CN220394178U - Rail damper based on two-dimensional acoustic black hole - Google Patents
Rail damper based on two-dimensional acoustic black hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN220394178U CN220394178U CN202321732169.7U CN202321732169U CN220394178U CN 220394178 U CN220394178 U CN 220394178U CN 202321732169 U CN202321732169 U CN 202321732169U CN 220394178 U CN220394178 U CN 220394178U
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- dimensional acoustic
- acoustic black
- black hole
- rail
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- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003190 viscoelastic substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model provides a steel rail vibration damper based on a two-dimensional acoustic black hole, which comprises a two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit and a base body, wherein the two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit is arranged on the base body, and the base body is arranged at the bottom of a steel rail and is tightly attached to the bottom of the steel rail; the steel rail vibration damper based on the two-dimensional acoustic black hole has high vibration damping efficiency and wide vibration damping frequency band, is suitable for steel rail broadband vibration under complex excitation, is arranged at the lower part of the steel rail, and is convenient to install and high in reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of rail transit vibration reduction, in particular to a steel rail vibration damper based on two-dimensional acoustic black holes.
Background
Vibration and noise must be generated between the vehicle and the track due to the presence of various excitation sources as the train passes over the track at a certain speed. Studies have shown that vibrations and noise are closely related, the greater the vibrations, the greater the noise, and therefore, controlling wheel-rail vibrations is critical to reducing railway vibration noise in the railway sector. Aiming at different operation conditions, expert scholars propose various wheel-rail vibration control technologies, including measures such as rail grinding, damping wheels, mounting rail dynamic vibration absorbers and the like, and the rail vibration absorbers are simple in structure, good in vibration and noise reduction effect in specific frequency bands and widely applied to the field of rail transit.
In the prior art, a steel rail power vibration absorber utilizing a one-dimensional acoustic black hole also exists, and the one-dimensional acoustic black hole structure is arranged on the rail web along the length direction of the steel rail body, so that the vibration absorber is suitable for the requirement of vibration reduction of the tramcar steel rail. This solution has the following drawbacks: 1. the dimension of the one-dimensional acoustic black hole structure is limited, energy localization exists, acoustic black hole effect loss is caused, the vibration reduction frequency band is narrow, and the vibration reduction efficiency is limited; 2. the rail web part contains more parts, and the one-dimensional acoustic black hole structure is arranged at the rail web part, so that the reliability is low, and the installation is inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the utility model aims to provide a steel rail damper based on a two-dimensional acoustic black hole so as to solve the problems of narrow damping frequency band, limited damping efficiency, low reliability and inconvenient installation of a one-dimensional acoustic black hole structure in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is realized as follows:
the utility model provides a rail damper based on two-dimensional acoustic black hole, includes two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit and base member, two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit sets up on the base member, the base member is installed in the bottom of rail, and closely laminates with the bottom of rail.
The steel rail vibration damper based on the two-dimensional acoustic black hole has high vibration damping efficiency and wide vibration damping frequency band, is suitable for steel rail broadband vibration under complex excitation, is arranged at the lower part of the steel rail, and is convenient to install and high in reliability.
Further, one or more two-dimensional acoustic black hole units are arranged on the substrate.
This arrangement can further improve the damping efficiency of the rail damper.
Further, a cut-off part is formed on one side of the two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit, and a damping layer is arranged at the cut-off part.
This arrangement can reduce reflection of the vibration wave due to truncation of the wedge-shaped tip.
As a preferred example of the present utility model, the damping layer is made of a high damping viscoelastic material, and has a damping loss factor of 0.05 or more.
This arrangement can improve the performance of the damping layer.
Further, the two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit is arc-shaped, and the arc shape is generated according to the following formula:
wherein r is the radial distance from any point in the arc-shaped area to the central position, a is a constant coefficient, r1 is the radius of the cut-off part, r2 is the maximum radius of the arc-shaped area, h1 is the thickness of the cut-off part, m is a power exponent, and m is more than or equal to 2.
In particular, this arrangement can enhance the vibration reduction efficiency of the two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit.
Further, the base body is arranged at the bottom of the steel rail between any two adjacent sleepers.
This arrangement facilitates the installation and removal of the substrate.
Further, the base body is detachably fixed at the bottom of the steel rail.
The arrangement is convenient for dismounting and mounting the base body and the steel rail and is also convenient for later maintenance.
Further, two-dimensional acoustic black hole units are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the substrate.
This arrangement can further improve the vibration damping efficiency of the base body.
Further, the two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit is prepared from a functionally graded material.
This arrangement can enhance the vibration damping performance of the two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit.
Further, the two-dimensional acoustic black hole units are different in radius, and are arranged on one side of the substrate in a stacked mode from bottom to top according to the mode that the radius is small to large.
In particular, this arrangement can further improve the damping efficiency of the rail damper.
Compared with the prior art, the steel rail damper based on the two-dimensional acoustic black hole has the following advantages:
1) The vibration reduction efficiency is high, and the vibration reduction frequency bandwidth is wide;
2) Install in the lower part of rail, be convenient for install, the reliability is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a rail damper according to an embodiment of the present utility model in a structure in which the rail damper is mounted in cooperation with a rail;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first construction of a rail damper according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a second construction of a rail damper according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the rail damper of FIG. 3 from a second perspective;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure at A-A in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of a partial structure at B in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a third construction of a rail damper according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a fourth construction of a rail damper according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of a fifth construction of a rail damper according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the rail damper of fig. 9 from a second view.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit; 2. a base; 3. a cutting part; 4. a rail.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the utility model will be readily understood, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the steel rail damper based on the two-dimensional acoustic black hole comprises a two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit 1 and a base body 2, wherein the two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit 1 is arranged on the base body 2, and the base body 2 is arranged at the bottom of a steel rail 4 and is tightly attached to the bottom of the steel rail 4.
The steel rail vibration damper based on the two-dimensional acoustic black hole has high vibration damping efficiency and wide vibration damping frequency band, is suitable for steel rail broadband vibration under complex excitation, is arranged at the lower part of the steel rail 4, and is convenient to install and high in reliability.
As a preferred example of the present utility model, the substrate 2 is provided with one or more two-dimensional acoustic black hole units 1.
Specifically, by uniformly disposing a plurality of two-dimensional acoustic black hole units 1 on the base 2, the vibration reduction efficiency of the rail damper can be further improved.
Preferably, the substrate 2 is provided with a plurality of two-dimensional acoustic black hole units 1, and the two-dimensional acoustic black hole units 1 are uniformly distributed from top to bottom.
Preferably, a plurality of two-dimensional acoustic black hole units 1 are uniformly arranged on one side of the substrate 2.
As a preferred example of the present utility model, a cut-off part 3 is formed at one side of the two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit 1, and a damping layer is provided at the cut-off part 3.
In particular, the wedge-shaped tip of the two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit 1 has a cutoff, and a damping layer is arranged at the cutoff for dissipating vibration potential energy, and the arrangement can reduce vibration wave reflection caused by the cutoff of the wedge-shaped tip.
As a preferred example of the present utility model, the damping layer is made of a high damping viscoelastic material, and has a damping loss factor of 0.05 or more.
In particular, this arrangement can improve the performance of the damping layer.
As a preferred example of the present utility model, the two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit 1 has an arc shape, and the arc shape is generated according to the following formula:
wherein r is the radial distance from any point in the arc-shaped area to the central position, a is a constant coefficient, r1 is the radius of the cutoff part 3, r2 is the maximum radius of the arc-shaped area, h1 is the thickness of the cutoff part 3, m is a power exponent, and m is more than or equal to 2.
In particular, this arrangement can enhance the vibration reduction efficiency of the two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit 1.
As a preferred example of the utility model, the base body 2 is arranged at the bottom of the rail 4 between any adjacent sleepers.
In particular, this arrangement facilitates the mounting and dismounting of the base body 2.
As a preferred example of the utility model, the base body 2 is detachably fixed to the bottom of the rail 4.
In particular, this arrangement facilitates the disassembly and assembly between the base body 2 and the rail 4, and also facilitates the later maintenance.
Preferably, the base body 2 is glued to the bottom of the rail 4.
Preferably, the base body 2 is fixed to the bottom of the rail 4 by means of a spring clip.
Preferably, the base body 2 is fixed to the bottom of the rail 4 by bolts.
As a preferred example of the present utility model, the two-dimensional acoustic black hole units 1 are disposed on both the upper and lower sides of the substrate 2.
In particular, this arrangement can further improve the vibration damping efficiency of the base body 2.
As a preferred example of the present utility model, the two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit 1 is made of a functionally graded material.
In particular, this arrangement can enhance the vibration damping performance of the two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit 1.
As a preferred example of the present utility model, the front end, the rear end, the left end and the right end of the base body 2 are provided with two-dimensional acoustic black hole units 1.
In particular, this arrangement increases the contact area with the rail 4 and improves the damping efficiency.
As a preferred example of the present utility model, the plurality of two-dimensional acoustic black hole units 1 are different in radius, and the plurality of two-dimensional acoustic black hole units 1 are arranged in a stack from bottom to top on one side of the substrate 2 in a form of small radius to large radius.
In particular, this arrangement can further improve the damping efficiency of the rail damper.
Preferably, the radius of the plurality of two-dimensional acoustic black hole units 1 decreases exponentially.
Preferably, a plurality of two-dimensional acoustic black hole units 1 are uniformly arranged on one side of the substrate 2.
As a preferred example of the present utility model, the two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit 1 and the base 2 are made of a metal material.
In particular, this arrangement allows to reduce the costs and to extend the service life of the two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit 1 and the matrix 2.
As a preferred example of the present utility model, the two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit 1 is made of a functionally graded material.
In particular, this arrangement can enhance the vibration damping performance of the two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit 1.
Compared with the prior art, the steel rail damper based on the two-dimensional acoustic black hole has the following advantages: the vibration damping device has high vibration damping efficiency and wide vibration damping frequency band, is suitable for wide-frequency vibration of the steel rail under complex excitation, is arranged at the lower part of the steel rail 4, and is convenient to install and high in reliability.
Although the present utility model is disclosed above, the present utility model is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and the scope of the utility model should be assessed accordingly to that of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The steel rail vibration damper based on the two-dimensional acoustic black hole is characterized by comprising a two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit (1) and a base body (2), wherein the two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit (1) is arranged on the base body (2), and the base body (2) is arranged at the bottom of a steel rail (4) and is tightly attached to the bottom of the steel rail (4); the two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit (1) is arc-shaped, and the arc shape is generated according to the following formula:
wherein r is the radial distance from any point in the arc-shaped area to the central position, a is a constant coefficient, r1 is the radius of the cutoff part (3), r2 is the maximum radius of the arc-shaped area, h1 is the thickness of the cutoff part (3), m is a power exponent, and m is more than or equal to 2.
2. Rail damper based on two-dimensional acoustic black holes according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more two-dimensional acoustic black hole units (1) are provided on the base body (2).
3. Rail damper based on two-dimensional acoustic black holes according to claim 1, characterized in that one side of the two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit (1) forms a cut-off (3), the cut-off (3) being provided with a damping layer.
4. A two-dimensional acoustic black hole based steel rail damper according to claim 3, wherein the damping layer is made of a highly damped viscoelastic material having a damping loss factor of 0.05 or more.
5. A rail damper based on two-dimensional acoustic black holes according to claim 1, characterized in that the base body (2) is arranged at the bottom of the rail (4) between any adjacent sleepers.
6. Rail damper based on two-dimensional acoustic black holes according to claim 1, characterized in that the base body (2) is detachably fixed to the bottom of the rail (4).
7. Rail damper based on two-dimensional acoustic black holes according to claim 1, characterized in that the two-dimensional acoustic black hole units (1) are arranged on both the upper and lower sides of the base body (2).
8. Rail damper based on two-dimensional acoustic black holes according to claim 1, characterized in that the two-dimensional acoustic black hole unit (1) is made of functionally graded material.
9. Rail damper based on two-dimensional acoustic black holes according to claim 2, characterized in that the radii of the plurality of two-dimensional acoustic black hole units (1) are different, and the plurality of two-dimensional acoustic black hole units (1) are arranged in a stack from bottom to top on one side of the base body (2) according to the form of radius from small to large.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321732169.7U CN220394178U (en) | 2023-07-04 | 2023-07-04 | Rail damper based on two-dimensional acoustic black hole |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321732169.7U CN220394178U (en) | 2023-07-04 | 2023-07-04 | Rail damper based on two-dimensional acoustic black hole |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220394178U true CN220394178U (en) | 2024-01-26 |
Family
ID=89600010
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321732169.7U Active CN220394178U (en) | 2023-07-04 | 2023-07-04 | Rail damper based on two-dimensional acoustic black hole |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220394178U (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-07-04 CN CN202321732169.7U patent/CN220394178U/en active Active
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