CN112393262A - Heat storage type buffer cooling reciprocating grate and using method thereof - Google Patents
Heat storage type buffer cooling reciprocating grate and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112393262A CN112393262A CN202011302886.7A CN202011302886A CN112393262A CN 112393262 A CN112393262 A CN 112393262A CN 202011302886 A CN202011302886 A CN 202011302886A CN 112393262 A CN112393262 A CN 112393262A
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- static
- fire grate
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- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012536 storage buffer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H7/00—Inclined or stepped grates
- F23H7/12—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed transversely to direction of fuel feeding
- F23H7/14—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed transversely to direction of fuel feeding reciprocating along their axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/002—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H11/00—Travelling-grates
- F23H11/12—Travelling-grates inclined travelling grates; Stepped travelling grates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H2700/00—Grates characterised by special features or applications
- F23H2700/008—Mobile grates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H2900/00—Special features of combustion grates
- F23H2900/03021—Liquid cooled grates
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a heat-storage type buffer cooling reciprocating grate and a using method thereof, wherein the heat-storage type buffer cooling reciprocating grate comprises at least two stages of moving and static grate plate groups which are downward step by step along the material flow direction; the movable and static fire grate group comprises a movable fire grate sheet and a static fire grate sheet which are downward step by step along the material flow direction, the movable fire grate sheet is in transmission connection with a driving assembly, and the driving assembly is used for driving the movable fire grate sheet to reciprocate along the horizontal direction; the movable fire grate segment is hollow, a first heat exchange coil is arranged in a cavity of the movable fire grate segment, and a first heat storage material is filled in the cavity; the static fire grate sheet is hollow, a second heat exchange coil is arranged in a cavity of the static fire grate sheet, and a second heat storage material is filled in the cavity. The invention effectively reduces the surface temperature of the fire grate segment and solves the technical problem of over-high burning loss speed of the fire grate segment caused by poor cooling effect in a high-temperature environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of incinerating devices, and relates to a heat storage type buffer cooling reciprocating grate and a using method thereof.
Background
Along with the continuous improvement of the living standard of residents, the yield of the municipal solid waste is increased more and more, and the heat value of the solid waste is also increased continuously. The garbage grate has been widely used in the garbage incineration industry due to its characteristics of perfect and reliable technology, large treatment scale, etc. However, under the condition of the same treatment capacity, the increase of the heat value of the garbage causes the overload operation of the incinerator, the temperature inside the hearth rises, the operation environment of the garbage incinerator becomes worse, the service life of the fire grate is reduced, and therefore the production operation period is shortened. In order to prolong the service life of the fire grate segment, forced air cooling fire grates and forced water cooling fire grates are generally adopted for increasing forced cooling in structure. The forced air cooling grate takes air as a cooling medium, and a forced air cooling pipeline is designed at the lower part of the high-temperature part of the grate segment, so that the forced air cooling grate is intensively blown with low air quantity to reduce the temperature.
The forced water-cooling fire grate takes water as a cooling medium, and cools heat transfer blocks arranged in a high-temperature area of a fire grate segment through water circulation, so that the temperature of the fire grate segment is reduced. However, foreign technical facilities are mainly developed for domestic garbage collected with high calorific value and high classification in developed countries. The municipal solid waste in China has the characteristics of low heat value, high water content, large ash content, complex components, unsorted collection and the like, and the introduced foreign waste incinerator can not effectively treat the domestic waste with complex components which is mixed and collected in cities in China.
CN105805760A discloses a reciprocating rolling grate segment for a garbage incinerator, which comprises a grate fixed support, a grate movable support, a fixed grate segment, a movable grate segment, a heat-resistant casting body, rollers, pin shafts and fasteners; the heat-resistant casting body is arranged on a contact surface of the reciprocating motion of the fire grate segment, a pin shaft penetrates through the center of the roller, the roller is arranged in a groove of the heat-resistant casting body and is fixed on the groove wall of the heat-resistant casting body by the pin shaft, and a fastener is arranged at the tail end of the pin shaft to fasten the roller; the movable fire grate segment and the fixed fire grate segment have reciprocating rolling friction on the contact surface of the roller to reduce the friction coefficient and reduce the abrasion.
CN205279104U discloses a combined reciprocating grate segment, which comprises a grate segment body, wherein the grate segment body comprises a front section grate segment and a rear section grate segment, the front section grate segment is connected with the rear section grate segment through bolts, and air through holes are uniformly formed in the front section grate segment and the rear section grate segment; the rear portion of back end grate segment is equipped with the first screw that is used for with boiler bearing structure bolted connection.
CN103453535A discloses a reciprocating mechanical grate for improving the stable combustion capability of the ignition mode under the stratified combustion, comprising: the upper fixed grate segment, the upper movable grate segment, the lower movable grate segment and the lower fixed grate segment are arranged in a ladder shape from top to bottom, and the upper movable grate segment and the lower movable grate segment reciprocate through a driving device; wherein, the reciprocating speed and the reciprocating stroke of the upper movable fire grate segment are both less than those of the lower movable fire grate segment; and the end part of the upper movable grate segment facing to the fuel moving direction is not overlapped with the end part of the lower movable grate segment facing to the fuel moving direction.
Therefore, in order to solve the problem of domestic garbage incineration in cities in China, a mechanical fire grate system and key parts thereof which accord with the characteristics of garbage in China need to be designed urgently, and effective basis is provided for the optimal design and control of the fire grate system.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a heat-storage type buffer cooling reciprocating grate and a using method thereof, which effectively reduce the surface temperature of a grate segment, solve the technical problem of overhigh burning loss speed caused by poor cooling effect of the grate segment in a high-temperature environment, reduce the occurrence of ash deposition and scaling on the surface of the grate segment and prolong the service life of the grate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a heat storage type buffer cooling reciprocating grate which comprises at least two stages of moving and static grate plate groups which are downward step by step along the material flow direction.
The movable and static fire grate group comprises a movable fire grate sheet and a static fire grate sheet which are downward step by step along the material flow direction, the movable fire grate sheet is in transmission connection with a driving assembly, and the driving assembly is used for driving the movable fire grate sheet to reciprocate along the horizontal direction; the top surface of the movable grate segment is an inclined plane, the movable grate segment is hollow inside, a first heat exchange coil is arranged in a cavity of the movable grate segment, a first heat storage material is filled in the cavity, the material heat on the top surface of the movable grate segment is transferred to the first heat storage material to be stored, a first cooling medium is injected into the first heat exchange coil, and the first cooling medium exchanges heat with the first heat storage material to transfer and recycle the heat of the first heat storage material.
The interior of the static fire grate segment is hollow, a second heat exchange coil is arranged in a cavity of the static fire grate segment, a second heat storage material is filled in the cavity, the material heat on the top surface of the static fire grate segment is transferred to the second heat storage material for storage, a second cooling medium is injected into the second heat exchange coil, the second cooling medium exchanges heat with the second heat storage material, and the heat of the second heat storage material is transferred and reused.
According to the invention, the heat storage material is filled in the cavities inside the movable fire grate segment and the static fire grate segment, and the heat exchange coil is arranged, so that heat absorbed by the surfaces of the fire grate segments is quickly transferred into the heat storage material, and then the heat storage material is cooled, thereby preventing the fire grate from being burnt due to overhigh temperature. The structure not only can effectively reduce the steel consumption of the fire grate, reduce the cost, but also is more beneficial to reducing the thermal stress fatigue loss of the fire grate, prolongs the service life, effectively reduces the surface temperature of the fire grate segment, and solves the technical problem of overhigh burning loss speed of the fire grate segment caused by poor cooling effect in a high-temperature environment.
As a preferable technical solution of the present invention, the inlet end and the outlet end of the first heat exchanging coil are located at the same end of the movable fire grate segment.
Preferably, the first cooling medium comprises water or heat conducting oil.
Preferably, the first heat storage material comprises a composite molten salt or alloy.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the inlet end and the outlet end of the second heat exchanging coil are respectively located at two ends of the static fire grate segment.
Preferably, the second cooling medium comprises compressed air or compressed oxygen.
Preferably, the second heat storage material comprises a composite molten salt or alloy.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, an air chamber is arranged in a cavity of the static fire grate segment, an outlet end of the second heat exchange coil is connected to one end of the air chamber, at least two outlet channels are arranged at the other end of the air chamber, the outlet channels are over against the movable fire grate segment of the next stage of the static and dynamic fire grate segment group, and a second heat exchange medium flowing through the second heat exchange coil is sprayed out from the outlet channel of the air chamber and then is blown to clean the top surface of the movable fire grate segment of the next stage.
According to the invention, the air chamber with the multi-outlet channel is arranged, so that the top surface of the next-stage movable fire grate segment is blown and cleaned by utilizing the flow velocity of the second heat exchange medium sprayed out from the outlet of the air chamber while heat is taken, the dust accumulated on the surface of the fire grate segment is favorably removed, and the manual intervention is reduced.
Preferably, the air chamber is arranged at one end of the static fire grate segment, which is far away from the movable fire grate segment.
As a preferred technical scheme, the driving assembly comprises a movable cross beam and a servo motor, the movable cross beam is fixed at the bottom of the movable fire grate segment, the servo motor is in transmission connection with the movable cross beam and is used for driving the movable cross beam to reciprocate along the horizontal direction, and the movable fire grate segment pushes materials on the top surface of the static fire grate segment down to the next movable fire grate segment group in the reciprocating motion process.
Preferably, the movable cross beam is fixed at one end of the movable fire grate segment, which is far away from the static fire grate segment.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the top surface of the movable fire grate segment is an inclined surface;
preferably, the angle between the inclined plane of the top surface of the movable fire grate segment and the horizontal plane is 20 to 22 degrees, such as 20 ℃, 20.2 ℃, 20.4 ℃, 20.6 ℃, 20.8 ℃, 21 ℃, 21.2 ℃, 21.4 ℃, 21.6 ℃, 21.8 ℃ or 22 ℃, but is not limited to the enumerated values, and other non-enumerated values in the numerical range are also applicable.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, a gap is reserved between the movable grate segment and the static grate segment, a foot pad is arranged in the gap, the foot pad is positioned at the bottom surface of one end of the movable grate segment close to the static grate segment, and the bottom surface of the foot pad is directly contacted with the top surface of the static grate segment.
In the invention, the movable grate segment and the static grate segment have larger gaps by arranging the foot pads, which is more beneficial to the entrance of primary air at the bottom of the grate and ensures that the materials are more fully combusted. In addition, in the horizontal reciprocating motion process of the movable grate segment, the foot pads can also be used as scraping plates to scrape the accumulated dust on the top surface of the static grate segment, so that the accumulated dust on the surface of the grate segment can be removed, and the manual intervention can be reduced.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for using the thermal storage type buffer cooling reciprocating grate according to the first aspect, the method comprising:
the method comprises the following steps that (I) materials on the top surfaces of movable grate segments slide down to the top surfaces of static grate segments along an inclined plane, in the sliding process, heat of the materials is absorbed and stored by a first heat storage material, a first cooling medium flowing in a first heat exchange coil is in contact with the first heat storage material for heat exchange, and the heat stored in the first heat storage material is transferred to the first cooling medium;
(II) the heat of the material falling into the top surface of the static fire grate segment is absorbed and stored by a second heat storage material, a second cooling medium flowing in a second heat exchange coil is in contact with the second heat storage material for heat exchange, and the heat stored in the second heat storage material is transferred to the second cooling medium; the movable grate segment reciprocates in the horizontal direction under the transmission of the driving component, and pushes the materials on the top surface of the static grate segment to a next-stage movable and static grate segment group in the reciprocating motion process;
and (III) repeating the step (I) and the step (II) on the material pushed down to the next stage moving and static grate group.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, in the reciprocating motion process of the movable fire grate segment, the foot pads on the bottom surface of the movable fire grate segment scrape the top surface of the static fire grate segment to remove the accumulated dust on the top surface of the static fire grate segment.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, a second cooling medium is injected into a second heat exchange coil arranged in the inner cavity of the static fire grate segment, and the second cooling medium flows through the second heat exchange coil and is sprayed out from an outlet channel of the air chamber to blow and clean the top surface of the next-stage movable fire grate segment.
Illustratively, the working principle of the reciprocating grate provided by the invention is as follows:
(1) the garbage fuel on the surface of the movable fire grate segment, because the top surface of the movable fire grate segment is an inclined plane, a part of the garbage fuel slides to the top surface of the static fire grate segment butted with the downstream along the inclined plane under the action of self gravity, and the movable cross beam drives the movable fire grate segment to do reciprocating motion in the horizontal direction on the top surface of the static fire grate segment under the driving of a corresponding servo motor, so that the garbage fuel falling into the top surface of the static fire grate segment is pushed to the top surface of the movable fire grate segment butted with the downstream;
(2) in the process of reciprocating motion of the movable grate segment, the pad feet fixed on the bottom surface of the movable grate segment are in direct contact with the top surface of the static grate segment and scrape deposited dust attached to the top surface of the static grate segment. Along with the continuous progress of the burning of the garbage in the incinerator, the temperatures of the surfaces of the movable grate segment and the static grate segment rise along with the continuous progress of the burning, the first heat storage material arranged inside the movable grate segment can quickly absorb the heat transferred from the surface of the movable grate segment, meanwhile, a first cooling medium is introduced into the first heat exchange coil, the first cooling medium flows out after absorbing the part of heat through the first heat exchange coil, the heat absorbed by the first heat storage material is transferred out, the temperature of the first heat storage material is reduced, and the burning loss caused by the overhigh temperature of the movable grate segment is prevented;
(3) the second heat storage material arranged in the static fire grate segment can quickly absorb heat transferred from the surface of the static fire grate segment, meanwhile, a second cooling medium is introduced into the second heat exchange coil, the second cooling medium absorbs the heat through the second heat exchange coil and then enters the air chamber, the second cooling medium is sprayed out at a high speed through a plurality of outlet channels of the air chamber to wash the top surface of the movable fire grate segment, the temperature of the heat absorbed by the second heat storage material is reduced after the heat is taken away by the second cooling medium, and the static fire grate segment is prevented from being burnt and damaged due to overhigh temperature;
(4) and (3) repeating the steps (1) to (3) by using the movable grate segment and the static grate segment contained in the next-stage movable and static grate segment group.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the heat storage material is filled in the cavities inside the movable fire grate segment and the static fire grate segment, and the heat exchange coil is arranged, so that heat absorbed by the surfaces of the fire grate segments is quickly transferred into the heat storage material, and then the heat storage material is cooled, thereby preventing the fire grate from being burnt due to overhigh temperature. The structure not only can effectively reduce the steel consumption of the fire grate, reduce the cost, but also is more beneficial to reducing the thermal stress fatigue loss of the fire grate, prolongs the service life, effectively reduces the surface temperature of the fire grate segment, and solves the technical problem of overhigh burning loss speed of the fire grate segment caused by poor cooling effect in a high-temperature environment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a reciprocating grate in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-the first moving and static fire grate group; 2-moving grate segments; 3-a first heat exchange coil; 4-a first heat storage material; 5-a movable cross beam; 6-foot pad; 7-static fire grate segment; 8-a second heat storage material; 9-a second heat exchange coil; 10-air chamber; 11-a second moving and static fire grate group.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be taken as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention necessarily includes necessary pipelines, conventional valves and general pump devices for realizing the complete process, but the above contents do not belong to the main inventive points of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can select types based on the process flow and the device structure, and further can add layout by themselves, and the present invention does not make special requirements and specific limitations for this.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
In a specific embodiment, the invention provides a heat storage type buffer cooling reciprocating grate, which comprises at least two stages of moving and static grate plate groups downward step by step along a material flow direction as shown in fig. 1, exemplarily comprises a first moving and static grate plate group 1 and a second moving and static grate plate group 11 as shown in fig. 1, the first moving and static grate plate group 1 and the second moving and static grate plate group 11 have the same structure, and the first moving and static grate plate group 1 is taken as an example as follows:
the first moving and static fire grate group 1 comprises moving fire grate sheets 2 and static fire grate sheets 7 which are downward step by step along the material flow direction.
The movable fire grate segment 2 is in transmission connection with a driving assembly, and the driving assembly is used for driving the movable fire grate segment 2 to reciprocate along the horizontal direction. The driving assembly comprises a movable cross beam 5 and a servo motor, the movable cross beam 5 is fixed at the bottom of one end, far away from the static fire grate segment 7, of the movable fire grate segment 2, the servo motor is in transmission connection with the movable cross beam 5 and is used for driving the movable cross beam 5 to reciprocate in the horizontal direction, and the movable fire grate segment 2 pushes materials on the top surface of the static fire grate segment 7 down to the second movable fire grate segment group 11 in the reciprocating motion process.
The top surface of the movable grate segment 2 is an inclined surface, and the included angle between the inclined surface of the top surface and the horizontal plane is 20-22 degrees.
The movable fire grate segment 2 is hollow inside, a first heat exchange coil 3 is arranged in a cavity of the movable fire grate segment 2, a first heat storage material 4 is filled in the cavity, the heat of the material on the top surface of the movable fire grate segment 2 is transferred to the first heat storage material 4 to be stored, a first cooling medium is injected into the first heat exchange coil 3, the first cooling medium comprises water or heat conduction oil, and the first heat storage material 4 comprises composite molten salts or alloys. The first cooling medium exchanges heat with the first heat storage material 4, and the heat of the first heat storage material 4 is transferred and reused. The inlet end and the outlet end of the first heat exchange coil 3 are positioned at the same end of the movable fire grate segment 2.
The static fire grate sheets 7 are hollow, a second heat exchange coil 9 is arranged in a cavity of the static fire grate sheets 7, a second heat storage material 8 is filled in the cavity, the material heat on the top surfaces of the static fire grate sheets 7 is transferred to the second heat storage material 8 to be stored, a second cooling medium is injected into the second heat exchange coil 9 and comprises compressed air or compressed oxygen, and the second heat storage material 8 comprises composite molten salts or alloys. The second cooling medium exchanges heat with the second heat storage material 8, and the heat of the second heat storage material 8 is transferred and reused. The inlet end and the outlet end of the second heat exchange coil 9 are respectively positioned at two ends of the static fire grate segment 7.
An air chamber 10 is arranged in a cavity of the static fire grate segment 7, the outlet end of the second heat exchange coil 9 is connected to one end of the air chamber 10, and the air chamber 10 is arranged at one end, far away from the movable fire grate segment 2, of the static fire grate segment 7. At least two outlet channels are formed at the other end of the air chamber 10, the outlet channels are over against the movable fire grate segment 2 of the second movable fire grate segment group 11, and a second heat exchange medium flowing through the second heat exchange coil 9 is sprayed out from the outlet channel of the air chamber 10 to blow and clean the top surface of the movable fire grate segment 2 at the next stage.
A gap is reserved between the movable grate segment 2 and the static grate segment 7, a foot pad 6 is arranged in the gap, the foot pad 6 is positioned at the bottom surface of one end of the movable grate segment 2 close to the static grate segment 7, and the bottom surface of the foot pad 6 is in direct contact with the top surface of the static grate segment 7.
The structure of the second moving and static fire grate group 11 is completely the same as that of the first moving and static fire grate group 1, and is not described herein again.
In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method for using a thermal storage type buffering cooling reciprocating grate, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the garbage fuel on the surface of the movable fire grate segment 2 slides to the top surface of the static fire grate segment 7 butted with the downstream along the inclined plane because the top surface of the movable fire grate segment 2 is the inclined plane, and the movable cross beam 5 drives the movable fire grate segment 2 to do reciprocating motion in the horizontal direction on the top surface of the static fire grate segment 7 under the driving of a corresponding servo motor, so that the garbage fuel falling onto the top surface of the static fire grate segment 7 is pushed to the top surface of the movable fire grate segment 2 butted with the downstream;
(2) in the process of reciprocating motion of the movable grate segment 2, the foot pads 6 fixed on the bottom surface of the movable grate segment 2 are in direct contact with the top surface of the static grate segment 7, and scrape deposited dust attached to the top surface of the static grate segment 7. Along with the continuous progress of the combustion of the garbage in the incinerator, the temperatures of the surfaces of the movable grate segment 2 and the static grate segment 7 can be increased along with the continuous progress of the combustion, the first heat storage material 4 arranged in the movable grate segment 2 can quickly absorb the heat transferred from the surface of the movable grate segment 2, meanwhile, a first cooling medium is introduced into the first heat exchange coil 3, the first cooling medium flows out after absorbing the part of heat through the first heat exchange coil 3, the heat absorbed by the first heat storage material 4 is transferred out, the temperature of the first heat storage material 4 is reduced, and the burning loss caused by the overhigh temperature of the movable grate segment 2 is prevented;
(3) the second heat storage material 8 arranged inside the static fire grate segment 7 can quickly absorb heat transferred from the surface of the static fire grate segment 7, meanwhile, a second cooling medium is introduced into the second heat exchange coil 9, the second cooling medium absorbs the heat through the second heat exchange coil 9 and then enters the air chamber 10, the second cooling medium is ejected out of a plurality of outlet channels of the air chamber 10 at a high speed to flush the top surface of the movable fire grate segment 2, the temperature of the heat absorbed by the second heat storage material 8 is reduced after the heat is taken away by the second cooling medium, and the static fire grate segment 7 is prevented from being burnt and damaged due to overhigh temperature;
(4) and (3) repeating the steps (1) - (3) by the movable grate segment 2 and the static grate segment 7 contained in the second movable and static grate segment 11.
Example 1
This embodiment provides a heat-retaining formula buffering cooling reciprocating grate as shown in fig. 1, reciprocating grate include and be cascaded decurrent first sound fire grate group 1 step by step and second sound fire grate group 11 along the material flow direction, this embodiment only makes the detailed description to the specific structure of first sound fire grate group 1, the specific structure of second sound fire grate group 11 is identical with first sound fire grate group 1 completely, no longer describes herein.
The first moving and static fire grate group 1 comprises moving fire grate sheets 2 and static fire grate sheets 7 which are downward step by step along the material flow direction. The movable fire grate segment 2 is in transmission connection with a driving assembly, and the driving assembly is used for driving the movable fire grate segment 2 to reciprocate along the horizontal direction. The driving assembly comprises a movable cross beam 5 and a servo motor, the movable cross beam 5 is fixed at the bottom of one end, far away from the static fire grate segment 7, of the movable fire grate segment 2, the servo motor is in transmission connection with the movable cross beam 5 and is used for driving the movable cross beam 5 to reciprocate in the horizontal direction, and the movable fire grate segment 2 pushes materials on the top surface of the static fire grate segment 7 down to the second movable fire grate segment group 11 in the reciprocating motion process.
The top surface of the movable fire grate segment 2 is an inclined surface, and the included angle between the inclined surface of the top surface and the horizontal plane is 20 degrees.
Move the inside cavity of grate segment 2, be provided with first heat exchange coil 3 in the cavity of moving grate segment 2, pack first heat-retaining material 4 in the cavity, the material heat transfer who moves 2 top surfaces of grate segment stores to first heat-retaining material 4, pours into first coolant in the first heat exchange coil 3, and first coolant is the conduction oil, and first heat-retaining material 4 is compound fused salt. The first cooling medium exchanges heat with the first heat storage material 4, and the heat of the first heat storage material 4 is transferred and reused. The inlet end and the outlet end of the first heat exchange coil 3 are positioned at the same end of the movable fire grate segment 2.
The static fire grate sheets 7 are hollow inside, a second heat exchange coil 9 is arranged in a cavity of the static fire grate sheets 7, a second heat storage material 8 is filled in the cavity, the material heat on the top surfaces of the static fire grate sheets 7 is transferred to the second heat storage material 8 to be stored, a second cooling medium is injected into the second heat exchange coil 9, the second cooling medium is compressed air, and the second heat storage material 8 is an alloy. The second cooling medium exchanges heat with the second heat storage material 8, and the heat of the second heat storage material 8 is transferred and reused. The inlet end and the outlet end of the second heat exchange coil 9 are respectively positioned at two ends of the static fire grate segment 7.
An air chamber 10 is arranged in a cavity of the static fire grate segment 7, the outlet end of the second heat exchange coil 9 is connected to one end of the air chamber 10, and the air chamber 10 is arranged at one end, far away from the movable fire grate segment 2, of the static fire grate segment 7. At least two outlet channels are formed at the other end of the air chamber 10, the outlet channels are over against the movable fire grate segment 2 of the second movable fire grate segment group 11, and a second heat exchange medium flowing through the second heat exchange coil 9 is sprayed out from the outlet channel of the air chamber 10 to blow and clean the top surface of the movable fire grate segment 2 at the next stage.
A gap is reserved between the movable grate segment 2 and the static grate segment 7, a foot pad 6 is arranged in the gap, the foot pad 6 is positioned at the bottom surface of one end of the movable grate segment 2 close to the static grate segment 7, and the bottom surface of the foot pad 6 is in direct contact with the top surface of the static grate segment 7.
Example 2
A method for using a reciprocating grate provided by embodiment 1, taking a process route of a first moving and static grate group 1 as an example, and a process route of a second moving and static grate group 11 is understood to be the same as that of the first moving and static grate group 1, the method specifically comprises the following steps,
(1) the garbage fuel in combustion at the temperature of 400 ℃ slides from the movable fire grate segment 2 along the inclined plane to the top surface of the static fire grate segment 7 butted with the movable fire grate segment at the downstream, the movable cross beam 5 drives the movable fire grate segment 2 to do reciprocating motion in the horizontal direction on the top surface of the static fire grate segment 7 under the drive of the corresponding servo motor, and the garbage fuel falling into the top surface of the static fire grate segment 7 is pushed to the top surface of the movable fire grate segment 2 butted with the movable fire grate segment at the downstream;
(2) in the process of reciprocating motion of the movable grate segment 2, the foot pads 6 fixed on the bottom surface of the movable grate segment 2 are in direct contact with the top surface of the static grate segment 7, and scrape deposited dust attached to the top surface of the static grate segment 7. Along with the continuous progress of the combustion of the garbage in the incinerator, the temperatures of the surfaces of the movable grate segment 2 and the static grate segment 7 are increased along with the continuous progress of the combustion, the first heat storage material 4 arranged inside the movable grate segment 2 can rapidly absorb the heat transferred from the surface of the movable grate segment 2, meanwhile, heat conduction oil with the temperature of 35 ℃ is introduced into the first heat exchange coil 3, the heat conduction oil absorbs the heat of the first heat storage material 4 through the first heat exchange coil 3 and then is heated to 85 ℃, and the temperature of the heat absorbed by the first heat storage material 4 is reduced to 90 ℃ after the heat conduction oil is taken away;
(3) the second heat storage material 8 arranged inside the static fire grate segment 7 quickly absorbs heat transferred from the surface of the static fire grate segment 7, meanwhile, compressed air at 25 ℃ is introduced into the second heat exchange coil 9, the compressed air absorbs the heat of the second heat storage material 8 through the second heat exchange coil 9, the heat is heated to 90 ℃ and then enters the air chamber 10, the heat is ejected at high speed through a plurality of outlet channels of the air chamber 10 to wash the top surface of the movable fire grate segment 2 of the second movable fire grate segment 11, and the temperature of the heat absorbed by the second heat storage material 8 is reduced to 95 ℃ after the heat is taken away by the compressed air;
(4) and (3) repeating the steps (1) - (3) by the movable grate segment 2 and the static grate segment 7 contained in the second movable and static grate segment 11.
The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A heat storage type buffer cooling reciprocating grate is characterized in that the heat storage type buffer cooling reciprocating grate comprises at least two stages of moving and static grate plate groups which are downward step by step along the material flow direction;
the movable and static fire grate group comprises a movable fire grate sheet and a static fire grate sheet which are downward step by step along the material flow direction, the movable fire grate sheet is in transmission connection with a driving assembly, and the driving assembly is used for driving the movable fire grate sheet to reciprocate along the horizontal direction; the movable fire grate segment is hollow, a first heat exchange coil is arranged in a cavity of the movable fire grate segment, a first heat storage material is filled in the cavity, the heat of materials on the top surface of the movable fire grate segment is transferred to the first heat storage material for storage, a first cooling medium is injected into the first heat exchange coil, the first cooling medium exchanges heat with the first heat storage material, and the heat of the first heat storage material is transferred and reused;
the interior of the static fire grate segment is hollow, a second heat exchange coil is arranged in a cavity of the static fire grate segment, a second heat storage material is filled in the cavity, the material heat on the top surface of the static fire grate segment is transferred to the second heat storage material for storage, a second cooling medium is injected into the second heat exchange coil, the second cooling medium exchanges heat with the second heat storage material, and the heat of the second heat storage material is transferred and reused.
2. The heat-storage type buffering and cooling reciprocating grate of claim 1, wherein the inlet end and the outlet end of the first heat exchange coil are positioned at the same end of the movable grate segment;
preferably, the first cooling medium comprises water or heat conducting oil;
preferably, the first heat storage material comprises a composite molten salt or alloy.
3. The heat storage type buffering and cooling reciprocating grate of claim 1 or 2, wherein the inlet end and the outlet end of the second heat exchange coil are respectively positioned at two ends of the static grate segment;
preferably, the second cooling medium comprises compressed air or compressed oxygen;
preferably, the second heat storage material comprises a composite molten salt or alloy.
4. The heat-storage type buffering and cooling reciprocating grate of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an air chamber is arranged in a cavity of the static grate segment, the outlet end of the second heat exchange coil is connected to one end of the air chamber, the other end of the air chamber is provided with at least two outlet channels, the outlet channels are over against the movable grate segment of the next stage of the static and dynamic grate segment, and a second heat exchange medium flowing through the second heat exchange coil is sprayed out from the outlet channels of the air chamber and then blows and cleans the top surface of the next stage of the movable grate segment;
preferably, the air chamber is arranged at one end of the static fire grate segment, which is far away from the movable fire grate segment.
5. The heat-storage type buffer cooling reciprocating grate of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the driving assembly comprises a movable cross beam and a servo motor, the movable cross beam is fixed at the bottom of the movable grate segment, the servo motor is in transmission connection with the movable cross beam and is used for driving the movable cross beam to reciprocate along the horizontal direction, and the movable grate segment pushes materials on the top surface of the static grate segment down to the next movable and static grate segment group in the reciprocating motion process;
preferably, the movable cross beam is fixed at one end of the movable fire grate segment, which is far away from the static fire grate segment.
6. The heat storage type buffering and cooling reciprocating grate of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the top surface of the movable grate segment is an inclined surface;
preferably, the included angle between the inclined plane of the top surface of the movable fire grate segment and the horizontal plane is 20-22 degrees.
7. The heat-storage type buffering and cooling reciprocating grate of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a gap is reserved between the movable grate segment and the static grate segment, a foot pad is arranged in the gap and is positioned at the bottom surface of one end of the movable grate segment close to the static grate segment, and the bottom surface of the foot pad is in direct contact with the top surface of the static grate segment.
8. A method of using the thermal storage buffer cooling reciprocating grate of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the method of using comprises:
the method comprises the following steps that (I) materials on the top surfaces of movable grate segments slide down to the top surfaces of static grate segments along an inclined plane, in the sliding process, heat of the materials is absorbed and stored by a first heat storage material, a first cooling medium flowing in a first heat exchange coil is in contact with the first heat storage material for heat exchange, and the heat stored in the first heat storage material is transferred to the first cooling medium;
(II) the heat of the material falling into the top surface of the static fire grate segment is absorbed and stored by a second heat storage material, a second cooling medium flowing in a second heat exchange coil is in contact with the second heat storage material for heat exchange, and the heat stored in the second heat storage material is transferred to the second cooling medium; the movable grate segment reciprocates in the horizontal direction under the transmission of the driving component, and pushes the materials on the top surface of the static grate segment to a next-stage movable and static grate segment group in the reciprocating motion process;
and (III) repeating the step (I) and the step (II) on the material pushed down to the next stage moving and static grate group.
9. The use method of claim 8, wherein during the reciprocating motion of the movable fire grate segment, the foot pads on the bottom surface of the movable fire grate segment scrape the top surface of the static fire grate segment to remove the deposited dust on the top surface of the static fire grate segment.
10. The use method of claim 8 or 9, wherein a second cooling medium is injected into a second heat exchange coil arranged in the inner cavity of the static fire grate segment, and the second cooling medium flows through the second heat exchange coil and then is sprayed out from the outlet channel of the air chamber to blow and clean the top surface of the next movable fire grate segment.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011302886.7A CN112393262A (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2020-11-19 | Heat storage type buffer cooling reciprocating grate and using method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011302886.7A CN112393262A (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2020-11-19 | Heat storage type buffer cooling reciprocating grate and using method thereof |
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| CN202011302886.7A Pending CN112393262A (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2020-11-19 | Heat storage type buffer cooling reciprocating grate and using method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114321949A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-12 | 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 | High-calorific-value water-cooled grate furnace for domestic garbage incineration |
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