CN112142101A - Preparation method of single-layer two-dimensional nano material MXene - Google Patents

Preparation method of single-layer two-dimensional nano material MXene Download PDF

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CN112142101A
CN112142101A CN202011060527.5A CN202011060527A CN112142101A CN 112142101 A CN112142101 A CN 112142101A CN 202011060527 A CN202011060527 A CN 202011060527A CN 112142101 A CN112142101 A CN 112142101A
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朱艳超
李恩
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Hubei University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a single-layer two-dimensional nano material, which comprises the following steps: ultrasonically dispersing the multilayer MXene solution for 5-12h, then crushing in a cell crusher for 10-30min, centrifuging to obtain supernatant containing monolayer MXene, and then vacuum drying to obtain monolayer MXene, wherein the ultrasonic and crushing processes are carried out under inert gas atmosphere or vacuum condition. The method comprises the steps of dispersing the multiple layers of MXene by ultrasound, and crushing by using a biological crusher to obtain the single layer of MXene with good appearance, so that the steps are simplified, the sample can be prevented from being polluted by impurities due to the introduction of foreign substances, the cost is reduced, and a foundation is laid for large-scale production.

Description

Preparation method of single-layer two-dimensional nano material MXene
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of MXene preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a single-layer two-dimensional nano material MXene.
Background
MXene since the first report of Yury Gogotsi in 2011, the material research is on the rise, and the material research reaches a new research climax in 2019. MXene, as a novel two-dimensional material, has a Graphene-like structure and is obtained by etching a ternary layered metal material MAX, and a layer A with low bond energy and high reaction activity is etched from the MAX material to obtain the performance similar to that of Graphene (Graphene), so MXene is named. Its chemical expression is Mn+1XnTX, M is a premetal element (e.g., Sc, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, etc.), X represents carbon or nitrogen, n is 1,2.3, and TX is a surface functional group (-OH, -F, and-O). More than 20 MXenes have been reported including Ti3C2Tx、Ti2C、Ti3CNx、TiVbC,Ta4C3、Nb2C,V2C and Nb4C3And the like. The existing methods for etching MAX phase to obtain MXene are as follows: hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching, lithium fluoride (LiF) plus hydrochloric acid (HCl) etching, ammonium hydrogen fluoride (NH)4HF2) Etching, molten fluoride etching, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) plus sulfuric acid (H)2SO4) And (4) etching. MXene has high surface activity, so far all MXene prepared has OH, O and F functional group ends connected to the surface.
MXene has good physicochemical properties including high conductivity, high specific surface area, multiple active sites and various chemical compositions due to the unique structure, and the unique morphology, structure and performance of MXene have the significance of deep research in the fields of energy storage, batteries, super capacitors and the like, and a single-layer MXene can better embody the excellent performance of MXene in the nanometer size and has great potential in the field of photocatalysis.
The research on the preparation method of the monolayer two-dimensional nano material MXene has been reported at home and abroad. For example, patent "a method for preparing Mxene material based on molten salt method" (CN 111403186A) discloses a method for preparing Mxene material based on molten salt method, which comprises mixing MAX phase Ti3SnC2With molten salts (CuBr)2NaCl and KCl) are mixed and reacted, and MXene material is obtained after being cleaned by dilute hydrochloric acid; patent' A high lithium storage capacity Ti3C2TxThe mechanochemical preparation method (CN 111232981A) discloses a mechanochemical method for preparing Ti with high lithium storage capacity3C2TxMethod (2) with a MAX phase of Ti3AlC2Uses a mechanical force to induce a chemical reaction in a strong alkaline environment as a raw material to prepare stable small-size monolayer Ti3C2TxIn the experimental process, the single-layer Ti is obtained by strong alkali intercalation, ice bath and freeze drying3C2Tx. It can be seen that two methods or introduction of impurity ions (Cu)2+、Na+Etc.) or complex synthetic procedures, which are complicated, relatively low in yield, and do not involve application in photocatalysis. Therefore, the MXene preparation method which is simple in step, high in yield and in line with the photocatalysis field has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the preparation method of the single-layer two-dimensional nano material MXene, and the obtained single-layer two-dimensional nano material MXene has good appearance, no impurity introduction and simple process operation.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the single-layer two-dimensional nano material MXene is provided and comprises the following steps:
ultrasonically dispersing the multilayer MXene solution for 5-12h, then crushing in a cell crusher for 10-30min, centrifuging to obtain supernatant containing monolayer MXene, and then vacuum drying to obtain monolayer MXene, wherein the ultrasonic and crushing processes are carried out under inert gas atmosphere or vacuum condition.
According to the scheme, the MXene chemical expression is Mn+1XnTXM is an early transition metal element Sc, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, X is carbon or nitrogen, n is 1,2 or 3, and Tx is a surface functional group-OH, F, O.
According to the scheme, the power of the cell crusher is 200-300W, and the operating frequency is 0.5-0.75 Hz.
According to the scheme, the centrifugal process comprises the following steps: centrifuging at 3500-; the vacuum drying conditions are as follows: 60-80 ℃ for 8-12 h.
According to the scheme, the multilayer MXene solution is prepared by etching MAX phase raw materials through HF solution.
According to the scheme, the preparation method of the multilayer MXene solution comprises the following specific operation steps: adding MAX phase raw materials into HF solution at the speed of 200-400mg/min, stirring for 18-36h at the temperature of 30-80 ℃, and cleaning to be neutral by using a centrifuge to obtain the multilayer MXene solution.
According to the scheme, the mass-volume ratio of the MAX phase raw material to the HF solution is as follows: (15-69) 1 mg/ml; the concentration of the HF solution is 30-69%.
According to the scheme, the molecular formula of the MAX phase raw material is Mn+1AXnWherein M is an early transition metal element Sc, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, wherein X is C, N, n is 1,2 or 3, and A is Al, Si, Sn or Ge. Preferably, the MAX phase source is Sc2AlC、Sc2AlN、Ti2AlC、Ti2AlN、V2AlC、V2AlN、Cr2AlC、Cr2AlN、Mo2GaC、Ti3AlC2、Ti3AlN2、V3AlC2、Ta3AlC2、Ti4AlN3、V4AlC3、Ta4NAl3、Nb4AlC3、Ti3SiC2At least one of (1).
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method comprises the steps of dispersing the clustered multiple layers of MXene by ultrasonic, and crushing by using a biological crusher to obtain the single layer of MXene, wherein the boundary size is 30-100nm, the thickness is 5-10nm, the shape is good, the steps are simplified, the sample can be prevented from being polluted by impurities due to the introduction of foreign substances, the cost is reduced, and the foundation is laid for large-scale production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a view of the multilayer Ti prepared in example 13C2TxScanning electron micrograph (c).
FIG. 2 is a multilayer Ti prepared in example 23C2TxScanning electron micrograph (c).
FIG. 3 is a multilayer Ti prepared in example 33C2TxScanning electron micrograph (c).
FIG. 4 shows a single layer of Ti prepared in example 13C2TxA projection electron microscope image of (a).
FIG. 5 shows a Ti layer having a small thickness obtained in comparative example 13C2TxA projection electron microscope image of (a).
FIG. 6 shows multi-and single-layered Ti prepared in example 13C2TxXRD pattern of (a).
FIG. 7 shows a single Ti layer prepared in example 13C2TxXPS spectra of (a).
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, the advantages and features of which will become apparent from the description. The examples are merely illustrative and do not limit the scope of the invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Example 1
Providing a single-layer two-dimensional material Ti3C2TxThe preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) under the argon gas atmosphere, 1g of Ti3AlC2The powder was added to 40ml HF (49%) solution at a rate of 200mg/min, stirred at 45 ℃ for 24h, centrifuged at 8000rpm for 3min in a centrifuge, and centrifuged several times until washed neutral (pH 7) to give multi-layered Ti3C2TxSolution, greenish black;
(2) subjecting the multilayer Ti obtained in the step (1)3C2TxUltrasonically dispersing the solution in argon gas atmosphere for 5h, then crushing in a cell crusher in argon gas atmosphere for 10min, wherein the cell crusher power is 200W, the operation frequency is 0.5Hz, centrifuging the solution at 3500rpm for 3min to obtain a monolayer Ti with the concentration of 0.4mg/ml3C2TxSupernatant fluid is dried for 10 hours in vacuum at 60 ℃ to obtain single-layer Ti3C2TxAnd (3) powder.
Example 2
Providing a single-layer two-dimensional material Ti3C2TxThe preparation process of (4) is substantially the same as in example 1 except that Ti is used in the step (1)3AlC2The amount was replaced with 2 g.
Example 3
Providing a single-layer two-dimensional material Ti3C2TxThe procedure of (3) was substantially the same as in example 1 except that 60ml of HF (49%) solution was used in step (1).
Comparative example 1
(1) Under argon atmosphere, 1g of Ti3AlC2The powder was added to 40ml HF (49%) solution at a rate of 200mg/min, stirred at 45 ℃ for 24h, centrifuged at 8000rpm for 3min in a centrifuge, and centrifuged several times until washed neutral (pH 7) to give multi-layered Ti3C2TxA solution;
(2) drying the solution to obtain a multilayer Ti3C2TxAdding the sample powder into 20ml DMSO solution, stirring for 12h at 500rpm/min in argon atmosphere, then centrifuging the solution at 8000rpm for 3min with deionized water, cleaning for 6 times, and freeze drying to obtain gray black powder.
FIGS. 1 to 3 are Ti multilayers obtained in examples 1 to 33C2TxScanning electron microscope images of; it can be seen that the multilayer Ti obtained by etching with HF3C2TxThe distribution is uniform, the appearance is excellent, the aluminum alloy is in an accordion shape, and the Al layer is successfully removed.
FIGS. 4 and 5 are each a single layer of Ti prepared in example 13C2TxAnd the Ti of less layer prepared in comparative example 13C2TxA projection electron microscope image of (a); as can be seen from the figure: single-layer Ti obtained by intercalation with DMSO organic solvent as intercalator in comparative example 13C2TxThe distribution is uneven, and the obtained sample shows a few-layer structure under TEM and is thicker in layer thickness. Single layer Ti obtained in example 13C2TxThe appearance is good, most of the thin slices with the boundary size of 30-100nm are observed under a transmission electron microscope, and the thickness is 5-10 nm.
FIG. 6 is a graph of multi-and single-layered Ti prepared in example 13C2TxAn XRD pattern of (a); the disappearance of the 39 ° peak is seen in the figure, demonstrating that HF etches away the Al layer, demonstrating that the etch was successful.
FIG. 7 shows a single Ti layer prepared in example 13C2TxThe XPS spectrum of the sample can be seen, and the Ti 2p peak and the common TiO of the prepared sample can be seen2The Ti 2p peak in the catalyst is similar and can be used in the field of photocatalysis.
The raw materials listed in the invention, the values of the upper limit and the lower limit and the interval of the raw materials, and the values of the upper limit and the lower limit and the interval of the process parameters can all realize the invention, and the implementation is not always carried out.

Claims (9)

1. A preparation method of a single-layer two-dimensional nano material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
ultrasonically dispersing the multilayer MXene solution for 5-12h, then crushing in a cell crusher for 10-30min, centrifuging to obtain supernatant containing monolayer MXene, and then vacuum drying to obtain monolayer MXene, wherein the ultrasonic and crushing processes are carried out under inert gas atmosphere or vacuum condition.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the MXene has a chemical formula of Mn+1XnTXM is an early transition metal element Sc, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, X is carbon or nitrogen, n is 1,2 or 3, and Tx is a surface functional group-OH, -F, -O.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power of the cell crusher is 200-300W and the operation frequency is 0.5-0.75 Hz.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the centrifugation process is: centrifuging at 3500-; the vacuum drying conditions are as follows: 60-80 ℃ for 8-12 h.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of layers of MXene solution is prepared by etching MAX phase starting material with HF solution.
6. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the multi-layer MXene solution is prepared by the following specific operation steps: adding MAX phase raw materials into HF solution at the speed of 200-400mg/min, stirring for 18-36h at the temperature of 30-80 ℃, and cleaning to be neutral by using a centrifuge to obtain the multilayer MXene solution.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the mass to volume ratio of the MAX phase raw material to the HF solution is (15-69) 1 mg/ml; the concentration of the HF solution is 30-69%.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the MAX phase starting material has the formula Mn+1AXnWherein M is an early transition metal element Sc, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, wherein X is a C or N element, N is 1,2 or 3, and A is Al, Si, Sn or Ge.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the MAX phase source is Sc2AlC、Sc2AlN、Ti2AlC、Ti2AlN、V2AlC、V2AlN、Cr2AlC、Cr2AlN、Mo2GaC、Ti3AlC2、Ti3AlN2、V3AlC2、Ta3AlC2、Ti4AlN3、V4AlC3、Ta4NAl3、Nb4AlC3、Ti3SiC2At least one of (1).
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Cited By (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113401937A (en) * 2021-06-30 2021-09-17 河海大学 MXene-TiO2Preparation method of (1)
CN113456837A (en) * 2021-07-14 2021-10-01 山西医科大学 MXene @ BSA nano diagnosis and treatment agent with controllable size and preparation and application thereof
CN113578355A (en) * 2021-07-30 2021-11-02 陕西科技大学 Titanium dioxide/titanium carbide nanosheet with exposed (001) crystal face as well as preparation method and application thereof
CN113578356A (en) * 2021-07-30 2021-11-02 陕西科技大学 Titanium carbide MXene nanosheet and preparation method and application thereof
CN114804106A (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-07-29 中国科学技术大学 Vanadium titanium carbide MXene material and preparation method and application thereof
CN115196631A (en) * 2022-07-27 2022-10-18 陕西科技大学 Ultrathin single-layer vanadium-based MXene material and preparation method and application thereof
WO2023048081A1 (en) * 2021-09-24 2023-03-30 株式会社村田製作所 Two-dimensional particle, electrically conductive film, electrically conductive paste, and method for producing two-dimensional particle
WO2023149424A1 (en) * 2022-02-01 2023-08-10 国立大学法人東海国立大学機構 Mxene generation method, mxene material, mxene dispersion, and conductive mxene thin film

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CN108686690A (en) * 2017-04-12 2018-10-23 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 One kind being based on graphite phase carbon nitride g-C3N4Photochemical catalyst and its preparation method and application
CN110534741A (en) * 2019-09-06 2019-12-03 浙江大学 A kind of fast preparation method and application of few layer MXenes
CN111285359A (en) * 2020-01-14 2020-06-16 武汉理工大学 Preparation method of single-layer/few-layer MXene two-dimensional material

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CN103705928A (en) * 2013-12-27 2014-04-09 中国科学院高能物理研究所 Single-layer MoS2 nano-chip, preparation method and nano-drug carrier
CN108686690A (en) * 2017-04-12 2018-10-23 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 One kind being based on graphite phase carbon nitride g-C3N4Photochemical catalyst and its preparation method and application
CN108511733A (en) * 2018-05-16 2018-09-07 中国科学院金属研究所 A kind of MXene/ bimetallic oxides composite material and preparation method and lithium ion battery negative material
CN110534741A (en) * 2019-09-06 2019-12-03 浙江大学 A kind of fast preparation method and application of few layer MXenes
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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113401937A (en) * 2021-06-30 2021-09-17 河海大学 MXene-TiO2Preparation method of (1)
CN113456837A (en) * 2021-07-14 2021-10-01 山西医科大学 MXene @ BSA nano diagnosis and treatment agent with controllable size and preparation and application thereof
CN113578355A (en) * 2021-07-30 2021-11-02 陕西科技大学 Titanium dioxide/titanium carbide nanosheet with exposed (001) crystal face as well as preparation method and application thereof
CN113578356A (en) * 2021-07-30 2021-11-02 陕西科技大学 Titanium carbide MXene nanosheet and preparation method and application thereof
CN113578356B (en) * 2021-07-30 2023-11-17 陕西科技大学 Titanium carbide MXene nano-sheet and preparation method and application thereof
CN113578355B (en) * 2021-07-30 2023-11-17 陕西科技大学 Titanium dioxide/titanium carbide nanosheet with exposed (001) crystal face as well as preparation method and application thereof
WO2023048081A1 (en) * 2021-09-24 2023-03-30 株式会社村田製作所 Two-dimensional particle, electrically conductive film, electrically conductive paste, and method for producing two-dimensional particle
WO2023149424A1 (en) * 2022-02-01 2023-08-10 国立大学法人東海国立大学機構 Mxene generation method, mxene material, mxene dispersion, and conductive mxene thin film
CN114804106A (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-07-29 中国科学技术大学 Vanadium titanium carbide MXene material and preparation method and application thereof
CN114804106B (en) * 2022-05-18 2024-03-01 中国科学技术大学 Vanadium titanium carbide MXene material, and preparation method and application thereof
CN115196631A (en) * 2022-07-27 2022-10-18 陕西科技大学 Ultrathin single-layer vanadium-based MXene material and preparation method and application thereof
CN115196631B (en) * 2022-07-27 2023-12-08 陕西科技大学 Ultrathin single-layer vanadium-based MXene material and preparation method and application thereof

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