CN112392259B - Synchronous grading unloading method for steel truss with jacking oil cylinder replaced by double supporting points - Google Patents
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Abstract
A synchronous grading unloading method for a steel truss with a jacking oil cylinder replaced by a double fulcrum comprises the following steps: s1, installing a support system; s2, installing a jacking oil cylinder; s3, returning to the top until the counter force is calculated; s4, converting support; s5, synchronous hierarchical unloading; and S6, detaching the jacking oil cylinder and the supporting system. The invention provides a more stable, more accurate and safer unloading method, which is particularly suitable for the unloading work of the ultra-large span integral stressed truss with high bearing capacity, has good popularization and practical value, and can generate good economic benefit after being widely popularized and applied.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel structure unloading, in particular to a synchronous grading unloading method for a steel truss with a jacking oil cylinder replaced by a double fulcrum.
Background
In recent years, the buildings such as exhibition halls in China are rapidly developed, and the number of indoor exhibition halls with 10 ten thousand square meters in China reaches more than 30. In the exhibition venue, in order to obtain an indoor oversized space, a bidirectional orthogonal transformation steel truss system is mostly adopted, and an integral lifting method, a block lifting method or an overhead in-situ installation method is usually adopted in the construction method. The conversion steel truss is heavy in self weight, an upper structure is lifted upwards, a column-free space is provided downwards, the stress is complex, the construction is free from loss, in the unloading process of the bidirectional orthogonal conversion steel truss constructed by adopting the high-altitude in-situ installation method, all supporting points are required to descend slowly, uniformly and accurately, and the transition from multi-point support to autonomous standing is carried out slowly. Therefore, a synchronous unloading method is urgently needed when the bidirectional orthogonal conversion steel truss is unloaded.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a synchronous grading unloading method for a steel truss with a jacking oil cylinder replaced by a double fulcrum, and aims to solve the technical problems that in the unloading process of a bidirectional orthogonal transformation steel truss, due to uneven and uneven unloading, stress of a truss rod piece and a node of a support system suddenly changes, even the support system collapses, and the rod piece or the node is damaged.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a synchronous grading unloading method for a steel truss with a jacking oil cylinder replaced by a double fulcrum is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, mounting a support system: the method comprises the following steps that a geotechnical support, a conversion steel plate, a transition steel beam and a jacking oil cylinder are sequentially installed from bottom to top, and support steel pipes are symmetrically installed on the transition steel beam and two sides of the jacking oil cylinder;
s2, installing a jacking oil cylinder: the two-way orthogonal steel truss is installed and welded by taking the supporting steel pipes on the two sides as double pivots, and after the welding is finished, the jacking oil cylinder and the force transmission steel plate on the top surface of the jacking oil cylinder are installed;
s3, back to calculate the reaction force: the jacking oil cylinders are connected with a hydraulic pump station through pump pipes, the hydraulic pump station is sequentially connected with the sensors and a computer control cabinet in a control mode through data lines, the computer control cabinet controls the plurality of jacking oil cylinders to jack back step by step, supporting points loaded to the bottom of the two-way orthogonal steel truss are used for calculating counter force, the counter force is pressurized step by step according to 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 and 1.0 times of the counter force of the supporting points, the operation time of one-stage pressure per liter is not shorter than 10min, and the pressure is maintained for 5min at each-stage pressure;
s4, converting and supporting: after the jacking cylinder finishes the back jacking and loading, removing the double pivots, and converting the bidirectional orthogonal steel truss from the double pivots into a structure supported by the jacking cylinder;
s5, synchronous hierarchical unloading: the jacking oil cylinder is unloaded synchronously in 5 stages in equal proportion, 20% of the counter force of the supporting point is unloaded each time, the truss is kept stand for 2 hours after unloading of each stage and then unloaded at the next stage, and the steel truss structure is kept stand for 24 hours after unloading of the last stage, and settlement value observation, recording and data analysis are carried out;
s6, detaching the jacking oil cylinder and the supporting system: and (4) removing the jacking oil cylinder and the supporting system, and completing synchronous graded unloading of the bidirectional orthogonal transformation steel truss.
Further preferably, the diameter of the support steel pipe is 377-400 mm, the wall thickness is 14-16 mm, and the clear distance between the two support steel pipes is 600-700 mm.
Furthermore, the diameter of the geotechnical support ranges from 609 mm to 620mm, the wall thickness of the geotechnical support ranges from 16mm to 18 mm, and the upper bolt and the lower bolt are connected with flange steel plates with the thickness of 20 mm.
Furthermore, the thickness of the force transmission steel plate is 40-45 mm, and the thickness of the conversion steel plate is 20-25 mm.
In addition, the transition steel beam is HW400 x 400 section steel, the lower part of the transition steel beam is connected to the flange steel plate at the upper part of the transition steel beam, and the top surface of the transition steel beam is used for supporting double pivots.
More preferably, the rated load of the jacking oil cylinder ranges from 200 t to 400t, and the stroke ranges from 60 mm to 200 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:
the double-pivot adopts steel rigid support, so that shrinkage creep caused by long time and gradual loading can be avoided in a long construction period of truss construction, and the accuracy of a pre-arching value in the installation process of a truss structure is ensured; after the unloading precondition is finished, the jacking oil cylinders are replaced at the positions of two branch points, a synchronous unloading system is installed, unloading work can be finished in a short period (within 5 days from the beginning of replacing the jacking oil cylinders), all equipment in the unloading system cannot be occupied for a long time, the unloading system is fast and efficient, a computer control cabinet is adopted for remote control, synchronous graded unloading is realized, the computer control cabinet can be operated by 1 professional, no person can enter the lower part of a steel truss, personnel enter for inspection after the jacking oil cylinders are locked, the safety of the personnel in the unloading process is ensured, the computer control cabinet controls a plurality of hydraulic oil pumps through sensors, further controls a plurality of jacking oil cylinders to carry out synchronous graded unloading, independent jacking oil cylinders can be independently controlled to finish the actions of extending and retracting the cylinders, the unloading process can perfectly fit with construction simulation calculation, the unloading process is stable and the unloading process is uniform in sedimentation, the jacking oil cylinders are used for synchronously and gradually unloading, the unloading work efficiency is improved, all the unloading work can be completed within 2 days, meanwhile, enough time is provided for the structure to transmit and distribute internal force, and the unloading process is safe.
The invention provides a more stable, more accurate and safer unloading method, which is particularly suitable for the unloading work of the ultra-large span integral stressed truss with high bearing capacity, has good popularization and practical value, and can generate good economic benefit after being widely popularized and applied.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first exemplary unloading diagram according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second example of unloading according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a third exemplary unloading diagram according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a fourth example of unloading according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an example of unloading according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a sixth example of unloading according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a seventh exemplary unloading scenario in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of the connection of the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention to a computer control cabinet.
Reference numerals: 1-a bidirectional orthogonal steel truss; 3-jacking an oil cylinder; 4-a transition steel beam; 5-converting the steel plate; 6-geotechnical support; 7-supporting the steel pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, innovative features, objectives and functions realized by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further described below.
The examples described herein are specific embodiments of the present invention, are intended to be illustrative and exemplary in nature, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. In addition to the embodiments described herein, those skilled in the art will be able to employ other technical solutions which are obvious based on the disclosure of the claims and the specification of the present application, and these technical solutions include technical solutions which make any obvious replacement or modification for the embodiments described herein.
A synchronous grading unloading method for a steel truss with a jacking oil cylinder replaced by a double fulcrum is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, mounting a support system: the geotechnical support 6, the conversion steel plate 5, the transition steel beam 4 and the jacking oil cylinder 3 are sequentially installed from bottom to top, the support steel pipes 7 are symmetrically installed on the transition steel beam 4 and two sides of the jacking oil cylinder 3, and the number of the support systems is set according to needs;
s2, installing the jacking oil cylinder 3: as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the two-way orthogonal steel truss 1 is installed and welded by taking the supporting steel pipes 7 at two sides as double pivots, after the welding is finished, the jacking oil cylinders 3 and the force transmission steel plates on the top surfaces of the jacking oil cylinders are installed, and the number of the jacking oil cylinders 3 is set according to the requirement;
s3, back to calculate the reaction force: as shown in fig. 4 and 8, the jacking cylinders 3 are connected with a hydraulic pump station through pump pipes, the hydraulic pump station is connected with a sensor and a computer control cabinet in sequence through data lines, the computer control cabinet controls the plurality of jacking cylinders 3 to jack back step by step, the supporting points loaded to the bottom of the bidirectional orthogonal steel truss 1 calculate counter force, the counter force is pressurized step by step according to 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 and 1.0 times of the counter force of the supporting points, the operation time of one-stage pressure per liter is not shorter than 10min, and the pressure is maintained for 5min at each-stage pressure;
s4, converting and supporting: as shown in fig. 5, after the jacking cylinder 3 finishes the back jacking and loading, the double pivots are removed, and the bidirectional orthogonal steel truss 1 is converted from the double pivots into the two pivots supported by the jacking cylinder 3;
s5, synchronous hierarchical unloading: as shown in fig. 6, the jacking cylinder 3 is unloaded synchronously in 5 stages in equal proportion, 20% of the counter force of the supporting point is unloaded each time, the truss is stood for 2 hours after unloading of each stage and then unloaded at the next stage, and after unloading of the last stage is completed, the steel truss structure is stood for 24 hours for settlement value observation, recording and data analysis;
s6, detaching the jacking oil cylinder 3 and the supporting system: as shown in fig. 7, the jacking oil cylinder 3 and the supporting system are removed, and the synchronous graded unloading of the bidirectional orthogonal transformation steel truss is completed.
The diameter of the supporting steel pipe 7 is 377-400 mm, the wall thickness is 14-16 mm, the clear distance between two supporting steel pipes 7 is 600-700 mm, the two sides of the upper portion of each supporting steel pipe 7 are fixedly welded with reinforcing steel plates, the reinforcing steel plates and the top surfaces of the supporting steel pipes support the bidirectional orthogonal steel truss 1 together, the diameter of the geotechnical support 6 is 609-620 mm, the wall thickness is 16-18 steel pipes, the upper bolt and the lower bolt are connected with flange steel plates with the thickness of 20mm, the thickness of the force transmission steel plates is 40-45 mm, the thickness of the conversion steel plates is 20-25 mm, the transition steel beams 4 are HW400 x 400 section steel, the lower portion of each transition steel beam is connected to the upper portion of each flange steel plate, the top surfaces of the flange steel plates are used for supporting double pivots, the rated load of the jacking oil cylinder 3 is 200-400 t, and the stroke is 60-200 mm.
In the in-situ installation process of the two-way orthogonal steel truss, the two-way orthogonal steel truss is supported by double supporting points, the double supporting points are symmetrically arranged to avoid the eccentric compression of the geotechnical support, after the two-way orthogonal steel truss is installed and welded, the double supporting points are replaced by jacking cylinders, and the jacking cylinders are positioned in the middle of the double supporting points and can be locked at any position in the loading or unloading process; the hydraulic control system is used for synchronous speed regulation and descending, the control precision is +/-2 mm, and the hydraulic control system is connected with the plurality of jacking oil cylinders, so that the plurality of jacking oil cylinders can synchronously perform cylinder extending and cylinder retracting actions and the like.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (2)
1. A synchronous grading unloading method for a steel truss with a jacking oil cylinder replaced by a double fulcrum is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, mounting a support system: the geotechnical support is characterized in that a geotechnical support (6), a conversion steel plate (5), a transition steel beam (4) and a jacking oil cylinder (3) are sequentially installed from bottom to top, support steel pipes (7) are symmetrically installed on two sides of the jacking oil cylinder (3) and the transition steel beam (4), the diameter of each support steel pipe (7) is 377-400 mm, the wall thickness of each support steel pipe is 14-16 mm, the clear distance between every two support steel pipes (7) is 600-700 mm, the diameter of the geotechnical support (6) is 609-620 mm, the wall thickness of each support steel pipe is 16-18 mm, upper and lower bolts are connected with flange steel plates with the thickness of 20mm, the thickness of the conversion steel plate (5) is 20-25 mm, the transition steel beam (4) is HW400 x 400 section steel, the lower portion of the conversion steel plate is connected to the upper portion of the flange steel plate, and the top surface of the conversion steel plate is used for supporting the double pivots;
s2, installing the jacking oil cylinder (3): the method comprises the following steps of (1) installing and welding a bidirectional orthogonal steel truss (1) by taking supporting steel pipes (7) on two sides as double pivots, and installing a jacking oil cylinder (3) and a force transmission steel plate on the top surface of the jacking oil cylinder after welding is finished, wherein the thickness of the force transmission steel plate is 40-45 mm;
s3, back to calculate the reaction force: the jacking oil cylinders (3) are connected with a hydraulic pump station through pump pipes, the hydraulic pump station is sequentially connected with a sensor and a computer control cabinet through data lines in a control mode, the computer control cabinet controls the plurality of jacking oil cylinders (3) to jack back step by step, the jacking oil cylinders are loaded to the bottom supporting points of the bidirectional orthogonal steel truss (1) to calculate counter force, the counter force is pressurized step by step according to 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 and 1.0 times of the counter force of the supporting points, the operation time of one-stage pressure per liter is not shorter than 10min, and the pressure is kept for 5min at each-stage pressure;
s4, converting and supporting: after the jacking oil cylinder (3) finishes the back jacking loading, the double pivots are removed, and the bidirectional orthogonal steel truss (1) is converted from the double pivots into a structure supported by the jacking oil cylinder (3);
s5, synchronous hierarchical unloading: the jacking oil cylinder (3) is synchronously unloaded in 5 stages in equal proportion, 20% of the counter force of a supporting point is unloaded each time, the truss is kept stand for 2 hours after unloading of each stage and then unloaded at the next stage, and the steel truss structure is kept stand for 24 hours after unloading of the last stage, and settlement value observation, recording and data analysis are carried out;
s6, detaching the jacking oil cylinder (3) and the supporting system: and (4) removing the jacking oil cylinder (3) and the supporting system, and completing synchronous graded unloading of the bidirectional orthogonal conversion steel truss.
2. The method for synchronously and hierarchically unloading the steel truss with the double-fulcrum replaced jacking cylinder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rated load of the jacking cylinder (3) is 200-400 t, and the stroke is 60-200 mm.
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