CN112195649A - Preparation method and application of bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber Download PDFInfo
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/42—Coating with noble metals
- C23C18/44—Coating with noble metals using reducing agents
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/61—Polyamines polyimines
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of antibacterial and antiviral fiber materials, and discloses a preparation method of bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber, wherein the surface of the plant fiber is fibrillated by a mechanical pulping method to prepare the xanthium type plant fiber, so that the specific surface area and porosity of the plant fiber are increased, and the in-situ oxidation generation amount of polyaniline on the surface of the plant fiber is increased; and then glucose solution is used for assisting and strengthening polyaniline to reduce silver ammonia ions on the surface of the plant fiber in situ to generate nano silver, so that the xanthium type plant fiber with antibacterial and antiviral properties is obtained. The bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber prepared by the method has the bacteriostasis rate of more than 99.9 percent on escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and candida albicans, and the antiviral activity value (Mv) of more than 3.0 on influenza A H1N1 virus.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of preparation of antibacterial and antiviral fiber materials, and in particular relates to a preparation method and application of bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fibers.
Background
With the development of socioeconomic, the progress of medical treatment and the improvement of medical health conditions, people have more and more demands on medical protective articles and materials. Worldwide, the market sales of nonwoven materials for medical and health care exceed 70 billion dollars per year, and among them, the spun lace nonwoven fabric accounts for 35% of medical nonwoven materials, and the annual growth rate reaches 7%, and will continue to grow in the future. The conventional spunlace non-woven fabric products comprise medical operation clothes, medical bandaging materials, wound dressings, masks, bandages and the like. The spunlace nonwoven material can be developed to the fields of multifunctional medical supplies such as genetic engineering, bioengineering and the like in future, and has very wide market prospect.
Meanwhile, with the development of modern medical technology and concept, people have more and more requirements on the functions of medical protective articles and materials, such as antibiosis, antivirus, radiation protection, chemical and toxic substance prevention, absorbability, high wound treatment performance and the like. Among them, the antibacterial and antiviral properties of medical protective articles and materials have attracted high attention from medical institutions along with the spread of influenza virus, hepatitis virus and aids virus, particularly, the medical staff infection event caused by the outbreak of SARS (SARS) in 2003 and the frequent occurrence of avian influenza virus and Ebola virus in recent years. As China develops nationwide large-scale new coronavirus infection pneumonia epidemic situation in China, the demands of medical institutions and the public on antibacterial and antiviral medical protective materials are stimulated. The plant fiber used for the production of the spunlace non-woven fabric is from a common chemical wood pulp fiber product of pulping and papermaking enterprises at present, has the advantages of rich raw material source, stable supply, lower cost and the like, and particularly has stable quality when being imported into chemical wood pulp fibers abroad. However, the common chemical wood pulp fiber has no antibacterial and antiviral properties, cannot be used in treatment areas with high infection risks of germs and viruses, and has a greatly limited application range. The antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber for the medical spunlace non-woven fabric protective product is researched and developed, so that the urgent requirements of the current novel coronavirus infection pneumonia epidemic situation on the protective product are met, the development trend of the medical protective product is complied with, the yield and quality requirements of the medical protective product which are rapidly increased are met by improving the technical content and market competitiveness of the spunlace non-woven fabric product in China, and the development of the spunlace non-woven fabric industry, the paper making industry and the medical protective product industry in China is promoted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defect that the prior art is lack of antibacterial and antiviral spunlace non-woven fabric products, and firstly provides a preparation method of bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber comprises the following steps:
s1, defibering plant fibers: dissociating the plant fibers to enable the plant fibers to be uniformly dispersed into a single fiber state;
s2, pulping the plant fibers: pulping the plant fiber defibered by the S1 to obtain xanthium-shaped plant fiber;
s3, coating plant fibers with polyaniline: adding the xanthium-shaped plant fiber prepared by the S2 into an aniline solution, adding an ammonium persulfate solution to perform in-situ oxidative polymerization on an aniline monomer on the surface of the plant fiber, and washing and filtering to obtain the polyaniline-coated plant fiber;
and S4, adding a polyvinylpyrrolidone solution into the silver ammonia solution as a dispersing agent, mixing the dispersing agent with the polyaniline-coated plant fiber prepared in the S3, stirring the mixture at room temperature for a period of time, adding a glucose solution, continuously stirring the mixture, and washing the mixture to obtain the nano-silver-coated bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber.
The research conception of the invention is as follows: firstly, bleached chemical wood pulp is used as a raw material, xanthium type plant fibers are obtained through mechanical pulping treatment, then aniline monomers are used for carrying out in-situ oxidative polymerization on the surfaces of the plant fibers to prepare polyaniline-coated plant fibers, and then a glucose solution is used for assisting and strengthening a silver-ammonia solution to reduce nano silver in situ on the surfaces of the polyaniline-coated plant fibers, so that the xanthium type plant fibers coated with the nano silver and having antibacterial and antiviral properties are obtained.
Before the antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber is prepared, the plant fiber needs to be pretreated, such as the steps of defibering and pulping, and the xanthium-shaped plant fiber is prepared through pulping, so that the specific surface area and the porosity are increased, the loading capacity of the nano silver on the plant fiber is increased, and the antibacterial and antiviral performance of the plant fiber is improved.
In the preparation method, the beating degree of the plant fibers needs to be controlled, and preferably, the beating degree of the S2 plant fibers is 70-90 DEG SR. Experiments show that the beating degree is too low, the devillicating degree of the plant fiber is low, the specific surface area and the porosity are not obviously increased, the loading capacity of the nano-silver on the plant fiber is less, and the antibacterial and antiviral performance is not greatly improved; the beating degree is too high, the brooming and crushing degree of the plant fiber is higher, a large amount of nano silver is generated in the cell cavity of the plant fiber, but the antibacterial and antiviral performance of the plant fiber is not large, the silver waste is caused, and the production cost is increased.
In the invention, the glucose solution is added in the process of reducing the nano silver, the glucose solution not only assists in enhancing the reducibility of the polyaniline, but also increases the concentration of reactants, and improves the reaction rate and the reaction quantity of reducing silver ions into nano silver simple substances, thereby increasing the load capacity of the nano silver on the plant fiber and improving the antibacterial and antiviral performances of the plant fiber.
The silver ammonia solution is used for replacing a silver nitrate solution, so that the reaction rate of reducing silver ions into nano silver simple substances is more uniform and balanced, the nano silver is more uniformly distributed on the plant fiber, the utilization rate of the silver is improved, the using amount of the silver is saved, and the plant fiber has stronger antibacterial and antiviral performances because the nano silver is uniformly distributed on the plant fiber.
Preferably, the operation of defibering the plant fiber in S1 is as follows: weighing a certain mass of plant fibers, adding a proper amount of deionized water to enable the concentration of the plant fibers to be 2% -3%, soaking for 4-6 h at the temperature of 20-30 ℃, adjusting the concentration of the plant fibers to be 1% -2% by using a proper amount of deionized water, dissociating by using a standard fiber dissociator at the temperature of 20-30 ℃, wherein the revolution of a propeller is 10000-30000 revolutions, and enabling the plant fibers to be uniformly dispersed into a single fiber state.
Preferably, the beating operation of the plant fibers of S2 is as follows: and (2) carrying out suction filtration and concentration on the defibered plant fiber obtained in the step (S1) by using a Buchner funnel until the concentration is 10%, placing the defibered plant fiber into a PFI (pulse frequency absorption) mill (also can be a Jokro mill and the like commonly used in the paper industry) for mechanical pulping treatment, wherein the pulping temperature is 20-30 ℃, the pulping concentration is 10%, the pulping revolution is determined according to the pulping degree, and the pulping degree of the pulped plant fiber is 70-90 DEG SR, so that the xanthium-shaped plant fiber is obtained.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the aniline solution to the plant fibers in S3 is 1: 10-20, and the molar ratio of ammonium persulfate to aniline is 1: 1; the in-situ oxidative polymerization is carried out at 0 ℃ for 6-8 h.
More preferably, the aniline solution of S3 is obtained by dissolving a certain amount of aniline monomer in 1M sulfuric acid solution, and the concentration of aniline in the sulfuric acid solution is 0.5-1.0M; the ammonium persulfate solution is obtained by dissolving a certain amount of ammonium persulfate in a 1M sulfuric acid solution, wherein the concentration of the ammonium persulfate solution is 0.2-0.5M.
Preferably, the preparation process of the S4 silver ammonia solution is as follows: and (3) slowly adding a silver nitrate solution with the mass concentration of 3% into a diluted ammonia water solution with the mass concentration of 2% until brown precipitates are generated, continuously adding the diluted ammonia water solution until the precipitates disappear, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to be within the range of 10.8-11.4 by using the diluted ammonia water solution to obtain the silver ammonia solution.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the silver nitrate to the plant fibers in the S4 silver ammonia solution is 2-5: 1.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the S4 polyvinylpyrrolidone to the plant fibers is 1: 5-100.
Preferably, the mass concentration of the S4 glucose solution is 6-8%; the mass ratio of the glucose to the silver nitrate in the silver ammonia solution is 1.2-1.5: 1.
Preferably, the S4 silver-ammonia solution is obtained by reacting a silver nitrate solution and a diluted ammonia water solution, wherein the mass concentration of silver nitrate is 3%, the mass concentration of ammonia water is 2%, and the pH value of the silver-ammonia solution is 10.8-11.4.
Preferably, the plant fibers are selected from bleached chemical pulp commonly used in the paper industry, preferably bleached softwood chemical pulp.
The invention also provides an antibacterial and antiviral material which is prepared from the bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber prepared by the method.
The antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber prepared by the method can be applied to the fields of papermaking, spinning, medical treatment or food packaging and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a preparation method of bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber, which has the advantages of simple process, easy operation, obvious antibacterial and antiviral effects and the like.
The method prepares the xanthium-shaped plant fiber by using mechanical pulping to make the surface of the plant fiber have fibrosis, increases the specific surface area and porosity of the plant fiber, and thus increases the in-situ oxidation generation amount of polyaniline on the surface of the plant fiber; and then glucose solution is used for assisting and strengthening polyaniline to reduce silver ammonia ions on the surface of the plant fiber in situ to generate nano silver, so that the xanthium type plant fiber with antibacterial and antiviral properties is obtained.
The bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber can be directly used for industrial production to produce plant fiber raw materials with antibacterial and antiviral properties. The test result shows that: the bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber prepared by the method has the bacteriostasis rate of more than 99.9 percent on escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and candida albicans, and the antiviral activity value (Mv) of more than 3.0 on influenza A H1N1 virus.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of a method for preparing a biomimetic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber in example 1, wherein (a) is bleached softwood pulp plant fiber; (b) is xanthium-shaped plant fiber; (c) the xanthium type plant fiber is coated with nano silver.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The test methods used in the following experimental examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials, reagents and the like used are, unless otherwise specified, commercially available reagents and materials.
Example 1
The preparation method of the bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 30 g (absolute dry mass) of bleached spruce needle-leaved wood chemical pulp, adding 970mL of deionized water to make the concentration of the chemical pulp 3%, soaking at the temperature of 20 ℃ for 4h, adding 500mL of deionized water to adjust the fiber concentration to be 2%, dissociating by using a standard fiber dissociator at the temperature of 20 ℃, and uniformly dispersing the plant fibers into a single fiber state at the rotation speed of 20000 revolutions.
(2) And (2) carrying out suction filtration and concentration on the defibered plant fiber obtained in the step (1) by using a Buchner funnel until the concentration is 10%, placing the plant fiber in a PFI mill for mechanical pulping treatment, wherein the pulping temperature is 20 ℃, the pulping concentration is 10%, the pulping revolution is 20000 revolutions, and the pulping degree of the plant fiber after pulping is 82.4 DEG SR, so that the xanthium-shaped plant fiber is obtained.
(3) Dissolving 3 g of aniline monomer into a 1mol/L sulfuric acid solution with the volume of 64.5mL, so that the concentration of aniline in the sulfuric acid solution is 0.5 mol/L; then adding the xanthium type plant fiber obtained in the step (2) into the aniline solution, stirring for 5min, and uniformly mixing; dissolving 7.4 g of ammonium persulfate in a sulfuric acid solution with the volume of 6.5mL and the concentration of 1mol/L to prepare an ammonium persulfate solution with the concentration of 0.2 mol/L; adding an ammonium persulfate solution into an aniline solution containing xanthium-shaped plant fibers, stirring for 1min, standing at the temperature of 0 ℃ for 6h, carrying out in-situ oxidative polymerization on an aniline monomer on the surfaces of the plant fibers, and washing and filtering to obtain the polyaniline-coated plant fibers.
(4) And (2) putting 2 kg of silver nitrate solution with the mass concentration of 3% into a beaker, slowly adding dilute ammonia water solution with the mass concentration of 2% until brown precipitate is generated, continuously adding the dilute ammonia water solution until the precipitate disappears, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 11.0 by using the dilute ammonia water solution to obtain the silver-ammonia solution.
(5) And (3) adding 150 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone solution with the mass concentration of 0.2% into the silver ammonia solution prepared in the step (4) to serve as a dispersing agent, then adding the xanthium type plant fiber prepared in the step (2), stirring at room temperature for 30min, then adding 1.2 kg of glucose solution with the mass concentration of 6%, continuing stirring for 60min, and filtering and washing with deionized water to obtain the nano-silver coated xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber.
The plant fiber raw materials used above, the xanthium type plant fibers prepared from the plant fiber raw materials and the xanthium type plant fibers coated with the nano silver are observed by a scanning electron microscope (shown in figure 1), and the plant fiber raw materials are subjected to mechanical pulping treatment to form a fine fiber structure on the fiber surface, so that the fiber structure has the phenomena of devillicate and brooming, and the xanthium type structure is formed; the polyaniline-coated plant fiber is obtained through in-situ oxidative polymerization of aniline monomers on the surface of the plant fiber, and then nano-silver particles are generated through in-situ reduction of silver ammonia ions on the surface of the plant fiber by glucose-assisted and reinforced polyaniline, so that the xanthium-type plant fiber coated with nano-silver is obtained. The antibacterial performance of the xanthium type plant fiber coated with the nano silver is executed according to the medical institution disinfection technical specification (WS/T367-. The antiviral performance of the xanthium type plant fiber coated with the nano silver IS determined by the antiviral activity value of the xanthium type plant fiber on the influenza A H1N1 virus of 3.5 by adopting a half tissue culture infectious dose method (TCID50) according to the antiviral textile test standard (IS 018184: 2014).
Example 2
The preparation method of the bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 30 g (absolute dry mass) of bleached hemlock needle wood chemical pulp, adding 1470mL of deionized water to make the concentration of the chemical pulp 2%, soaking at the temperature of 20 ℃ for 6h, dissociating at the temperature of 20 ℃ by using a standard fiber dissociator, and uniformly dispersing the plant fibers into a single fiber state by using the rotation number of a propeller of 20000 revolutions.
(2) And (2) carrying out suction filtration and concentration on the defibered plant fiber obtained in the step (1) by using a Buchner funnel until the concentration is 10%, placing the plant fiber in a PFI mill for mechanical pulping treatment, wherein the pulping temperature is 20 ℃, the pulping concentration is 10%, the pulping revolution is 20000 revolutions, and the pulping degree of the plant fiber after pulping is 84.4 DEG SR, so that the xanthium-shaped plant fiber is obtained.
(3) Dissolving 3 g of aniline monomer into a 1mol/L sulfuric acid solution with the volume of 64.5mL, so that the concentration of aniline in the sulfuric acid solution is 0.5 mol/L; then adding the xanthium type plant fiber obtained in the step (2) into the aniline solution, stirring for 8min, and uniformly mixing; dissolving 7.4 g of ammonium persulfate in a sulfuric acid solution with the volume of 6.5mL and the concentration of 1mol/L to prepare an ammonium persulfate solution with the concentration of 0.2 mol/L; adding an ammonium persulfate solution into an aniline solution containing xanthium-shaped plant fibers, stirring for 2min, standing at 0 ℃ for 8h, carrying out in-situ oxidative polymerization on an aniline monomer on the surfaces of the plant fibers, and washing and filtering to obtain the polyaniline-coated plant fibers.
(4) And (3) putting 3 kg of silver nitrate solution with the mass concentration of 3% into a beaker, slowly adding dilute ammonia water solution with the mass concentration of 2% until brown precipitate is generated, continuously adding the dilute ammonia water solution until the precipitate disappears, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to be 11.2 by using the dilute ammonia water solution to obtain the silver-ammonia solution.
(5) And (3) adding 300 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone solution with the mass concentration of 0.2% into the silver-ammonia solution prepared in the step (4) to serve as a dispersing agent, then adding the xanthium type plant fiber prepared in the step (2), stirring at room temperature for 30min, then adding 1.8 kg of glucose solution with the mass concentration of 6%, continuing stirring for 60min, and filtering and washing with deionized water to obtain the nano-silver coated xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber.
The antibacterial performance of the xanthium type plant fiber coated with the nano silver is executed according to the medical institution disinfection technical specification (WS/T367-. The antiviral performance of the xanthium type plant fiber coated with the nano silver IS determined by the antiviral activity value of the xanthium type plant fiber on the influenza A H1N1 virus of 3.6 by adopting a half tissue culture infectious dose method (TCID50) according to the antiviral textile test standard (IS 018184: 2014).
Example 3
The preparation method of the bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 30 g (absolute dry mass) of bleached wetland hemlock needle wood chemical pulp, adding 1470mL of deionized water to make the concentration of the bleached wetland hemlock needle wood chemical pulp 2%, soaking for 6h at the temperature of 20 ℃, dissociating by using a standard fiber dissociator at the temperature of 30 ℃, and uniformly dispersing plant fibers into a single fiber state when the number of revolutions of a propeller is 30000.
(2) And (2) carrying out suction filtration and concentration on the defibered plant fiber obtained in the step (1) by using a Buchner funnel until the concentration is 10%, placing the plant fiber in a PFI mill for mechanical pulping treatment, wherein the pulping temperature is 30 ℃, the pulping concentration is 10%, the pulping revolution is 30000 r, and the pulping degree of the plant fiber after pulping is 89.8 SR, so as to obtain the xanthium-shaped plant fiber.
(3) Dissolving 3 g of aniline monomer into a 1mol/L sulfuric acid solution with the volume of 64.5mL, so that the concentration of aniline in the sulfuric acid solution is 0.5 mol/L; then adding the xanthium type plant fiber obtained in the step (2) into the aniline solution, stirring for 10min, and uniformly mixing; dissolving 7.4 g of ammonium persulfate in a sulfuric acid solution with the volume of 6.5mL and the concentration of 1mol/L to prepare an ammonium persulfate solution with the concentration of 0.2 mol/L; adding an ammonium persulfate solution into an aniline solution containing xanthium-shaped plant fibers, stirring for 2min, standing at 0 ℃ for 8h, carrying out in-situ oxidative polymerization on an aniline monomer on the surfaces of the plant fibers, and washing and filtering to obtain the polyaniline-coated plant fibers.
(4) Putting 4 kg of silver nitrate solution with the mass concentration of 3% into a beaker, slowly adding dilute ammonia solution with the mass concentration of 2% until brown precipitate is generated, continuously adding the dilute ammonia solution until the precipitate disappears, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 10.8 by using the dilute ammonia solution to obtain the silver-ammonia solution.
(5) And (3) adding 600 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone solution with the mass concentration of 0.2% into the silver-ammonia solution prepared in the step (4) to serve as a dispersing agent, then adding the xanthium type plant fiber prepared in the step (2), stirring at room temperature for 30min, then adding 2.4 kg of glucose solution with the mass concentration of 6%, continuing stirring for 60min, and filtering and washing with deionized water to obtain the nano-silver coated xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber.
The antibacterial performance of the xanthium type plant fiber coated with the nano silver is executed according to the medical institution disinfection technical specification (WS/T367-. The antiviral performance of the xanthium type plant fiber coated with the nano silver IS determined by the antiviral activity value of the xanthium type plant fiber on the influenza A H1N1 virus by adopting a half tissue culture infectious dose method (TCID50) according to the antiviral textile test standard (IS 018184: 2014) to be 3.8.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, defibering plant fibers: dissociating the plant fibers to enable the plant fibers to be uniformly dispersed into a single fiber state;
s2, pulping the plant fibers: pulping the plant fiber defibered by the S1 to obtain xanthium-shaped plant fiber;
s3, coating plant fibers with polyaniline: adding the xanthium-shaped plant fiber prepared by the S2 into an aniline solution, adding an ammonium persulfate solution to perform in-situ oxidative polymerization on an aniline monomer on the surface of the plant fiber, and washing and filtering to obtain the polyaniline-coated plant fiber;
and S4, adding a polyvinylpyrrolidone solution into the silver ammonia solution as a dispersing agent, mixing the dispersing agent with the polyaniline-coated plant fiber prepared in the S3, stirring the mixture at room temperature for a period of time, adding a glucose solution, continuously stirring the mixture, and washing the mixture to obtain the nano-silver-coated bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber.
2. The preparation method of the bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the beating degree of the S2 plant fiber is 70-90 ° SR.
3. The preparation method of the bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the aniline solution to the plant fiber in S3 is 1: 10-20, and the molar ratio of ammonium persulfate to aniline is 1: 1; the in-situ oxidative polymerization is carried out at 0 ℃ for 6-8 h.
4. The preparation method of the bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of silver nitrate to the plant fiber in the S4 silver ammonia solution is 2-5: 1.
5. The preparation method of the bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of S4 polyvinylpyrrolidone to the plant fiber is 1: 5-100.
6. The preparation method of the bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the S4 glucose to the silver nitrate in the silver ammonia solution is 1.2-1.5: 1.
7. The preparation method of the bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the S4 silver ammonia solution is obtained by reacting a silver nitrate solution and a diluted ammonia water solution, wherein the mass concentration of silver nitrate is 3%, the mass concentration of ammonia water is 2%, and the pH value of the silver ammonia solution is 10.8-11.4.
8. An antibacterial and antiviral material, which is characterized by being prepared from the bionic xanthium type antibacterial and antiviral plant fiber prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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