CN112042409A - Method for grafting dense pumpkin by black-seed pumpkin - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of pumpkin grafting, in particular to a method for grafting dense pumpkin by black-seed pumpkin, which comprises the following steps of firstly, scion seedling raising; secondly, seedling raising of black-seed pumpkin stocks; step three, grafting: grafting is carried out by adopting a inarching method. According to the method, the black-seed pumpkin is selected as the rootstock, and the survival rate of the grafted seedling is ensured by the strong adaptability, disease resistance and stress resistance of the black-seed pumpkin and the developed root system; secondly, the black-seed pumpkin and the honey pumpkin belong to the same pumpkin family, the scion and the stock have strong affinity, the grafting success rate is greatly improved, and the growth speed of the grafted seedling after grafting is also accelerated; the rotten melons and cracked melons of the dense pumpkin harvested after the new plant obtained after grafting is planted are greatly reduced, the yield is increased, the commodity rate is improved, and the effect of increasing income of growers is achieved.

Description

Method for grafting dense pumpkin by black-seed pumpkin

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of pumpkin grafting, in particular to a method for grafting dense pumpkin by black-seed pumpkin.

Background

The dense pumpkin is a herbaceous plant, the sugar degree and the powder degree are high, the pulp starch is fine and smooth in ripening, the taste is sweet, the quality is good, the peel is orange yellow, the pulp is thick, and the pulp is orange red. However, the harvest method of the pumpkin has the defects that the rotten and cracked pumpkins are often found, the commodity rate is extremely low, even the damaged pumpkins account for 40%, and great economic loss is brought to growers.

The black-seed pumpkin is a perennial vining herb, has strong growth potential and is a typical short-day crop, has stronger resistance in the aspects of cold resistance, drought resistance, disease resistance, barren resistance and the like than other cultivated pumpkins, and is usually used as a stock for grafting by utilizing the resistance of the black-seed pumpkin to melon blight and the low ground temperature of the root system thereof in production.

Therefore, the method for grafting the cucurbita moschata by using the cucurbita moschata as the rootstock is urgently needed to be developed, and the problem that the cucurbita moschata is rotten and split with a high probability after the cucurbita moschata is mature is solved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for grafting the dense pumpkin by using the black-seed pumpkin.

A method for grafting dense pumpkin by black-seed pumpkin comprises the following steps: sterilizing seeds of the dense pumpkin and nutrient soil, soaking scion seeds in clear water for 4-6 hours, wrapping the seeds with wet cloth, moving the seeds to 25-30 ℃ for germination acceleration, sowing the seeds for seedling cultivation when white buds appear, controlling the scion seedling cultivation time to be 13-21 days, and taking the honey pumpkin seedlings entering a cotyledon period as scion seedlings to be grafted;

step two, black seed pumpkin rootstock seedling culture: sterilizing black seed pumpkin seeds and nutrient soil, soaking the black seed pumpkin seeds in clear water for 4-5 hours, wrapping the black seed pumpkin seeds with wet cloth, placing the black seed pumpkin seeds at the temperature of 28-30 ℃, accelerating germination for 1-2 days, sowing and cultivating after white buds appear, sowing 2-5 days after the sowing time is prolonged compared with the scion seedling planting time, and preparing for grafting when 3-4 true leaves grow on the seedlings;

step three, grafting: grafting is carried out by adopting a inarching method, a stock seedling and a scion seedling are taken, partial cortex is cut off from stems of the two seedlings which are easy to approach each other, then the parts of the taken cortex are mutually jointed, clamped by a grafting clamp or wound by a plastic tape, after the joint part is healed, the upper part of the joint part of the stock seedling and the lower part of the scion seedling joint part are cut off to form an independent new plant, the new plant after grafting normally grows for 35-60 days, and then the new plant can be transplanted to a field for planting.

The invention has the advantages that: according to the method, the black-seed pumpkin is selected as the rootstock, and the survival rate of the grafted seedling is ensured by the strong adaptability, disease resistance and stress resistance of the black-seed pumpkin and the developed root system; secondly, the black-seed pumpkin and the honey pumpkin belong to the same pumpkin family, the scion and the stock have strong affinity, the grafting success rate is greatly improved, and the growth speed of the grafted seedling after grafting is also accelerated; the rotten melons and cracked melons of the dense pumpkin harvested after the new plant obtained after grafting is planted are greatly reduced, the yield is increased, the commodity rate is improved, and the effect of increasing income of growers is achieved.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

A method for grafting dense pumpkin by black-seed pumpkin comprises the following steps: sterilizing seeds of the dense pumpkin and nutrient soil, soaking scion seeds in clear water for 4-6 hours, wrapping the seeds with wet cloth, moving the seeds to 25-30 ℃ for germination acceleration, sowing the seeds for seedling cultivation when white buds appear, controlling the scion seedling cultivation time to be 13-21 days, and taking the honey pumpkin seedlings entering a cotyledon period as scion seedlings to be grafted;

step two, black seed pumpkin rootstock seedling culture: sterilizing black seed pumpkin seeds and nutrient soil, soaking the black seed pumpkin seeds in clear water for 4-5 hours, wrapping the black seed pumpkin seeds with wet cloth, placing the black seed pumpkin seeds at the temperature of 28-30 ℃, accelerating germination for 1-2 days, sowing and cultivating after white buds appear, sowing 2-5 days after the sowing time is prolonged compared with the scion seedling planting time, and preparing for grafting when 3-4 true leaves grow on the seedlings;

step three, grafting: grafting is carried out by adopting a inarching method, a stock seedling and a scion seedling are taken, partial cortex is cut off from stems of the two seedlings which are easy to approach each other, then the parts of the taken cortex are mutually jointed, clamped by a grafting clamp or wound by a plastic tape, after the joint part is healed, the upper part of the joint part of the stock seedling and the lower part of the scion seedling joint part are cut off to form an independent new plant, the new plant after grafting normally grows for 35-60 days, and then the new plant can be transplanted to a field for planting.

Examples

The grafted close pumpkin in the same season is planted as an experimental group, and the non-grafted close pumpkin is planted as a control group for comparison.

Control test one: the first field, the plant survival rate of observing experiment group and contrast group under the same conditions such as planting environment includes soil, temperature, humidity, and the fruit spoilage is including rotten melon and split melon with fruit spoilage.

	Number of plants (plant)	Number of surviving plants	Number of results (number)	Amount of ripe fruit damaged (size)	Rate of fruit damage
						Control group	400	370	900	256	28.4％
Experimental group	400	390	1100	66	6％

Control experiment two:

the second field, the planting environment includes that soil, temperature, humidity etc. are the same under the plant survival rate of observing experiment group and control group, and fruit percentage and fruit spoilage, the fruit damages including rotten melon and split melon.

	Number of plants (plant)	Number of surviving plants	Number of results (number)	Amount of ripe fruit damaged (size)	Rate of fruit damage
						Control group	800	745	1490	415	27.8％
Experimental group	800	785	1650	95	5.7％

Control test three:

and in the third field, the plant survival rates, the fruiting rates and the fruit damage rates of the experimental group and the control group are observed under the same conditions of soil, temperature, humidity and the like, and the fruit damage includes rotten melons and cracked melons.

According to the contrast experiment data of three plots in the same season, the survival rate of the grafted dense pumpkin plants is slightly higher than that of the non-grafted dense pumpkin plants, the number of the grafted dense pumpkin plants is slightly higher than that of the non-grafted dense pumpkin plants, and the damage rate of mature fruits of the grafted dense pumpkin plants is far lower than that of the non-grafted dense pumpkin plants, so that the grafting method can effectively solve the problem of high damage rate of the mature fruits of the non-grafted dense pumpkin, and can create income for planting households.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A method for grafting dense pumpkin by black-seed pumpkin is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, scion seedling raising: sterilizing seeds of the dense pumpkin and nutrient soil, soaking scion seeds in clear water for 4-6 hours, wrapping the seeds with wet cloth, moving the seeds to 25-30 ℃ for germination acceleration, sowing the seeds for seedling cultivation when white buds appear, controlling the scion seedling cultivation time to be 13-21 days, and taking the honey pumpkin seedlings entering a cotyledon period as scion seedlings to be grafted;

step two, black seed pumpkin rootstock seedling culture: sterilizing black seed pumpkin seeds and nutrient soil, soaking the black seed pumpkin seeds in clear water for 4-5 hours, wrapping the black seed pumpkin seeds with wet cloth, placing the black seed pumpkin seeds at the temperature of 28-30 ℃, accelerating germination for 1-2 days, sowing and cultivating after white buds appear, sowing 2-5 days after the sowing time is prolonged compared with the scion seedling planting time, and preparing for grafting when 3-4 true leaves grow on the seedlings;

step three, grafting: grafting is carried out by adopting a inarching method, a stock seedling and a scion seedling are taken, partial cortex is cut off from stems of the two seedlings which are easy to approach each other, then the parts of the taken cortex are mutually jointed, clamped by a grafting clamp or wound by a plastic tape, after the joint part is healed, the upper part of the joint part of the stock seedling and the lower part of the scion seedling joint part are cut off to form an independent new plant, the new plant after grafting normally grows for 35-60 days, and then the new plant can be transplanted to a field for planting.