CN100577969C - Method for structural unloading in construction - Google Patents
Method for structural unloading in construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN100577969C CN100577969C CN200710049330A CN200710049330A CN100577969C CN 100577969 C CN100577969 C CN 100577969C CN 200710049330 A CN200710049330 A CN 200710049330A CN 200710049330 A CN200710049330 A CN 200710049330A CN 100577969 C CN100577969 C CN 100577969C
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- unloading
- suspension centre
- hoist cable
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Abstract
The invention discloses an unloading and loading method during construction. The invention applies an upward pulling force to a structure which needs to be unloaded so as to eliminate the vertical pressure of the structure, and the loading and unloading processes can be controlled at any time by a monitoring device and a sling force applying system; in accordance with the construction control requirements and stress requirements of all engineering components, control can be conducted by the vertical load to be unloaded or loaded by steps during unloading, which solves deficiencies of uncontrollable unloading, not application to multi-storeyed building structure, large number of necessary supports, high influence on the next construction and failure to control loading, etc. The invention is not only applicable to concrete structures, but also applicable to construction of other types of structures, such as steel structure, wooden structure and other combined structure, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for structure unloading in a kind of building construction process.
Background technology
In the building in existing building or construction, need increase structural load or enlarge colum network size because the owner changes the building function of use; Or, structural-load-carrying capacity is reduced because natural cause causes damage of building; Or owing to when a variety of causes causes structural-load-carrying capacity not enough in the construction, often all need structural element is carried out consolidation process.In structural fortification, since reinforce institute at built the building structure of finishing to liking, therefore, structure must be in stress before reinforcing, because the initial load that structure exists makes structural element produce initial stress or initial deformation, the degree whether height of the initial stress of this structural element or the degree of initial deformation are eliminated or eliminated how, will directly have influence on the consolidation effect of structure." concrete structure reinforcement design specifications " (GB50367-2006) in, emphasized in " during checking computations structural element bearing capacity; should consider the actual loading situation of original structure when reinforcing, comprise the characteristics of footing response lag, and footing and original structure co-operation degree ".Therefore, before reinforcing structure being unloaded is the important measures that guarantee structural safety.
In new construction, also often appearance need be carried out follow-up construction on completed structure, as when roofing adopts steel work, usually deadweight and working load in the time of need on completed flooring, setting up support system and come the support steel structure assembly unit, if the working load that the support system of setting up is transmitted exceeds the supporting capacity of flooring, just need the safety of removal fractional load with the construction stage of assurance structure.
System shored by the prior art full hall of general employing frame in work progress or the jack multiple spot is shored system.These two kinds of systems all are difficult to control to the process of member unloading and the degree of unloading; When in multistory building, needing the removal vertical load, because the transfer function successively of load, in order to reach safe unloading requirement, need successively to align up and down to set up support system, thereby make in the construction needed supported amount huge, occupy the work plane of construction in a large number, follow-up construction is brought huge difficulty of construction.Meanwhile, in the present Unloading Technology, can not realize the requirement that progressively loads after follow-up construction is finished.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of method that a pulling force is offset structure unloading the building construction process that needs the unloading structure vertical load that applies above the need unloading structure.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: the method for structure unloading in a kind of building construction process comprises the steps: a, determines braced structures and needs unloading structure that support structure height should be higher than needs unloading structure; B, calculating need the vertical load of unloading structure, calculating is positioned at suspension centre in the unloading reinforcing of braced structures, is positioned at the following suspension centre place member stress intensity that needs unloading structure, determine and suspension centre is installed down, is gone up suspension centre that following suspension centre is lower than goes up suspension centre and suspension centre is corresponding one by one with last suspension centre down according to result of calculation; C, select for use the hoist cable specification can bear the force request that calculates among the step b, connect down suspension centre, go up suspension centre by hoist cable, and hoist cable is connected with the hoist cable afterburner system, and be provided with the supervising device of monitoring the stressed size of hoist cable; D, by afterburner system to the hoist cable application of force, detect according to supervising device, fix when being complementary in that hoist cable is stressed with the vertical load that needs unloading structure, carry out follow-up work progress this moment; E, after follow-up construction is finished the substep cable loosing load and remove hoist cable, down suspension centre, on suspension centre.
It promptly is that original structure or member are oppositely applied a power along what vertical load was subjected to force direction that structural element is unloaded, this power can reduce in the structural element because the internal force that vertical load produced, structural element is reinforced under low-stress state, reached the state of footing and original structure part co-operation, compatible deformation.Adopt in the present invention and the traditional architecture method to apply from bottom to top the mode of support force different, be to offset the vertical pressure that needs unloading structure by applying a pulling force that makes progress from need unloading structure top, reach the purpose of unloading.The afterburner system of hoist cable power can be selected hydraulic amplifier system or other mechanism system according to the difference of cable body and the size of hoist cable power, augmentor before installing and using, intact degree that must conscientious testing fixture, the no-load running situation of device.To the hoist cable reinforcing time, must abide by slowly, evenly steady, the principle of symmetrical classification.When adopting many augmentor actings in conjunction, more to take concerted action, harmonious, classification is carried out synchronously.In case of necessity, the reply afterburner system carries out the pre-applied force test in than the small load scope.Because the hoist cable unloading and the process of reloading are system engineerings, its hardware components also is provided with supervising device except the hoist cable afterburner system, and supervising device is by monitoring equipment, and information transmission equipment is formed.In unloading or loading procedure, supervising device is in time surveyed read data, in time feed back, and the contrast of pass test data and calculated data, the variation of control and coordination hoist cable power is to reach the optimum state of expection.Used supervising device device type has a lot; can be adopted according to different conditions; to the monitoring of hoist cable power, adopt the load sensor monitoring usually, the monitoring of cable body strain-type; and the monitoring of vibration frequency formula etc.; the layout of monitoring equipment with install to consider the influence of surrounding environment to tester, generally do not arrange be installed in that the sun is exposed to the sun, drenches with rain, magnetic interference, place that vibration effect is big, also to consider that the instrument line move towards conveniently simultaneously; easily with protection, and be convenient to survey factor such as read.Structural element body for unloaded can adopt strain gauge, and dial gage, displacement meter or some other instrument come the distortion and the displacement of the internal force and the structural element of measurement structure member.
For guaranteeing construction safety, described suspension centre down, safety factor 〉=1.5 of going up suspension centre, the safety factor of hoist cable 〉=1.
For reducing to go up the axially loaded of suspension centre, following suspension centre member, the scope of the angle β of described hoist cable line of action of force and horizontal plane is: 45 °≤β≤90 °.But if because of factor affecting such as support structure height or installation landform, guaranteeing that drag-line and upper and lower suspension centre are subjected under the enough situations of force intensity, the β value can suitably reduce.
Described uninstall process is finished gradually by supervising device and hoist cable afterburner system substep.Be that uninstall process is to control at any time by supervising device and hoist cable afterburner system, according to construction control needs or each engineering component force request, in the unloading loading procedure, can substep be controlled by the vertical load of need unloading, the vertical load that unloads as need is 5 tons, can unload 1 ton until satisfying the construction needs by the control substep is each.
The described suspension centre last suspension centre corresponding with it down all can be provided with a plurality of, and following suspension centre is arranged on the member that needs the unloading structure support and/or the member that the need unloading structure is supported is applied with on the member of load.In multilayer or the need unloading structure is had in the building structure of other load applications, can be applied with the vertical load of the member of pressure to the need unloading structure by removal, play the purpose that removal needs the unloading structure vertical load equally.
After described follow-up construction was finished, according to the requirement of control the load of institute's removal being applied to again needed unloading structure, and loading procedure also can be finished gradually by supervising device and hoist cable afterburner system substep.
To sum up, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention adopts and to apply a pulling force that makes progress to the need unloading structure and offset the vertical load that needs unloading structure, the method for unloading new in a kind of building construction process is provided, and can be provided with or only be provided with a spot of ground supports member.
2, uninstall process can be controlled at any time by supervising device and hoist cable afterburner system, according to construction control needs or each engineering component force request, can substep be controlled by the vertical load of need unloading in uninstall process.
3, by the different upper and lower suspension centre of calculating and setting, can transform, reinforce in the building and unload multistory building, solved the deficiency that prior art is difficult to use in multi-layer construction structure.
4,, can utilize on existing supervising device and hoist cable afterburner system the structure the load of the former removal required unloading of substep loading again in unloading and after follow-up work finishes.
5, to needing substitute to support in the construction when reducing the flooring working load, the present invention is suitable equally; The present invention need not adopt braced structures in work progress, material therefor has tangible economic effect far fewer than existing uninstalling system.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the embodiment of the invention is transformed floor 11.3m layer plane arrangement diagram;
Fig. 3 is that the embodiment of the invention is transformed floor 16.1m layer plane arrangement diagram
Fig. 4 is an embodiment of the invention hoist cable arrangement schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is an enlarged diagram of going up suspension centre and braced structures annexation among Fig. 3;
Fig. 6 is the enlarged diagram that descends suspension centre and braced structures annexation embodiment 1 (the rope head is arranged in the beam below) among Fig. 3;
Fig. 7 is the enlarged diagram that descends suspension centre and braced structures annexation embodiment 2 (the rope head is arranged in the beam top) among Fig. 3;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment 3.
Mark and the last suspension centre of respective members title: 1-among the figure, suspension centre under the 2-, 3-hoist cable, 4-post to be pulled out, the last suspension centre of 5-supports girder steel, 6-steel diagonal brace, 7-supports concrete post, 8-bolt, 9-ground tackle, 10-channel-section steel compound beam, the former concrete column of 11-, the former concrete beam of 12-, the 13-switching device, 14-need unload post, steel bonding plate at the bottom of the 15-beam, the former design gate frame-supporting column of 16-, 17-increases doorframe pillar, 18-door lintel newly.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
To shown in Figure 7, be the application in floor is transformed of unloading of the present invention, loading method referring to Fig. 1.
Certain comprehensive office building, because the needs that the floor function of use changes need that treating below three layers of absolute altitude 11.3m pulled out post 4 and remove (as shown in Figure 2), the post 4 that pulls out that absolute altitude 16.1m is following is removed (as shown in Figure 3), remove two layer segment beams, plate, make floor hall part form no column space.Wait to pull out span that post 4 removes the back rest and increase to and be 15.4 meters to the maximum, original structure stress system has had bigger change, will carry out consolidation process to corresponding beam or other posts before dismounting waits to pull out post 4.The characteristics of present embodiment are the numbers of plies many (3 layers) of pulling out post, and the quantity of pulling out post many (four totally 11 sections) has increased great difficulty for the unloading construction, is beyond example in many aspects.
Present embodiment is selected this need transform office building other to be higher than the main building of this office building as braced structures, this office building is needs unloading structure, by calculating the vertical load of office building, be positioned at suspension centre in the unloading reinforcing of main building, be positioned at the following suspension centre place member stress intensity of office building, determine and suspension centre is installed down, is gone up suspension centre that following suspension centre is lower than goes up suspension centre and suspension centre is corresponding one by one with last suspension centre down according to result of calculation.Following suspension centre, the safety factor of last suspension centre 〉=1.5, select for use the hoist cable specification can bear the force request that calculates in the above-mentioned steps, hoist cable, the safety factor of suspender 〉=1, connect suspension centre down by hoist cable, last suspension centre, and hoist cable is connected (installation results as shown in Figure 4) with the hoist cable afterburner system, and be provided with the supervising device of the stressed size of monitoring hoist cable, the angle of hoist cable line of action of force and horizontal plane is 45 ° ± 5 °, after this by afterburner system to the hoist cable application of force, detect according to supervising device, at the hoist cable application of force fixing hoist cable during with the vertical load coupling that needs unloading structure, can carry out follow-up work progress this moment, promptly treat and pull out post and remove, wait to pull out post remove finish after, by floor is reinforced, when waiting to reinforce the back structure and can bear the Vertical Load of removal, again the load of former removal is applied to again on the structure after the reinforcing, loading procedure can be finished gradually by supervising device and hoist cable afterburner system substep, and dismountable subsequently hoist cable reaches suspension centre up and down.
The present embodiment uninstall process can be finished gradually by supervising device and hoist cable afterburner system substep, and second floor, the 3rd buildings, the 4th buildings respectively at office building are provided with down suspension centre, and be provided with suspension centre in the relevant position of determining as calculated on the main building, type according to structural element, the height of unloading level, the material situation of unloading hoist cable, the selection of upper and lower suspension centre pattern is also a lot, penetrate suspension centre, anchor ear type suspension centre, cluster suspension centre and other combined type suspension centre as back anchoring assembly type suspension centre, member perforate, can select flexibly according to the layout of unloading hoist cable.Present embodiment has adopted combined steel suspension centre (extremely shown in Figure 7 referring to Fig. 5), the channel-section steel compound beam is fixed in former concrete column of suspension centre or Liang Chu formation one reinforcing steelframe down, last suspension centre then will be gone up suspension centre support girder steel and by steel diagonal brace and bolt girder steel will be fixed on the support concrete post, then ground tackle is fixed in to reinforce on the steelframe and upper and lower suspension centre is connected by hoist cable, when suspension centre is installed, should guarantee that the suspension centre line of action of force is in the scope of design or scheme regulation.Simultaneously, to suspension centre various effectively anti-hoist cable slippages, the measure of distortion must be arranged.System's installation and through technology and safety inspection determine errorless after, can utilize facility to the hoist cable reinforcing, the unloading pulling force that makes hoist cable is delivered to by suspension centre down and needs the unloading structure member, thereby realizes the initial stress unloading to structural element.And to reinforcing reloading of back structure.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 7, this engineering also encounters problems when once suspension centre is provided with therein, this jack-post cross section is irregular and be polygon, and there is a cant beam to make hoist cable to pass through at the suspension centre place, therefore the position of the suspension centre end opening from beam is transformed on the plate face, when suspension centre is set with girder steel the column section correction, utilize switching device that upper and lower compound beam is connected again, successful solution this problem.Other each settings of present embodiment are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in Figure 8, the big motor house of certain company is taken out post and is transformed stabilization works, and it transforms the position is big motor house gate.The door opening width changes 10000mm into by former 8000mm; 1000mm is all widened on every limit, can't reduce absolute altitude at the bottom of the beam of door lintel 18, and, construction period former door opening can not stop production because of the workshop, need at any time to use.Because new improved door opening span is bigger, the Qi Liang middle and upper part is supported with a steel column, and for increasing the long-term safety in utilization of door opening, this programme increases prestressing force diagonal member opposite house beam especially and unloads reinforcing.Condition of construction: at about 1/3rd places of capital and door lintel span centre billet is set respectively and is connected.Tiltedly draw the fractional load that produces by the top steel column with on the removal door lintel respectively with the prestressing force diagonal member.The prestressing force diagonal member adopts Φ 32mm finish rolling deformed bar, carries out stretch-draw with jack, the oil meter stretching control force.After diagonal member construction is finished, treat at the bottom of the beam steel bonding plate 15 and newly-increased doorframe column build finish and reach 100% intensity after, beginning former design doorframe column of removable door and peripheral body of wall.The dismounting order should from top to bottom be carried out, and all are removed to design elevation.The installation of this project boom system with unload only one day time spent.Present embodiment supports uninstalling system or the construction of jack uninstalling system as adopting existing full hall steel pipe frame, owing to need build braced structures, construction is inevitable complicated and in work progress, former door opening can not normally use, cause the workshop normally not move and cause damage, and adopt job practices of the present invention effectively to address this problem.
Use the hoist cable uninstalling system during the structure of modification of project under construction project of the present invention is reinforced and carry out the unloading of structural element initial stress, it is convenient to have a construction, draws materials easily, and construction machinery and constructor are not had specific (special) requirements.The materials of particularly constructing are economized, and on-the-spot layout is simple and direct, seldom takies construction plane and space, and environmental protection is not had influence substantially.Compare with traditional ground structure lower support uninstalling system, hoist cable system material therefor expense is to reduce 40% to 60%, and comprehensive cost can reduce by more than 50.Have shortly during the transformation of building reinforces, use the hoist cable uninstalling system and carry out the unloading of structural element initial stress, generally can accomplish the life activity influence for a short time, activity in production does not stop.When the productive life of giving the owner offers convenience, also bring good social benefit to unit in charge of construction.Present embodiment and with the similar multilayer work progress of present embodiment in, when in multistory building, needing the removal vertical load, because the transfer function successively of load, system shored by full hall frame or the jack multiple spot is shored system in order to reach safe unloading requirement, need successively to align up and down to set up support system, thereby make in the construction needed supported amount huge, occupy the work plane of construction in a large number, follow-up construction is brought huge difficulty of construction; And can not realize the requirement that progressively loads after follow-up construction is finished.Construction party rule of the present invention can solve the problem that needs the removal vertical load in the multistory building fully, has all obtained great improvement from construction safety and difficulty of construction with respect to existing method.
Relatively further specify progressive effect of the present invention below in conjunction with discharging method of the present invention and the economic benefit that full hall steel pipe frame supports uninstalling system.
Table 1 hoist cable system compares with the economic benefit that full hall steel pipe frame supports uninstalling system
Compare by analysis, discharging method of the present invention is realized designing requirement easily, is better than the contrast scheme at technical elements, and material usage is far fewer than the contrast scheme, and operating expenses only is 49% of contrast scheme; And full hall steel pipe frame supports a uninstalling system and meets design requirement and have any problem, and at technical elements and contrast scheme bigger gap is arranged, and material usage is much larger than the contrast scheme, and operating expenses is 204% of a contrast scheme.Therefore, the present invention has great progress on the job practices and on the operating expenses.
Claims (6)
1, the method for structure unloading in a kind of building construction process is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A, determine braced structures and need unloading structure that support structure height should be higher than needs unloading structure;
B, calculating need the vertical load of unloading structure, calculating is positioned at suspension centre in the unloading reinforcing of braced structures, is positioned at the following suspension centre place member stress intensity that needs unloading structure, determine and suspension centre is installed down, is gone up suspension centre that following suspension centre is lower than goes up suspension centre and suspension centre is corresponding one by one with last suspension centre down according to result of calculation;
C, select for use the hoist cable specification can bear the force request that calculates among the step b, connect down suspension centre, go up suspension centre by hoist cable, and hoist cable is connected with the hoist cable afterburner system, and be provided with the supervising device of monitoring the stressed size of hoist cable;
D, by afterburner system to the hoist cable application of force, detect according to supervising device, stressedly at hoist cable fix during with the vertical load coupling that needs unloading structure, carry out follow-up work progress this moment;
E, after follow-up construction is finished the substep cable loosing load and remove hoist cable, down suspension centre, on suspension centre.
2, the method for structure unloading in the building construction process according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described suspension centre down, safety factor 〉=1.5 of going up suspension centre, the safety factor of hoist cable 〉=1.
3, the method for structure unloading in the building construction process according to claim 2 is characterized in that the scope of the angle β of described hoist cable line of action of force and horizontal plane is: 45 °≤β≤90 °.
According to the method for structure unloading in any described building construction process of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that 4, uninstall process is finished gradually by supervising device and hoist cable afterburner system substep.
5, the method for structure unloading in the building construction process according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the described suspension centre last suspension centre corresponding with it down all is provided with a plurality of, and following suspension centre is arranged on the member that needs the unloading structure support and/or the member that the need unloading structure is supported is applied with on the member of load.
6, the method for structure unloading in the building construction process according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, after described follow-up construction was finished, according to the requirement of control the load of institute's removal being applied to needed unloading structure, and loading procedure is finished gradually by supervising device and hoist cable afterburner system substep.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200710049330A CN100577969C (en) | 2007-06-19 | 2007-06-19 | Method for structural unloading in construction |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200710049330A CN100577969C (en) | 2007-06-19 | 2007-06-19 | Method for structural unloading in construction |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101122178A CN101122178A (en) | 2008-02-13 |
| CN100577969C true CN100577969C (en) | 2010-01-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200710049330A Expired - Fee Related CN100577969C (en) | 2007-06-19 | 2007-06-19 | Method for structural unloading in construction |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN100577969C (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101250945B (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2010-06-09 | 四川省建科工程技术公司 | Method for reinforcing floor belt-loading, load-off reinforcing or loading test in building field |
| CN103628680B (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2015-09-16 | 天津三建建筑工程有限公司 | Large steel space truss hanging layer construction method |
| CN103758359B (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2016-09-14 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of safe and reliable joist post construction system and construction method thereof |
| CN110259184B (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2021-04-27 | 浙江众安建设集团有限公司 | Column pulling construction method based on joist and column pulling combined supporting and jacking system |
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2007
- 2007-06-19 CN CN200710049330A patent/CN100577969C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN101122178A (en) | 2008-02-13 |
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Effective date of registration: 20101222 Address after: A section of Sichuan province Chengdu 610081 North Road, No. 55 Co-patentee after: Sichuan No.6 Construction Co., Ltd. Patentee after: Sichuan Province Jianke Engineering Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 610081 Sichuan construction engineering technology company, No. 55, North Third Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan Patentee before: Sichuan Province Jianke Engineering Technology Co., Ltd. |
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