CN112613089A - BIM optimization design method based on tunnel main body structure special-shaped steel bar - Google Patents
BIM optimization design method based on tunnel main body structure special-shaped steel bar Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 12
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- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 206010066054 Dysmorphism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a BIM (building information modeling) optimization design method based on a special-shaped steel bar of a main body structure of a tunnel, which comprises the following steps: exporting the tunnel main body structure model in an IFC format through BIM software and importing the tunnel main body structure model into steel bar design software Planbar; establishing a model view to determine the structural line shape of the main body of the tunnel; extracting a model shell from the tunnel main structure model, and normally offsetting the thickness of the protective layer by a distance to determine the trend of the steel bars; segmenting a main body structure according to the distribution spacing of the steel bars and carrying out curve fitting through origin pro 8.0; and the steel bar is generated and placed according to a command of generating the steel bar according to the 3D line by the Planbar software. The method can effectively solve the problem that the shape of the special-shaped steel bar is difficult to determine, improve the design efficiency, shorten the design modification and verification time, avoid reworking caused by the problem that the size of the steel bar is not consistent frequently in the construction process, improve the processing precision of the steel bar, and greatly save the construction period and the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building structure design, in particular to a BIM (building information modeling) optimization design method based on special-shaped steel bars of a main body structure of a tunnel.
Background
The reinforcing steel bar is one of the materials with the widest application range and the largest application amount in the tunnel structure. Before pouring the concrete of the main structure of the tunnel, the steel bars must be made into a framework with certain specification and form and then put into the template. The steel bar represented by the structural construction diagram is character information formed by using a flat rule, the character information of the steel bar is converted into entity steel bar information according to the flat rule during specific operation, the blanking length of the steel bar is determined after lapping and anchoring are considered according to a specification diagram set, single steel bar entities with specific shapes and lengths are formed through steel bar processing, and then the single steel bar entities are connected together to form a steel bar framework to be installed in a template. But the reinforcing bar word information on the structural construction drawing can only reflect the quantity information of the reinforcing bar, and can not reflect the shape and the accurate position of the reinforcing bar in the structural component, so that the clear distance of the reinforcing bar, the thickness of the protective layer, the lap joint anchoring length and the like after a large number of reinforcing bar frames are manufactured and molded can not meet the standard requirements, and a plurality of structural node reinforcing bars are too dense, thereby causing the concrete vibration difficulty to be large, the vibration to be not compact, the concrete strength can not meet the design requirements, and great hidden danger is brought to the structural safety.
The Planbar software can output an accurate bill of materials from the BIM model, can output statistical reports in batches by user according to a construction plan, accurately guide production and material preparation, completely liberate a traditional manual calculation mode, and improve the efficiency and the precision of material calculation. The collision detection is carried out on the steel bar model before the construction process, and the method has important significance for improving the efficiency and accuracy of steel bar binding, reducing the cost and shortening the construction period. However, the tunnel main body structure is complex, the number of the steel bars is large, and the difficulty of calculating the steel bars is increased. The tunnel major structure has the characteristics of longitudinal gradient and constantly changing, cross section width and high constantly changing, because protective layer thickness is fixed, the reinforcing bar is in order to change along with major structure's change, and traditional two-dimensional drawing can't accurately reflect reinforcing bar shape size and quantity, consequently has the problem that more dysmorphism reinforcing bar shape is difficult to confirm, manual placement inefficiency when leading to establishing tunnel major structure reinforcing bar BIM model. Patent application document with publication number CN111126415A discloses a system and a method for detecting and counting tunnel reinforcing steel bars, wherein the system comprises: the image preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the image of the input geological radar wave original image; the reinforcing steel bar key point detection module is used for detecting reinforcing steel bar pixel key points of the geological radar wave original image subjected to image preprocessing; the reinforcing steel bar layer key curve fitting module is used for fitting the detected reinforcing steel bar pixel key points into a reinforcing steel bar layer key curve; the reinforcing steel bar layer key curve peak position identification module is used for identifying the peak position in the reinforcing steel bar layer key curve; and the steel bar counting module is used for taking the identified wave crests as positions of the steel bars, and counting the wave crests to be taken as the number of the steel bars and storing the number of the steel bars. The system can automatically identify and count the reinforcing steel bars of the geological radar wave original image, and improves the efficiency and accuracy of reinforcing steel bar identification and detection. But still does not solve the problem that the shape of the deformed steel bar is difficult to determine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the shape of the special-shaped steel bar is difficult to determine and the manual placement efficiency is low when a BIM (building information modeling) model of the main structure steel bar of the tunnel is established in the prior art, and provides a BIM optimization design method based on the special-shaped steel bar of the main structure of the tunnel, so that the problem that the size of the steel bar is not consistent frequently in the construction process to cause rework is avoided, the machining precision of the steel bar is improved, and the construction period and the cost are greatly saved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a BIM optimization design method based on a tunnel main body structure special-shaped steel bar is characterized in that a tunnel main body structure model is exported in an IFC format and imported into steel bar design software Planbar through BIM software; establishing a model view to determine the structural line shape of the main body of the tunnel; extracting a model shell from the tunnel main structure model, and normally offsetting the thickness of the protective layer by a distance to determine the trend of the steel bars; segmenting a main body structure according to the distribution spacing of the steel bars and carrying out curve fitting through origin pro 8.0; and the steel bar is generated and placed according to a command of generating the steel bar according to the 3D line by the Planbar software.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, importing a tunnel main structure model: on the basis that a two-dimensional CAD plane drawing of a main tunnel structure is provided by a designer, a three-dimensional main tunnel structure model is established through BIM software, a main tunnel structure segment to be subjected to steel bar modeling is selected to be exported in an IFC format, and an IFC file is imported into Planbar software to serve as a carrier for later-stage steel bar placement.
Step two, creating a model view: and (3) establishing a view (comprising a top view, a cross-sectional view and a side view) of the tunnel main body structure model by selecting a corresponding view angle through the view establishing command so as to determine the position of the steel bar in the steel bar placing process, establish each steel bar model of the main body structure and ensure that the thickness of the steel bar protection layer is controlled to meet the requirement.
Step three, segmenting a main structure: the tunnel main structure is segmented, the interval is determined by the distribution interval of steel bars, the arch height of each arc top is controlled, DWG format files are sequentially generated and exported according to the number of the steel bars, coordinates and bending angles of opposite end points of each breakpoint are marked after segmentation, then the points are fitted by a fitting party (origin pro8.0) to generate a fitting curve, the fitting curve is compared with the contour of the main structure section, whether the requirement of the thickness of a protective layer is met or not is determined, repeated checking is carried out, and the linear quality of the curve is ensured.
If the fitted curve is compared with the profile of the main structure section, if the thickness of the protective layer does not meet the requirement, the step is implemented again until the fitted curve meets the requirement of the thickness of the protective layer compared with the profile of the main structure section, and then the next step is carried out.
Step four, generating the steel bars: for the reinforcing steel bars with general shapes, the types of the reinforcing steel bars are selected through bar shape commands. Selecting the type of the steel bar according to the parameters of the two-dimensional drawing, inputting related parameters such as the number, the diameter, the concrete strength grade, the steel bar cross section catalog and the like of the steel bar, and establishing a steel bar plane model; and selecting linear placement by placing a bar shape command, selecting a starting point and an end point of the linear placement in a corresponding view, and inputting the interval or the number of the steel bars to finish the placement of the steel bars.
For the deformed steel bar, the linear type is directly converted into a three-dimensional steel bar model by fitting a curve and utilizing the function of converting a 3D line into the steel bar in Planbar software. Finally, the single-section integral steel bar model is generated.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the method can effectively solve the problem that the shape of the special-shaped reinforcing steel bar of the main structure of the tunnel is difficult to determine, avoid reworking caused by the fact that the size of the reinforcing steel bar is not consistent frequently in the construction process, overcome the defect that the size and the position of the special-shaped tunnel reinforcing steel bar cannot be determined by a two-dimensional CAD reinforcing steel bar cross section drawing provided by a designer, improve the statistical accuracy of the engineering quantity of the reinforcing steel bar and the processing precision of the reinforcing steel bar, and improve the binding efficiency of; the thickness of a protective layer in the actual construction process of the steel bar is ensured to meet the project requirement, and the construction quality and safety are improved; the steel bar engineering quantity statistics and the steel bar collision report can be carried out before the project construction, the design guidance project construction is really realized, the construction period and the cost are greatly saved, and the construction quality and the safety are improved.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a two-dimensional CAD plan view of a tunnel main body structure;
FIG. 2 is a structural model of a tunnel body;
FIG. 3 is a top view, a cross-sectional view and a side view of the tunnel main body structure model;
FIG. 4 is a histogram of fitted curve resist thickness measurements and difference statistics;
FIG. 5 is an operation interface diagram of the No. 2 steel bar software;
FIG. 6 is a model of No. 2 rebar;
FIG. 7 is a model of deformed steel bar;
FIG. 8 is a single section completed rebar pattern;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to test examples and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the scope of the above-described subject matter is not limited to the following examples, and any techniques implemented based on the disclosure of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A BIM optimization design method based on a tunnel main body structure special-shaped steel bar comprises the following steps:
(1) importing a main structure model of the tunnel: on the basis that a two-dimensional CAD plane drawing (shown in figure 1) of the main structure of the tunnel is provided by a designer, a three-dimensional main structure model of the tunnel is established through BIM software. Exporting the established tunnel main body structure model in an IFC format, importing an IFC file into Planbar software to serve as a carrier for placing reinforcing steel bars at the later stage, wherein the three-dimensional tunnel main body structure model is shown in figure 2;
(2) creating a model view: and (3) creating a view of the tunnel main body structure model by selecting a corresponding view angle through the view creating command, wherein the view comprises a top view, a cross-sectional view and a side view (as shown in figure 3) so as to determine the position of the steel bar in the steel bar placing process. The number, size, spacing and position of the reinforcing steel bars need to be determined through a reinforcing steel bar two-dimensional cross section drawing and a reinforcing steel bar blanking table provided by a design unit, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 reinforcing bar table (per linear meter, suitable for K73+ 340-K73 +360)
TABLE 1 reinforcing bar table (calculated per linear meter, suitable for K73+ 340-K73 + 360%)
Note: 1. do it means on average.
However, the reinforcing steel bar cross section drawing provided by the design side only aims at the tunnel main body structure with unchanged conventional size, the tunnel main body structure has the conditions of gradual change and size gradual change in the actual construction process, and meanwhile, the actual size and position of the reinforcing steel bar need to be correspondingly adjusted and changed according to the actual construction model, so the blanking table (table 1) can be only used as an assistant and a reference, if the number and the diameter of the reinforcing steel bar can be directly assisted by the blanking table, and the size and the position of the reinforcing steel bar need to be correspondingly adjusted according to the thickness rule of the protective layer (the thickness of the protective layer of the reinforcing steel bar on the soil back side is 4cm, and the.
(3) Determining the steel bar trend: the method comprises the steps of extracting a model shell from a tunnel main structure model, wherein the soil-back side deviates by 4cm in a normal direction, the soil-facing side deviates by 5cm in a normal direction (the thickness of a protective layer) to obtain a curved surface as a reinforcing steel bar arrangement curved surface, then according to a design institute reinforcement distribution principle, cutting equal division points up and down, determining the trend of reinforcing steel bars according to the shortest walking distance of two points on the curved surface (the number of sections can be more, the more reinforcing steel bar models are taken on the theoretical sections is more accurate), and sequentially establishing each reinforcing steel bar model of the main structure according to the principle to ensure that the thickness of.
(4) Main structure segmentation: segmenting a main structure of the tunnel, wherein the interval is determined by the distribution interval of steel bars, controlling the arch height of each arc top, sequentially generating and exporting DWG format files according to the number of the steel bars, marking coordinates and bending angles of opposite end points of each breakpoint after segmenting, fitting the points into a curve by a fitting party (origin pro8.0) and comparing the curve with the outline of the main structure section to determine whether the requirement of the thickness of a protective layer is met, repeatedly checking is achieved, and the linear quality of the curve is ensured; the measured values of the fitted curve protective layer thickness are shown in fig. 4 and table 2, wherein the curves of the deformed steel bars meet the protective layer thickness requirement, the difference rate of the curves of the deformed steel bars and the standard value is below 4%, the precision is high, and the actual construction requirement is met.
TABLE 2 fitting curve protection layer thickness measurement and difference statistics table
(5) And (3) generation of steel bars: for the reinforcing steel bars with general shapes, the types of the reinforcing steel bars are selected through bar shape commands. Selecting the type of the steel bar according to the parameters of the two-dimensional drawing, inputting related parameters such as the number, the diameter, the concrete strength grade, the steel bar cross section catalog and the like of the steel bar, and establishing a steel bar plane model; and selecting linear placement by placing a bar shape command, selecting a starting point and an end point of the linear placement in a corresponding view, and inputting the interval or the number of the steel bars to finish the placement of the steel bars. The software rebar generation and placement interface is shown in fig. 5. Taking the steel bar number 2 as an example, the steel bar type is selected to be a straight steel bar with a hook, the number is 2, the diameter is 25mm, the concrete strength grade is C25, the cross section catalog of the steel bar is HRB400, the length of the steel bar is 11100mm, the length of the hook is 375mm, and the distance between the steel bars is 100mm, so that the model of the steel bar number 2 is generated as shown in FIG. 6.
For the deformed steel bar, through the line type in the step (4), the line type can be directly converted into a three-dimensional steel bar model by utilizing the function of converting the 3D line into the steel bar in the Planbar software, as shown in figure 7. The resulting single segment integral rebar model is shown in fig. 8.
Preferably, if the protective layer thickness does not meet the requirement as the curve is fitted to the profile of the main structure section in step (4), step (4) is performed again, and the curve is fitted to the profile of the main structure section to meet the requirement of the protective layer thickness, and the next step is performed.
Claims (4)
1. A BIM optimization design method based on a tunnel main body structure special-shaped steel bar is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, importing a tunnel main structure model: on the basis of a two-dimensional CAD plane drawing of a tunnel main body structure, a three-dimensional tunnel main body structure model is established through BIM software, a tunnel main body structure segment to be subjected to steel bar modeling is selected to be exported in an IFC format, and an IFC file is imported into Planbar software to serve as a carrier for later-stage steel bar placement;
step two, creating a model view: selecting a corresponding visual angle through the view establishing command, and establishing a view of the tunnel main body structure model so as to determine the position of the steel bar in the steel bar placing process, establish a steel bar model of each number of the main body structure and ensure that the thickness of the steel bar protection layer is controlled to meet the requirement;
step three, segmenting a main structure: segmenting the main structure of the tunnel, determining the interval by the distribution interval of steel bars, controlling the arch height of each arc top, sequentially generating and exporting DWG format files according to the number of the steel bars, marking coordinates and bending angles of opposite end points of each breakpoint after segmenting, fitting points by fitting software origin pro8.0 to generate a fitting curve, comparing the fitting curve with the contour of the main structure section, determining whether the requirement of the thickness of a protective layer is met, checking repeatedly, and ensuring the linear quality of the curve;
step four, generating the steel bars: selecting the type of the built steel bar through a bar shape command for the steel bar with the general shape; selecting related parameters of the steel bars according to the parameters of the two-dimensional CAD plane drawing, and establishing a steel bar plane model; selecting linear placement by placing a bar shape command, selecting a starting point and an end point of the linear placement in a corresponding view, and inputting the interval or the number of the reinforcing steel bars to finish the placement of the reinforcing steel bars;
for the deformed steel bar, by fitting a curve, the function of converting a 3D line in Planbar software into the steel bar is utilized, the line type is directly converted into a three-dimensional steel bar model, and finally, a single-section integral steel bar model is generated.
2. The BIM optimization design method based on the tunnel body structure special-shaped steel bars as claimed in claim 1, wherein the view in the second step comprises a top view, a cross-sectional view and a side view.
3. The BIM optimization design method based on the tunnel main body structure special-shaped steel bars as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, if the curve is fitted to be compared with the main body structure section outline, if the thickness of the protective layer does not meet the requirement, the step is implemented again until the curve is fitted to be compared with the main body structure section outline to meet the requirement of the thickness of the protective layer, and then the next step is carried out.
4. The BIM optimization design method based on the special-shaped steel bars of the tunnel main body structure of the claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the relevant parameters of the steel bars comprise the type of the steel bars, the number and the diameter of the steel bars, the strength grade of concrete and the cross section catalog of the steel bars.
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