CN112042355A - Method for regulating and controlling water and fertilizer of rhizosphere soil through automatic underground blueberry scenting and irrigating - Google Patents
Method for regulating and controlling water and fertilizer of rhizosphere soil through automatic underground blueberry scenting and irrigating Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/02—Special arrangements for delivering the liquid directly into the soil
- A01C23/023—Special arrangements for delivering the liquid directly into the soil for liquid or gas fertilisers
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
- A01G27/008—Component parts, e.g. dispensing fittings, level indicators
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
- A01G27/02—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots having a water reservoir, the main part thereof being located wholly around or directly beside the growth substrate
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for regulating and controlling water and fertilizer of rhizosphere soil by underground automatic scenting and irrigating blueberries, which utilizes an underground automatic scenting and irrigating system to scent and irrigate the blueberries from bottom to top, and scents and moistens the soil to the ground surface by water absorption of a scenting water matrix so as to keep the optimal water demand of the roots of the blueberries, while the excess water and fertilizer are recycled, so that the recovery rate reaches 40 percent. The phenomenon that the blueberry roots are rotten due to the fact that the water content of soil is too high in the traditional irrigation mode during irrigation or continuous rainfall is effectively prevented. The method is simple to operate, saves labor and water and fertilizer, and reduces agricultural surface contamination. Efficient water and fertilizer control can effectively regulate and control the biological environment of blueberry rhizosphere, promote the proliferation of beneficial microorganisms and provide a good root soil environment for blueberry production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of efficient utilization of water resources and agricultural engineering, and particularly relates to a technical system and a device for local regulation of physical and chemical properties of soil, accurate control of water and fertilizer of soil and cyclic utilization of the water and fertilizer of the soil.
Background
Blueberries, also known as bilberries, berry-type shrubs; the water requirement of blueberry production is very strict, the water requirement of blueberry production is not high or low, and the root rot of blueberry is caused by the overhigh water content of soil in the traditional irrigation mode during irrigation or continuous rainfall. The water and fertilizer are wasted and cannot be completely absorbed by soil when the water flow is too large, and the water and fertilizer are seriously wasted. The blueberry planting area is mostly mountainous and hilly, is dry, water source access and irrigation are inconvenient, and the high-efficiency utilization of irrigation water is very important for the high-efficiency production of blueberries. Traditional flood irrigation is also easy to cause agricultural surface contamination, such as water eutrophication or water and soil loss.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: solve a great deal of problem that current blueberry planting in-process irrigation mode exists.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the automatic underground blueberry scenting and irrigating system consists of a plurality of automatic scenting and irrigating devices and a wastewater recovery and treatment device, wherein the bottom of each automatic scenting and irrigating device is filled with scenting water matrix, the automatic scenting and irrigating devices are buried underground, the automatic scenting and irrigating devices are sequentially placed in established water and fertilizer pool ditches at intervals of 100cm, and the automatic scenting and irrigating devices are connected with the wastewater recovery and treatment device through openings in the outer wall.
A method for regulating and controlling water and fertilizer of rhizosphere soil by utilizing the automatic blueberry underground scenting and irrigating system is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the automatic underground blueberry scenting and irrigating system is used for scenting and irrigating blueberries from bottom to top, the scenting water matrix absorbs water and then scents and moistens the ground surface so as to keep the water demand of the roots of the blueberries, the automatic scenting and irrigating system is buried underground and used for timely showering and draining excessive water in soil so as to control the water content to reach the optimal water holding capacity of the blueberry soil, and meanwhile, the excessive water is collected for the automatic underground scenting and irrigating system to automatically supply water during drought; the automatic scenting and irrigating devices are sequentially placed in the built water and fertilizer pool ditch at an interval of 100cm, the depth of the water and fertilizer ditch is 25cm, so that the bottom of the automatic scenting and irrigating device is completely immersed in the water and fertilizer liquid, and an opening is formed in the position 5cm above the water and fertilizer ditch.
Preferably, the automatic scenting and filling device comprises a scenting water device and a nutrient soil bag, the scenting water device is arranged at the bottom of the nutrient soil bag, scenting water matrix is filled in the scenting water device, the scenting water device is in a funnel shape with a wide upper opening and a narrow lower opening, the upper opening and the lower opening are respectively provided with a net piece, the scenting water device is totally immersed in water and fertilizer liquid, the nutrient soil is filled in the nutrient soil bag, the nutrient soil is filled in the scenting water device, a water inlet is arranged at a gap between the scenting water device and the nutrient soil bag, the nutrient soil bag is provided with a water outlet at a combining part of the scenting water device and the nutrient soil, and the water inlet and the water outlet are connected to the wastewater recovery device through water pipes.
Preferably, the nutrient soil formula comprises: 30 wt% of river sand, 30 wt% of raw soil, 10 wt% of grass peat, 10 wt% of vinegar residue, 10 wt% of sheep manure and 10 wt% of tea residue.
Preferably, the wastewater recovery device comprises a recovery tank and a water and fertilizer tank, wherein the water outlet is connected into the recovery tank through a water pipe, and the wastewater enters the water and fertilizer tank after being treated by the purification tank for repeated scenting and irrigating.
Preferably, the diameter of the upper opening of the nutrient soil bag is 100cm, the diameter of the lower opening of the nutrient soil bag is 80cm, the height of the nutrient soil bag is 120cm, and the height of the scenting water device is 20 cm.
Preferably, the scenting water matrix formula is as follows: 30 wt% of coconut coir, 30 wt% of perlite, 30 wt% of turf and the other 10 wt%.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the water and fertilizer are wasted when the water flow is too large, and can not be completely absorbed by soil, so that the water and fertilizer are seriously wasted. The underground automatic scenting and irrigating mode is that the moisture is from bottom to top, the ground surface is scented with the moisture by the water absorbed by the formula substrate to keep the optimum moisture demand of the roots of the blueberries, and the surplus water and fertilizer are recycled, so that the recovery rate reaches 40 percent. The underground automatic scenting and irrigating mode can meet the strict requirement of blueberry production on soil moisture, the requirement of blueberry production on soil moisture is neither more nor less, the blueberry root rot is caused by the overhigh soil moisture content in the watering or continuous rainfall in the traditional irrigation mode, the underground automatic scenting and irrigating mode can timely drain the excessive moisture in the soil to control the moisture content to reach the optimal moisture holding capacity of the blueberry soil, and meanwhile, the excessive moisture is harvested to be supplied to an automatic scenting and irrigating system for water supply in a dry land.
Secondly, the operation is simple and labor-saving: this irrigation mode is fool's mode of operation, and is simple to the operator, promptly to the water in liquid manure pond in time supply fill can, expected a workman can manage 100 mu fields and water, fertilize, simultaneously water conservation festival fertile, reduce agricultural face source contamination.
Thirdly, the efficient water and fertilizer control can effectively regulate and control the biological environment of blueberry rhizosphere, promote the proliferation of beneficial microorganisms and provide a good root soil environment for blueberry production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for regulating and controlling water and fertilizer of rhizosphere soil by automatic underground blueberry scenting and irrigating;
wherein, a-a water return pipe, b-a recovery tank, c-a purification tank, D-a fertilizer tank, e-a pump room, f-a water inlet pipe and D-an automatic scenting and irrigating device.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the automatic scenting and filling device and its components;
FIG. 3 is a dynamic change diagram of the suction force of blueberry underground scenting irrigated soil water;
FIG. 4 is a Venn diagram of OTU distribution of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil of an automatically scented tank and conventionally cultivated blueberry plants;
FIGS. 5 and 6 are the relative abundance of bacteria of phyla (A) and genera (B) in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil of conventionally cultivated and scented blueberry plants, respectively;
wherein PNR is conventionally cultivated non-rhizosphere soil, PR is conventionally cultivated non-rhizosphere soil, HR is scenting blueberry rhizosphere soil, and HNR is scenting blueberry non-rhizosphere;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the dynamic change of soil water suction force in conventional blueberry cultivation;
FIG. 8 is a picture of blueberry rotten root withering caused by poor drainage under conventional cultivation.
Detailed Description
The following examples are included to provide further detailed description of the present invention and to provide those skilled in the art with a more complete, concise, and exact understanding of the principles and spirit of the invention.
Example 1: the blueberry is cultivated by the method and the device for regulating and controlling the water and the fertilizer as follows:
the automatic underground scenting and irrigating system (shown in figure 1) is composed of a plurality of automatic scenting and irrigating devices (shown in figure 2D) and a wastewater recovery and treatment device, wherein a scenting water substrate is filled at the bottom of the automatic scenting and irrigating devices, the scenting water substrate is scented on the ground after absorbing water to keep the moisture demand of the roots of the blueberries, the automatic scenting and irrigating devices are buried underground and are used for timely showering and expelling excessive moisture in the soil to control the moisture content to reach the optimal moisture holding capacity of the blueberry soil, and meanwhile, the excessive moisture is collected for the water of the automatic underground scenting and irrigating system during drought to be automatically supplemented; the automatic scenting and filling device is sequentially placed in a built water-fertilizer pool ditch at an interval of 100cm, the depth of the water-fertilizer ditch is 25cm, so that the bottom of the automatic scenting and filling device is completely immersed in water-fertilizer liquid, an opening is formed in the position 5cm above the water-fertilizer ditch, and the automatic scenting and filling device is connected with a wastewater recovery device through the opening in the outer wall.
The automatic scenting and filling device comprises a scenting water device (shown in figure 2B) and a nutrient soil bag (shown in figure 2C), wherein the scenting water device is arranged at the bottom of the nutrient soil bag, scenting water matrix is filled in the scenting water device, the scenting water device is in a funnel shape with a wide upper opening and a narrow lower opening, meshes (shown in figure 2A) are arranged at the upper opening and the lower opening, the scenting water device is totally immersed in water and fertilizer liquid, nutrient soil is filled in the nutrient soil bag, the nutrient soil is filled on the scenting water device, a water inlet is arranged at a gap between the scenting water device and the nutrient soil bag, a water outlet is arranged at the combining part of the scenting water device and the nutrient soil, and the water inlet and the water outlet are connected to a wastewater recovery device through a water pipe. The wastewater recovery device comprises a recovery tank and a water and fertilizer tank, wherein the water outlet is connected into the recovery tank through a water return pipe, and the wastewater enters the water and fertilizer tank after being treated by the purification tank, and is pumped into the water inlet through the water inlet pipe through the pump room so as to be recycled for repeated scenting and irrigating. As shown in figure 2C, the nutrition soil bag has an upper opening diameter of 100cm, a lower opening diameter of 80cm, and a height of 120cm, and the scenting water device has a height of 20 cm. The blueberries are planted in the nutrient soil of the automatic scenting and irrigating device.
In the embodiment, the nutrient soil formula (mass fraction): 30 wt% of river sand, 30 wt% of raw soil, 10 wt% of grass peat, 10 wt% of vinegar residue, 10 wt% of sheep manure and 10 wt% of tea residue. The formula of the nutrient soil can be properly adjusted according to the local actual cultivation experience.
In this embodiment, the scenting water matrix formula (mass fraction) is as follows: 30 wt% of coconut coir, 30 wt% of perlite, 30 wt% of turf and 10 wt% of other conventional components. The scenting water matrix is based on the principle of good permeability, fluffy and good water absorption, and can generate siphon effect.
The method and the device for regulating and controlling the water and fertilizer of the rhizosphere soil through the underground automatic blueberry scenting and irrigating ensure the strict and stable water demand of blueberry growth. The blueberry underground automatic inspection and irrigation method can automatically drain water in rainy seasons, the soil water suction force of a 0-50 cm soil layer is always over 10kPa, and the soil also keeps good permeability in rainy seasons; in the 7 months of drought, the water suction force of the 0-50 cm layer of soil is below 20kPa through the underground automatic inspection and irrigation device, and the water content of the soil is very suitable for blueberry growth (as shown in figure 3).
The underground automatic scenting and irrigating mode is that the water is from bottom to top, the water is siphoned by the scenting water matrix to absorb water and scents the blueberry to the ground surface to keep the water demand of the roots of the blueberries, and the surplus water and fertilizer are recycled, so that the recovery rate reaches 40 percent. The underground automatic inspection and irrigation mode is a fool operation mode, is simple for an operator, namely, water in a basin can be filled, and one worker can manage watering and fertilizing in a 100-mu field, and meanwhile, water and fertilizer are saved, and agricultural surface source contamination is reduced.
Comparative example: blueberry planting is carried out in the same period as the place of the example 1 by adopting a conventional ground planting mode:
the low mountain and hilly area of the Ningzhen poplar is rainy but unevenly distributed, and soil is closed due to adhesion, and the soil is muddy in two times and has poor permeability; during drought, the soil is hardened, and the growth of the blueberries is seriously influenced: serious disease and suddenly reduced yield. The following table shows the climatic conditions of the blueberry bases in Nanjing Lishu area from 5 months in 2018 to 7 months in 2018 during the flowering and fruiting period of blueberries, in 5 months, rains basically every day, and in 7 months, rains are rare (see table 1).
TABLE 1 rainfall distribution of 5-7 months of blueberry bases in Nanjing Lishui area
The rainfall distribution of 5-7 months of Bama blueberry base in Nanjing Li water area has great influence on the dynamic change of soil moisture, fig. 3 shows the dynamic change of soil water potential under the conventional cultivation condition of blueberries, excessive rainfall in 5 months leads to overhigh soil moisture content in 0-50 cm soil layers, poor soil permeability and unfavorable growth of blueberries, too little rainfall in 7 months leads to great reduction of soil moisture, soil water absorption is higher than 40kPa, and accordingly, the blueberries are arid (as shown in fig. 7 and 8), long-time overcast and rainy in 5 months in 18 years and 5 months, poor water drainage, soil water suction is basically lower than 5kPa, and accordingly, the blueberries have serious rotten roots (fig. 8 left), less rain in 7 months and dry, and more few blueberries are withered (fig. 8 right).
The biological properties of the blueberry growing soil in example 1 and the control example are measured and compared, and the results are as follows:
the method and the device for regulating and controlling the water and fertilizer of the rhizosphere soil through automatic underground blueberry scenting and irrigating greatly improve the biological property of blueberry growing soil (as shown in figure 4), and the OTU at a similar level of 97% is generally subjected to biological information statistical analysis. A total of 1283 OTUs are generated, and the number of OTUs is sorted: scenting and irrigating non-rhizospheric soil > scenting and irrigating rhizospheric soil > conventional cultivating rhizospheric soil, wherein the conventional cultivating non-rhizospheric soil-conventional cultivating rhizospheric soil has an OTU number of 496, the conventional cultivating non-rhizospheric soil-scenting and irrigating non-rhizospheric soil has an OTU number of 942, the conventional cultivating rhizospheric soil-scenting and irrigating rhizospheric soil has an OTU number of 590, and the scenting and irrigating rhizospheric soil-scenting and irrigating non-rhizospheric soil has an OTU number of 781.
The Alpha diversity index can be represented by Chao1, observed _ speces, PD-whole-tree, Shannon index, etc., which can reflect the abundance and diversity of microorganisms. From the Alpha polytypic index of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of surface-scented-irrigated and conventionally cultivated blueberries: the order of the magnitudes of the indexes of Chao1 in each sample is: conventional cultivation rhizosphere soil < scenting irrigation non-rhizosphere soil, Shannon, observed _ species and PD-whole-tree have the index and size sequence as follows: conventional cultivation rhizosphere soil < scenting irrigation non-rhizosphere soil < conventional cultivation non-rhizosphere soil, so that species abundance and diversity of microorganisms in the rhizosphere soil are poor, and species abundance and diversity of microorganisms in conventionally cultivated blueberry rhizosphere soil are poorer than those in scenting irrigation blueberry rhizosphere soil (as shown in table 2).
TABLE 2 Alpha diversity index of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of scented and conventionally cultivated blueberries
Note: different letters in the same column indicate significant (P.ltoreq.0.05) differences between the four groups of samples. Values are mean ± sem.
From fig. 5 and 6, it can be seen that the relative abundance of bacteria of phyla (a) and genera (B) in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil of conventionally cultivated and scented blueberry plants is known, and at the phyla classification level, the soil samples mainly comprise Proteobacteria, Acidobacter, Actinobacter a and Chroflexi, and the relative abundance of the four bacteria is higher, and in the four groups of samples, Proteobacteria is the most in conventionally cultivated rhizosphere blueberry soil. Acidobacteria and Chroflexi are the least abundant in rhizosphere soil of conventionally cultivated blueberries. At the genus classification level, the relative abundance of unidentified, Mizugakibacter Rhodanobacter, gamma _ proteobacter m _ OR-113, Castellaniella, Acidobacterium, Bryobacter in soil samples is greater.
The results show that the excellent water and fertilizer control effect can effectively improve or remarkably improve the biological activity of the blueberry root soil, provide an excellent soil environment for the growth of the blueberries and have great benefits for the growth and production of the blueberries.
In summary, in the conventional irrigation, water and fertilizer are wasted from top to bottom, and cannot be completely absorbed by soil when water flows are too large, so that water and fertilizer are seriously wasted. The underground automatic scenting and irrigating mode is that the moisture is from bottom to top, the ground surface is scented with the moisture by the water absorbed by the formula substrate to keep the optimum moisture demand of the blueberry root, and the surplus water and fertilizer are recycled, so that the recovery rate reaches 40 percent. The underground automatic scenting and irrigating mode can meet the strict requirement of blueberry production on soil moisture, the requirement of blueberry production on soil moisture is neither more nor less, the traditional irrigating mode causes blueberry root rot due to overhigh soil moisture content when water is irrigated or rainfall occurs in successive days, the underground automatic scenting and irrigating mode can timely drain excessive moisture in soil to control the moisture content to reach the optimal moisture holding capacity of blueberry soil, and simultaneously, the excessive moisture is harvested and supplied to an automatic scenting and irrigating system for water supply in dry land.
Secondly, the operation is simple and labor-saving: this irrigation mode is fool's mode of operation, and is simple to the operator, promptly to the water in liquid manure pond in time supply fill can, expected a workman can manage 100 mu fields and water, fertilize, simultaneously water conservation festival fertile, reduce agricultural face source contamination.
Thirdly, the efficient water and fertilizer control can effectively regulate and control the biological environment of blueberry rhizosphere, promote the proliferation of beneficial microorganisms and provide a good root soil environment for blueberry production.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea proposed by the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention; the technology not related to the invention can be realized by the prior art.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an automatic basement system of irritating in blueberry underground which characterized in that: the automatic underground blueberry scenting and irrigating system comprises a plurality of automatic scenting and irrigating devices and a wastewater recovery and treatment device, wherein the bottom of each automatic scenting and irrigating device is filled with a scenting water matrix, each automatic scenting and irrigating device is buried underground, the automatic scenting and irrigating devices are sequentially placed in a built water and fertilizer pool ditch at intervals of 100cm, and each automatic scenting and irrigating device is connected with the wastewater recovery device through an opening in the outer wall.
2. A method for regulating and controlling water and fertilizer of rhizosphere soil by utilizing the blueberry underground automatic scenting and irrigating system of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the automatic underground blueberry scenting and irrigating system is used for scenting and irrigating blueberries from bottom to top, the scenting water matrix absorbs water and then scents and moistens the ground surface so as to keep the water demand of the roots of the blueberries, the automatic scenting and irrigating system is buried underground and used for timely showering and draining excessive water in soil so as to control the water content to reach the optimal water holding capacity of the blueberry soil, and meanwhile, the excessive water is collected for the automatic underground scenting and irrigating system to automatically supply water during drought; the automatic scenting and irrigating devices are sequentially placed in the built water and fertilizer pool ditch at an interval of 100cm, the depth of the water and fertilizer ditch is 25cm, so that the bottom of the automatic scenting and irrigating device is completely immersed in the water and fertilizer liquid, and an opening is formed in the position 5cm above the water and fertilizer ditch.
3. The method for regulating and controlling the water and fertilizer of the rhizosphere soil through the automatic underground blueberry scenting and irrigating method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that: the automatic scenting and filling device comprises a scenting water device and a nutrient soil bag, the scenting water device is arranged at the bottom of the nutrient soil bag, a scenting water matrix is filled in the scenting water device, the scenting water device is in a funnel shape with a wide upper opening and a narrow lower opening, the upper opening and the lower opening are both provided with meshes, the scenting water device is totally immersed in water and fertilizer liquid, the nutrient soil is filled in the nutrient soil bag, the nutrient soil is filled in the scenting water device, a water inlet is arranged at a gap between the scenting water device and the nutrient soil bag, a water outlet is formed in the combining part of the scenting water device and the nutrient soil, and the water inlet and the water outlet are connected to a wastewater recovery device through water pipes.
4. The method for regulating and controlling the water and fertilizer of the rhizosphere soil through the automatic underground blueberry scenting and irrigating method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the nutrient soil formula comprises: 30 wt% of river sand, 30 wt% of raw soil, 10 wt% of grass peat, 10 wt% of vinegar residue, 10 wt% of sheep manure and 10 wt% of tea residue.
5. The method for regulating and controlling the water and fertilizer of the rhizosphere soil through the automatic underground blueberry scenting and irrigating method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that: the wastewater recovery device comprises a recovery tank and a water and fertilizer tank, wherein the water outlet is connected into the recovery tank through a water pipe, and the wastewater enters the water and fertilizer tank after being treated by the purification tank for repeated scenting and irrigating.
6. The method for regulating and controlling the water and fertilizer of the rhizosphere soil through automatic underground scenting and irrigating blueberries as claimed in claim 4, wherein the diameter of the upper opening of the nutrient soil bag is 100cm, the diameter of the lower opening of the nutrient soil bag is 80cm, the height of the nutrient soil bag is 120cm, and the height of the scenting and irrigating device is 20 cm.
7. The method for regulating and controlling the water and fertilizer of rhizosphere soil through automatic underground scenting and irrigating blueberries as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the scenting water matrix formula is as follows: 30 wt% of coconut coir, 30 wt% of perlite, 30 wt% of turf and the other 10 wt%.
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Application publication date: 20201208 |