CN112570000B - MoS 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 Composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

MoS 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 Composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN112570000B
CN112570000B CN202110109811.5A CN202110109811A CN112570000B CN 112570000 B CN112570000 B CN 112570000B CN 202110109811 A CN202110109811 A CN 202110109811A CN 112570000 B CN112570000 B CN 112570000B
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mos
composite material
nano
mixture
diamond
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CN112570000A (en
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苏丽霞
陈家乐
郝好山
王远
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Henan Institute of Engineering
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    • B01J35/39
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/24Nitrogen compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/04Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C01B3/042Decomposition of water
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0266Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step
    • C01B2203/0277Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step containing a catalytic decomposition step
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/10Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
    • C01B2203/1041Composition of the catalyst
    • C01B2203/1094Promotors or activators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

Abstract

The invention provides a MoS 2 /ND/g‑C 3 N 4 The composite material and the preparation method thereof comprise the following steps: (1) cleaning and drying the nano-diamond; (2) the melamine, thiourea, metal chloride, nano diamond and ammonium molybdate are dissolved in absolute ethyl alcohol, heated and insulated for 10 to 24 hours at the temperature of 50 to 80 ℃, and naturally cooled to the room temperature; (3) grinding the mixture obtained in the step (2), putting the mixture into a tube furnace, calcining, and naturally cooling to room temperature; (4) dissolving the product obtained in the step (3) in water, filtering and cleaning after magnetic stirring, and drying to obtain MoS 2 /ND/g‑C 3 N 4 A composite material. The invention utilizes MoS 2 Instead of noble metal promoters to construct MoS 2 /ND/g‑C 3 N 4 The composite material has better activity of hydrogen production by photolysis of water without noble metal as a cocatalyst.

Description

MoS 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 Composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photocatalytic materials, in particular to a MoS 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 A composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Semiconductor photocatalytic technology can convert solar energy into new energy, such as hydrogen energy, by means of semiconductor materials. Plays an increasingly important role in the field of energy conservation. Graphite phase carbon nitride (g-C) 3 N 4 ) As a carbon-based material, the material has the characteristics of simple preparation, low cost, visible light response, easy structure adjustment and the like, and is favored by people. But practical application is limited due to easy recombination of photogenerated carriers and low visible light responsivity. Research shows that the strong light scattering effect of the nano-diamond (nanodiamond) enables the g-C to be in a high-speed mode 3 N 4 The visible light utilization efficiency of (D) is improved, however, ND/g-C 3 N 4 The activity of the photocatalytic hydrogen production of (a) is still not high, and noble metal promoters, such as platinum, are still required. The development of a photocatalyst which does not participate in a cocatalyst, is cheap and has high activity has certain significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a MoS 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 The composite material and the preparation method solve the problem of ND/g-C in the prior art 3 N 4 The problem of low activity of photocatalytic hydrogen production is that MoS with better catalytic activity is utilized 2 Replacing the noble metal promoter.
The technical scheme for realizing the invention is as follows:
MoS 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 The preparation method of the composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and drying the nano-diamond;
(2) the melamine, thiourea, metal chloride, nano diamond and ammonium molybdate are dissolved in absolute ethyl alcohol, heated and insulated for 10 to 24 hours at the temperature of 50 to 80 ℃, and naturally cooled to the room temperature;
(3) grinding the mixture obtained in the step (2), putting the mixture into a tube furnace, calcining, and naturally cooling to room temperature;
(4) and (4) dissolving the product obtained in the step (3) in water, filtering and cleaning after magnetic stirring, and drying to obtain the MoS2/ND/g-C3N4 composite material.
The nano-diamond of 5-10 nm is washed by deionized water, sulfuric acid and ethanol for a plurality of times in sequence, and then dried for 20-40 min at 410-450 ℃ in air atmosphere.
In the step (2), the mass ratio of melamine to thiourea to the metal chloride to the nano-diamond to the ammonium molybdate is 0.9: 0.7: 3: (0.001-0.005): (0.002-0.005).
In the step (2), the metal chloride is a mixture of KCl and LiCl, and the molar ratio of KCl to LiCl is 1: 1.
And (3) preserving the heat for 25-40min at 530-580 ℃ under nitrogen.
Dissolving the product obtained in the step (4) in water at 70-85 ℃, and magnetically stirring for 2 h.
The MoS 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 The composite material is of a nano-sheet porous structure.
The MoS 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 The composite material is applied to the hydrogen production by hydrolyzing water.
The MoS 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 The hydrogen yield of the composite material under the irradiation of visible light is 619.24 mu molh -1
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention utilizes MoS 2 Instead of noble metal promoters to construct MoS 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 The composite material has better activity of hydrogen production by photolysis of water without noble metal as a cocatalyst. Irradiating with visible light for 240 min without cocatalyst, MoS 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 The hydrogen production amount of (2) was 619.24. mu. molh -1 Is obviously higher than g-C 3 N 4 And MoS 2 /g-C 3 N 4
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 MoS of the sample of example 1 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 (MoS 2 3%) SEM image (a) and TEM image (b).
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the hydrogen production rates of samples under visible light irradiation.
FIG. 3 shows the MoS sample 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 The cycle experimental diagram of hydrogen production by photolysis of water.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
MoS 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 The preparation method of the composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) commercially available nanodiamond purification at 5-10 nm: deionized water rinse multiple times-sulfuric acid rinse multiple times-ethanol rinse multiple times, and then heated to 420 ℃ for about 30min under an air atmosphere.
(2) Taking g-C 3 N 4 The precursor melamine and thiourea mixture (thiourea 0.912g, melamine 0.756 g), 3g KCl/LiCl (molar ratio is 49.4:50.6), a proper amount of nano-diamond 3mg and ammonium molybdate 3mg, and the above materials are mixed into 50mL of absolute ethanol. Then, the mixture was heated to 50 ℃ and incubated for 24 hours, and then allowed to cool to room temperature.
(3) The mixture obtained above was ground thoroughly in an agate mortar for 10 min. The mixture was then transferred to an alumina ceramic crucible and covered with a lid. Subsequently, the crucible containing the mixture was placed in a tube furnace, heated to 550 ℃ with nitrogen as a shielding gas, and held for 25 min. The heating rate is 5-10 ℃/min, and then the mixture is naturally cooled to the room temperature.
(4) The obtained product was dissolved in deionized water at 70 ℃ and magnetically stirred for 2h to remove excess salts. Then filtered and washed 3-5 times with deionized water. Then, the mixture was dissolved in deionized water and dried in a vacuum freeze dryer for 48 hours. Obtaining MoS 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 A composite material.
Example 2
MoS 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 The preparation method of the composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) commercially available 5-10 nm nanodiamond purification: deionized water rinse multiple times-sulfuric acid rinse multiple times-ethanol rinse multiple times, then heated at 410 ℃ for about 20min under air atmosphere.
(2) Taking g-C 3 N 4 The precursor melamine and thiourea mixture (thiourea 0.912g, melamine 0.756 g), 3g KCl/LiCl (molar ratio is 49.4:50.6), a proper amount of nano-diamond 3mg and ammonium molybdate 2mg, and 80mL of absolute ethanol is added into the materials. Then, the mixture was heated to 70 ℃ and incubated for 15 hours, and then allowed to cool to room temperature.
(3) The mixture obtained above was ground thoroughly in an agate mortar for 20 min. The mixture was then transferred to an alumina ceramic crucible and covered with a lid. Subsequently, the crucible containing the mixture was placed in a tube furnace, heated to 530 ℃ with nitrogen as a protective gas, and held for 40 min. The heating rate is 5-10 ℃/min, and then the mixture is naturally cooled to the room temperature.
(4) The obtained product was dissolved in deionized water at 80 ℃ and magnetically stirred for 2h to remove excess salts. Then filtered and washed 3-5 times with deionized water. Then, the mixture was dissolved in deionized water and dried in a vacuum freeze dryer for 48 hours. Obtaining MoS 2 Nano diamond/g-C 3 N 4 A composite material.
Example 3
MoS 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 The preparation method of the composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) commercially available 5-10 nm nanodiamond purification: deionized water rinse multiple times-sulfuric acid rinse multiple times-ethanol rinse multiple times, then heated at 450 ℃ for about 40min under air atmosphere.
(2) Taking g-C 3 N 4 The precursor melamine and thiourea mixture (thiourea 0.912g, melamine 0.756 g), 3g KCl/LiCl (molar ratio is 49.4:50.6), a proper amount of nano-diamond 5mg and ammonium molybdate 5mg, and the above materials are mixed into 100mL of absolute ethanol. Then, the mixture was heated to 80 ℃ and incubated for 10 hours, and then allowed to cool to room temperature.
(3) The mixture obtained above was ground thoroughly in an agate mortar for 30 min. The mixture was then transferred to an alumina ceramic crucible and covered with a lid. Subsequently, the crucible containing the mixture was placed in a tube furnace, heated to 580 ℃ with nitrogen as a shielding gas, and kept for 25 min. The heating rate is 5-10 ℃/min, and then the mixture is naturally cooled to the room temperature.
(4) The obtained product was dissolved in deionized water at 85 ℃ and magnetically stirred for 2h to remove excess salts. Then filtered and washed 3-5 times with deionized water. Then, the mixture was dissolved in deionized water and dried in a vacuum freeze dryer for 48 hours. Obtaining MoS 2 Nano diamond/g-C 3 N 4 A composite material.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (6)

1. MoS 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 The preparation method of the composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) cleaning and drying the nano-diamond;
(2) the melamine, thiourea, metal chloride, nano diamond and ammonium molybdate are dissolved in absolute ethyl alcohol, heated and insulated for 10 to 24 hours at the temperature of 50 to 80 ℃, and naturally cooled to the room temperature; the mass ratio of the melamine to the thiourea to the metal chloride to the nano-diamond to the ammonium molybdate is 0.9: 0.7: 3: (0.001-0.005): (0.002-0.005); the metal chloride is a mixture of KCl and LiCl, and the molar ratio of KCl to LiCl is 1: 1;
(3) grinding the mixture obtained in the step (2), putting the mixture into a tube furnace, preserving the heat for 25-40min at 530-580 ℃ under nitrogen, and naturally cooling to room temperature;
(4) dissolving the product obtained in the step (3) in water, filtering and cleaning after magnetic stirring, and drying to obtain MoS 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 A composite material.
2. The MoS of claim 1 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 The preparation method of the composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the nano-diamond of 5-10 nm is washed by deionized water, sulfuric acid and ethanol for a plurality of times in sequence, and then dried for 20-40 min at 410-450 ℃ in air atmosphere.
3. The MoS of claim 1 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 The preparation method of the composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: dissolving the product obtained in the step (4) in water at 70-85 ℃, and magnetically stirring for 2 h.
4. MoS prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 A composite material characterized by: the MoS 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 The composite material is of a nano-sheet porous structure.
5. The MoS of claim 4 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 A material characterized by: the MoS 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 The composite material is applied to hydrogen production by photolysis of water.
6. The MoS of claim 5 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 A material characterized by: the MoS 2 /ND/g-C 3 N 4 The hydrogen yield of the composite material under the irradiation of visible light is 619.24 mu molh -1
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