CN112046192B - Wheel noise reduction method and composite damping noise reduction device - Google Patents
Wheel noise reduction method and composite damping noise reduction device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112046192B CN112046192B CN202010988439.5A CN202010988439A CN112046192B CN 112046192 B CN112046192 B CN 112046192B CN 202010988439 A CN202010988439 A CN 202010988439A CN 112046192 B CN112046192 B CN 112046192B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B19/00—Wheels not otherwise provided for or having characteristics specified in one of the subgroups of this group
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/162—Selection of materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2900/00—Purpose of invention
- B60B2900/10—Reduction of
- B60B2900/133—Noise
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Abstract
The invention relates to a noise reduction method for a wheel, which is characterized in that according to the vibration mode of the wheel, the vibration modes of a spoke and a rim are absorbed and reduced by arranging a noise reduction plate on the spoke and arranging a damper between the rim and a wheel core, so that the omnibearing vibration reduction and noise reduction effect of the wheel is realized. The invention also provides a composite damping noise reduction device, which comprises a magnetic composite noise reduction plate arranged on the spoke and a partition plate damper arranged between the rim and the wheel core, wherein the magnetic composite noise reduction plate is used for absorbing and reducing the noise generated by the spoke, and the partition plate damper is used for absorbing and reducing the noise generated by the rim.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wheel noise reduction method, in particular to a wheel noise reduction method and a composite damping noise reduction device.
Background
With the continuous expansion of railway networks and the continuous improvement of passenger comfort requirements in China, the noise problem caused by train operation becomes more and more prominent. When a train runs, wheels roll on the track, and due to the fact that the tread of the wheel track is uneven, modal vibration response of the wheels is excited, strong vibration and structural noise are generated, and the strong vibration and the structural noise are radiated to air and transmitted through the surfaces of the wheels. Meanwhile, in a curve line section, due to the action of centrifugal force, flanges of train wheels generate friction with the side faces of the steel rails to cause friction squeaking of wheel rails, and the rolling and friction squeaking sounds become main noise sources of the rail train. In order to improve the noise condition of the train and reduce the influence of the train on passengers and the environment, certain measures for reducing vibration and noise are required to be taken for wheels.
The prior art for reducing noise of the current wheel mainly comprises the following four types: the wheel damper, the wheel noise reduction plate, the wheel noise reduction ring and the elastic wheel are all structures or parts which are added with elastic damping vibration reduction on the wheel to reduce radiation noise. Among the closest prior art to the present invention are wheel dampers and noise reduction plates.
Through patent retrieval, the following patents mainly exist, which have a certain relationship with the invention:
1. the damping layer filling method is characterized in that the damping layer filling method is provided with an application number of 201710981813.7, an application date of 2017.10.20, a publication number of CN 107584705A and a publication date of 2018.01.16, the damping layer filling method is named as a wheel noise reduction block, a positioning structure and the wheel noise reduction block, and the application is a Chinese invention patent of ' New Material science and technology Limited company in Zhou province ' in the name of ' the patent, the damping material is filled into a gap layer of a sandwich structure of the wheel noise reduction block in a vulcanization bonding mode to form the damping layer, and the positioning block is used for positioning a constraint layer of the sandwich structure during vulcanization bonding so as to avoid deformation of the constraint layer during vulcanization; during vulcanization, the positioning block is arranged at the edge of the sandwich structure, and part of the positioning block extends into the space layer to provide supporting and positioning for the restraint layer, so that the deformation of the sandwich structure in the vulcanization process is avoided. The invention adopts a vulcanization molding mode, ensures the bonding strength between the damping layer and the sandwich structure, and the uniformity and the aesthetic degree of the damping layer, adopts the positioning block to position and control the constrained layer of the sandwich structure during vulcanization filling, and avoids the problem of deformation of the constrained layer and the mounting plate caused by large end degree of freedom in the vulcanization process to cause uneven thickness of the damping layer, thereby ensuring the manufacturing quality and the size deviation of the wheel noise reduction block, and improving the vibration and noise reduction effect.
2. The invention discloses a wheel noise reduction method and a multilayer wheel noise reduction block, wherein the wheel noise reduction method is characterized in that the wheel noise reduction method is provided with the multilayer wheel noise reduction block for reducing vibration and reducing noise, an installation plate is arranged in the multilayer wheel noise reduction block, a hole I and a hole II are respectively arranged at two ends of the installation plate, bolts at two ends respectively pass through the hole I and the hole II and are screwed on the wheel, a first outer constraint layer is arranged at one side of the multilayer wheel noise reduction block close to an axle, a suspension-shaped inner constraint layer is arranged between the installation plate and the first outer constraint layer, a hollow core shaft passes through the suspension-shaped inner constraint layer, and one end of the core shaft is contacted with the installation plate, the other end of dabber contacts with first outer restraint layer, and suspension form inner restraint layer is vulcanized through damping layer and is bonded between mounting panel and first outer restraint layer, screws into on the circumference inside of wheel after passing first outer restraint layer, dabber and mounting panel through the middle part bolt to connect the middle part of the piece of making an uproar falls in multilayer formula wheel on the wheel.
3. The invention relates to a dynamic vibration absorption type wheel noise reduction block which is provided with an application number of 201710981730.8, an application date of 2017.10.20, a publication number of CN107696789A and a publication number of 2018.01.16, is named as a dynamic vibration absorption type wheel noise reduction block and a noise reduction method and is invented by China patent of 'New Material science and technology Limited company in the era of Odonghai' of China. During the operation of the wheel, under the excitation action of an external force, severe resonance can be caused, and the external excitation is very complicated, so that the vibration generated by the wheel is in a multi-order modal vibration frequency. According to the vibration reduction bracket, the sounding board of the stable bracket is divided into the elastic part and the mass part along the length direction, the thickness of the elastic part is smaller than that of the mass part, a plurality of natural frequency vibration subsystems are formed, and the natural frequencies of the vibration subsystems are adjusted to be close to the multi-order modal vibration frequency when wheels run, so that the vibration reduction and noise reduction effects are greatly enhanced.
4. The utility model discloses a utility model patent of "the dynamic vibration absorption formula wheel falls the piece of making an uproar", applicant's "plant field time new material science and technology limited company" including "201721354179.6", application date for "2017.10.20", publication number for "CN 207291491U", publication date for "2018.05.01", the name is "a dynamic vibration absorption formula wheel, the utility model discloses a firm support and elastic damping layer, it has the mounting hole to open on the firm support, firm support includes mounting panel, resonance board and midbody, the resonance board includes elastic part and mass part, elastic part and mass part alternate distribution, elastic damping layer and resonance board alternate distribution. During the operation of the wheel, under the excitation action of an external force, severe resonance can be caused, and the external excitation is very complicated, so that the vibration generated by the wheel is in a multi-order modal vibration frequency. The utility model discloses a through the sounding board that will stabilize the support divide along length direction elasticity part and quality part, elasticity part's thickness is less than quality part's thickness, forms a plurality of natural frequency vibration subsystems to adjust a plurality of natural frequencies of vibration subsystem to be close with the multistage modal vibration frequency when the wheel moves, thereby strengthen the damping noise reduction effect by a wide margin.
5. The utility model discloses a utility model patent of "vulcanization location structure and wheel noise reduction piece of the wheel noise reduction piece of preapring for an unfavorable turn of events" 201721354121.1 ", application date is" 2017.10.20 ", publication number is" CN207310343U ", publication date is" 2018.05.04 ", the name is" a vulcanization location structure and wheel noise reduction piece of the wheel noise reduction piece of preapring for an unfavorable turn of events ", the applicant is" new materials science and technology limited company of takaozhou times "the utility model discloses a, this utility model includes vulcanization location structure and wheel noise reduction piece of the wheel noise reduction piece of preapring for an unfavorable turn of events, wherein vulcanize the sandwich structure of location structure including locating piece and wheel noise reduction piece, the locating piece includes boss and supporting shoe, the boss is located a side of supporting shoe; two ends between every two layers of the sandwich structure are provided with a gap layer; the locating block is arranged at the edge of the sandwich structure, and the boss extends into the space layer. The wheel noise reduction block comprises an interlayer structure and a damping layer, the damping layer is arranged in a gap layer of the interlayer structure and is vulcanized, bonded and fixed with the interlayer structure, and a positioning groove is formed in the end face and/or the side face of the damping layer. The positioning structure avoids the deformation of the restraint layer in the vulcanization process to cause the thickness of the damping layer to be uneven, thereby ensuring the manufacturing quality and the size deviation of the wheel noise reduction block and improving the vibration and noise reduction effect.
6. The utility model discloses a multilayer formula wheel noise reduction block, including mounting panel and first outer restraint layer, set up porose one and hole two respectively at the both ends of mounting panel, twist into the wheel through two tip bolts respectively through hole one and hole two, multilayer formula wheel noise reduction block still includes the first outer restraint layer that sets up in one side near the shaft, set up suspension form inner restraint layer between mounting panel and first outer restraint layer, hollow dabber passes suspension form inner restraint layer and one end of dabber contacts with the mounting panel, the other end of dabber contacts with first outer restraint layer, suspension form inner restraint layer bonds between mounting panel and first outer restraint layer through damping layer vulcanization, the middle bolt penetrates through the first outer constraint layer, the mandrel and the mounting plate and then is screwed into the circumferential inner side part of the wheel, so that the middle part of the multilayer wheel noise reduction block is connected onto the wheel. The utility model discloses an effect of making an uproar is fallen in the damping that has improved.
7. The utility model discloses a utility model patent of "haerbin reaches industrial environmental protection automation limited company" is applied for the number "201620760079.2", and the application date is "2016.07.19", and the publication number is "CN 205853750U", and the publication date is "2017.01.04", and the name is "multilayer attenuator for the wheel", and the applicant is, this utility model includes: mounting panel (1), constrained layer (2), gasket (4) and damping rubber (3), mounting panel, constrained layer, gasket and damping rubber constitute attenuator (9), and the attenuator is the dovetail of installing on wheel (8) that the loop configuration is even through bolt (10), the constrained layer with the gasket stack in turn and form sandwich structure, sandwich structure's upper portion arc terminal surface with the mounting panel weld, produced space is used among the sandwich structure damping rubber fill, damping rubber bonds together with the constrained layer.
8. The utility model discloses a utility model patent of "haerbin reaches industrial environmental protection automation limited company" for the name "201610568521.6", application date is "2016.07.19", publication number is "CN 106004229A", publication date is "2016.10.12", the name "multilayer attenuator and damping method for the wheel", the applicant, this utility model includes: mounting panel (1), constrained layer (2), gasket (4) and damping rubber (3), mounting panel, constrained layer, gasket and damping rubber constitute attenuator (9), and the attenuator is the dovetail of installing on wheel (8) that the loop configuration is even through bolt (10), the constrained layer with the gasket stack in turn and form sandwich structure, sandwich structure's upper portion arc terminal surface with the mounting panel weld, produced space is used among the sandwich structure damping rubber fill, damping rubber bonds together with the constrained layer.
9. The invention provides a restraining damping noise reduction plate which sequentially comprises a damping layer (1), a restraining layer (2) and a sound absorption layer (3), wherein the application number is CN201510828831.2, the application date is 2015.11.25, the publication number is CN105415770A, the publication date is 2016.03.23, the name is 'restraining damping noise reduction plate and a preparation method thereof', and the applicant is the invention patent of 'metal and chemical research institute of China railway science research institute'. The damping layer and the restraining layer form a restraining damping structure, so that the vibration between the wheel tracks and the vibration between the spoke plates can be effectively reduced; the sound absorption layer covers the outer side of the constraint layer and can absorb noise generated by vibration generated in the running process of the wheel rail; the covering positions of the damping layer and the restraint layer are from the radial plate to the rim, the whole body is symmetrically bonded by taking the wheel axle as the center, the bonding area is large, and the balance is good.
10. The utility model discloses a disk is fallen in making an uproar to the formula wheel that should paste, utility model patent that application number is "CN 200920099869.0", application date is "2009.05.18", publication number is "CN 201456921U", publication date is "2010.05.12", the name is "paste formula wheel and fall the disk of making an uproar", applicant "harbingda industrial environmental protection automation limited company". At present, three methods are mainly used for reducing the noise of the railway environment, namely, a sound insulation wall is additionally arranged along a railway line, so that the investment cost is high; secondly, the track and the track bed foundation are reformed, and the method has the defects of high cost, long period and inconvenience for construction; thirdly, vibration reduction and noise reduction measures are adopted on the wheels, and the conventional product has limitation and is not suitable for all kinds of wheels. Paste formula wheel and fall dish of making an uproar, its constitution includes: the damping noise reduction layer is characterized by comprising a damping noise reduction layer (2) and a metal layer (1), wherein the damping noise reduction layer is connected with the metal layer through a binder (3), and the other surface of the damping noise reduction layer is provided with a binder layer.
The above patent adopts the wheel to fall the attenuator technique or the wheel falls the board technique of making an uproar, has following technical problem:
1. the technical problem that the existing wheel falls the damper exists:
1) the design theory of the damper which is installed in the axial direction or the radial direction is mainly carried out on one kind of rolling noise or friction noise, and the design of the rolling noise and the friction noise cannot be simultaneously carried out. If two kinds of dampers are installed at the same time, problems are easily caused in the strength of the rim on one hand, and problems are easily caused in the connection reliability on the other hand due to excessive connection design.
2) The dampers are designed for the vibration of the rim, and have a limited effect on the radiation noise of the spokes.
2. The technical problem that board exists is fallen to current wheel:
1) damping layer and metal level bond together through damping layer self or other viscous material and form the board of making an uproar of falling, and then fall the board of making an uproar and wholly paste at the car spoke face, because it is great to fall the holistic gravity of board of making an uproar, simultaneously under the vibration of wheel and high-speed roll, probably lead to falling the board of making an uproar and paste the layer and produce and split, influence the safe and reliable performance of train operation.
2) The noise reduction principle of the noise reduction plate is designed based on a constraint damping theory, when the structure vibrates, the damping layer generates shear deformation so as to achieve the purpose of dissipating energy, and in the boundary of the constraint damping layer, the shear effect of the damping layer is most obvious. The existing noise reduction plate is arranged in a whole block, the boundary length of the constrained damping layer is small, and the noise reduction effect is not ideal.
3) The radiation noise of the wheel mainly comes from the vibration of the rim and the spoke, the vibration of the spoke is controlled by simply applying the noise reduction plate technology, and particularly for the sound radiation caused by the radial mode of the wheel, the noise reduction effect of the radiation noise is still to be improved.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to more comprehensively and effectively reduce the wheel vibration and the radiation noise and ensure the installation reliability and the structural fatigue durability of the additional noise reduction device.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a wheel noise reduction damper which has a multidirectional noise reduction effect and is tightly combined by a clapboard and a damping material.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for reducing noise of a wheel is characterized in that a corresponding composite damping noise reduction device is arranged according to the vibration mode of the wheel so as to absorb and reduce the corresponding vibration mode and realize the omnibearing vibration reduction and noise reduction effect of the wheel.
Further, the vibration modes of the wheel include: and the vibration modes of the spoke and the rim adopt different noise reduction modes according to different vibration modes.
Further, according to the vibration mode of the spoke, the vibration mode of the spoke is absorbed and reduced by arranging the constraint damping plate on the spoke.
Further, according to the vibration mode of the rim, the vibration mode of the rim is absorbed and reduced by arranging a damper between the rim and the wheel core.
The invention also relates to a composite damping noise reduction device for realizing the wheel noise reduction method, which comprises a restraining damping plate arranged on the spoke and a damper arranged between the rim and the wheel core. And various noise reduction devices are adopted, so that the omnibearing vibration and noise reduction effect of the wheel is realized.
Further, the constrained damping plate is a magnetically constrained damping plate, the magnetically constrained damping plate comprising: the magnetic self-adhesive damping plate is adhered to the spoke through the magnetic self-adhesive damping material. The magnetic self-adhesive damping material is subjected to shear deformation along with the vibration of the spoke, so that the vibration energy is converted into heat energy for dissipation, and the noise reduction effect is achieved; meanwhile, the existing phenomenon of viscose aging and degumming can be avoided by utilizing the magnetism of the magnetic self-adhesive damping material, so that the noise reduction effect and the driving safety are ensured. Utilize the confined layer to reflect the noise back to magnetism self-adhesion damping material, further improve the noise reduction effect, the confined layer still plays the effect of protection magnetism self-adhesion damping material simultaneously.
Furthermore, a plurality of magnetic constraint damping plates are adhered to the spokes, and gaps are formed between the adjacent magnetic constraint damping plates. The boundary length of the magnetic constraint damping plate is increased, and the noise reduction effect is further improved by utilizing the characteristics of most obvious shearing effect and better noise reduction effect of the damping material at the boundary.
Furthermore, the damper is a partition plate damper and comprises a rib plate, a damping layer and a vibration absorption plate, the cross section of the vibration absorption plate is of a T-shaped structure, the vibration absorption plate is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the rib plate, and the damping layer is filled in a gap between the rib plate and the vibration absorption plate; the diaphragm damper is arranged between the rim and the wheel core in the radial direction of the wheel. The diaphragm damper can improve the axial and radial modal rigidity of the wheel, control the deformation of the rim, reduce the vibration noise caused by rolling and friction of the wheel, improve the strength of the wheel and prolong the service life of the wheel. Meanwhile, vibration noise transmitted by the rim is further reduced through dynamic vibration absorption and damping energy consumption effects of the partition plate damper.
Furthermore, both ends of the rib plate are respectively provided with a rim flange and a wheel core flange, and the rim flange and the wheel core flange are both provided with screw holes; the rim flange is connected with the rim through screws, and the wheel core flange is connected with the wheel core through screws.
Further, the vibration absorption plate comprises a long plate and a short plate, bolt holes are formed in the rib plates, the long plate and the short plate, bolts sequentially penetrate through the long plate, the short plate and the long plate on one side of the rib plate, the rib plate and the short plate and the long plate on the other side of the rib plate, the long plate and the short plate on the two sides of the rib plate are fixedly connected with the rib plate, and the damping layer in a gap between the long plate and the rib plate is fixedly connected. The structure of the vibration absorption plate is simplified, the installation and the manufacture of the clapboard damper are convenient, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: and according to the vibration mode of the wheel, a corresponding composite damping noise reduction device is arranged to absorb and reduce the corresponding vibration mode, so that the omnibearing vibration reduction and noise reduction effect of the wheel is realized. The magnetic self-adhesive damping material arranged on the spoke is subjected to shear deformation along with the vibration of the spoke, so that the vibration energy is converted into heat energy to be dissipated, and the noise reduction effect is achieved; meanwhile, the existing phenomenon of viscose aging and degumming can be avoided by utilizing the magnetism of the magnetic self-adhesive damping material, so that the noise reduction effect and the driving safety are ensured. The spoke is adhered with the magnetic constraint damping plates to increase the boundary length of the magnetic constraint damping plates, and the noise reduction effect is further improved by utilizing the characteristics of most obvious shearing effect and better noise reduction effect of the damping materials at the boundary. The baffle damper arranged between the wheel rim and the wheel core is utilized to improve the axial and radial modal rigidity of the wheel, control the deformation of the wheel rim, further reduce the vibration noise transmitted by the wheel rim through the dynamic vibration absorption and damping energy consumption effects of the baffle damper, and simultaneously improve the strength of the wheel and prolong the service life of the wheel.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic front view of a composite damping noise reducer,
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view A-A of FIG. 1,
figure 3 is a schematic front view of a magnetically confined damping plate,
figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of B-B in figure 3,
figure 5 is a perspective view of a diaphragm damper,
figure 6 is a schematic front view of an embodiment of a diaphragm damper,
figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of C-C of figure 6,
figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a diaphragm damper,
figure 9 is a three cross-sectional schematic view of an embodiment of a diaphragm damper,
figure 10 is a graph comparing the effect of the number of slots of the restraining damping plate on the frequency response curve of the wheel,
in the figure: the wheel comprises a wheel 1, a wheel rim 11, a wheel core 12, a wheel spoke 13, a magnetic confinement damping plate 2, a magnetic self-adhesion damping material 21, a confinement layer 22, a gap 23, a partition damper 3, a rib plate 31, a damping layer 32, a vibration absorption plate 33, a long plate 331, a short plate 332, a wheel rim flange 34, a wheel core flange 35, a screw hole 36, a bolt 37, a nut 38 and a screw 4.
Detailed Description
The wheel noise reduction method of the invention comprises the following steps: and according to the vibration mode of the wheel, a corresponding composite damping noise reduction device is arranged to absorb and reduce the corresponding vibration mode, so that the omnibearing vibration reduction and noise reduction effect of the wheel is realized.
The vibration modes of the wheel include: and the vibration modes of the spoke and the rim adopt different noise reduction modes according to different vibration modes.
According to the vibration mode of the spoke, the vibration mode of the spoke is absorbed and reduced by arranging the constraint damping plate on the spoke.
According to the vibration mode of the rim, the vibration mode of the rim is absorbed and reduced by arranging the damper between the rim and the wheel core.
The invention is further described by the following specific embodiments in conjunction with the attached drawings:
as shown in fig. 1 to 2, the composite damping noise reduction device includes: a magnetically-constrained damping plate 2 provided on the spokes 13, and a diaphragm damper 3 provided between the rim 11 and the wheel core 12.
The magnetic self-adhesive damping material 21 in the magnetic constraint damping plate 2 is subjected to shear deformation along with the vibration of the spokes 13, so that the vibration energy is converted into heat energy for dissipation, the vibration and noise generated by the spokes 13 are inhibited, and the noise reduction effect is achieved.
By utilizing the partition plate damper 3 arranged between the wheel rim 11 and the wheel core 12, the axial modal rigidity and the radial modal rigidity of the wheel 1 are improved, the deformation of the wheel rim 11 is controlled, the vibration noise caused by rolling and friction of the wheel 1 is reduced, on the other hand, the strength of the wheel 1 can be improved, and the service life of the wheel 1 is prolonged. Meanwhile, vibration noise transmitted by the rim is further reduced through dynamic vibration absorption and damping energy consumption functions of the partition plate damper 3.
The magnetically confined damping plate 2 is shown in fig. 3 to 4: the magnetic confinement damping plate 2 is formed by laminating the magnetic self-adhesion damping material 21 and the confinement layer 22 at a high temperature. The magnetic self-adhesive damping material 21 is formed by mixing magnetic particles and a damping material, the ratio of the magnetic particles to the self-adhesive damping material is 1: 1.5-1: 2, the self-adhesive damping material is usually a rubber material, the rubber material is required to have high damping, proper modulus, wide temperature range, good weather resistance and durability, and the rubber and metal are required to be firmly bonded. The constraint layer 22 is made of steel plate or polymer plate.
The magnetically confined damping plate 2 is affixed to the spokes 13 by magnetic self-adhesive damping material 21. The magnetic self-adhesive damping material 21 is subjected to shear deformation along with the vibration of the spoke 13, so that the vibration energy is converted into heat energy to be dissipated, and the noise reduction effect is achieved; meanwhile, the magnetic property of the magnetic self-adhesive damping material 21 can be used for avoiding the existing phenomenon of viscose aging and degumming so as to ensure the noise reduction effect and the driving safety. The constrained layer 22 is utilized to reflect noise back to the magnetic self-adhesive damping material 21, so that the noise reduction effect is further improved, and meanwhile, the constrained layer 22 also plays a role in protecting the magnetic self-adhesive damping material 21.
Since the damping material is not constrained at the free boundary, the shear effect of the damping material at the free boundary is most significant, and therefore the longer the damping material at the free boundary, the better the noise reduction effect. The invention is different from the prior whole noise reduction plate, a plurality of magnetic constraint damping plates 2 are adhered on the spoke 13, and gaps are reserved at the adjacent magnetic constraint damping plates 2; the whole magnetic confinement damping plate 2 on the spoke 13 can be split into a plurality of magnetic confinement damping plates 2 by adopting a slotting mode of the whole magnetic confinement damping plate 2 on the spoke 13 so as to increase the free boundary length of the magnetic confinement damping plate 2. Each magnetic confinement damping plate 2 is pressed by the rib plate 31 of the diaphragm damper 3 to improve the reliability of the installation thereof.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the whole piece of the magnetically-constrained damping plate 2 is divided into eight pieces, and the following comparison data and frequency response curves (as shown in fig. 10) are obtained through experiments:
mode loss factor for restraining different slotting quantities of damping plate
It can be seen that: the reasonable arrangement of the slotting position can improve the specific modal loss factor by 48-92 percent, and the vibration and noise reduction effect can be improved by more than half.
The diaphragm damper 3 embodiment is shown in fig. 5 to 7: comprises a rib plate 31, a damping layer 32, a vibration absorption plate 33, a rim flange 34 and a wheel core flange 35.
The rib plate 31 is in a long plate shape, two ends of the rib plate are respectively welded with the rim flange 34 and the wheel core flange 35, one side of the rib plate 31 is a straight side, and the other side of the rib plate 31 is matched with the section shape of the spoke 13, so that the magnetic constraint damping plate 2 can be pressed tightly. The cross section of the vibration absorption plate 33 is of a T-shaped structure and can be formed by integral casting or welding, the vibration absorption plate 33 is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the rib plate 31, and the lower short metal plate of the vibration absorption plate 33 and the rib plate 31 are fixed by welding. The damping layer 32 and the vibration absorbing plate 33 are bonded and fixed by vulcanization and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vibration absorbing plate 33, and the width of the damping layer 32 is the same as that of the vibration absorbing plate 33. The thickness of the rib plate 31 is designed according to the bearing and the modal frequency of the rim. The damping layer 32 is typically a rubber material, which is required to have high damping, suitable modulus, wide temperature range, good weather resistance and durability, and to be firmly bonded to metal.
The diaphragm damper 3 is connected to the rim 11 by screws 4 passing through screw holes 36 in a rim flange 34 at one end of the diaphragm damper 3, and the diaphragm damper 3 is connected to the wheel core 12 by screws 4 passing through screw holes 36 in a wheel core flange 35 at the other end of the diaphragm damper 3, whereby the diaphragm damper 3 is mounted between the rim 11 and the wheel core 12 in the radial direction of the wheel.
The diaphragm damper 3 can obviously improve the axial and radial modal rigidity of the wheel 1, control the deformation of the wheel rim 11, reduce the elastic vibration of the wheel, and reduce the vibration noise caused by rolling and friction of the wheel 1, and on the other hand, can improve the strength of the wheel 1 and prolong the service life of the wheel 1. Through the damping structure formed by the damping layer 32 and the vibration absorption plate 33 in the middle of the rib plate 31, most vibration of the rim 11 can be transferred, energy dissipation is carried out through the shearing action of the damping layer 32, and vibration noise of the wheel 1 is further reduced.
The second embodiment of the diaphragm damper 3 is shown in fig. 8: the vibration absorbing plate 33 is different from the embodiment of the baffle damper 3, the vibration absorbing plate 33 comprises a long plate 331 and a short plate 332, bolt holes are respectively arranged on the rib plate 31, the long plate 331 and the short plate 332, bolts 37 sequentially penetrate through the long plate 331, the short plate 332, the rib plate 31 on one side of the rib plate 31, the short plate 332 and the long plate 331 on the other side of the rib plate 31, the long plate 331 and the short plate 332 on the two sides of the rib plate 31 are fixedly connected with the rib plate 31, and the damping layer 32 in a gap between the long plate 331 and the rib plate 31 is tightly pressed and connected. So as to simplify the structure of the vibration absorbing plate 33, facilitate the installation and manufacture of the diaphragm damper 3, and reduce the manufacturing cost.
The third embodiment of the diaphragm damper 3 is shown in fig. 9: a plurality of U-shaped vibration absorbing plates 33 are used, and the damping layer 32 is filled in the gap between the rib plate 31 and the U-shaped vibration absorbing plate 33. The vibration absorption plates 33 in the U shapes are arranged to adapt to the vibration mode of the wheel rim 11, so that better vibration and noise reduction effects are achieved.
In summary, the following steps: the invention has the beneficial effects that: and according to the vibration mode of the wheel, a corresponding composite damping noise reduction device is arranged to absorb and reduce the corresponding vibration mode, so that the omnibearing vibration reduction and noise reduction effect of the wheel is realized. The magnetic self-adhesive damping material arranged on the spoke is subjected to shear deformation along with the vibration of the spoke, so that the vibration energy is converted into heat energy to be dissipated, and the noise reduction effect is achieved; meanwhile, the existing phenomenon of viscose aging and degumming can be avoided by utilizing the magnetism of the magnetic self-adhesive damping material, so that the noise reduction effect and the driving safety are ensured. The spoke is adhered with the magnetic constraint damping plates to increase the boundary length of the magnetic constraint damping plates, and the noise reduction effect is further improved by utilizing the characteristics of most obvious shearing effect and better noise reduction effect of the damping materials at the boundary. The baffle damper arranged between the wheel rim and the wheel core is utilized to improve the axial and radial modal rigidity of the wheel, control the deformation of the wheel rim, further reduce the vibration noise transmitted by the wheel rim through the dynamic vibration absorption and damping energy consumption effects of the baffle damper, and simultaneously improve the strength of the wheel and prolong the service life of the wheel.
The above embodiments are provided for illustrative purposes only and not for limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore all equivalent technical solutions should fall within the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (4)
1. A composite damping noise reduction device is characterized in that: comprises a restraining damping plate arranged on a spoke (13) and a damper arranged between a rim (11) and a wheel core (12); the damper is a partition plate damper (3) and comprises rib plates (31), damping layers (32) and vibration absorption plates (33), the cross sections of the vibration absorption plates (33) are of T-shaped structures, the vibration absorption plates (33) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the rib plates (31), and the damping layers (32) are filled in gaps between the rib plates (31) and the vibration absorption plates (33); the diaphragm damper (3) is arranged between a rim (11) and a wheel core (12) along the radial direction of the wheel; both ends of the rib plate (31) are respectively provided with a rim flange (34) and a wheel core flange (35), and the rim flange (34) and the wheel core flange (35) are both provided with screw holes (36); a rim flange (34) is connected with a rim (11) through a screw (4), and a wheel core flange (35) is connected with a wheel core (12) through the screw (4).
2. A composite damping and noise reducing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vibration absorption plate (33) comprises a long plate (331) and a short plate (332), bolt holes are formed in the rib plate (31), the long plate (331) and the short plate (332), bolts (37) sequentially penetrate through the long plate (331), the short plate (332), the rib plate (31) and the short plate (332) and the long plate (331) on the other side of the rib plate (31), the long plate (331) and the short plate (332) on the two sides of the rib plate (31) are fixedly connected with the rib plate (31), and a damping layer (32) in a gap between the long plate (331) and the rib plate (31) is tightly connected.
3. A composite damping and noise reducing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the restraint damping plate is magnetic restraint damping plate (2), magnetic restraint damping plate (2) includes: magnetism self-adhesion damping material (21) and restraint layer (22), magnetism self-adhesion damping material (21) and restraint layer (22) laminating are connected, magnetism restraint damping plate (2) are pasted on spoke (13) through magnetism self-adhesion damping material (21).
4. A composite damping and noise reducing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: a plurality of magnetic constraint damping plates (2) are adhered to the spoke (13), and gaps (23) are formed between adjacent magnetic constraint damping plates (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010988439.5A CN112046192B (en) | 2020-09-18 | 2020-09-18 | Wheel noise reduction method and composite damping noise reduction device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010988439.5A CN112046192B (en) | 2020-09-18 | 2020-09-18 | Wheel noise reduction method and composite damping noise reduction device |
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| CN112046192A CN112046192A (en) | 2020-12-08 |
| CN112046192B true CN112046192B (en) | 2022-03-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010988439.5A Active CN112046192B (en) | 2020-09-18 | 2020-09-18 | Wheel noise reduction method and composite damping noise reduction device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113192478A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-07-30 | 阳春新钢铁有限责任公司 | Noise reduction method for bar finishing area |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2835020A1 (en) * | 1978-08-10 | 1980-04-17 | Krupp Ag Huettenwerke | RESONANCE ABSORBER |
| CN1603143A (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-04-06 | 尹学军 | Vehicle wheel |
| CN201357700Y (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2009-12-09 | 雷晓燕 | Damping wheel |
| EP2326518A1 (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2011-06-01 | Faiveley Transport Witten Gmbh | Wheel, particularly rail wheel for rail vehicles |
| CN102162210A (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2011-08-24 | 朱颖 | Magnetic constrained damping vibration and noise reduction sheath |
| CN105564145A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-05-11 | 大连理工大学 | High-frequency noise reduction restraining and damping wheel containing slits |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2835020A1 (en) * | 1978-08-10 | 1980-04-17 | Krupp Ag Huettenwerke | RESONANCE ABSORBER |
| CN1603143A (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-04-06 | 尹学军 | Vehicle wheel |
| EP2326518A1 (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2011-06-01 | Faiveley Transport Witten Gmbh | Wheel, particularly rail wheel for rail vehicles |
| CN201357700Y (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2009-12-09 | 雷晓燕 | Damping wheel |
| CN102162210A (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2011-08-24 | 朱颖 | Magnetic constrained damping vibration and noise reduction sheath |
| CN105564145A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-05-11 | 大连理工大学 | High-frequency noise reduction restraining and damping wheel containing slits |
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| CN112046192A (en) | 2020-12-08 |
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