CN112055619B

CN112055619B - Double-shaft pulverizer

Info

Publication number: CN112055619B
Application number: CN201980027467.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 山村司; 松木博文
Original assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Environmental and Chemical Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Environmental and Chemical Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-06-12
Filing date: 2019-05-24
Publication date: 2022-05-31
Anticipated expiration: 2039-05-24
Also published as: JP6476532B1; TW202000307A; KR102471807B1; KR20200133777A; JP2019214013A; SG11202010431WA; CN112055619A; TWI704012B; WO2019239859A1

Abstract

A double-shaft crusher (1) of the present invention comprises: a pair of rotating shafts (7); a plurality of rotary blades (8) in which a part of the rotational locus of the rotary blade (8) mounted on the rotary shaft (7a) on one side overlaps with a part of the rotational locus of the rotary blade (8) mounted on the rotary shaft (7b) on the other side; a plurality of spacers (9) mounted on the respective rotary shafts (7); and a screen plate part (4). The screen plate part (4) is provided with: a roof section (23) extending in the axial direction (Da); a roof support base (24) for supporting the roof (23) from below; a screen blade support base (25) disposed at a distance from the roof support base (24) in the horizontal direction; a connecting part (26) for connecting the roof supporting seat (24) and the screen plate blade supporting seat (25), and an opening is arranged between the adjacent connecting parts (26); and a screen plate blade (29) which is mounted on the screen plate blade support base (25) and secondarily crushes the waste between the screen plate blade support base and the rotary blade (8).

Description

Double-shaft pulverizer

Technical Field

The invention relates to a double-shaft pulverizer.

The present application claims priority from japanese patent application No. 2018-111871 filed in japanese application at 12/6/2018, and the contents thereof are incorporated herein by reference.

Background

Conventionally, a pulverizer such as a twin-shaft pulverizer has been used as an apparatus for pulverizing waste such as wood (for example, wood for biomass power generation), bamboo, combustible waste, or incombustible waste. In a waste treatment facility (e.g., a garbage disposal plant), waste is first pulverized into a predetermined size (particle size) or less by a pulverizer, and then is put into an incinerator or the like for incineration.

The double-shaft pulverizer comprises: a pair of rotating shafts and a plurality of rotating blades mounted on the respective rotating shafts. The rotary blade has: a plurality of crushing blades arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction.

In a twin-shaft crusher, as a technique for preventing a long object such as bamboo from passing through between a pair of rotating shafts without being crushed, patent document 1 describes a technique in which a plurality of detachable crushing blades are attached.

Patent document 2 describes the following technique: the waste is crushed to a predetermined size or less by forming the tip of the rotary blade into a mountain shape and forming the screen plate into a valley shape along the rotation trajectory of the rotary blade.

Prior art documents

Patent document

Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2017-963

Patent document 2: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2004-249194

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved by the invention

However, although the techniques described in patent documents 1 and 2 can prevent the long objects from passing through, a method of more efficiently pulverizing the waste is desired.

For example, the technique described in patent document 1 does not necessarily achieve a desired particle size because the pulverization is performed only between a pair of rotating shafts. The technique described in patent document 2 does not perform grinding between a pair of rotating shafts, and does not take advantage of the advantages of the twin shafts.

The invention aims to provide a double-shaft crusher which can more efficiently crush waste to be less than a specified size.

Means for solving the technical problem

A twin screw crusher according to a first aspect of the present invention is a twin screw crusher for crushing waste, comprising: a pair of rotating shafts arranged in parallel with each other with a gap therebetween in the horizontal direction; a plurality of rotary blades attached to the respective rotary shafts at intervals in an axial direction of the rotary shafts, for primary crushing of the waste, and a part of a rotation locus of the rotary blade attached to one rotary shaft of the pair of rotary shafts overlaps with a part of a rotation locus of the rotary blade attached to the other rotary shaft when viewed in the axial direction; a plurality of spacers alternately attached to the respective rotary shafts in the axial direction with the rotary blades; and a screen plate portion disposed below the pair of rotating shafts, the screen plate portion including: a roof portion disposed between the pair of rotary shafts and extending in the axial direction; a roof support base that supports the roof from below and extends in the axial direction; a screen blade holder spaced apart from the roof holder in the horizontal direction, and having a main surface arranged parallel to a main surface of the roof holder in the width direction; a plurality of connecting portions for connecting the roof support base and the screen plate blade support base, and an opening being provided between adjacent connecting portions; and a screen blade attached to the screen blade support base in the width direction, the screen blade crushing the waste for the second time between the screen blade and the rotary blade passing above the screen blade, and the roof is disposed so as to cover a part of the opening.

According to this configuration, the waste can be efficiently pulverized to a predetermined size by primarily pulverizing the waste and secondarily pulverizing the waste, and the waste can be more rapidly pulverized to a predetermined particle size.

The twin-shaft crusher may include: a housing for accommodating the rotary shaft and the screen plate; a blade fixed to the housing and extending in the axial direction on a side surface of the rotary shaft, the blade including: a plate-shaped first blade piece disposed adjacent to the spacer so as to fill the gap between the housing and the spacer, and a second blade piece alternately overlapping the first blade piece in the axial direction and disposed adjacent to the rotary blade so as to fill the gap between the housing and the rotary blade; and a scraper blade attached to the second scraper and configured to crush the waste three times between the scraper blade and the rotary blade.

According to this configuration, the waste can be more efficiently pulverized to a predetermined size by pulverizing the waste three times in addition to the primary pulverization and the secondary pulverization.

In the above-described twin-shaft crusher, the rotary blade may have a plurality of crushing blades provided at intervals in a circumferential direction of the axis, each crushing blade may have a convex portion having a part protruding outward in a radial direction when viewed from the circumferential direction, and one of the screen plate blade and the scraper blade may have a concave portion through which the convex portion passes.

According to this configuration, waste can be crushed between the convex portion and the concave portion.

In the above-described twin-shaft crusher, the screen plate blade may further have an extension portion extending toward and adjacent to the spacer.

According to this structure, the waste can be prevented from passing between the spacer and the screen plate blade without being crushed.

The double-shaft pulverizer may include: and a plurality of outer connecting portions for connecting the casing and the screen plate blade support base, and a second opening is provided between adjacent outer connecting portions.

With this configuration, the space between the casing and the screen plate blade support base can function as a screen plate.

In the above-described twin-shaft crusher, at least one of the two screen plate blades and the scraper blade may be divided into a plurality of rotating blades corresponding to the plurality of rotating blades.

According to this structure, when the screen plate blade and the scraper blade are damaged due to abrasion or the like, they can be easily replaced.

Effects of the invention

According to the present invention, the waste can be efficiently pulverized to a predetermined size by performing primary pulverization and secondary pulverization, and the waste can be more rapidly pulverized to a predetermined particle size.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a twin-shaft pulverizer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the crushing mechanism, the sieve plate unit, and the scraper unit according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the twin-shaft crusher according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view IV-IV of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the blade of the crushing mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the rotary blade according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a plan view for explaining the shapes of the rotating blades, the spacers, and the scrapers adjacent in the width direction of the twin-shaft pulverizer according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a screen unit of an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a top view of a screen unit of an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a screen blade according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a first squeegee blade of an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a second squeegee blade of an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 13 is a sectional view of the blade edge of the embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the axial direction.

Fig. 14 is a view as viewed from the XIV arrow direction in fig. 13.

Fig. 15 is a perspective view of a blade edge according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a sectional view for explaining the operation of the twin-shaft crusher according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 17 is a plan view of a screen unit according to a first modification of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a perspective view of a crushing mechanism, a sieve plate unit, and a scraper unit according to a second modification of the present invention.

Fig. 19 is a plan view of a sieve unit according to a third modification of the present invention.

Fig. 20 is a plan view for explaining the shapes of the rotating blades, the spacers, and the scrapers adjacent in the width direction of the twin-shaft pulverizer according to the fourth modification of the present invention.

Fig. 21 is a plan view of a sieve unit according to a fifth modification of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, a biaxial crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

The twin-shaft pulverizer of the present embodiment is used to pulverize, for example: a pulverizer for pulverizing waste such as wood, bamboo, combustible waste, and incombustible waste into a pulverized material having a predetermined size (length, particle size) or less. The twin-shaft crusher of the present embodiment is particularly suitable for crushing wood and bamboo containing a large amount of long waste.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, and 4, the twin-shaft pulverizer 1 includes: a pair of crushing mechanisms 3 having a rotary blade 8; a screen plate unit 4 (screen plate portion) for receiving the crushed material crushed by the pair of crushing mechanisms 3 and dropping the crushed material having a predetermined size or less to the lower side; a pair of squeegee units 5; and a casing 2 for housing the crushing mechanism 3, the sieve plate unit 4, and the scraper unit 5. In fig. 1, the drive device 10 constituting the crushing mechanism 3 is not shown, and in fig. 2, the housing 2 is not shown.

A plurality of screen plate blades 29 are provided in the screen plate unit 4, and the waste is crushed between the plurality of screen plate blades 29 and the plurality of rotary blades 8 of the crushing mechanism 3. A plurality of scraper blades 35 are provided in the scraper unit 5, and the waste is crushed between the plurality of scraper blades 35 and the plurality of rotary blades 8 of the crushing mechanism 3. In the following description, the pulverization by the pulverization mechanism 3 is referred to as primary pulverization; the pulverization performed between the rotary blade 8 and the screen blade 29 is referred to as secondary pulverization; the pulverization between the rotary blade 8 and the blade 35 is referred to as tertiary pulverization.

Each of the crushing mechanisms 3 includes: a rotary shaft 7, a plurality of rotary blades 8 attached to the rotary shaft 7, a plurality of spacers 9 attached to the rotary shaft 7, and a driving device 10 such as a motor for rotationally driving the rotary shaft 7. Hereinafter, the rotary shaft 7 of one of the pulverizing mechanisms 3 is referred to as a first rotary shaft 7a, and the rotary shaft 7 of the other pulverizing mechanism 3 is referred to as a second rotary shaft 7 b.

A pair of rotating shafts 7 extending in the horizontal direction and parallel to each other and rotatable about the axis a are disposed inside the housing 2.

The axis a1 of the first rotating shaft 7a and the axis a2 of the second rotating shaft 7b are arranged at a distance in the horizontal direction. In the following description, the direction along the axis a will be simply referred to as the axis direction Da. The horizontal direction orthogonal to the axial direction Da is referred to as a width direction Y.

The first rotation shaft 7a and the second rotation shaft 7b are driven by a drive device 10. And the first rotation shaft 7a is set to rotate in the direction of T1 in fig. 4 (rightward rotation), and the second rotation shaft 7b is set to rotate in the direction of T2 in fig. 4 (leftward rotation). That is, the waste is set to pass between the first rotating shaft 7a and the second rotating shaft 7b in a downward direction.

The first and

second rotation shafts

7a and 7b can rotate not only in the direction T1 and the direction T2 in fig. 4 but also in the opposite direction. For example: even when the drive device 10 is subjected to a large load during the pulverization, the rotary shaft 7 can be rotated in the opposite direction.

The drive device 10 can set the rotational speed of the output shaft at will. The drive device 10 can rotate the rotary shaft 7 at a set rotation speed.

The twin-shaft pulverizer 1 rotates the first rotating shaft 7a at a high speed and rotates the second rotating shaft 7b at a lower speed than the first rotating shaft 7 a. The first rotation shaft 7a has a rotation speed different from that of the second rotation shaft 7b, and the first rotation shaft 7a has a rotation speed higher than that of the second rotation shaft 7 b.

The two rotary shafts 7 may be driven by using one driving device 10 and a gear mechanism for transmitting the driving force of the driving device 10 to the two rotary shafts 7. That is, a single drive device 10 may be used to drive the pair of rotary shafts 7.

The plurality of rotary blades 8 are attached to the rotary shaft 7 in the axial direction Da at intervals. The plurality of spacers 9 are attached between the rotary blades 8 adjacent in the axial direction Da. The rotary blades 8 and the spacers 9 are alternately arranged in the axial direction Da. The width (thickness) of the rotary blade 8 in the axial direction Da is the same as the width of the spacer 9 in the axial direction Da.

As shown in fig. 4, the cross-sectional shape of the rotary shaft 7 is hexagonal. The rotary shaft 7 is rotated about the axis a by a drive device 10. The cross-sectional shape of the rotating shaft 7 may be polygonal, for example: or may be square. The rotating shaft 7 may have a circular cross section, and the spacer 9 and the rotary blade 8 may be fixed to the rotating shaft 7 by a pin.

The rotary blade 8 has: a saucer portion 11 (blade support base); and a plurality of blades 12 detachably mounted on the outer periphery of the saucer portion 11 and arranged in a circumferential direction of the axis a. The rotary blade 8 of the present embodiment has 6 blade portions 12 (crushing blades 14) provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the axis a. The blade 12 is attached to the disk portion 11 by a bolt 19 (see fig. 5).

The disk portion 11 has a hexagonal center hole 11b corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the rotary shaft 7. The rotary shaft 7 is inserted through the center hole 11b of the disk portion 11.

The disk portion 11 has a substantially hexagonal shape when viewed in the axial direction Da. The blades 12 are attached to 6 end faces 11a of the disk portion 11 facing radially outward.

As shown in fig. 5, a step portion 11c having an engaging surface 11d facing the circumferential direction of the axis a is formed on 6 end surfaces 11a facing the radial outer side of the disc portion 11. A step portion 12c is formed on the contact surface 12a of the blade portion 12 that contacts the end surface 11a of the disk portion 11, and the step portion 12c has an engagement surface 12d facing in the circumferential direction of the axis a.

The stepped portion 11c of the disk portion 11 and the stepped portion 12c of the blade portion 12 are engaged with each other by surface-contacting the respective engaging

surfaces

11d, 12 d.

The blade 12 has a crushing blade 14 projecting radially outward of the axis a. The crushing blade 14 has: a forward inclined surface 14a facing forward in the rotation direction R; the front end 17 of the crushing blade 14; and a relief surface 14b extending rearward from the front end 17 when viewed in the rotational direction R.

The abutment surface 12a of the blade 12 and the end surface 11a of the disk 11 are aligned by inserting and fitting a cylindrical pin 15 having substantially the same diameter into a pin hole 12e formed in the abutment surface 12a of the blade 12 and a pin hole 11e formed in the end surface 11a of the disk 11.

As shown in fig. 4, when viewed from the axis a direction, a part of the rotation locus L81 of the tip end of the rotary blade 8 attached to the first rotation shaft 7a overlaps with a part of the rotation locus L82 of the tip end of the rotary blade 8 attached to the second rotation shaft 7 b.

In other words, as shown in fig. 7, the maximum outer diameter D8 of the rotary blade 8 is larger than the axial distance DA between the first rotary shaft 7a and the second rotary shaft 7 b.

The rotary blade 8 attached to the first rotary shaft 7a and the rotary blade 8 attached to the second rotary shaft 7b are arranged such that: are offset from each other in the axial direction Da.

The spacer 9 attached to the second rotation shaft 7b is disposed beside the rotary blade 8 attached to the first rotation shaft 7a in the width direction Y, and the rotary blade 8 attached to the second rotation shaft 7b is disposed beside the spacer 9 attached to the first rotation shaft 7a in the width direction Y.

As shown in fig. 2 and 6, the crushing blade 14 (the rotary blade 8) has a crushing blade convex portion 16 (a convex portion) that partially (partially) protrudes outward in the radial direction when viewed from the circumferential direction of the axis a. The crushing blade convex portion 16 of the crushing blade 14 of the present embodiment is formed so that the central portion in the axial direction Da is sharp (mountain-shaped). The grinding blade convex portion 16 is formed such that the thickness in the axial direction Da becomes gradually thinner toward the radially outer side.

The grinding blade projection 16 includes: a leading end 17 extending in the circumferential direction; and a pair of crushing blade slopes 18 for connecting the tip 17 and the main surfaces of the crushing blades 14. A pair of crushing blade slopes 18 intersect at the front end 17. The angle formed by the pair of crushing blade slopes 18 can be set to, for example: 80 to 100.

As shown in fig. 3 and 7, the spacer 9 has, when viewed from the circumferential direction of the axis a: and a spacer concave portion 20 that is concave radially inward at a central portion in the axial direction Da. The spacer concave portion 20 is formed by a pair of spacer slopes 21 that gradually decrease in diameter toward the central portion in the axial direction Da.

As shown in fig. 2, 4, 8, and 9, the screen unit 4 includes: a roof portion 23 extending in the axial direction Da below the pair of rotary shafts 7 and receiving the pulverized material that has been pulverized once and falls between the pair of pulverization mechanisms 3; a roof support base 24 that supports the roof portion 23 from below and extends in the axial direction Da; a pair of deck blade support blocks 25 arranged parallel to the roof support blocks 24; a plurality of coupling portions 26 that connect the roof support 24 and the screen blade support 25; and a screen blade 29 mounted on the screen blade support base 25.

The coupling portion 26 has: a pair of first connecting portions 27 disposed at both ends in the axial direction Da; and a plurality of second coupling portions 28 arranged between the pair of first coupling portions 27. The screen unit 4 has: and a frame 30 formed by the pair of first connecting portions 27 and the pair of screen blade support seats 25. By fixing the frame 30 to the casing 2, the screen unit 4 is thereby fixed to the casing 2.

The roof portion 23 extends in the axial direction Da below the pair of crushing mechanisms 3. The roof portion 23 is disposed between the pair of rotary shafts 7 when viewed from above. The roof portion 23 is disposed at a position where the pulverized material pulverized by the pair of pulverization mechanisms 3 falls.

The roof 23 is in the shape of a gable roof having: and a pair of inclined surfaces 23b which are gradually inclined and reduced outward in the width direction Y from the ridge line 23a extending in the axial direction Da. That is, the pair of inclined surfaces 23b of the roof portion 23 are inclined so as to be lowered outward in the width direction Y.

The roof receiver 24 is a rectangular plate-like member whose main surface faces in the width direction Y. The upper end of roof support base 24 is connected to roof portion 23 near ridge line 23 a.

The screen blade support base 25 is a rectangular plate-like member whose main surface faces in the width direction Y, similarly to the roof support base 24. The screen blade support base 25 is configured to: spaced apart horizontally from roof support 24 and parallel to roof support 24.

Second coupling portion 28 is a plate-shaped member arranged as follows: the main surface of which faces the axial direction Da and intersects the main surfaces of the roof support 24 and the deck blade support 25. The second coupling portions 28 are disposed at intervals in the axial direction Da. Between second coupling portions 28 adjacent in the axial direction Da, an opening 31a through which the pulverized material having a predetermined size or smaller passes is provided. The opening 31a is rectangular when viewed from above. The size of the opening 31a can be appropriately changed in accordance with the size (particle size) of the pulverized material discharged from the sieve unit 4.

The roof 23 is disposed so as to cover a part of the opening 31 a. The width of the roof portion 23 in the width direction Y can be changed according to conditions such as the nature and shape of the pulverized material and the area of the opening 31a that is reduced by the roof portion 23.

The screen blade 29 is fixed to the screen blade support 25, and secondarily crushes the crushed material that has not fallen from the opening 31a and stays above the screen unit 4 in cooperation with the rotary blade 8. The screen blade 29 is divided into a plurality of pieces corresponding to the rotary blade 8. The screen blade 29 is a plate-shaped member having a main surface facing in the width direction Y. The screen plate blade 29 is fixed to an outer surface (surface facing outward in the width direction Y) of the screen plate blade support base 25 by a fastening member such as a bolt 41.

As shown in fig. 10, the screen plate blade 29 is formed with a screen plate blade concave portion 39 through which the crushing blade convex portion 16 of the rotary blade 8 passes. The screen blade recess 39 includes: a pair of screen plate blade slopes 40 corresponding to the crushing blade slopes 18 of the crushing blade projections 16. The screen plate edge slope 40 is disposed with a slight gap from the rotation locus of the crushing edge slope 18.

As shown in fig. 2, 3, and 4, the squeegee unit 5 includes: a scraper 32 fixed to the side wall 2a of the housing 2, extending in the axial direction Da on the side of the rotary shaft 7, and protruding toward the rotary blade 8 and the spacer 9; and a squeegee edge 35 mounted on the squeegee 32.

The scraper 32 is used to prevent the waste from falling between the rotary blade 8 and the housing 2 or to scrape the waste caught by the rotary blade 8.

The blade 32 has: a plurality of first blade pieces 33 in a plate shape and corresponding to the spacers 9; and a plurality of second blade pieces 34 having a plate shape and corresponding to the rotary blade 8. The first blade sheet 33 is disposed close to the spacer 9 so as to fill the space between the casing 2 and the spacer 9. The second blade piece 34 is disposed close to the rotary blade 8 so as to fill the space between the housing 2 and the rotary blade 8. The squeegee 32 is formed by alternately overlapping the first squeegee sheet 33 and the second squeegee sheet 34 in the axial direction Da.

As shown in fig. 11, the first blade sheet 33 has: a first upper side surface 42 facing upward and decreasing as the distance from the side wall 2a of the housing 2 increases; and a first lower side surface 43 facing downward and rising as it gets farther from the side wall 2a of the housing 2. The first upper side surface 42 and the first lower side surface 43 both extend to the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface of the spacer 9.

The first squeegee blade 33 is provided with a squeegee convex portion 46 corresponding to the spacer concave portion 20 of the spacer 9. The squeegee projections 46 are curved so as to follow the outer peripheral surface of the spacer 9 (spacer recesses 20). The squeegee convex portion 46 has: a leading end 47 extending in the circumferential direction; and a pair of squeegee tab bevels 48 connecting the leading end 47 and the main surface of the first squeegee blade 33.

As shown in fig. 12, the second blade sheet 34 has: a second upper side surface 44 facing upward and descending as it goes farther from the side wall 2a of the housing 2; and a second lower surface 45 facing downward and rising as it goes farther from the side wall 2a of the housing 2. Both the second upper side 44 and the second lower side 45 extend to the vicinity of the rotation locus of the crushing blade 14 of the rotating blade 8.

The second scraper blade 34 is provided with a scraper recess 49 corresponding to the grinding edge protrusion 16 of the rotary blade 8. The blade recess 49 is curved so as to follow the rotation locus of the rotary blade 8. The blade recess 49 is formed by a pair of blade recess slopes 50, and the blade recess slopes 50 extend in a direction away from the nearest axis a as they approach the center portion in the axis direction Da.

The first and second

doctor blade pieces

33, 34 are formed as follows: when the first squeegee piece 33 and the second squeegee piece 34 are alternately overlapped in the axial direction Da, the first upper side face 42 and the second upper side face 44 are arranged on the same plane, and the first lower side face 43 and the second lower side face 45 are arranged on the same plane.

As shown in fig. 13 and 14, the scraper blade 35 is attached to the second lower surface 45 of the second scraper blade 34, and the waste is crushed three times in cooperation with the rotary blade 8. The scraper blade 35 is divided into a plurality of parts corresponding to the rotary blade 8. The blade edge 35 is a plate-shaped member, and is fixed to the second lower surface 45 of the second blade piece 34 by a fastening member such as a bolt 41.

As shown in fig. 15, the blade 35 is formed with blade recesses 51 corresponding to the grinding blade protrusions 16 of the rotary blade 8. The blade recess 51 has a pair of blade slopes 52 corresponding to the crushing blade slopes 18 of the crushing blade projections 16.

As shown in fig. 7, the spacer 9 and the rotating blade 8 are formed in the following manner: when the crushing blade convex portion 16 of the rotary blade 8 is closest to the spacer concave portion 20 of the spacer 9, only a slight gap G is provided between the spacer inclined surface 21 and the crushing blade inclined surface 18. That is, the rotation locus of the crushing blade convex portion 16 of the rotary blade 8 and the spacer concave portion 20 of the spacer 9 form a complementary shape.

The spacer 9 and the first doctor blade 33 are formed in the following manner: only a slight clearance is provided between the spacer inclined surface 21 of the spacer 9 and the squeegee convex inclined surface 48 of the first squeegee piece 33. That is, the spacer concave portion 20 of the spacer 9 and the squeegee convex portion 46 of the first squeegee blade 33 constitute complementary shapes.

The rotating edge 8 and the second doctor blade bar 34 are formed in the following manner: when the crushing edge convex portion 16 of the rotary blade 8 is closest to the blade concave portion 49 of the second blade piece 34, only a slight gap is provided between the crushing edge inclined surface 18 and the blade concave portion inclined surface 50. That is, the rotation locus of the crushing blade convex portion 16 of the rotating blade 8 during rotation and the blade concave portion 49 of the second blade piece 34 form a shape complementary to each other.

As shown in part P in fig. 2, the rotary blade 8 and the screen blade 29 are formed as follows: when the crushing blade convex portion 16 of the rotary blade 8 is closest to the sieve plate blade concave portion 39 of the sieve plate blade 29, only a slight gap is provided between the crushing blade slope 18 and the sieve plate blade slope 40.

Likewise, the rotary blade 8 and the scraper blade 35 are formed as follows: when the grinding edge convex portion 16 of the rotary blade 8 and the blade edge concave portion 51 of the blade 35 are closest to each other, only a slight gap is provided between the grinding edge slope 18 and the blade edge slope 52.

The clearance between the rotary blade 8 and the screen plate blade 29 and the clearance between the rotary blade 8 and the scraper blade 35 are smaller than the clearance between the spacer 9 and the scraper 32 and the clearance between the rotary blade 8 and the scraper 32.

As shown in fig. 16, in the twin-screw shredder 1 having the above-described configuration, when the waste W1 is fed into the housing 2, the waste W1 is shredded once by the rotary blade 8 of the first rotary shaft 7a rotating in the direction T1 and the rotary blade 8 of the second rotary shaft 7b rotating in the direction T2 which is opposite to the direction T1. The pulverized material W2 is discharged below the pair of rotary shafts 7 and falls onto the roof 23. The crushed material W2 falling onto the roof portion 23 is guided to either side in the width direction Y by the inclined surface 23 b. The crushed material W2 having become a predetermined size or less among the crushed materials W2 falls downward through the opening 31a of the screen unit 4. That is, the pulverized material W2 having become equal to or smaller than the predetermined size is discharged from the twin screw pulverizer 1 without being pulverized again.

On the other hand, the crushed material W2 that has not fallen from the opening 31a and has remained on the screen unit 4 is guided between the screen blade 29 and the rotary blade 8 with the rotation of the rotary shaft 7, and is crushed again. That is, in the twin-screw pulverizer 1 of the present embodiment, the pulverized material W2 after being pulverized (primarily pulverized) by the pair of pulverizing mechanisms 3 is further pulverized.

The crushed material W2 discharged to the outside of the screen unit 4 after the secondary crushing falls downward through the opening 31b between the screen unit 4 and the casing 2. Wherein, for example, not falling from the opening 31b between the screen unit 4 and the casing 2: the pulverized material W2 sandwiched between the pulverizing blades 14 of the rotary blade 8 is introduced between the blade 35 and the rotary blade 8, and pulverized three times.

According to the above configuration, the waste can be efficiently crushed into a predetermined size by performing the primary crushing by the crushing mechanism 3 and the secondary crushing by the screen plate blade 29, and the waste can be more quickly crushed into a predetermined particle size.

Further, by performing the three-time pulverization by the blade 35, the pulverization efficiency can be improved.

That is, the crushing blade convex portion 16 is provided on the crushing blade 14 of the rotary blade 8, and the sieve plate blade 29 and the scraper blade 35 corresponding to the crushing blade 14 are provided on the sieve plate unit 4 and the scraper 32, whereby the crushed material can be further crushed.

The sieve plate blade 29 and the scraper blade 35 are divided in correspondence with the rotary blade 8, and thus, for example: when the screen blade 29 or the scraper blade 35 is worn out, only a necessary portion can be replaced. That is, the operating cost of the twin screw crusher 1 can be reduced.

Further, by adopting a structure in which the screen plate blade 29 is fixed to the outside of the screen plate blade support base 25, it is possible to facilitate both attachment and detachment of the screen plate blade 29.

In the above embodiment, the screen plate unit 4 is provided with the screen plate blades 29 to perform the secondary pulverization, and the scraper unit 5 is provided with the scraper blades 35 to perform the tertiary pulverization. For example: the squeegee blade 35 may not be provided on the squeegee unit 5.

In the above embodiment, the screen plate blade 29 is provided with the screen plate blade recess 39, and the scraper blade 35 is provided with the scraper blade recess 51, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. At least one of the screen blade 29 and the scraper blade 35 may be formed in a simple shape without a recess.

[ first modification ]

A pulverizer according to a first modification of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Note that, in this modification, differences from the above-described embodiment will be mainly described, and descriptions of the same portions will be omitted.

As shown in fig. 17, the screen plate blade 29B of the present modification includes: the screen plate edge convex portion 54 (extending portion) which is adjacent to the screen plate edge concave portion 39, extends toward the spacer 9, and is close to the spacer 9. The screen plate lip 54 extends to the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface of the spacer 9. The screen blade projection 54 includes: a pair of screen plate edge protrusion inclined surfaces 56 formed to have a slight gap from the spacer inclined surface 21, and a tip end 55.

According to the above modification, the waste can be prevented from passing between the spacer 9 and the screen plate edge 29 without being crushed.

[ second modification ]

A pulverizer according to a second modification of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Note that, in this modification, differences from the above embodiment will be mainly described, and descriptions of the same portions will be omitted.

As shown in fig. 18, the screen plate blade 29C of the present modification is integrally formed. That is, the sieve plate blade 29C of the present modification is not divided in correspondence with the rotary blade 8.

According to the above modification, the rigidity of the screen plate blade 29C and, in turn, the rigidity of the screen plate unit 4 can be increased. Further, the number of bolts 41 for fixing the screen blade 29C to the screen blade support base 25 can be reduced.

The screen plate blade 29B in the first modification may be integrally formed in the same manner as the screen plate blade 29C in the second modification.

[ third modification ]

A pulverizer according to a third modification of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Note that, the present modification is mainly described with respect to differences from the above-described embodiment, and descriptions of the same portions are omitted.

As shown in fig. 19, the screen plate blade 29 of the present modification is fixed to the inside of the screen plate blade support base 25, in contrast to the structure of the embodiment in which the screen plate blade 29 is fixed to the outside of the screen plate blade support base 25. That is, the screen plate blade 29 of the present modification is fixed to the surfaces of the pair of screen plate blade support bases 25 that face each other.

According to the above modification, when the screen plate blade 29 receives the torque of the rotary blade 8, the screen plate blade 29 is supported by the screen plate blade support base 25 (frame). This prevents the screen blade 29 from falling off due to the torque received by the rotary blade 8, and reduces the number of bolts 41.

The screen plate blade 29B according to the first modification may be fixed to the inside of the screen plate blade support base 25, or the screen plate blade 29 fixed to the inside of the screen plate blade support base 25 may be an integrally formed screen plate blade 29.

[ fourth modification ]

A pulverizer according to a fourth modification of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Note that, this modification is mainly explained about differences from the above-described embodiment, and explanations of the same portions are omitted.

As shown in fig. 20, the crushing blade 14 of the rotary blade 8 of the present modification has a crushing blade convex portion 16A having a rectangular shape when viewed from the circumferential direction of the axis a.

The spacer 9 of the present modification includes: a rectangular spacer concave portion 20A corresponding to the rotation locus of the crushing blade convex portion 16A. Similarly, the second blade sheet 34 of the present modification includes: a rectangular blade concave portion 49A corresponding to the rotation locus of the grinding blade convex portion 16A, and the first blade piece 33 includes: rectangular squeegee projections 46A corresponding to the spacer recesses 20A. Although not shown, the screen plate blade concave portions 39A of the screen plate blades 29 and the scraper blade concave portions 51A of the scraper blades 35 are also rectangular in shape corresponding to the rectangular crushing blade convex portions 16A.

According to the above modification, the waste can be crushed by positively utilizing the space between the rotary blade 8 and the scraper 32.

[ fifth modification ]

A pulverizer according to a fifth modification of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Note that, in this modification, differences from the above-described embodiment will be mainly described, and descriptions of the same portions will be omitted.

As shown in fig. 21, in the present modification, the screen blade support base 25 and the side wall 2a of the casing 2 are connected by a plurality of outer connecting portions 58. By providing the plurality of outer connecting portions 58, a plurality of second openings 31c are formed between the screen blade support base 25 and the casing 2. That is, the twin-screw crusher of the present modification is also provided with a sieve plate between the sieve plate unit 4 and the casing 2.

The outer connecting portion 58 is a plate-shaped member, and is arranged as follows: the main surface of the cutter blade holder faces the axial direction Da and intersects with the main surfaces of the sieve plate blade holder 25 and the side wall 2 a. The outer connecting portions 58 are disposed at intervals in the axial direction Da. Between the outer connecting portions 58 adjacent in the axial direction Da, a second opening 31c through which the pulverized material having a predetermined size or smaller passes is provided. The size of the second opening 31c can be changed as appropriate.

According to the above modification, the space between the casing and the screen plate blade support base can function as a screen plate.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to the embodiment, and various design changes and the like may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Industrial applicability

According to the above-described twin-shaft pulverizer, the waste can be pulverized into a predetermined size efficiently by performing primary pulverization and secondary pulverization on the waste, and the waste can be pulverized into a predetermined particle size more quickly.

Description of the symbols

1-double shaft crusher, 2-housing, 2 a-side wall, 3-crushing mechanism, 4-sieve plate unit (sieve plate part), 5-scraper unit, 7-rotation axis, 7 a-first rotation axis, 7 b-second rotation axis, 8-rotation blade, 9-spacer, 10-driving device, 11-dish part, 11 a-end face, 11 b-center hole, 11 c-step part, 11 d-engaging face, 12-blade part, 12 a-abutting face, 12 c-step part, 12 d-engaging face, 14-crushing blade, 14 a-front face, 14 b-rear face, 15-bolt, 16-crushing blade convex part, 17-front end, 18-crushing blade inclined face, 19-bolt, 20-spacer concave part, 21-spacer ramp, 23-roof, 23 a-ridge, 23B-ramp, 24-roof support, 25-screen blade support, 26-link, 27-first link, 28-second link, 29-screen blade, 29B-screen blade, 29C-screen blade, 30-frame, 31a, 31B-opening, 31C-second opening, 32-scraper, 33-first scraper blade, 34-second scraper blade, 35-scraper blade, 39-screen blade recess, 40-screen blade ramp, 41-bolt, 42-first upper flank, 43-first lower flank, 44-second upper flank, 45-second lower flank, 46-scraper blade projection, 47-nose, 48-scraper blade projection, 49-scraper concave, 50-scraper concave slope, 51-scraper concave, 52-scraper edge slope, 54-sieve edge convex, 55-tip, 56-sieve edge convex slope, 58-outside link, a (a1, a2) -axis, Da-axis direction, G-gap, Y-width direction.

Claims

1. A double-shaft crusher for crushing waste, comprising:

a pair of rotating shafts arranged in parallel with each other with a gap therebetween in the horizontal direction;

a plurality of rotary blades attached to the respective rotary shafts at intervals in an axial direction of the rotary shafts, for primary crushing of the waste, and a part of a rotation locus of the rotary blade attached to one rotary shaft of the pair of rotary shafts overlaps with a part of a rotation locus of the rotary blade attached to the other rotary shaft when viewed in the axial direction;

a plurality of spacers alternately attached to the respective rotary shafts in the axial direction with the rotary blades; and

a screen part disposed below the pair of rotating shafts,

wherein the screen plate portion includes:

a roof portion disposed between the pair of rotary shafts and extending in the axial direction;

a roof support base that supports the roof from below and extends in the axial direction;

a screen blade holder spaced apart from the roof holder in the horizontal direction, and having a main surface arranged parallel to a main surface of the roof holder in the width direction;

a plurality of connecting portions for connecting the roof support base and the screen plate blade support base, and an opening being provided between the adjacent connecting portions; and

a screen plate blade attached to the screen plate blade support base in the width direction, the screen plate blade and the rotary blade passing above the screen plate blade crushing the waste which has not fallen from the opening for a second time;

the roof is disposed so as to cover a part of the opening.

2. The twin-shaft pulverizer according to claim 1, comprising:

a housing for accommodating the rotary shaft and the screen plate;

a scraper fixed to the housing and extending in the axial direction on a side surface of the rotary shaft, the scraper including: a plate-shaped first blade piece disposed close to the spacer so as to fill the gap between the housing and the spacer, and a second blade piece alternately overlapping the first blade piece in the axial direction and disposed close to the rotary blade so as to fill the gap between the housing and the rotary blade; and

and a scraper blade attached to the second scraper blade, and configured to crush the waste three times between the scraper blade and the rotary blade.

3. The twin-shaft crusher according to claim 2, wherein the rotary blade has a plurality of crushing blades provided at intervals in a circumferential direction of the axis, each crushing blade has a convex portion having a part protruding radially outward when viewed from the circumferential direction, and at least one of the screen plate blade and the scraper blade has a concave portion through which the convex portion passes.

4. The twin screw shredder according to claim 3, wherein the screen plate edge further has an extension extending toward and proximate to the spacer.

5. A twin screw crusher according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein a plurality of outer connecting portions are provided for connecting said casing and said sieve plate blade support base, and a second opening is provided between adjacent outer connecting portions.

6. The twin-shaft crusher according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein at least one of the screen plate blade and the scraper blade is divided into a plurality of rotating blades corresponding to the plurality of rotating blades.

7. The twin-shaft crusher of claim 5, wherein at least one of the screen plate blade and the scraper blade is divided into individual rotating blades corresponding to the plurality of rotating blades.