CN112450009A - Planting method for interplanting watermelons and melons - Google Patents

Planting method for interplanting watermelons and melons Download PDF

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CN112450009A
CN112450009A CN202011490206.9A CN202011490206A CN112450009A CN 112450009 A CN112450009 A CN 112450009A CN 202011490206 A CN202011490206 A CN 202011490206A CN 112450009 A CN112450009 A CN 112450009A
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parts
vines
watermelons
melons
melon
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徐锋
徐清华
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Shishou Tianzi No Melon Vegetable Land Stock Professional Cooperative
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Shishou Tianzi No Melon Vegetable Land Stock Professional Cooperative
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/50—1,3-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazoles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/80—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,2
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
    • C05D1/02—Manufacture from potassium chloride or sulfate or double or mixed salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • C05F11/08—Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides a planting method for interplanting watermelons and melons, which comprises the following steps: step S1: fertilizing and soil preparation; step S2: arranging a dropper; step S3: transplanting; step S4: managing in a seedling stage; step S6: pruning: three vines are reserved for the watermelons, the main vines grow towards the center of the shed, the two lateral vines grow towards the edge of the shed, the main vines bear the watermelons in 10-12 leaves, artificial pollination is carried out, one vine and one melon are used, and the lateral branches of the main lateral vines are completely cleaned; step S7: melon treatment: hanging vines, wherein the main vines bear melons at 8-10 leaves, one vine bears one melon, when 25 leaves are reached, one fruit is left, 28 leaves are topped, and the other side vines are completely clean; step S8: disease prevention and treatment: the control of downy mildew, epidemic disease, gummy stem blight and aphid is noticed, and the control of whitefly and powdery mildew is carried out at the later stage; step S9: and (6) harvesting at proper time. The invention provides a planting method for interplanting watermelons and melons, which is high in survival rate of the vines of the seedlings of the watermelons and the melons, not easy to suffer from diseases, high in fruit quality of the watermelons and the melons and high in yield.

Description

Planting method for interplanting watermelons and melons
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of watermelon and melon interplanting, in particular to a planting method for watermelon and melon interplanting.
Background
The watermelon and the melon are horticultural crops with high benefit, are important components of modern agricultural construction in China, and have obvious effect on increasing income of farmers. The watermelon and melon industry in China has been developed greatly since the development of innovation, and becomes the biggest watermelon and melon producing country and consuming country in the world. With the increasing living standard of people and the continuous optimization of the nutritional dietary structure, the proportion of fruits in daily food consumption of residents is gradually increased, and the global fruit demand is continuously increased.
However, in the prior art, the yield of the watermelon and the melon is not high enough during interplanting, the watermelon and the melon seedlings are not harvested well due to tendril diseases, and the economic benefit needs to be improved.
Therefore, the watermelon and melon interplanting method which is high in survival rate of the vines of the watermelon and melon seedlings, not prone to diseases, high in fruit quality and high in yield needs to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a planting method for interplanting watermelons and melons, which has the advantages of high survival rate of the vines of the seedlings of the watermelons and the melons, low possibility of diseases, high fruiting quality of the watermelons and the melons and high yield.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a planting method for interplanting watermelons and melons comprises the following steps:
step S1: fertilizing and soil preparation, namely spreading 700-800 parts of compound fertilizer per mu of field by weight, spreading the compound fertilizer over the field, rotary tillage, ditch division and soil preparation into an arch-back shape;
step S2: arranging droppers, planting watermelons at two sides, arranging droppers at 1.2m positions from the two sides of the greenhouse, arranging droppers at 40cm positions of the central groove of the middle melon, and laminating;
step S3: transplanting, namely transplanting the watermelon in a sunny way when the ground temperature is proper, wherein the plant distance of the watermelon is 40cm, the distance from a dropper is 20-30cm, the plant distance of the melon is 50cm, and the distance from the dropper is 20 cm;
step S4: managing in a seedling stage;
step S5: and (3) pest control: preventing and treating aphid, anthracnose, epidemic disease, bacterial angular leaf spot, gummy stem blight and blight at middle and later stages, and preventing and treating red spider and cabbage worm at later stages;
step S6: pruning: three vines are reserved for the watermelons, the main vines grow towards the center of the shed, the two lateral vines grow towards the edge of the shed, the main vines bear the watermelons in 10-12 leaves, artificial pollination is carried out, one vine and one melon are used, and the lateral branches of the main lateral vines are completely cleaned;
step S7: melon treatment: hanging vines, wherein the main vines bear melons at 8-10 leaves, one vine bears one melon, when 25 leaves are reached, one fruit is left, 28 leaves are topped, and the other side vines are completely clean;
step S8: disease prevention and treatment: the control of downy mildew, epidemic disease, gummy stem blight and aphid is noticed, and the control of whitefly and powdery mildew is carried out at the later stage;
step S9: and (6) harvesting at proper time.
As a further configuration of the present invention, the seedling management of step S4 includes the steps of: (1) spraying root fixing water on the transplanting day, spraying active treatment liquid for 1-3min, covering with small arch, keeping the temperature in the shed at no more than 40 deg.C in the day, and turning off the internal film in the shed at late stage to make the temperature at night not lower than 10 deg.C; (2) after 3-5 days, spraying root fixing water for the second time, and spraying a sterilization liquid; (3) spraying root fixing water for the third time after 3-5 days, and spraying nutrient solution; (4) sealing and bacon.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the compound fertilizer in the step S1 comprises the following combinations and proportions: 300 parts of fermented cake fertilizer 250-50 parts, 30-50 parts of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, 20-50 parts of pure potassium sulfate fertilizer, 10-30 parts of trace element fertilizer and 500 parts of organic fertilizer 450-containing fertilizer.
As a further setting of the invention, the active treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-100 parts of 800-time monopotassium phosphate, 80-100 parts of 800-time full water-soluble bacterial fertilizer and 5-10 parts of diglucosylgallic acid.
As a further setting of the invention, the paint also comprises 1-3 parts of 3, 4-diaminobenzoic acid by weight.
As a further setting of the invention, the bacteria-removing liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of 1200-time abamectin, 1-5 parts of hymexazol, 3-5 parts of 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole and 100 parts of water.
As a further setting of the invention, the nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of trichoderma, 50-100 parts of 800-time full water-soluble bacterial fertilizer and 500 parts of water.
As a further configuration of the present invention, in step S1, the furrowing is: the width of the central ditch of the greenhouse with the width of 6m is 40cm, and the lengths of the two sides are 2.7m and 2.9m respectively.
The beneficial effect of this scheme is:
1. the planting method for interplanting the watermelon and the melon adopts the rooting water and the active treatment solution to treat and spray the seedlings, the monopotassium phosphate and the full water-soluble bacterial fertilizer in the active treatment solution can provide sufficient phosphorus and potassium nutrition for the seedlings, meanwhile, provides the seedlings with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria and other multifunctional bacteria, can promote the crops to fix free nitrogen in the air, can be converted into effective nitrogen which can be directly absorbed and utilized by crops, reduces the leaching loss of nitrogen in soil, and can decompose and release phosphorus and potassium elements which are adsorbed and deposited in the soil for a long time and be converted into water-soluble phosphorus and potassium which are easy to be absorbed by the crops, and the diglucosylgallic acid can provide nutrients for the strains of azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and the like, and improve the activity of the azotobacter, the phosphate solubilizing bacteria and the potassium solubilizing bacteria, so that the nutrients absorbed by seedlings are improved, and the aim of improving the yield of the watermelon and the melon is fulfilled finally.
2. The 3, 4-diaminobenzoic acid can promote the vegetative growth of plants to be converted into reproductive nutrition in the growth process of seedlings, inhibit the excessive growth of main shoots, promote the differentiation of flower buds, increase the flowering rate, improve the fertilization quality of pollen, increase the flowering rate and fruit setting rate and improve the yield of watermelons and muskmelons.
3. The 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole can promote the growth of seedlings, more importantly, the 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole has an antagonistic effect on plant pathogenic fungi, bacteria and insects, the morbidity of the seedlings can be effectively reduced, the survival rate of the seedlings is effectively improved, and finally the yield of watermelons and melons is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the invention provides a planting method for interplanting watermelons and melons, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: fertilizing and soil preparation, namely, according to the parts by weight, spreading 700 parts of compound fertilizer per mu of field, spreading the compound fertilizer in the field, carrying out rotary tillage and ditch division, and soil preparation into an arch back shape, wherein the width of a ditch between centers of a greenhouse with the width of 6m is 40cm, and the lengths of two sides are 2.7m and 2.9m respectively;
step S2: arranging droppers, planting watermelons at two sides, arranging droppers at 1.2m positions from the two sides of the greenhouse, arranging droppers at 40cm positions of the central groove of the middle melon, and laminating;
step S3: transplanting, namely transplanting the watermelon in a sunny way when the ground temperature is proper, wherein the spacing between the watermelon plants is 40cm, the spacing between the watermelon plants is 20cm, the spacing between the melon plants is 50cm, and the spacing between the melon plants is 20 cm;
step S4: seedling stage management: (1) spraying root fixing water on the transplanting day, spraying active treatment liquid for 1min, covering with a small arch, keeping the temperature in the shed no more than 40 ℃ in the day, and turning off the internal film of the shed in a delayed manner to make the temperature at night not lower than 10 ℃; (2) after 3 days, spraying root fixing water for the second time, and spraying a sterilization liquid; (3) after 3 days, spraying root fixing water for the third time, and spraying nutrient solution; (4) sealing and bacon;
step S5: and (3) pest control: preventing and treating aphid, anthracnose, epidemic disease, bacterial angular leaf spot, gummy stem blight and blight at middle and later stages, and preventing and treating red spider and cabbage worm at later stages;
step S6: pruning: three vines are reserved for the watermelons, the main vines grow towards the center of the shed, the two lateral vines grow towards the edge of the shed, the main vines bear the watermelons in 10-12 leaves, artificial pollination is carried out, one vine and one melon are used, and the lateral branches of the main lateral vines are completely cleaned;
step S7: melon treatment: hanging vines, wherein the main vines bear melons at 8-10 leaves, one vine bears one melon, when 25 leaves are reached, one fruit is left, 28 leaves are topped, and the other side vines are completely clean;
step S8: disease prevention and treatment: the control of downy mildew, epidemic disease, gummy stem blight and aphid is noticed, and the control of whitefly and powdery mildew is carried out at the later stage;
step S9: and (6) harvesting at proper time.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the compound fertilizer in the step S1 comprises the following combinations and proportions: 250 parts of fermented cake fertilizer, 30 parts of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, 20 parts of pure potassium sulfate fertilizer, 10 parts of trace element fertilizer and 450 parts of organic fertilizer.
As a further setting of the invention, the active treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of 800-time monopotassium phosphate, 80 parts of 800-time full water-soluble bacterial fertilizer, 5 parts of diglucosylgallic acid and 1 part of 3, 4-diaminobenzoic acid.
As a further setting of the invention, the bacteria-removing liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1200 parts of abamectin 5 parts, 1 part of hymexazol, 3 parts of 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole and 100 parts of water.
As a further setting of the invention, the nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of trichoderma, 50 parts of 800-time full water-soluble bacterial fertilizer and 300 parts of water.
Example 2:
the invention provides a planting method for interplanting watermelons and melons, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: fertilizing and soil preparation, namely, according to the parts by weight, spreading 800 parts of compound fertilizer per mu of field, spreading the compound fertilizer in the field, carrying out rotary tillage and ditch division, and soil preparation into an arch back shape, wherein the width of a ditch between centers of a greenhouse with the width of 6m is 40cm, and the lengths of two sides are 2.7m and 2.9m respectively;
step S2: arranging droppers, planting watermelons at two sides, arranging droppers at 1.2m positions from the two sides of the greenhouse, arranging droppers at 40cm positions of the central groove of the middle melon, and laminating;
step S3: transplanting, namely transplanting the watermelon in a sunny way when the ground temperature is proper, wherein the spacing between the watermelon plants is 40cm, the spacing between the watermelon plants is 30cm, the spacing between the melon plants is 50cm, and the spacing between the watermelon plants and the drip tube is 20 cm;
step S4: seedling stage management: (1) spraying root fixing water on the transplanting day, spraying active treatment liquid for 3min, covering with a small arch, keeping the temperature in the shed no more than 40 ℃ in the day, and turning off the internal film of the shed in a delayed manner to make the temperature at night not lower than 10 ℃; (2) after 5 days, spraying root fixing water for the second time, and spraying a sterilization liquid; (3) after 5 days, spraying root fixing water for the third time, and spraying nutrient solution; (4) sealing and bacon;
step S5: and (3) pest control: preventing and treating aphid, anthracnose, epidemic disease, bacterial angular leaf spot, gummy stem blight and blight at middle and later stages, and preventing and treating red spider and cabbage worm at later stages;
step S6: pruning: three vines are reserved for the watermelons, the main vines grow towards the center of the shed, the two lateral vines grow towards the edge of the shed, the main vines bear the watermelons in 10-12 leaves, artificial pollination is carried out, one vine and one melon are used, and the lateral branches of the main lateral vines are completely cleaned;
step S7: melon treatment: hanging vines, wherein the main vines bear melons at 8-10 leaves, one vine bears one melon, when 25 leaves are reached, one fruit is left, 28 leaves are topped, and the other side vines are completely clean;
step S8: disease prevention and treatment: the control of downy mildew, epidemic disease, gummy stem blight and aphid is noticed, and the control of whitefly and powdery mildew is carried out at the later stage;
step S9: and (6) harvesting at proper time.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the compound fertilizer in the step S1 comprises the following combinations and proportions: 300 parts of fermented cake fertilizer, 50 parts of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, 50 parts of pure potassium sulfate fertilizer, 30 parts of trace element fertilizer and 500 parts of organic fertilizer.
As a further setting of the invention, the active treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of 800-time monopotassium phosphate, 100 parts of 800-time total water-soluble bacterial fertilizer, 10 parts of diglucosylgallic acid and 3 parts of 3, 4-diaminobenzoic acid.
As a further setting of the invention, the bacteria-removing liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of 1200-time abamectin, 5 parts of hymexazol, 5 parts of 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole and 100 parts of water.
As a further setting of the invention, the nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of trichoderma, 100 parts of 800-time full water-soluble bacterial fertilizer and 500 parts of water.
Example 3:
the invention provides a planting method for interplanting watermelons and melons, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: fertilizing and soil preparation, wherein 750 parts of compound fertilizer is applied to each mu of field by weight, full field application, rotary tillage and ditch division are performed, soil is prepared into an arch back shape, the width of a ditch between centers of greenhouses with the width of 6m is 40cm, and the lengths of two sides are 2.7m and 2.9m respectively;
step S2: arranging droppers, planting watermelons at two sides, arranging droppers at 1.2m positions from the two sides of the greenhouse, arranging droppers at 40cm positions of the central groove of the middle melon, and laminating;
step S3: transplanting, namely transplanting the watermelon in a sunny way when the ground temperature is proper, wherein the spacing between the watermelon plants is 40cm, the spacing between the watermelon plants is 25cm, the spacing between the melon plants is 50cm, and the spacing between the melon plants is 20 cm;
step S4: seedling stage management: (1) spraying root fixing water on the transplanting day, spraying active treatment liquid for 2min, covering with a small arch, keeping the temperature in the shed no more than 40 ℃ in the day, and turning off the internal film of the shed in a delayed manner to make the temperature at night not lower than 10 ℃; (2) after 4 days, spraying root fixing water for the second time, and spraying a sterilization liquid; (3) after 4 days, spraying root fixing water for the third time, and spraying nutrient solution; (4) sealing and bacon;
step S5: and (3) pest control: preventing and treating aphid, anthracnose, epidemic disease, bacterial angular leaf spot, gummy stem blight and blight at middle and later stages, and preventing and treating red spider and cabbage worm at later stages;
step S6: pruning: three vines are reserved for the watermelons, the main vines grow towards the center of the shed, the two lateral vines grow towards the edge of the shed, the main vines bear the watermelons in 10-12 leaves, artificial pollination is carried out, one vine and one melon are used, and the lateral branches of the main lateral vines are completely cleaned;
step S7: melon treatment: hanging vines, wherein the main vines bear melons at 8-10 leaves, one vine bears one melon, when 25 leaves are reached, one fruit is left, 28 leaves are topped, and the other side vines are completely clean;
step S8: disease prevention and treatment: the control of downy mildew, epidemic disease, gummy stem blight and aphid is noticed, and the control of whitefly and powdery mildew is carried out at the later stage;
step S9: and (6) harvesting at proper time.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the compound fertilizer in the step S1 comprises the following combinations and proportions: 280 parts of fermented cake fertilizer, 40 parts of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, 30 parts of pure potassium sulfate fertilizer, 20 parts of trace element fertilizer and 480 parts of organic fertilizer.
As a further setting of the invention, the active treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of 800-time monopotassium phosphate, 90 parts of 800-time total water-soluble bacterial fertilizer, 8 parts of diglucosylgallic acid and 2 parts of 3, 4-diaminobenzoic acid.
As a further setting of the invention, the bacteria-removing liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of 1200-time abamectin, 4 parts of hymexazol, 4 parts of 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole and 100 parts of water.
As a further setting of the invention, the nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of trichoderma, 80 parts of 800-time full water-soluble bacterial fertilizer and 400 parts of water.
Example 4:
the invention provides a planting method for interplanting watermelons and melons, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: fertilizing and soil preparation, wherein 750 parts of compound fertilizer is applied to each mu of field by weight, full field application, rotary tillage and ditch division are performed, soil is prepared into an arch back shape, the width of a ditch between centers of greenhouses with the width of 6m is 40cm, and the lengths of two sides are 2.7m and 2.9m respectively;
step S2: arranging droppers, planting watermelons at two sides, arranging droppers at 1.2m positions from the two sides of the greenhouse, arranging droppers at 40cm positions of the central groove of the middle melon, and laminating;
step S3: transplanting, namely transplanting the watermelon in a sunny way when the ground temperature is proper, wherein the spacing between the watermelon plants is 40cm, the spacing between the watermelon plants is 25cm, the spacing between the melon plants is 50cm, and the spacing between the melon plants is 20 cm;
step S4: seedling stage management: (1) spraying root fixing water on the transplanting day, spraying active treatment liquid for 2min, covering with a small arch, keeping the temperature in the shed no more than 40 ℃ in the day, and turning off the internal film of the shed in a delayed manner to make the temperature at night not lower than 10 ℃; (2) after 4 days, spraying root fixing water for the second time, and spraying a sterilization liquid; (3) after 4 days, spraying root fixing water for the third time, and spraying nutrient solution; (4) sealing and bacon;
step S5: and (3) pest control: preventing and treating aphid, anthracnose, epidemic disease, bacterial angular leaf spot, gummy stem blight and blight at middle and later stages, and preventing and treating red spider and cabbage worm at later stages;
step S6: pruning: three vines are reserved for the watermelons, the main vines grow towards the center of the shed, the two lateral vines grow towards the edge of the shed, the main vines bear the watermelons in 10-12 leaves, artificial pollination is carried out, one vine and one melon are used, and the lateral branches of the main lateral vines are completely cleaned;
step S7: melon treatment: hanging vines, wherein the main vines bear melons at 8-10 leaves, one vine bears one melon, when 25 leaves are reached, one fruit is left, 28 leaves are topped, and the other side vines are completely clean;
step S8: disease prevention and treatment: the control of downy mildew, epidemic disease, gummy stem blight and aphid is noticed, and the control of whitefly and powdery mildew is carried out at the later stage;
step S9: and (6) harvesting at proper time.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the compound fertilizer in the step S1 comprises the following combinations and proportions: 280 parts of fermented cake fertilizer, 40 parts of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, 30 parts of pure potassium sulfate fertilizer, 20 parts of trace element fertilizer and 480 parts of organic fertilizer.
As a further setting of the invention, the active treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of 800-time monopotassium phosphate, 90 parts of 800-time fully water-soluble bacterial fertilizer and 2 parts of 3, 4-diaminobenzoic acid.
As a further setting of the invention, the bacteria-removing liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of 1200-time abamectin, 4 parts of hymexazol, 4 parts of 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole and 100 parts of water.
As a further setting of the invention, the nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of trichoderma, 80 parts of 800-time full water-soluble bacterial fertilizer and 400 parts of water.
Example 5:
the invention provides a planting method for interplanting watermelons and melons, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: fertilizing and soil preparation, wherein 750 parts of compound fertilizer is applied to each mu of field by weight, full field application, rotary tillage and ditch division are performed, soil is prepared into an arch back shape, the width of a ditch between centers of greenhouses with the width of 6m is 40cm, and the lengths of two sides are 2.7m and 2.9m respectively;
step S2: arranging droppers, planting watermelons at two sides, arranging droppers at 1.2m positions from the two sides of the greenhouse, arranging droppers at 40cm positions of the central groove of the middle melon, and laminating;
step S3: transplanting, namely transplanting the watermelon in a sunny way when the ground temperature is proper, wherein the spacing between the watermelon plants is 40cm, the spacing between the watermelon plants is 25cm, the spacing between the melon plants is 50cm, and the spacing between the melon plants is 20 cm;
step S4: seedling stage management: (1) spraying root fixing water on the transplanting day, spraying active treatment liquid for 2min, covering with a small arch, keeping the temperature in the shed no more than 40 ℃ in the day, and turning off the internal film of the shed in a delayed manner to make the temperature at night not lower than 10 ℃; (2) after 4 days, spraying root fixing water for the second time, and spraying a sterilization liquid; (3) after 4 days, spraying root fixing water for the third time, and spraying nutrient solution; (4) sealing and bacon;
step S5: and (3) pest control: preventing and treating aphid, anthracnose, epidemic disease, bacterial angular leaf spot, gummy stem blight and blight at middle and later stages, and preventing and treating red spider and cabbage worm at later stages;
step S6: pruning: three vines are reserved for the watermelons, the main vines grow towards the center of the shed, the two lateral vines grow towards the edge of the shed, the main vines bear the watermelons in 10-12 leaves, artificial pollination is carried out, one vine and one melon are used, and the lateral branches of the main lateral vines are completely cleaned;
step S7: melon treatment: hanging vines, wherein the main vines bear melons at 8-10 leaves, one vine bears one melon, when 25 leaves are reached, one fruit is left, 28 leaves are topped, and the other side vines are completely clean;
step S8: disease prevention and treatment: the control of downy mildew, epidemic disease, gummy stem blight and aphid is noticed, and the control of whitefly and powdery mildew is carried out at the later stage;
step S9: and (6) harvesting at proper time.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the compound fertilizer in the step S1 comprises the following combinations and proportions: 280 parts of fermented cake fertilizer, 40 parts of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, 30 parts of pure potassium sulfate fertilizer, 20 parts of trace element fertilizer and 480 parts of organic fertilizer.
As a further setting of the invention, the active treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of 800 times of monopotassium phosphate, 90 parts of 800 times of full water-soluble bacterial fertilizer and 8 parts of diglucosylgallic acid.
As a further setting of the invention, the bacteria-removing liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of 1200-time abamectin, 4 parts of hymexazol, 4 parts of 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole and 100 parts of water.
As a further setting of the invention, the nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of trichoderma, 80 parts of 800-time full water-soluble bacterial fertilizer and 400 parts of water.
Example 6:
the invention provides a planting method for interplanting watermelons and melons, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: fertilizing and soil preparation, wherein 750 parts of compound fertilizer is applied to each mu of field by weight, full field application, rotary tillage and ditch division are performed, soil is prepared into an arch back shape, the width of a ditch between centers of greenhouses with the width of 6m is 40cm, and the lengths of two sides are 2.7m and 2.9m respectively;
step S2: arranging droppers, planting watermelons at two sides, arranging droppers at 1.2m positions from the two sides of the greenhouse, arranging droppers at 40cm positions of the central groove of the middle melon, and laminating;
step S3: transplanting, namely transplanting the watermelon in a sunny way when the ground temperature is proper, wherein the spacing between the watermelon plants is 40cm, the spacing between the watermelon plants is 25cm, the spacing between the melon plants is 50cm, and the spacing between the melon plants is 20 cm;
step S4: seedling stage management: (1) spraying root fixing water on the transplanting day, spraying active treatment liquid for 2min, covering with a small arch, keeping the temperature in the shed no more than 40 ℃ in the day, and turning off the internal film of the shed in a delayed manner to make the temperature at night not lower than 10 ℃; (2) after 4 days, spraying root fixing water for the second time, and spraying a sterilization liquid; (3) after 4 days, spraying root fixing water for the third time, and spraying nutrient solution; (4) sealing and bacon;
step S5: and (3) pest control: preventing and treating aphid, anthracnose, epidemic disease, bacterial angular leaf spot, gummy stem blight and blight at middle and later stages, and preventing and treating red spider and cabbage worm at later stages;
step S6: pruning: three vines are reserved for the watermelons, the main vines grow towards the center of the shed, the two lateral vines grow towards the edge of the shed, the main vines bear the watermelons in 10-12 leaves, artificial pollination is carried out, one vine and one melon are used, and the lateral branches of the main lateral vines are completely cleaned;
step S7: melon treatment: hanging vines, wherein the main vines bear melons at 8-10 leaves, one vine bears one melon, when 25 leaves are reached, one fruit is left, 28 leaves are topped, and the other side vines are completely clean;
step S8: disease prevention and treatment: the control of downy mildew, epidemic disease, gummy stem blight and aphid is noticed, and the control of whitefly and powdery mildew is carried out at the later stage;
step S9: and (6) harvesting at proper time.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the compound fertilizer in the step S1 comprises the following combinations and proportions: 280 parts of fermented cake fertilizer, 40 parts of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, 30 parts of pure potassium sulfate fertilizer, 20 parts of trace element fertilizer and 480 parts of organic fertilizer.
As a further setting of the invention, the active treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of 800-time monopotassium phosphate, 90 parts of 800-time total water-soluble bacterial fertilizer, 8 parts of diglucosylgallic acid and 2 parts of 3, 4-diaminobenzoic acid.
As a further setting of the invention, the bacteria-removing liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of 1200-time abamectin, 4 parts of hymexazol and 100 parts of water.
As a further setting of the invention, the nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of trichoderma, 80 parts of 800-time full water-soluble bacterial fertilizer and 400 parts of water.
Example 7:
the invention provides a planting method for interplanting watermelons and melons, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: fertilizing and soil preparation, wherein 750 parts of compound fertilizer is applied to each mu of field by weight, full field application, rotary tillage and ditch division are performed, soil is prepared into an arch back shape, the width of a ditch between centers of greenhouses with the width of 6m is 40cm, and the lengths of two sides are 2.7m and 2.9m respectively;
step S2: arranging droppers, planting watermelons at two sides, arranging droppers at 1.2m positions from the two sides of the greenhouse, arranging droppers at 40cm positions of the central groove of the middle melon, and laminating;
step S3: transplanting, namely transplanting the watermelon in a sunny way when the ground temperature is proper, wherein the spacing between the watermelon plants is 40cm, the spacing between the watermelon plants is 25cm, the spacing between the melon plants is 50cm, and the spacing between the melon plants is 20 cm;
step S4: seedling stage management: (1) spraying root fixing water on the transplanting day, spraying active treatment liquid for 2min, covering with a small arch, keeping the temperature in the shed no more than 40 ℃ in the day, and turning off the internal film of the shed in a delayed manner to make the temperature at night not lower than 10 ℃; (2) after 4 days, spraying root fixing water for the second time, and spraying a sterilization liquid; (3) after 4 days, spraying root fixing water for the third time, and spraying nutrient solution; (4) sealing and bacon;
step S5: and (3) pest control: preventing and treating aphid, anthracnose, epidemic disease, bacterial angular leaf spot, gummy stem blight and blight at middle and later stages, and preventing and treating red spider and cabbage worm at later stages;
step S6: pruning: three vines are reserved for the watermelons, the main vines grow towards the center of the shed, the two lateral vines grow towards the edge of the shed, the main vines bear the watermelons in 10-12 leaves, artificial pollination is carried out, one vine and one melon are used, and the lateral branches of the main lateral vines are completely cleaned;
step S7: melon treatment: hanging vines, wherein the main vines bear melons at 8-10 leaves, one vine bears one melon, when 25 leaves are reached, one fruit is left, 28 leaves are topped, and the other side vines are completely clean;
step S8: disease prevention and treatment: the control of downy mildew, epidemic disease, gummy stem blight and aphid is noticed, and the control of whitefly and powdery mildew is carried out at the later stage;
step S9: and (6) harvesting at proper time.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the compound fertilizer in the step S1 comprises the following combinations and proportions: 280 parts of fermented cake fertilizer, 40 parts of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, 30 parts of pure potassium sulfate fertilizer, 20 parts of trace element fertilizer and 480 parts of organic fertilizer.
As a further setting of the invention, the active treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of 800 times of monopotassium phosphate and 90 parts of 800 times of full water-soluble bacterial fertilizer.
As a further setting of the invention, the bacteria-removing liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of 1200-time abamectin, 4 parts of hymexazol and 100 parts of water.
As a further setting of the invention, the nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of trichoderma, 80 parts of 800-time full water-soluble bacterial fertilizer and 400 parts of water.
Experiments were conducted with 1-7 examples each repeated 3 times for a total of 7 random rows of cellsColumn, 120 replicates per replicate. Treatment and control per 667m2The density is 1000 plants, the survival condition, the prevalence rate and the yield condition of seedlings of the test samples are tested, and the test results are shown in the following table 1:
table 1: test data of planting quality of watermelons and muskmelons in various embodiments
Figure BDA0002840453900000091
The planting method for interplanting the watermelon and the melon is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are set forth only to help understand the method and its core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The planting method for interplanting the watermelons and the melons is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1: fertilizing and soil preparation, namely spreading 700-800 parts of compound fertilizer per mu of field by weight, spreading the compound fertilizer over the field, rotary tillage, ditch division and soil preparation into an arch-back shape;
step S2: arranging droppers, planting watermelons at two sides, arranging droppers at 1.2m positions from the two sides of the greenhouse, arranging droppers at 40cm positions of the central groove of the middle melon, and laminating;
step S3: transplanting, namely transplanting the watermelon in a sunny way when the ground temperature is proper, wherein the plant distance of the watermelon is 40cm, the distance from a dropper is 20-30cm, the plant distance of the melon is 50cm, and the distance from the dropper is 20 cm;
step S4: managing in a seedling stage;
step S5: and (3) pest control: preventing and treating aphid, anthracnose, epidemic disease, bacterial angular leaf spot, gummy stem blight and blight at middle and later stages, and preventing and treating red spider and cabbage worm at later stages;
step S6: pruning: three vines are reserved for the watermelons, the main vines grow towards the center of the shed, the two lateral vines grow towards the edge of the shed, the main vines bear the watermelons in 10-12 leaves, artificial pollination is carried out, one vine and one melon are used, and the lateral branches of the main lateral vines are completely cleaned;
step S7: melon treatment: hanging vines, wherein the main vines bear melons at 8-10 leaves, one vine bears one melon, when 25 leaves are reached, one fruit is left, 28 leaves are topped, and the other side vines are completely clean;
step S8: disease prevention and treatment: the control of downy mildew, epidemic disease, gummy stem blight and aphid is noticed, and the control of whitefly and powdery mildew is carried out at the later stage;
step S9: and (6) harvesting at proper time.
2. The planting method for interplanting watermelons and melons according to claim 1, wherein the seedling management of the step S4 comprises the following steps: (1) spraying root fixing water on the transplanting day, spraying active treatment liquid for 1-3min, covering with small arch, keeping the temperature in the shed at no more than 40 deg.C in the day, and turning off the internal film in the shed at late stage to make the temperature at night not lower than 10 deg.C; (2) after 3-5 days, spraying root fixing water for the second time, and spraying a sterilization liquid; (3) spraying root fixing water for the third time after 3-5 days, and spraying nutrient solution; (4) sealing and bacon.
3. The planting method for interplanting watermelons and melons according to claim 1, wherein the compound fertilizer in the step S1 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300 parts of fermented cake fertilizer 250-50 parts, 30-50 parts of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, 20-50 parts of pure potassium sulfate fertilizer, 10-30 parts of trace element fertilizer and 500 parts of organic fertilizer 450-containing fertilizer.
4. The planting method for interplanting watermelons and melons according to claim 2, wherein the active treatment solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-100 parts of 800-time monopotassium phosphate, 80-100 parts of 800-time full water-soluble bacterial fertilizer and 5-10 parts of diglucosylgallic acid.
5. The planting method for interplanting watermelons and melons according to claim 4, wherein the planting method further comprises 1-3 parts by weight of 3, 4-diaminobenzoic acid.
6. The planting method for interplanting watermelons and melons according to claim 2, wherein the sterilization liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of 1200-time abamectin, 1-5 parts of hymexazol, 3-5 parts of 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole and 100 parts of water.
7. The planting method for interplanting watermelons and melons according to claim 2, wherein the nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of trichoderma, 50-100 parts of 800-time full water-soluble bacterial fertilizer and 500 parts of water.
8. The planting method for interplanting watermelons and melons according to claim 1, wherein the furrowing in the step S1 is as follows: the width of the central ditch of the greenhouse with the width of 6m is 40cm, and the lengths of the two sides are 2.7m and 2.9m respectively.
CN202011490206.9A 2020-12-16 2020-12-16 Planting method for interplanting watermelons and melons Pending CN112450009A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101904260A (en) * 2010-07-07 2010-12-08 新疆农业科学院哈密瓜研究中心 Planting mode suitable for stereoscopic fruit and vegetable crops
CN106888788A (en) * 2017-02-27 2017-06-27 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 A kind of mini watermelon and muskmelon solid interplanting method

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CN101904260A (en) * 2010-07-07 2010-12-08 新疆农业科学院哈密瓜研究中心 Planting mode suitable for stereoscopic fruit and vegetable crops
CN106888788A (en) * 2017-02-27 2017-06-27 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 A kind of mini watermelon and muskmelon solid interplanting method

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