CN112136593A - Planting method of Korla bergamot pears - Google Patents
Planting method of Korla bergamot pears Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112136593A CN112136593A CN202011064974.8A CN202011064974A CN112136593A CN 112136593 A CN112136593 A CN 112136593A CN 202011064974 A CN202011064974 A CN 202011064974A CN 112136593 A CN112136593 A CN 112136593A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- korla
- grafting
- planting
- pear
- cutting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method of Korla bergamot pears. Belongs to the technical field of agricultural forestry and fruit industry. The method comprises the following steps: planting the rootstock: planting rootstocks in spring of the first year; grafting an intermediate stock 'New Pear No. 9' on the rootstock in spring of the next year; grafting Korla bergamot pears in spring of the third year. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the new pear No. 9 variety is adopted as the dwarfing interstock of the Korla pear, compared with other dwarfing interstocks, the grafting compatibility is good, the phenomenon of 'big and small feet' is avoided after grafting, and the Korla pear has certain dwarfing performance, which is shown in that the branch growth amount is only 3/4 for directly grafting the Korla pear trees by taking the grafting of the Du pear as a stock; meanwhile, the pear tree cold-resistant pear tree fruit setting agent has strong cold resistance, is suitable for popularization and application in cold south Xinjiang, is suitable for controlling the vigorous growth trend of the variety of the Korla bergamot pears, and is beneficial to early fruiting of pear trees.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural forestry and fruit industry, in particular to a planting method of Korla bergamot pears.
Background
The general trend of development of fruit trees is dwarfing, close planting and intensive cultivation of fruit trees. The dwarfing cultivation can make the tree short and small, is easy to manage, saves the production cost, and can realize early fruit, high yield and high quality. The pear cultivar is mainly grafted on the stock of pear or quince vegetative propagation and seed propagation, and the breeding of the proper dwarfing stock is one of the important ways for realizing dwarfing close planting cultivation of pear trees. The quince stocks play a good dwarfing role in production, the tree bodies are compact, the early fruits are high in yield, and the fruit quality is excellent.
However, the biggest problem of the dwarfing stock of pears is poor compatibility or weak growth with most of pear varieties, grafting incompatibility phenomenon exists between the dwarfing stock and Chinese pears, most of the dwarfing stock is not cold-resistant, and certain restriction is applied to actual popularization.
In conclusion, the technical personnel in the field need to solve the problem of how to provide a grafting method of Korla bergamot pear which has good grafting affinity and is disease-resistant and cold-resistant.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a planting method of Korla bergamot pears, which adopts 'New Pear No. 9' as a dwarfing interstock of the Korla bergamot pears, has better dwarfing property, affinity and cold resistance, can better control the growth vigor of the young vigorous trees of the Korla bergamot pears, and can alleviate the growth vigor.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a planting method of Korla bergamot pears is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) planting the rootstock: planting the stock in spring of the first year, digging a planting pit, putting the nursery stock into the planting pit for backfilling, and irrigating;
(2) grafting a semi-dwarfing interstock: grafting an interstock, namely 'New Pear No. 9', on the stock by a tongue grafting method in the middle and last 3 months in the next year;
(3) grafting Korla bergamot pears: and in spring of the third year, grafting the Korla bergamot pears by adopting a tongue grafting method at the position 25-30 cm high of the semi-dwarfing interstock.
The beneficial effects are as follows: the 'New Pear No. 9' variety is adopted as a semi-dwarfing interstock of the Korla pear, compared with other dwarfing interstocks, the grafting compatibility is good, the phenomenon of 'big and small feet' is avoided after grafting, and the Korla pear has certain dwarfing performance, which is shown in that the branch growth amount is only 3/4 for directly grafting the Korla pear trees by taking the grafting of the Du pear as a stock; meanwhile, the pear tree cold-resistant pear tree fruit setting agent has strong cold resistance, is suitable for popularization and application in cold south Xinjiang, is suitable for controlling the vigorous growth trend of the variety of the Korla bergamot pears, and is beneficial to early fruiting of pear trees.
Preferably, the rootstocks in the step (1) are selected from 1-2-year-old Chinese pear seedlings with the ground diameter of more than 1.0cm, the height of more than 1.2m and basically intact root systems.
The beneficial effects are as follows: the birch stock has the advantages of cold resistance, salt and alkali resistance, good compatibility with the grafting of the Korla pear, and rapid growth after grafting of the Korla pear tree.
Preferably, the length, width and height of the planting pit in the step (1) are respectively 60cm, 60cm and 50 cm.
Preferably, the row spacing of the plants planted in the step (1) is 1m multiplied by 4 m.
Preferably, the amount of water to be poured in step (1) is 100m3Per mu.
Preferably, the specific operation of step (2) is as follows:
(21) in the middle and last ten days of 3 months in the next year, cutting a new pear No. 9 scion branch into single bud sections of 3-4 cm, cutting the lower part into an inclined plane of 2cm, and cutting back upwards at the middle part of the inclined plane for one time;
(22) cutting branches into flat openings at the position 40-50 cm of the height of the stock, cutting an inclined plane from bottom to top at the position 2cm of the top, and cutting an inclined cut on the inclined plane from top to bottom;
(23) and (4) inserting the scion branch in the step (21) into the rootstock in the step (22), aligning, and tightly binding the port.
The beneficial effects are as follows: the 'tongue grafting' method has the advantages of fast healing of grafting wounds and tight growth of scion branches and rootstocks after healing, and is not easy to be blown off by wind.
Preferably, the step (2) further comprises: after the grafting survives, the sprouts at the base parts of the stocks are removed in time.
Preferably, the specific operation of step (3) is:
(31) in the middle and last ten days of the third year, cutting off the half-dwarfing interstock at a position 25-30 cm high by using scissors, cutting an inclined plane from bottom to top at a position 2cm from the top, and cutting an inclined knife edge from top to bottom on the inclined plane;
(32) cutting the grafting branches of the Korla bergamot pears into single bud branch sections of 3-4 cm, cutting the lower parts of the single bud branch sections into inclined planes of 2cm, and cutting back upwards at the middle parts of the inclined planes for a time;
(33) and (4) inserting the scion branch obtained in the step (32) into the semi-dwarfing intermediate stock obtained in the step (31), aligning, and tightly binding an interface.
The beneficial effects are as follows: (1) the 'tongue grafting' method has the advantages of fast healing of grafting wound and compact growth of scion and stock after healing, and is not easy to be blown off by wind. (2) And selecting the interstock with the height of 25-30 cm for grafting so as to be beneficial to realizing the semi-dwarfing effect, and if the interstock is too short, the dwarfing effect on the grafted bergamot pear tree is not obvious and the dwarfing effect cannot be achieved.
Preferably, the step (3) further comprises: timely bud picking after grafting survival, tying a windproof rod when the Korla pear grows to have a young sprout of 40cm, applying fertilizer for 2-3 times in the growing season of the year, and irrigating for 5-7 times
The beneficial effects are as follows: according to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the new pear No. 9 variety is adopted as the dwarfing interstock of the Korla pear, compared with other dwarfing interstocks, the grafting compatibility is good, the phenomenon of 'big and small feet' is avoided after grafting, and the Korla pear has certain dwarfing performance, which is shown in that the branch growth amount is only 3/4 for directly grafting the Korla pear trees by taking the grafting of the Du pear as a stock; meanwhile, the pear tree cold-resistant pear tree fruit setting agent has strong cold resistance, is suitable for popularization and application in cold south Xinjiang, is suitable for controlling the vigorous growth trend of the variety of the Korla bergamot pears, and is beneficial to early fruiting of pear trees.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of grafting in example 1 of the present invention, which is a Du pear stock, a New Pear No. 9 intermediate semi-dwarf stock and a Korla pear from bottom to top;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the whole planting in embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention, wherein a left row of trees is a schematic view of planting in embodiment 2, and a right row of trees is a schematic view of planting in embodiment 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The required medicament is a conventional experimental medicament purchased from a market channel; the unrecited experimental method is a conventional experimental method, and is not described in detail herein.
Example 1
Planting method of Korla bergamot pears
Planting place: 29 Tuo 2 Liang Kuerle City, Xinjiang.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) planting the rootstock: before the stock is fixedly planted with the birch pears in 25-30 days in 3 months in 2014, the fixedly planting pits are dug in a forward row mode, the row spacing is designed to be 4m, the plant spacing is 1.0m, the length, the width and the height of each fixedly planting pit are respectively 60cm, 60cm and 50cm, after the fixedly planting pits are dug, birch pears are placed in the central positions of the pits, the root systems are spread, soil is backfilled, the soil is treaded by feet, the nursery stocks are lifted upwards lightly, the soil is backfilled, and the soil is treaded until the soil is leveled to the ground. Timely trenching after plantingIrrigation with water amount of 100m3And (6) righting and earthing up the nursery stock after water is settled.
(2) Grafting a semi-dwarfing interstock: taking out a new pear 9 scion branch collected in winter from a cold storage when the soil temperature rises again and grafting is started between 15 and 30 days 3 and 3 months 2015, selecting a full bud section, cutting the full bud section into a single bud section of 3-4 cm, cutting the lower part of the single bud section into an inclined plane of 2cm by using a cutter, and cutting the middle part of the inclined plane back upwards by using the cutter for one time; the method comprises the steps of cutting branches into flat openings at the position 40-50 cm high of a birch stock by scissors, cutting an inclined plane from bottom to top at the position 2cm high of the top, cutting an inclined cutting opening on the inclined plane from top to bottom by a cutter, inserting cut scions into the birch stock, aligning one side of the cut scions, tightly binding the opening by plastic cloth with the width of 2.0 cm, preventing water and air leakage, improving the survival rate, and timely erasing the buds germinated on the birch stock after grafting is completed.
(3) Grafting Korla bergamot pears: cutting off the stems of half-dwarfing interstock 'New Pear No. 9' at a height of 25-30 cm in 2016 years between 15-30 days, selecting Korla bergamot pear branches stored in a refrigeration house, cutting the Korla bergamot pear branches into single bud branch sections of 3-4 cm, and grafting by a 'tongue grafting method', wherein the specific method is the same as that in (2), and when the grafted Korla bergamot pear new tips grow to 40cm, the grafted Korla bergamot pear new tips are fixed by bamboo poles in time so as to be prevented from being cut off by wind.
Example 2
Planting method of Korla bergamot pears
Planting place: 29 Tuo 2 Liang Kuerle City, Xinjiang.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) planting the rootstock: planting stock in spring 2014, digging a planting pit, putting the nursery stock into the planting pit with the length, width and height of 60cm, 60cm and 50cm respectively, backfilling soil, and irrigating;
the method is characterized in that the rootstock is selected from the pyrus betulaefolia which grows for 1-2 years, has the ground diameter thickness of more than 1.0cm, the height of more than 1.2m and basically intact root systems. Growing the Chinese gooseberry to the ground diameter of 1.0cm in autumn in the same year;
(2) grafting Korla bergamot pears: grafting the Korla pear branches by adopting a branch grafting method in spring 2015.
Experiment 1
(1) The survey object: korla pears (6 years old) planted in examples 1 and 2;
(2) survey indexes are as follows: tree height, crown diameter, thickness of a main trunk of the bergamot pear, angle of a branch base, length of a branch, thickness of a branch group and single-plant fruiting amount;
(3) the statistical method comprises the following steps: investigating 10 plants to take an average value;
(4) as a result: as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Pear growth index comparison
From the data, the application of 'New Pear No. 9' as a semi-dwarfing anvil of Korla pear compared with a conventional tree in which the bergamot pear is grafted on a birch seedling has a remarkable dwarfing effect in terms of growth indicators such as tree height, tree crown diameter, trunk thickness, branch base angle, branch length, branch thickness and the like, and is shown in that the tree crown is shorter, the branches are thinner, the tree vigor is slower, and the number of fruits is larger; the new pear No. 9 is used as a semi-dwarfing stock of the Korla bergamot pear, has better grafting affinity with the bergamot pear and has no big and small feet. In addition, the lowest air temperature of the Korla region in 2017 and 2020 in winter is-17 to-23 ℃ every year, and the grafted pear tree does not have any freeze injury phenomenon. The winter-passing shows that the product has better cold resistance.
Comparative example 1
The 'Zhongkui No. 1' interstocks were introduced in the region of Kurler in 1995-1997 and all were frozen in spring in 2002.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A planting method of Korla bergamot pears is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) planting the rootstock: planting the stock in spring of the first year, digging a planting pit, putting the nursery stock into the planting pit for backfilling, and irrigating;
(2) grafting a semi-dwarfing interstock: grafting an interstock, namely 'New Pear No. 9', on the stock by a tongue grafting method in the middle and last 3 months in the next year;
(3) grafting Korla bergamot pears: and in spring of the third year, grafting the Korla bergamot pears by adopting a tongue grafting method at the position 25-30 cm high of the semi-dwarfing interstock.
2. The planting method of Korla bergamot pears in claim 1, wherein the stock in the step (1) is a birch pear seedling which grows for 1-2 years, has a ground diameter of more than 1.0cm, a height of more than 1.2m and a basically intact root system.
3. The planting method of Korla pears in claim 1, wherein the length, width and height of the planting pits in step (1) are 60cm, 60cm and 50cm respectively.
4. The method for planting Korla pears according to claim 1, wherein the row spacing of the plants planted in step (1) is 1m x 4 m.
5. The method for planting Korla pears according to claim 1, wherein the irrigation amount in step (1) is 100m3Per mu.
6. The planting method of Korla pears as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific operation of the step (2) is as follows:
(21) in the middle and last ten days of 3 months in the next year, cutting a new pear No. 9 scion branch into single bud sections of 3-4 cm, cutting the lower part into an inclined plane of 2cm, and cutting back upwards at the middle part of the inclined plane for one time;
(22) cutting branches into flat openings at the position 40-50 cm of the height of the stock, cutting an inclined plane from bottom to top at the position 2cm of the top, and cutting an inclined cut on the inclined plane from top to bottom;
(23) and (4) inserting the scion branch in the step (21) into the rootstock in the step (22), aligning, and tightly binding the port.
7. The method for planting Korla pears as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step (2) further comprises: after the grafting survives, the sprouts at the base parts of the stocks are removed in time.
8. The planting method of Korla pears as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific operation of the step (3) is as follows:
(31) in the middle and last ten days of the third year, cutting off the half-dwarfing interstock at a position 25-30 cm high by using scissors, cutting an inclined plane from bottom to top at a position 2cm from the top, and cutting an inclined knife edge from top to bottom on the inclined plane;
(32) cutting the grafting branches of the Korla bergamot pears into single bud branch sections of 3-4 cm, cutting the lower parts of the single bud branch sections into inclined planes of 2cm, and cutting back upwards at the middle parts of the inclined planes for a time;
(33) and (4) inserting the scion branch obtained in the step (32) into the semi-dwarfing intermediate stock obtained in the step (31), aligning, and tightly binding an interface.
9. The method for planting Korla pears as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step (3) further comprises: timely bud picking is carried out after grafting survival, a windproof rod is tied when the Korla pear grows to have a young sprout of 40cm, fertilizer is applied for 2-3 times in the growing season of the year, and water is filled for 5-7 times.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011064974.8A CN112136593B (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Planting method of Korla bergamot pears |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011064974.8A CN112136593B (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Planting method of Korla bergamot pears |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112136593A true CN112136593A (en) | 2020-12-29 |
| CN112136593B CN112136593B (en) | 2022-07-19 |
Family
ID=73952006
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011064974.8A Active CN112136593B (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Planting method of Korla bergamot pears |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112136593B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113396764A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-09-17 | 新疆生产建设兵团第二师农业科学研究所 | Simplified planting method for Korla bergamot pears |
| CN113875479A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-04 | 新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Cultivation method suitable for dwarf and close planting of Korla bergamot pears |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1563630A1 (en) * | 1988-02-29 | 1990-05-15 | Н.Ф.Серегин | Method of growing fruit trees |
| CN104137756A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-11-12 | 苏州市新泾村农业基地专业合作社 | Cultivation method for dwarf pear seedlings |
| CN104488568A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-04-08 | 河北农业大学 | Method for researching influence effect of pear interstock on scion |
| CN106879370A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-06-23 | 新疆生产建设兵团第二师农业科学研究所 | A kind of Propogation and culture method of pear tree |
-
2020
- 2020-09-30 CN CN202011064974.8A patent/CN112136593B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1563630A1 (en) * | 1988-02-29 | 1990-05-15 | Н.Ф.Серегин | Method of growing fruit trees |
| CN104137756A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-11-12 | 苏州市新泾村农业基地专业合作社 | Cultivation method for dwarf pear seedlings |
| CN104488568A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-04-08 | 河北农业大学 | Method for researching influence effect of pear interstock on scion |
| CN106879370A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-06-23 | 新疆生产建设兵团第二师农业科学研究所 | A kind of Propogation and culture method of pear tree |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 井春芝等: "库尔勒香梨矮化中间砧筛选试验初报", 《西北园艺》 * |
| 杨玉琼等: "香梨―新梨9号", 《新疆农垦科技》 * |
| 童德中等: "《果树育苗》", 30 June 1983, 山西人民出版社 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113396764A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-09-17 | 新疆生产建设兵团第二师农业科学研究所 | Simplified planting method for Korla bergamot pears |
| CN113875479A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-04 | 新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Cultivation method suitable for dwarf and close planting of Korla bergamot pears |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112136593B (en) | 2022-07-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US8186099B2 (en) | Method for producing propagating material to be used in tree cultivations of double-trunk type | |
| CN103270920A (en) | Kiwi seedling cultivation method | |
| CN113068562A (en) | Grafting method for dwarf apples | |
| CN110115190B (en) | Rapid breeding method for apple dwarf interstocks seedling in current year | |
| CN112136593B (en) | Planting method of Korla bergamot pears | |
| CN110612827A (en) | Grafting cultivation method suitable for dwarfing interstock apple seedlings of apples in alpine regions | |
| CN111011019A (en) | Grape grafting and seedling method | |
| CN104663348A (en) | Cultivation method for increasing resistance of fruit tree | |
| CN112243792A (en) | Method for planting grapes twice a year | |
| CN111657029A (en) | Improved cleft grafting jujube grafting cultivation method | |
| CN114711040B (en) | Chinese chestnut underground grafting method for promoting branching and improving yield | |
| CN107873288B (en) | Short low-temperature sweet cherry grafting seedling method | |
| CN105265193A (en) | Cauliflower grafting and seed reserving method | |
| CN113317112B (en) | Cherry tree sector shaping method | |
| CN112868463B (en) | Method for changing varieties in vineyard | |
| CN113141898B (en) | Grafting and seed changing method without influencing current year yield of grapes | |
| CN113317099A (en) | Cherry round-table type close planting cultivation technology suitable for greenhouse cultivation | |
| CN105103971A (en) | Propagation method for grafting melaleuca bracteata on guava | |
| CN106718096B (en) | Rapid garden building method for grafting and planting kiwi fruits | |
| SU1523117A1 (en) | Method of growing grape seedlings | |
| CN113950975B (en) | Grafting method for improving cold resistance of Hokkaido boxwood and realizing rapid forming | |
| CN114158369B (en) | Method for grafting and cutting integrated propagation of roots of courtyard China roses | |
| Yamada | Persimmon propagation, orchard planting, training and pruning in Japan | |
| Semin et al. | Evaluation of common quince of VNIISPK breeding as pear seedling rootstock for fruit production in Central Russia | |
| CN117751787A (en) | Cherry 2D tree shape shaping method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |