TWI459226B - Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) Forming Analysis Method for Jointing Data and Modeling Surface Data - Google Patents
Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) Forming Analysis Method for Jointing Data and Modeling Surface Data Download PDFInfo
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Description
本發明係關於一種電腦輔助工程(CAE)成形分析方法，詳言之，係關於一種點資料與造型曲面資料接合之電腦輔助工程(CAE)成形分析方法。The invention relates to a computer aided engineering (CAE) forming analysis method, in particular, to a computer aided engineering (CAE) forming analysis method for joining point data and modeling surface data.
參考圖1，顯示習知引伸工程模面之製造方法之流程示意圖。首先，步驟S11係提供一鈑金件。接著，步驟S12係製作一石膏模，該石膏模係環繞該板金件，以形成一造型曲面。接著，步驟S13係利用照相或其他量測方式對該鈑金件及該石膏模進行量測以擷取一點資料，其中該點資料之檔案係為STL格式(亦即副檔名為.stl)，且轉換成網格元素。接著，步驟S14係利用一電腦輔助工程(CAE)軟體針對該點資料進行沖壓成形分析。此時，如果該沖壓成形分析結果為成功，則該石膏模即為所需之引伸工程模面；如果該沖壓成形分析結果不佳，則必須修改該石膏模且重新量測再進行沖壓成形分析，直到該沖壓成形分析結果成功為止。Referring to Figure 1, there is shown a schematic flow diagram of a method of manufacturing a conventional extension engineering die face. First, step S11 provides a sheet metal piece. Next, in step S12, a plaster mold is formed, and the plaster mold surrounds the sheet metal member to form a modeling curved surface. Next, in step S13, the sheet metal and the plaster mold are measured by photographing or other measuring methods to obtain a piece of data, wherein the file of the point data is in STL format (ie, the auxiliary file name is .stl). And converted to a grid element. Next, step S14 performs a press forming analysis on the point data using a computer aided engineering (CAE) software. At this time, if the result of the press forming analysis is successful, the plaster mold is the required extension engineering die face; if the press forming analysis result is not good, the plaster mold must be modified and re-measured and then subjected to press forming analysis. Until the stamping and forming analysis results are successful.
上述習知方法雖然能省略曲面還原耗時之工作，有效縮短試模取樣時間，節省模具開發失敗成本，提升產品及模具品質。但由於該STL格式之點資料需經由該石膏模量測取得，而該石膏模無法重複使用會造成環境污染。此外，如果沖壓成形分析結果不佳時又必需重複修改該石膏模與重新量測，如此將非常耗時。而且該STL格式之點資料的資料龐大，於沖壓成形分析時，會有計算耗時與需要等級較高的電腦硬體設備之缺點。Although the above conventional method can omit the time-consuming work of surface reduction, effectively shorten the sampling time of the test pattern, save the cost of mold development failure, and improve the quality of the product and the mold. However, since the point data of the STL format needs to be obtained by the gypsum modulus measurement, the gypsum mold cannot be reused, which may cause environmental pollution. In addition, if the stamping forming analysis results are not good, it is necessary to repeatedly modify the plaster mold and re-measure, which will be very time consuming. Moreover, the data of the point data of the STL format is huge, and in the analysis of stamping and forming, there are disadvantages of computer hardware devices that are time-consuming and require a high level of calculation.
再者，該石膏模係老師傅以其多年成形之經驗，將其造型曲面利用石膏來呈現，然而石膏模凝固過程容易收縮變形，再以此變形的石膏模具進行量測，所獲得造型曲面資料的精度與品質也比較差。Furthermore, the master of the plaster mold system uses the experience of many years of forming to present its modeling surface with gypsum. However, the solidification process of the plaster mold is easy to shrink and deform, and then the gypsum mold is deformed by the deformation, and the curved surface data obtained is obtained. The accuracy and quality are also poor.
因此，有必要提供一種點資料與造型曲面資料接合之電腦輔助工程(CAE)成形分析方法，以解決上述問題。Therefore, it is necessary to provide a computer aided engineering (CAE) forming analysis method for joining point data with modeling surface data to solve the above problems.
本發明提供一種點資料與造型曲面資料接合之電腦輔助工程(CAE)成形分析方法，包括以下步驟：(a)提供一工件；(b)對該工件進行量測以擷取一點資料；(c)延著該工件之邊緣繪製出一輪廓邊界線；(d)將該輪廓邊界線投影至該點資料上，而形成一邊界曲線；(e)於該邊界曲線上選擇一參考點；(f)建構一參考平面，該參考平面係經過該參考點且垂直該邊界曲線，且該參考平面與該點資料相交形成一相交截面線；(g)沿著該相交截面線經過該參考點向外延伸，以形成一造型斷面曲線；(h)重複步驟(e)至步驟(g)，以形成複數條造型斷面曲線；(i)形成複數條橋接導引線於該等造型斷面曲線之間；(j)根據該等造型斷面曲線及該等橋接導引線形成一造型曲面資料；及(k)將該點資料及該造型曲面資料載入一電腦輔助工程分析軟體中，以進行成形參數的設定與計算分析。The invention provides a computer aided engineering (CAE) forming analysis method for joining point data with modeling surface data, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a workpiece; (b) measuring the workpiece to extract a piece of data; Drawing a contour boundary line along the edge of the workpiece; (d) projecting the contour boundary line onto the point data to form a boundary curve; (e) selecting a reference point on the boundary curve; Constructing a reference plane, the reference plane passing through the reference point and perpendicular to the boundary curve, and the reference plane intersecting the point data to form an intersecting section line; (g) passing the reference section along the intersecting section line outward Extending to form a styling section curve; (h) repeating steps (e) through (g) to form a plurality of styling section curves; (i) forming a plurality of bridging guide lines in the styling section curves (j) forming a modeling surface data according to the modeling section curves and the bridging guide lines; and (k) loading the point data and the modeling surface data into a computer-aided engineering analysis software, Set and calculate the forming parameters.
藉此，本發明可以省略石膏模製作降低成本，而且曲面還原與成形分析的同步設計開發，可縮短模具設計開發時間。Thereby, the invention can omit the cost reduction of the plaster mold production, and the synchronous design and development of the surface reduction and the shape analysis can shorten the mold design development time.
參考圖2，顯示本發明之點資料與造型曲面資料接合之電腦輔助工程(CAE)成形分析方法之流程示意圖。首先，步驟S21係提供一工件。在本實施例中，該工件係為一汽車引擎蓋之板金件。然而可以理解的是，該工件可以是汽車其他部位之外觀鈑件，或是其他需要進行成形分析之工件。Referring to Fig. 2, there is shown a flow chart showing a computer aided engineering (CAE) forming analysis method for joining the point data and the modeling surface data of the present invention. First, step S21 provides a workpiece. In this embodiment, the workpiece is a sheet metal part of an automobile hood. However, it can be understood that the workpiece can be an appearance component of other parts of the automobile or other workpieces that need to be shaped and analyzed.
接著，步驟S22係對該工件進行量測以擷取一點資料10(圖3)。該量測方式可以是接觸式(例如探針)或非接觸式(例如照相)量測。在本實施例中，為避免該工件變形影響量測，因此先將該工件置於一特製支撐架上，且以去漬油清除該工件表面油污後，再進行照相量測，以擷取該工件之外型之點資料10(圖3)。然後濾除雜點與填補孔洞，再將該點資料10(圖3)輸出副檔名為STL的檔案格式。Next, in step S22, the workpiece is measured to extract a piece of data 10 (Fig. 3). The measurement method can be contact (eg, probe) or non-contact (eg, photographic) measurement. In this embodiment, in order to prevent the deformation of the workpiece from affecting the measurement, the workpiece is first placed on a special support frame, and the oil stain on the surface of the workpiece is removed by removing the oil, and then photogrammetry is performed to capture the workpiece. Point data 10 (Fig. 3). Then filter out the noise and fill the hole, and then output the point data 10 (Fig. 3) to the file format named STL.
接著，步驟S23係為繪製輪廓邊界線步驟，其係延著該工件之邊緣繪製出一輪廓邊界線12(圖3)。在本實施例中，將該點資料10載入逆向工程軟體Imageware中，並旋轉至Z軸方向，然後於該點資料10上方垂直Z軸處建構一個XY的工作平面，於該工作平面上延著該工件之邊緣繪製出該輪廓邊界線12，如圖3所示。Next, step S23 is a step of drawing a contour boundary line, which draws a contour boundary line 12 (Fig. 3) along the edge of the workpiece. In this embodiment, the point data 10 is loaded into the reverse engineering software Imageware, and rotated to the Z-axis direction, and then an XY working plane is constructed at the vertical Z-axis above the point data 10, and is extended on the working plane. The contour boundary line 12 is drawn at the edge of the workpiece, as shown in FIG.
接著，步驟S24係將該輪廓邊界線12投影至該點資料10上，而形成一邊界曲線14，如圖3所示。Next, step S24 projects the contour boundary line 12 onto the point material 10 to form a boundary curve 14, as shown in FIG.
較佳地，本發明更包括一點資料分割步驟，其係以投影至該點資料10上之輪廓邊界線12為分界，將該點資料10中負角部分11(或彎折部分)(圖4)刪除，而形成該邊界曲線14，如圖5所示。該邊界曲線14係為平順無負角。Preferably, the present invention further includes a point data segmentation step of demarcating the contour boundary line 12 projected onto the point material 10, and the negative angle portion 11 (or the bent portion) of the point material 10 (Fig. 4) The deletion is made to form the boundary curve 14, as shown in FIG. The boundary curve 14 is smooth and has no negative angle.
接著，步驟S25係於該邊界曲線14上選擇一參考點16。Next, step S25 selects a reference point 16 on the boundary curve 14.
接著，步驟S26係建構一參考平面18，該參考平面18係經過該參考點16且垂直該邊界曲線14，且該參考平面18與該點資料10相交形成一相交截面線20，如圖6所示。Next, step S26 constructs a reference plane 18, which passes through the reference point 16 and perpendicular to the boundary curve 14, and the reference plane 18 intersects the point data 10 to form an intersecting section line 20, as shown in FIG. Show.
接著，步驟S27係沿著該相交截面線20經過該參考點16向外延伸，以形成一造型斷面曲線22(圖7)。Next, step S27 extends outwardly along the intersecting section line 20 through the reference point 16 to form a styling section curve 22 (Fig. 7).
接著，重複步驟S25至步驟S27，以於不同位置上形成複數條造型斷面曲線22(圖7)。Next, steps S25 through S27 are repeated to form a plurality of profiled section curves 22 (FIG. 7) at different locations.
接著，步驟S28係形成複數條橋接導引線24於該等造型斷面曲線22之間，如圖7所示。Next, step S28 forms a plurality of bridge guiding wires 24 between the contoured section curves 22, as shown in FIG.
接著，步驟S29係根據該等造型斷面曲線22及該等橋接導引線24繪出一造型曲面，如圖8所示，而形成一造型曲面資料26，如圖9所示。較佳地，該之造型曲面資料26與該點資料10間之接合界面係滿足如下拘束連續條件：位置連續(Positional continuity):≦0.005mm，切線連續(Tangent continuity):≦0.05度，及曲面連續(Curvature continuity):≦0.01。在本實施例中，該造型曲面資料26係為副檔名為IGS的檔案格式。Next, step S29 draws a modeling surface according to the modeling section curve 22 and the bridging guide lines 24, as shown in FIG. 8, to form a modeling surface data 26, as shown in FIG. Preferably, the joint interface between the modeling surface data 26 and the point material 10 satisfies the following constraint continuous conditions: Positional continuity: ≦0.005 mm, Tangent continuity: ≦0.05 degrees, and curved surface Curvature continuity: ≦0.01. In the present embodiment, the modeling surface data 26 is an archive format with an auxiliary file name of IGS.
最後，步驟S30係將該點資料10及該造型曲面資料26載入一電腦輔助工程(CAE)分析軟體(例如：Pamstamp分析軟體)中，以進行成形參數的設定與計算分析。此時，如果該成形分析結果為成功，則該點資料10及該造型曲面資料26(圖9)即為所需之引伸工程模面；如果該成形分析結果不佳，則只需修改步驟S27之造型斷面曲線22或步驟S28之橋接導引線24以得到另一個造型曲面資料後再進行成形分析，直到該成形分析結果成功為止。Finally, in step S30, the point data 10 and the modeling surface data 26 are loaded into a computer aided engineering (CAE) analysis software (for example, Pamstamp analysis software) to perform setting and calculation analysis of the shaping parameters. At this time, if the result of the forming analysis is successful, the point data 10 and the modeling surface data 26 (FIG. 9) are the required extension engineering surface; if the forming analysis result is not good, only the step S27 is modified. The modeling section curve 22 or the bridging guide line 24 of step S28 is used to obtain another modeling surface data and then subjected to forming analysis until the forming analysis result is successful.
本發明係將該點資料10與該造型曲面資料26接合，且接合界面符合位置與切線連續的誤差要求，並無明顯斷差，當進行成形性分析時，載入不同格式的資料，進行成形分析網格化處理，因該點資料10與該造型曲面資料26接合良好，不會因資料的格式不同與界面接合不良造成成形分析之誤差。此外，透過該點資料10與該造型曲面資料26的觀察可知，於特徵造型處(例如：特別之凹槽或***)之點資料經強化處理，點資料由稀疏的均勻分佈至特徵造型處改變成密集，不會因濾除雜點而使特徵造型處點資料遺失，導致特徵造型失真。In the present invention, the point material 10 is joined to the modeling surface data 26, and the joint interface conforms to the error requirement of the position and the tangent continuity, and there is no obvious difference. When the formability analysis is performed, different formats of data are loaded and formed. The meshing processing is analyzed, because the point data 10 and the modeling surface data 26 are well joined, and there is no error in the forming analysis due to the difference in the format of the data and the poor interface. In addition, through the observation of the point data 10 and the modeling surface data 26, the data of the feature shape (for example, special grooves or ridges) is strengthened, and the point data is changed from sparse uniform distribution to feature modeling. It is dense, and the data of the feature shape is not lost due to the filtering of the noise points, resulting in distortion of the feature shape.
在模擬成形分析過程中，除了資料的品質會影響成形分析的精準度外，工件本身的機械性質(mechanical properties)、鈑厚(thickness)、衝壓的條件參數亦扮演相當重要的角色，若該工件本身量測數據資料品質良好，配合拉伸實驗分析得到之真實應力與真實應變資料，及實際沖壓的條件進行成形模擬分析，進而提高預估工件成形的精準度。經由實際驗證，點資料與造型曲面資料接合及全為曲面資料之模面以相同參數進行成形分析之結果，其二者成形破裂極限與厚度變化的情形非常接近，並無明顯之差異(誤差低於1%)，且成形分析計算的時間也幾乎相同，如此驗證點資料與造型曲面資料接合之成形性分析確實可行。In the simulation forming analysis process, in addition to the quality of the data will affect the accuracy of the forming analysis, the mechanical properties of the workpiece itself, the thickness, and the condition parameters of the stamping also play a very important role. The quality of the measured data is good, and the real stress and true strain data obtained by the tensile test analysis, as well as the actual stamping conditions, are used to form the simulation analysis, thereby improving the accuracy of the estimated workpiece forming. Through actual verification, the point data is combined with the modeling surface data and the surface of the curved surface data is analyzed by the same parameters. The forming fracture limit and the thickness variation are very close, and there is no obvious difference (low error). At 1%), and the time for forming analysis calculation is almost the same, so the formability analysis of the verification point data and the modeling surface data is indeed feasible.
本發明具有以下所述之優點：The invention has the advantages described below:
(1)省略石膏模製作降低成本：(1) Omit the plaster mold to reduce costs:
本發明是量測該工件(例如汽車鈑件)之點資料後，再依據點資料的外型，透過電腦輔助設計軟體，建構輔助成形之造型曲面，所以能夠省略石膏模的製作，即可獲得高品質、曲率連續與設計變更容易的曲面資料。因此，本發明可降低工件模具設計開發成本，減少對環境之污染，及提高造型曲面之精度。The invention measures the point data of the workpiece (for example, an automobile part), and then constructs the auxiliary shaped molding surface through the computer aided design software according to the appearance of the point data, so that the production of the plaster mold can be omitted. Surface data with high quality, continuous curvature and easy design changes. Therefore, the invention can reduce the cost of designing and developing the workpiece mold, reduce the pollution to the environment, and improve the precision of the modeling surface.
(2)曲面還原與成形分析的同步設計開發，縮短沖壓模具設計開發時間：(2) Simultaneous design and development of surface restoration and forming analysis, shortening the design and development time of stamping die:
本發明在點資料還原為曲面的過程中，可同時進行成形性的分析，而不需等待點資料還原為曲面後才進行成形分析，能有效的縮短該工件(例如汽車鈑件)沖壓模具設計開發的時間。然而經成形分析確認可良好成形的輔助造型曲面，也可直接與還原完成的工件曲面接合，以供後續規劃模具加工程式使用。因此，使用本發明點資料與曲面資料接合的成形分析方法，具有同步設計、縮短模具開發時間、提升沖壓模具品質及降低成本等優點，非常適合汽機車與其他高科技產業運用。The invention can simultaneously analyze the formability in the process of reducing the point data into a curved surface, and does not need to wait for the point data to be reduced to a curved surface before performing the forming analysis, and can effectively shorten the stamping die design of the workpiece (for example, automobile parts). Development time. However, it is confirmed by the forming analysis that the auxiliary molding surface can be well formed, and can also be directly joined to the surface of the restored workpiece for subsequent planning of the mold processing program. Therefore, the forming analysis method using the point data and the curved surface data of the present invention has the advantages of synchronous design, shortening mold development time, improving stamping mold quality and reducing cost, and is very suitable for use in automobile locomotives and other high-tech industries.
惟上述實施例僅為說明本發明之原理及其功效，而非用以限制本發明。因此，習於此技術之人士對上述實施例進行修改及變化仍不脫本發明之精神。本發明之權利範圍應如後述之申請專利範圍所列。However, the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Therefore, those skilled in the art can make modifications and changes to the above embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention should be as set forth in the appended claims.
10．．．點資料10. . . Point data
11．．．點資料中負角部分11. . . Negative angle part of the point data
12．．．輪廓邊界線12. . . Contour boundary line
14．．．邊界曲線14. . . Boundary curve
16．．．參考點16. . . Reference point
18．．．參考平面18. . . Reference plane
20．．．相交截面線20. . . Intersection line
22．．．造型斷面曲線twenty two. . . Modeling profile curve
24．．．橋接導引線twenty four. . . Bridge guide line
26．．．造型曲面資料26. . . Modeling surface data
圖1顯示習知引伸工程模面之製造方法之流程示意圖；1 is a schematic flow chart showing a manufacturing method of a conventional extension engineering die face;
圖2顯示本發明之點資料與造型曲面資料接合之電腦輔助工程(CAE)成形分析方法之流程示意圖；2 is a flow chart showing a computer aided engineering (CAE) forming analysis method for joining the point data and the modeling surface data of the present invention;
圖3顯示本發明中該輪廓邊界線投影至該點資料上之示意圖；3 is a schematic view showing the contour boundary line projected onto the point data in the present invention;
圖4顯示本發明該點資料中負角部分(或彎折部分)之示意圖；Figure 4 is a view showing a negative angle portion (or a bent portion) in the point data of the present invention;
圖5顯示本發明中平順無負角之該邊界曲線之示意圖；Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the boundary curve of a smooth and non-negative angle in the present invention;
圖6顯示本發明中該參考平面與該相交截面線之示意圖；Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the reference plane and the intersecting section line in the present invention;
圖7顯示本發明中該等橋接導引線之示意圖；Figure 7 shows a schematic view of the bridged guide wires in the present invention;
圖8顯示本發明中部分造型曲面之示意圖；及Figure 8 is a schematic view showing a partially shaped curved surface in the present invention;
圖9顯示本發明中該點資料結合該造型曲面資料之示意圖。FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the point data combined with the modeling surface data in the present invention.
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Claims (7)
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| TW098125978A TWI459226B (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2009-07-31 | Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) Forming Analysis Method for Jointing Data and Modeling Surface Data |
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| TW098125978A TWI459226B (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2009-07-31 | Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) Forming Analysis Method for Jointing Data and Modeling Surface Data |
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| JPH07200640A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1995-08-04 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Dividing method for plate molding analysis element and device therefor |
| TW432303B (en) * | 1998-07-28 | 2001-05-01 | Fujitsu Ltd | Mold design system and computer-readable medium storing mold design program |
| US6546362B1 (en) * | 1998-03-19 | 2003-04-08 | Fujitsu Limited | Mold design system and recording medium |
| TWI255761B (en) * | 2005-01-19 | 2006-06-01 | Deartek Technology Inc | Fabricating method for composite-type mold |
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| JPH07200640A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1995-08-04 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Dividing method for plate molding analysis element and device therefor |
| US6546362B1 (en) * | 1998-03-19 | 2003-04-08 | Fujitsu Limited | Mold design system and recording medium |
| TW432303B (en) * | 1998-07-28 | 2001-05-01 | Fujitsu Ltd | Mold design system and computer-readable medium storing mold design program |
| TWI255761B (en) * | 2005-01-19 | 2006-06-01 | Deartek Technology Inc | Fabricating method for composite-type mold |
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