1/2 positions of the transverse edge shared by the squares of the second row;
arranging sand columns 6 at 1/2 positions of two longitudinal sides of the second row of squares, arranging sand columns 6 at 1/2 positions of a transverse side shared by the second row of squares and the third row of squares, and arranging saline-alkali-resistant, shade-resistant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant and low plants 7 at the top points;
the sand columns 6 from the third row to the Nth row are circularly arranged according to the square arrangement mode of the first row and the second row;
moreover, the construction of the sand column specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting the arrangement mode of the sand columns 6 according to the permeability coefficient and the volume weight, and punching holes in a specified place by using punching equipment;
(2) filling a coarse sand layer 5, a fine sand layer 4, a fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3 and a cultivated soil layer 1 into the holes in sequence according to the height ratio;
in the implementation, the method for improving the secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring the grassland ecology by using the sand columns specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) punching holes according to the arrangement mode of sand columns 6 by using punching equipment, and sequentially filling a coarse sand layer 5, a fine sand layer 4, a fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3 and a cultivated soil layer 1 into the holes according to the height ratio;
(2) and planting saline-alkali-tolerant, shade-tolerant, cold-tolerant, drought-tolerant and short plants 7 in corresponding areas according to the sand column arrangement mode.
In this embodiment, the side length of the square is 1.2 m.
In this embodiment, the permeability coefficient is less than 1.2 × 10-6cm/s, soil volume weight>1.8g/cm3The diameter of each sand column hole is 8cm, and adjacent sand column holesThe center distance of (a) is 60 cm;
in this embodiment, the saline-alkali-tolerant, yin-tolerant, cold-tolerant, drought-tolerant and dwarf plant 7 is leymus chinensis, suaeda glauca, elytrigia repens, loguata, loguat bicolor.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the sand column comprises a cultivated soil layer 1 and a clear sand layer 2;
the cultivated soil layer 1 and the clear sand layer 2 are arranged from the ground surface downwards in sequence;
the sand layer comprises a fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3, a fine sand layer 4 and a coarse sand layer 5, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.
In the present embodiment, the height of the sand column 6 is 120 cm;
in the implementation, the height ratio of the cultivated soil layer 1 to the clear sand layer 2 is 3: 5.
In the implementation, the height ratio of the fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3 to the fine sand layer 4 to the coarse sand layer 5 is 1:1: 5;
in the implementation, the mixing mass ratio of the fine sand to the organic fertilizer in the fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3 is 10: 1;
in the implementation, the diameter of the sand grains of the coarse sand is 1.2-1.5 mm; the diameter of the fine sand grains is 0.7-0.9 mm.
A method for improving secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring grassland ecology by utilizing the sand columns comprises the arrangement mode of the sand columns 6, the construction of the sand columns 6, and the improvement of the secondary saline-alkali soil and the restoration of the grassland ecology by utilizing the sand columns 6.
In this embodiment, the sand columns 6 are arranged in a rhombic shape;
the diamond layout is as follows: permeability coefficient of 6X 10-5-5.6×10-4cm/s, soil volume weight of 1.6-1.8g/cm3Dividing the land to be improved into a plurality of squares;
a sand column 6 is arranged at the center of each square;
arranging sand columns 6 at the vertexes of the common transverse edges of the first row of squares and the second row of squares, arranging saline-alkali-resistant, shade-resistant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant and low-rise plants 7 at 1/2 positions, arranging the sand columns 6 at the vertexes of the common transverse edges of the third row of squares and the fourth row of squares, and arranging the saline-alkali-resistant, shade-resistant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant and low-rise plants 7 at 1/2 positions;
by analogy, sand columns 6 are arranged at the vertexes of the transverse edges shared by the squares in the Nth row and the (N + 1) th row, and saline-alkali-tolerant, shade-tolerant, cold-tolerant, drought-tolerant and low plants 7 are arranged at the 1/2 positions;
moreover, the construction of the sand column specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting the arrangement mode of the sand columns 6 according to the permeability coefficient and the volume weight, and punching holes in a specified place by using punching equipment;
(2) filling a coarse sand layer 5, a fine sand layer 4, a fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3 and a cultivated soil layer 1 into the holes in sequence according to the height ratio;
in the implementation, the method for improving the secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring the grassland ecology by using the sand columns specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) punching holes according to the arrangement mode of sand columns 6 by using punching equipment, and sequentially filling a coarse sand layer 5, a fine sand layer 4, a fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3 and a cultivated soil layer 1 into the holes according to the height ratio;
(2) and planting saline-alkali-tolerant, shade-tolerant, cold-tolerant, drought-tolerant and short plants 7 in corresponding areas according to the sand column arrangement mode.
In this embodiment, the side length of the square is 1.8 m.
In this embodiment, the permeability coefficient is 6X 10-5-5.6×10-4cm/s, soil volume weight of 1.6-1.8g/cm3The diameter of each sand column hole is 8cm, and the distance between the centers of the adjacent sand column holes is 150 cm.
In this embodiment, the saline-alkali-tolerant, yin-tolerant, cold-tolerant, drought-tolerant and dwarf plant 7 is leymus chinensis, suaeda glauca, elytrigia repens, loguata, loguat bicolor.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the sand column comprises a cultivated soil layer 1 and a clear sand layer 2;
the cultivated soil layer 1 and the clear sand layer 2 are arranged from the ground surface downwards in sequence;
the sand layer comprises a fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3, a fine sand layer 4 and a coarse sand layer 5, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.
In the present embodiment, the height of the sand column 6 is 100 cm;
in the implementation, the height ratio of the cultivated soil layer 1 to the clear sand layer 2 is 5: 5.
In the implementation, the height ratio of the fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3 to the fine sand layer 4 to the coarse sand layer 5 is 2:1: 3;
in the implementation, the mixing mass ratio of the fine sand to the organic fertilizer in the fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3 is 9: 1.5;
in the implementation, the diameter of the sand grains of the coarse sand is 0.9-1.1 mm; the diameter of the fine sand grains is 0.5-0.7 mm.
A method for improving secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring grassland ecology by utilizing the sand columns comprises the arrangement mode of the sand columns 6, the construction of the sand columns 6, and the improvement of the secondary saline-alkali soil and the restoration of the grassland ecology by utilizing the sand columns 6.
In this embodiment, the sand columns 6 are arranged in a double-V layout or/and a diamond layout;
the double-V layout comprises: permeability coefficient less than 1.2 x 10-6cm/s, soil volume weight>1.8g/cm3Dividing the land to be improved into a plurality of squares;
a sand column 6 is arranged at the center of each square;
the sand columns 6 are arranged at 1/2 positions of the outermost transverse edge of the first row of squares, saline-alkali-resistant, anion-resistant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant and low plants 7 are arranged at the vertexes, the sand columns 6 are arranged at 1/2 positions of the two longitudinal edges, the sand columns 6 are arranged at the vertexes of the transverse edge shared by the squares of the second row, and the saline-alkali-resistant, anion-resistant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant and low plants 7 are arranged at 1/2 positions of the transverse edge shared by the squares of the second row;
arranging sand columns 6 at 1/2 positions of two longitudinal sides of the second row of squares, arranging sand columns 6 at 1/2 positions of a transverse side shared by the second row of squares and the third row of squares, and arranging saline-alkali-resistant, shade-resistant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant and low plants 7 at the top points;
the sand columns 6 from the third row to the Nth row are circularly arranged according to the square arrangement mode of the first row and the second row;
moreover, the construction of the sand column specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting the arrangement mode of the sand columns 6 according to the permeability coefficient and the volume weight, and punching holes in a specified place by using punching equipment;
(2) filling a coarse sand layer 5, a fine sand layer 4, a fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3 and a cultivated soil layer 1 into the holes in sequence according to the height ratio;
in the implementation, the method for improving the secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring the grassland ecology by using the sand columns specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) punching holes according to the arrangement mode of sand columns 6 by using punching equipment, and sequentially filling a coarse sand layer 5, a fine sand layer 4, a fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3 and a cultivated soil layer 1 into the holes according to the height ratio;
(2) and planting saline-alkali-tolerant, shade-tolerant, cold-tolerant, drought-tolerant and short plants 7 in corresponding areas according to the sand column arrangement mode.
In this embodiment, the side length of the square is 1.6 m.
In this embodiment, the permeability coefficient is less than 1.2 × 10-6cm/s, soil volume weight>1.8g/cm3The diameter of each sand column hole is 9cm, and the distance between the centers of the adjacent sand column holes is 100 cm;
in this embodiment, the saline-alkali-tolerant, yin-tolerant, cold-tolerant, drought-tolerant and dwarf plant 7 is leymus chinensis, suaeda glauca, elytrigia repens, loguata, loguat bicolor.
Example 4
Application background: the project is located in the northeast of the right central flag of inner Mongolia survey, the east is 112 degrees 34 '-112 degrees 42', the north latitude is 41 degrees 35 '-41 degrees 42', the project area belongs to the village of Bayin, the west and the country of Doudang, the southwest Huangyan Yangchun village, the north adjacent Bangji river, the southeast is connected with the west and the water spring village, and the occupied area is 206.87 hectares. The project area belongs to a moderate-latitude continental monsoon climate in a medium-temperature zone, belongs to a mild dry early climate area, is cold in winter, mild in summer, windy in spring and autumn, cold and dry, windy and rainy, and has the average temperature of 3.8 ℃ for years, the annual precipitation is about 300mm, and is mostly concentrated in months 6, 7 and 8, and accounts for about 60% of the annual rainfall. The average annual evaporation capacity is 1089mm, the maximum temperature in extreme days is 31.4 ℃, the minimum temperature in extreme days is-36 ℃, the maximum depth of a frozen soil layer is 1.8m, the temperature is more than 10 ℃, the accumulated temperature is 2185-3106 ℃, the frost-free period is 120d, the average annual wind speed is 5m/s, and the maximum extreme wind speed is 20 m/s. The project area soil is mainly chestnut calcium soil, the soil texture is sticky and heavy, and the soil saline and alkaline are heavy. The pH value of the soil is up to 9.5, the salt content of the soil is about 0.2-0.5%, the grain diameter of the surface soil is fine, and the soil compactness of the plough layer is good.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the sand column comprises a cultivated soil layer 1 and a clear sand layer 2;
the cultivated soil layer 1 and the clear sand layer 2 are arranged from the ground surface downwards in sequence;
the sand layer comprises a fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3, a fine sand layer 4 and a coarse sand layer 5, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.
In the present embodiment, the height of the sand column 6 is 110 cm;
in the implementation, the height ratio of the cultivated soil layer 1 to the clear sand layer 2 is 4: 5.
In the implementation, the height ratio of the fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3 to the fine sand layer 4 to the coarse sand layer 5 is 1:1: 5;
in the implementation, the mixing mass ratio of the fine sand to the organic fertilizer in the fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3 is 8: 1;
in the implementation, the diameter of the sand grains of the coarse sand is 0.8-1.5 mm; the diameter of the fine sand grains is 0.3-0.8 mm.
A method for improving secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring grassland ecology by utilizing the sand columns comprises the arrangement mode of the sand columns 6, the construction of the sand columns 6, and the improvement of the secondary saline-alkali soil and the restoration of the grassland ecology by utilizing the sand columns 6.
In this embodiment, the permeability coefficient of the soil in the project field is less than 1.2 × 10-6cm/s, soil volume weight>1.8g/cm3A double V-shaped layout is selected.
Dividing the land to be improved into a plurality of squares; the side length of the square is 1.8 m;
arranging sand columns 6 at the centers of the squares, wherein the diameter of each sand column hole is 10cm, and the distance between the centers of the adjacent sand column holes is 60-150 cm;
the sand columns 6 are arranged at 1/2 positions of the outermost transverse edge of the first row of squares, saline-alkali-resistant, anion-resistant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant and low plants 7 are arranged at the vertexes, the sand columns 6 are arranged at 1/2 positions of the two longitudinal edges, the sand columns 6 are arranged at the vertexes of the transverse edge shared by the squares of the second row, and the saline-alkali-resistant, anion-resistant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant and low plants 7 are arranged at 1/2 positions of the transverse edge shared by the squares of the second row;
arranging sand columns 6 at 1/2 positions of two longitudinal sides of the second row of squares, arranging sand columns 6 at 1/2 positions of a transverse side shared by the second row of squares and the third row of squares, and arranging saline-alkali-resistant, shade-resistant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant and low plants 7 at the top points; the sand columns 6 from the third row to the Nth row are circularly arranged according to the square arrangement mode of the first row and the second row;
in this implementation, the construction of the sand column specifically includes the following steps:
(1) punching holes in a designated place by using punching equipment according to a double-V layout mode;
(2) a coarse sand layer 5, a fine sand layer 4, a fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3 and a cultivated soil layer 1 are sequentially filled in the hole at the height of the embodiment;
in the implementation, the method for improving the secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring the grassland ecology by using the sand columns specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) punching holes according to the double-V-shaped layout by using punching equipment, and sequentially filling a coarse sand layer 5, a fine sand layer 4, a fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer 3 and a cultivated soil layer 1 into the holes according to the height ratio of the embodiment;
(2) and planting saline-alkali tolerant, shade-tolerant, cold-tolerant, drought-tolerant and low plants 7 in corresponding areas according to the double-V type layout.
In this embodiment, the saline-alkali-tolerant, yin-tolerant, cold-tolerant, drought-tolerant and dwarf plant 7 is leymus chinensis, suaeda glauca, elytrigia repens, loguata, loguat bicolor.
After the inner Mongolia observation of the northeastern part of the right middle flag is improved by the method for 6 months, in order to verify the effect of the sand columns, the sand columns in the centers of the squares are selected as a test group, 5 sand columns are randomly selected and numbered 1-5, and the salt content at a position 20cm away from the ground surface is measured to be used as the initial salt content. And selecting positions of 10cm, 20cm, 30cm and 40cm on the right side of the center of the sand column hole in the horizontal direction as sampling points, wherein the sampling depth is 20cm away from the ground surface.
The salt content measured after 48 hours of water filling is shown in table 1;
TABLE 1 salt Change table at sample points of sand columns 1-5 after 6 months of improvement
Figure 753369DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Note: the data in table 1 refer to the percentage by mass of the soil.
The salt content of the sand column 1 at the position of 10cm is reduced to 0.18% from 0.49%, the salt content is reduced by 63.3%, the salt content of the sand column 2 is reduced to 0.16% from 0.46%, and the salt content is reduced by 65.2%; the salt content of the sand column 3 is reduced to 0.18% from 0.50%, and the salt content is reduced by 64%; the salt content of the sand column 4 is reduced to 0.17 percent from 0.47 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 63.8 percent; the salt content of the sand column 5 is reduced from 0.50% to 0.19%, and the salt content is reduced by 62%;
the salt content of the sand column 1 at the position of 20cm is reduced to 0.24% from 0.49%, and the salt content is reduced by 51%; the salt content of the sand column 2 is reduced to 0.23 percent from 0.46 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 50 percent; the salt content of the sand column 3 is reduced to 0.25 percent from 0.50 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 50 percent; the salt content of the sand column 4 is reduced to 0.24 percent from 0.47 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 48.9 percent; the salt content of the sand column 5 is reduced to 0.26 percent from 0.50 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 48 percent;
the salt content of the sand column 1 at the position of 30cm is reduced to 0.31 percent from 0.49 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 36.7 percent; the salt content of the sand column 2 is reduced to 0.30 percent from 0.46 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 34.8 percent; the salt content of the sand column 3 is reduced to 0.32% from 0.50%, and the salt content is reduced by 36%; the salt content of the sand column 4 is reduced to 0.32% from 0.47%, and the salt content is reduced by 31.9%; the salt content of the sand column 5 is reduced to 0.33% from 0.50%, and the salt content is reduced by 34%;
the salt content of the sand column 1 at the position of 40cm is reduced to 0.39% from 0.49%, and the salt content is reduced by 20.4%; the salt content of the sand column 2 is reduced to 0.38 percent from 0.46 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 17.4 percent; the salt content of the sand column 3 is reduced to 0.40 percent from 0.50 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 20 percent; the salt content of the sand column 4 is reduced to 0.39 percent from 0.47 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 17 percent; the salt content of the sand column 5 is reduced to 0.41 percent from 0.50 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 6 percent.
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the sand columns have a good effect of reducing the salt content in the soil, the salt content is reduced by 65.2% at most, along with the continuous expansion of the distance from the center of the sand column hole, the salt content in the soil is increased to some extent, the water permeability and the air permeability of the soil can be increased by the visible sand columns, and the moisture can carry the salt to be transported downwards, so that the salt content of the soil plough layer is reduced.
After the inner Mongolia observation of the northeastern part of the right middle flag is improved by the method for 12 months, in order to verify the slow release effect of the sand columns, the sand columns in the centers of the squares are selected as a test group, 5 sand columns are randomly selected and numbered 1-5, and the salt content at a position 20cm away from the ground surface is determined as the initial salt content. And selecting positions of 10cm, 20cm, 30cm and 40cm on the right side of the center of the sand column hole in the horizontal direction as sampling points, wherein the sampling depth is 20cm away from the ground surface.
The salt content measured after 48 hours of water filling is shown in table 2;
TABLE 2 salt content change table at sampling points of sand column 1-5 after 12 months of improvement
Figure 404930DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Note: the data in table 2 refer to the percentage by mass of the soil.
The salt content of the sand column 1 at the position of 10cm is reduced to 0.14% from 0.49%, the salt content is reduced by 71.4%, the salt content of the sand column 2 is reduced to 0.13% from 0.46%, and the salt content is reduced by 71.7%; the salt content of the sand column 3 is reduced to 0.15% from 0.50%, and the salt content is reduced by 70%; the salt content of the sand column 4 is reduced to 0.14 percent from 0.47 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 70.2 percent; the salt content of the sand column 5 is reduced to 0.16% from 0.50%, and the salt content is reduced by 68%;
the salt content of the sand column 1 at the position of 20cm is reduced to 0.17% from 0.49%, and the salt content is reduced by 65.3%; the salt content of the sand column 2 is reduced to 0.16% from 0.46%, and the salt content is reduced by 65.2%; the salt content of the sand column 3 is reduced to 0.17 percent from 0.50 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 66 percent; the salt content of the sand column 4 is reduced to 0.18% from 0.47%, and the salt content is reduced by 61.7%; the salt content of the sand column 5 is reduced to 0.17 percent from 0.50 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 66 percent;
the salt content of the sand column 1 at the position of 30cm is reduced to 0.23% from 0.49%, and the salt content is reduced by 53.1%; the salt content of the sand column 2 is reduced to 0.22% from 0.46%, and the salt content is reduced by 52.3%; the salt content of the sand column 3 is reduced to 0.23 percent from 0.50 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 54 percent; the salt content of the sand column 4 is reduced to 0.23 percent from 0.47 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 51.1 percent; the salt content of the sand column 5 is reduced to 0.24 percent from 0.50 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 52 percent;
the salt content of the sand column 1 at the position of 40cm is reduced to 0.30% from 0.49%, and the salt content is reduced by 38.8%; the salt content of the sand column 2 is reduced to 0.29 percent from 0.46 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 37 percent; the salt content of the sand column 3 is reduced to 0.31 percent from 0.50 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 38 percent; the salt content of the sand column 4 is reduced to 0.28 percent from 0.47 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 40.4 percent; the salt content of the sand column 5 is reduced from 0.50% to 0.30%, and the salt content is reduced by 40%.
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the salt content in the soil is reduced by 71.7% to the highest degree, and compared with the data in Table 1, the sand column not only can reduce the salt content in the soil, but also has continuous effect on the reduction of the salt content in the soil along with stable operation, which indicates that the sand column can get through the moisture transport channel of the saline-alkali soil, ensures that the salt content can be continuously transported downwards along with the moisture, and prevents the improved soil from being salinized again.
After the inner Mongolia observation of the northeastern part of the right middle flag is improved by the method for 24 months, in order to continuously verify the slow release effect of the sand columns, the sand columns in the centers of the squares are selected as a test group, 5 sand columns are randomly selected and numbered 1-5, and the salt content 20cm away from the ground surface is measured to be used as the initial salt content. And selecting positions of 10cm, 20cm, 30cm and 40cm on the right side of the center of the sand column hole in the horizontal direction as sampling points, wherein the sampling depth is 20cm away from the ground surface.
The salt content measured after 48 hours of irrigation is shown in Table 3;
TABLE 3 table of salt content change at sampling points of sand column 1-5 after 24 months of improvement
Figure 512563DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
Note: the data in table 3 refer to the percentage by mass of the soil.
The salt content of the sand column 1 at the position of 10cm is reduced to 0.07% from 0.49%, the salt content is reduced by 85.8%, the salt content of the sand column 2 is reduced to 0.08% from 0.46%, and the salt content is reduced by 83%; the salt content of the sand column 3 is reduced to 0.06 percent from 0.50 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 88 percent; the salt content of the sand column 4 is reduced to 0.07 percent from 0.47 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 85 percent; the salt content of the sand column 5 is reduced to 0.08 percent from 0.50 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 84 percent;
the salt content of the sand column 1 at the position of 20cm is reduced to 0.12% from 0.49%, and the salt content is reduced by 76%; the salt content of the sand column 2 is reduced to 0.15% from 0.46%, and the salt content is reduced by 67%; the salt content of the sand column 3 is reduced to 0.14% from 0.50%, and the salt content is reduced by 72%; the salt content of the sand column 4 is reduced to 0.15% from 0.47%, and the salt content is reduced by 68%; the salt content of the sand column 5 is reduced to 0.14% from 0.50%, and the salt content is reduced by 72%;
the salt content of the sand column 1 at the position of 30cm is reduced to 0.16% from 0.49%, and the salt content is reduced by 67%; the salt content of the sand column 2 is reduced to 0.18% from 0.46%, and the salt content is reduced by 61%; the salt content of the sand column 3 is reduced to 0.2% from 0.50%, and the salt content is reduced by 60%; the salt content of the sand column 4 is reduced to 0.17 percent from 0.47 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 64 percent; the salt content of the sand column 5 is reduced from 0.50% to 0.19%, and the salt content is reduced by 62%;
the salt content of the sand column 1 at the position of 40cm is reduced to 0.26% from 0.49%, and the salt content is reduced by 47%; the salt content of the sand column 2 is reduced to 0.25 percent from 0.46 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 46 percent; the salt content of the sand column 3 is reduced to 0.27% from 0.50%, and the salt content is reduced by 46%; the salt content of the sand column 4 is reduced to 0.25 percent from 0.47 percent, and the salt content is reduced by 47 percent; the salt content of the sand column 5 is reduced to 0.26% from 0.50%, and the salt content is reduced by 48%.
The data in table 3 show that the salt content in the soil is reduced by 88% to the maximum extent, the sand column can continuously improve the secondary saline-alkali soil and restore the grassland ecology, has the advantages of simple operation and low cost, improves the water permeability and the air permeability of the soil, effectively prevents the improved soil from being salinized again, provides a theoretical and practical method for improving the secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring the grassland ecology, and has popularization significance.

Claims (7)

1. A sand column, includes farming soil horizon (1) and bright sand layer (2), its characterized in that:
the cultivated soil layer (1) and the clear sand layer (2) are arranged from the ground surface to the bottom in sequence;
the sand layer (2) comprises a fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer (3), a fine sand layer (4) and a coarse sand layer (5), and the fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer and the coarse sand layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
2. A sand column as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the height of the sand column (6) is 80-120 cm;
the height ratio of the cultivated soil layer (1) to the clear sand layer (2) is 3-5: 4-5.
3. A sand column as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the height ratio of the fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer (3), the fine sand layer (4) and the coarse sand layer (5) is 1-2:1-2: 3-5;
the mixing mass ratio of the fine sand to the organic fertilizer in the fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer (3) is 8-10: 1-2;
the diameter of the sand grains of the coarse sand is 0.8-1.5 mm; the diameter of the fine sand grains is 0.3-0.8 mm.
4. A method for improving secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring grassland ecology by using the sand column as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which comprises the arrangement mode of the sand column (6), the construction of the sand column (6), and the improvement of the secondary saline-alkali soil and the restoration of the grassland ecology by using the sand column (6), and is characterized in that:
the arrangement mode of the sand columns (6) is double V-shaped layout or/and rhombic layout;
the double-V layout comprises: when the permeability coefficient is less than 1.2 x 10-6cm/s, soil volume weight>1.8g/cm3Dividing the land to be improved into a plurality of squares;
a sand column (6) is arranged at the center of each square;
arranging sand columns (6) at 1/2 positions of the outermost transverse edge of the first row of squares, arranging saline-alkali-resistant, anion-resistant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant and low plants (7) at the vertexes, arranging the sand columns (6) at 1/2 positions of the two longitudinal edges, arranging the sand columns (6) at the vertexes of the transverse edge shared by the squares of the second row, and arranging the saline-alkali-resistant, anion-resistant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant and low plants (7) at 1/2 positions of the transverse edge shared by the squares of the second row;
arranging sand columns (6) at 1/2 positions of two longitudinal sides of the second row of squares, arranging sand columns (6) at 1/2 positions of a transverse side shared by the second row of squares and the third row of squares, and arranging saline-alkali-resistant, yin-resistant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant and low plants (7) at the top points;
the sand columns (6) from the third row to the Nth row are circularly arranged according to the square arrangement mode of the first row and the second row;
the diamond layout is as follows: when the permeability coefficient is 6 x 10-5-5.6×10-4cm/s, soil volume weight of 1.6-1.8g/cm3Dividing the land to be improved into a plurality of squares;
a sand column (6) is arranged at the center of each square;
arranging sand columns (6) at the vertexes of the common transverse edges of the first row of squares and the second row of squares, arranging saline-alkali-resistant, shade-resistant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant and low-rise plants (7) at the 1/2 position, arranging the sand columns (6) at the vertexes of the common transverse edges of the third row of squares and the fourth row of squares, and arranging the saline-alkali-resistant, shade-resistant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant and low-rise plants (7) at the 1/2 position;
by analogy, sand columns (6) are arranged at the vertexes of the transverse edges shared by the squares in the Nth row and the (N + 1) th row, and saline-alkali-tolerant, shade-tolerant, cold-tolerant, drought-tolerant and low plants (7) are arranged at the 1/2 position;
the construction of the sand column specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting the arrangement mode of the sand columns (6) according to the permeability coefficient and the volume weight, and punching holes in a specified place by using punching equipment;
(2) filling a coarse sand layer (5), a fine sand layer (4), a fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer (3) and a cultivation soil layer (1) into the hole in sequence according to the height ratio required by claims 1-3;
the method for improving the secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring the grassland ecology by utilizing the sand columns comprises the following steps:
(1) punching holes according to the arrangement mode of sand columns by using punching equipment, and sequentially filling a coarse sand layer (5), a fine sand layer (4), a fine sand and organic fertilizer mixing layer (3) and a cultivated soil layer (1) into the holes according to the height ratio required by claims 1-3;
(2) and planting saline-alkali-tolerant, shade-tolerant, cold-tolerant, drought-tolerant and short plants (7) in corresponding areas according to the sand column arrangement mode.
5. The method for sand column improvement of secondary saline-alkali soil and restoration of grassland ecology according to claim 4, wherein the sand column is used for improving secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring grassland ecology, and the method comprises the following steps: the side length of the square is 1.2-1.8 m.
6. The method for sand column improvement of secondary saline-alkali soil and restoration of grassland ecology according to claim 4, wherein the sand column is used for improving secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring grassland ecology, and the method comprises the following steps:
when the permeability coefficient is less than 1.2 x 10-6cm/s, soil volume weight>1.8g/cm3The diameter of each sand column hole is 8-10cm, and the distance between the centers of the adjacent sand column holes is 60-150 cm;
when the permeability coefficient is 6 x 10-5-5.6×10-4cm/s, soil volume weight of 1.6-1.8g/cm3The diameter of each sand column hole is 5-8cm, and the distance between the centers of the adjacent sand column holes is 60-150 cm.
7. The method for sand column improvement of secondary saline-alkali soil and restoration of grassland ecology according to claim 4, wherein the sand column is used for improving secondary saline-alkali soil and restoring grassland ecology, and the method comprises the following steps: the saline-alkali-resistant, yin-resistant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant and low-dwarfing plant (7) is leymus chinensis, suaeda glauca, elytrigia repens, Chinese globeflower and limonium bicolor.
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