CN112167047A - Method for cultivating new variety of grapes, namely Kaura rose grapes - Google Patents
Method for cultivating new variety of grapes, namely Kaura rose grapes Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 241000219094 Vitaceae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 235000021021 grapes Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 241001163394 Medinilla magnifica Species 0.000 title description 11
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 66
- 241000219095 Vitis Species 0.000 claims description 31
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 31
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 claims description 30
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000109294 Rosa suffulta Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005979 Forchlorfenuron Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- GPXLRLUVLMHHIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N forchlorfenuron Chemical compound C1=NC(Cl)=CC(NC(=O)NC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 GPXLRLUVLMHHIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000068697 Vitis rotundifolia Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000006359 Vitis rotundifolia var rotundifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000002532 grape seed extract Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229940113118 carrageenan Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000010418 carrageenan Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229920001525 carrageenan Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000679 carrageenan Substances 0.000 description 4
- SWGJCIMEBVHMTA-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;6-oxido-4-sulfo-5-[(4-sulfonatonaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl]naphthalene-2-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].C1=CC=C2C(N=NC3=C4C(=CC(=CC4=CC=C3O)S([O-])(=O)=O)S([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C2=C1 SWGJCIMEBVHMTA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 241000102542 Kara Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001557517 Crocanthemum scoparium Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015125 Sterculia urens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001058 Sterculia urens Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009392 Vitis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003976 plant breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/008—Methods for regeneration to complete plants
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for cultivating a new variety of grapes, namely, the grapes, the.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agriculture, relates to a plant breeding technology, and particularly relates to a method for breeding colored, compact-fruit, seedless and large-grain Carrageenan rose grapes.
Background
In recent years, the living standard of people is continuously improved, various fruits become daily main consumption objects, higher requirements are put forward on the quality of the fruits, among the various fruits, grapes are always popular varieties, the grapes are rich in nutrition and good in taste, and the cultivation area of the grapes is continuously enlarged. The sun rose is a grape variety which develops rapidly in scale in recent years and is also well recognized.
The black baladuo is one of European and American hybrid species, and is one of the earliest new black grape varieties at present, and has the characteristics that: the fruit peel is black, the fruit grains are oval, the grain weight is 8-10g, the maximum grain weight can reach 18g, the fragrance is unique, the content of soluble solid matters is more than 18%, the fruit is ripe from the bottom of 6 months to the top of 7 months, the early fruiting performance and the high yield are good, the fruit can be eaten with the peel, but the grains are small, the disease is easy to get at the flowering phase, and the fruit is easy to crack after the fruit is ripe.
The sunshine grape is the sunshine rose grape, the other names are summer sound mascarat and dazzling rose, the grapes are European and American hybrids, and the parents are Anyujin No. 21 and Bainan'. In recent years, China is introduced successively to carry out planting, test planting and popularization, and the yield is doubled by adopting a small dragon trunk technology. The sunshine rose has a 'white south' blood margin, belongs to European and American hybrids, but has typical European and American characteristics, and grows in a mature period: generally, the fruit sprouts in the first middle of 3 months, the early flowering stage is started in the first 5 months, the full flowering stage in the first middle of 5 months, the first young fruit is expanded in the first 6 th month, the color of the fruit begins to change in the middle of 7 months, and the fruit begins to ripen in the first 8 th month. The variety has the advantages that the fruit cluster is conical, the weight of the fruit cluster is about 600 g, the weight of big ear can reach about 1800 g, the average fruit grain weight is 8-12 g, the fruit is oval, yellowish green, glossy in fruit surface, less in fruit powder, fresh, crisp and juicy in pulp, and has rose fragrance, about 20% of soluble solid matter, and the fresh food has excellent quality, the variety is easy to cultivate, the fruiting period is long, the fruit can be fruiting on trees for 2-3 months after being mature, the variety is resistant to storage and transportation, the fruit is not cracked, and the threshing phenomenon is avoided; however, as the sun rose matures later, it is a difficult problem for people to combine the advantages of the two varieties to obtain a grape variety with better quality.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the consideration, the technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a method for cultivating a new variety of grapes, namely the Carrageenan rose grapes, which are obtained by hybridizing the virus-free sunshine rose grapes and the Heibalazo and then culturing and transplanting, and the new variety of the Carrageenan rose grapes are early in maturation period, purple-red in fruits, thin in meat quality, hard, moist, thick in fruit pulp, thin in skin, seedless, large in fruit grains, not hollow and wide in market prospect.
The invention aims to cultivate a Carrageenan rose grape by hybridizing and improving a sunshine rose grape.
A method for cultivating a new grape variety of Kalaojie grapes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) and (3) hybridization: hybridizing a sunshine rose variety grape serving as a male parent with a black balanopus grape female parent;
(2) and (3) adult breeding: carrying out isolated culture on 36-60-day ovules to obtain test-tube plantlets, hardening the test-tube plantlets, and bearing fruits after one year;
(3) changing and connecting: in the second year, the plant species is grafted to the sunshine rose grape trees by adopting a spring hard branch cleft grafting method;
(4) fruit treatment: the fruits of the green branch variety in the next year are treated as follows:
firstly, the method comprises the following steps: when the flower ears are full-bloomed, namely more than 80 percent of flower ears are bloomed, using 25ppm of 20 percent gibberellin and 2ppm of 0.1 percent forchlorfenuron to stir uniformly, starting to dip the grape ears by using a medicament when the grape flowers are full-bloomed, and finishing flower retention within 2-3 days when the grape flowers are full-bloomed;
secondly, the method comprises the following steps: 25ppm of 20% gibberellin and 3ppm of 0.1% forchlorfenuron are used at the initial fruit setting stage, and the fruits are uniformly stirred and dipped for fruit preservation;
(5) domestication: and (5) repeating the steps (3) and (4) for multiple times to obtain the Karaoha rose grape.
Preferably, after the step (4) is changed, the seedlings germinate in the first 2 months, bloom in the first 3 months and mature in the last 5 months.
Preferably, the fertilizer and water management is increased during the grafting in the step (3), and organic fertilizer, functional fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are applied.
Has the advantages that: the variety of the invention is from germination to maturity in the areas of Jinhua in Yunnan and Zhejiang, and about 110-115 days. The Karaya rose grape obtained by the method has the advantages of vertical young shoot branches, medium internodes, thick internodes and thin internodes. The branches and trunks are good in maturity and easy to lignify, the leaves are deep and five-split, the leaf stalks are long, the leaves are large, the leaf tooth tips are long, the young leaves are light red in color and have no villi, the leaves are blue and thick after being formed, the leaf mouths of the leaf stalks can be gathered or overlapped, and the leaf shapes are like female parents. The bud eyes are red, particularly, buds in the young leaves and American red buds are more obvious, the flower ears are large, the flower buds are large, the fruit setting rate is high, the fruit stalks are soft and thick, the tensile force is strong, the fruit bearing time on the tree is long, the fruit ears are compact, and the storage and transportation are durable. The fruit has the advantages of fine, hard and moist meat, thick fruit pulp, thin peel, no kernel, large fruit grain, no hollow core and very high enjoyment. The sugar degree can reach 23 degrees, the fruit shape is oval, the coloring of the fruit powder is easy, and the fruit powder is bright red or purple red. The weight of the seedless single fruit is 16-17g, the maximum weight can reach more than 20g, the weight of the spike can reach 800g, the flowering rate can reach more than 85 percent, and the yield per mu is controlled to be 2500-3500 jin.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a purple-red ripe fruit of the novel cultivar Karaoha grape obtained in example 1;
FIG. 2 shows bright red ripe fruits of the new variety Kara rose grape obtained in example 1;
FIG. 3 shows golden young leaves and red eyes of the new cultivar Kara rose grape obtained in example 1;
FIG. 4 shows leaves and branches of the novel cultivars Vitis karroller obtained in example 1.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
A method for cultivating a new grape variety of Kalaojie grapes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) and (3) hybridization: hybridizing a sunshine rose variety grape serving as a male parent with a black balanopus grape female parent;
(2) and (3) adult breeding: carrying out isolated culture on 50-day ovules to obtain test-tube plantlets, hardening the test-tube plantlets, and bearing fruits after one year;
(3) changing and connecting: in the second year, the plant species is transplanted to the sunshine rose grape trees by adopting a spring hard branch cleft grafting method, fertilizer and water management is increased during transplanting, and organic fertilizer, functional fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are additionally applied;
(4) fruit treatment: the green branch variety sprouts 2 month and 5 days in the next year, flowers 3 months and 5 days, and matures 5 months and 20 days, and the fruits are treated as follows:
firstly, the method comprises the following steps: when the flower ears are full-bloomed, namely more than 80 percent of flower ears are bloomed, using 25ppm of 20 percent gibberellin and 2ppm of 0.1 percent forchlorfenuron to stir uniformly, starting to dip the grape ears by using a medicament when the grape flowers are full-bloomed, and finishing flower retention within 2-3 days when the grape flowers are full-bloomed;
secondly, the method comprises the following steps: 25ppm of 20% gibberellin and 3ppm of 0.1% forchlorfenuron are used at the initial fruit setting stage, and the fruits are uniformly stirred and dipped for fruit preservation;
(6) domestication: and (4) repeating the steps (3) and (4) for multiple times to obtain the Karaoha muscat.
As can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 4, the new variety of the Kara rose grape obtained by the present invention has the advantages of vertical branch, medium internode, thick internode and thin internode. The branches and trunks are good in maturity and easy to lignify, the leaves are deep and five-split, the leaf stalks are long, the leaves are large, the leaf tooth tips are long, the young leaves are light red in color and have no villi, the leaves are blue and thick after being formed, the leaf mouths of the leaf stalks can be gathered or overlapped, and the leaf shapes are like female parents. The bud eyes are red, particularly, buds in the young leaves and American red buds are more obvious, the flower ears are large, the flower buds are large, the fruit setting rate is high, the fruit stalks are soft and thick, the tensile force is strong, the fruit bearing time on the tree is long, the fruit ears are compact, and the storage and transportation are durable. The fruit has the advantages of fine, hard and moist meat, thick fruit pulp, thin peel, no kernel, large fruit grain, no hollow core and very high enjoyment. The sugar degree can reach 23 degrees, the fruit shape is oval, the coloring of the fruit powder is easy, and the fruit powder is bright red or purple red. The weight of the seedless single fruit is 16-17g, the maximum weight can reach more than 20g, the weight of the spike can reach 800g, the flowering rate can reach more than 85 percent, and the yield per mu is controlled to be 2500-3500 jin.
Claims (3)
1. A method for cultivating a new grape variety of Kalaojie grapes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) and (3) hybridization: hybridizing a sunshine rose variety grape serving as a male parent with a black balanopus grape female parent;
(2) and (3) adult breeding: carrying out isolated culture on 36-60-day ovules to obtain test-tube plantlets, hardening the test-tube plantlets, and bearing fruits after one year;
(3) changing and connecting: in the second year, the plant species is grafted to the sunshine rose grape trees by adopting a spring hard branch cleft grafting method;
(4) fruit treatment: the fruits of the green branch variety in the next year are treated as follows:
firstly, the method comprises the following steps: when the flower ears are full-bloomed, namely more than 80 percent of flower ears are bloomed, using 25ppm of 20 percent gibberellin and 2ppm of 0.1 percent forchlorfenuron to stir uniformly, starting to dip the grape ears by using a medicament when the grape flowers are full-bloomed, and finishing flower retention within 2-3 days when the grape flowers are full-bloomed;
secondly, the method comprises the following steps: 25ppm of 20% gibberellin and 3ppm of 0.1% forchlorfenuron are used at the initial fruit setting stage, and the fruits are uniformly stirred and dipped for fruit preservation;
(5) domestication: and (5) repeating the steps (3) and (4) for multiple times to obtain the Karaoha muscat.
2. The method for cultivating a new grape variety, Vitis vinifera Linne according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises: and (4) after grafting, sprouting at the beginning of 2 months, blooming at the beginning of 3 months and maturing in late 6 months.
3. The method for cultivating a new grape variety, Karaoha muscadine according to claim 1, wherein fertilizer and water management, organic fertilizer and functional fertilizer, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are increased during the grafting in step (3).
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Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| USPP19599P2 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2008-12-30 | Anton Caratan & Son | Grapevine plant named ‘Mara Seedless’ |
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| CN109937790A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-28 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of huge rose grape flower and fruit protecting method |
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2020
- 2020-08-20 CN CN202010844878.9A patent/CN112167047A/en active Pending
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Application publication date: 20210105 |