CN111955724A - Preparation method of beautiful millettia root freeze-dried tablets - Google Patents

Preparation method of beautiful millettia root freeze-dried tablets Download PDF

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CN111955724A
CN111955724A CN202010877447.2A CN202010877447A CN111955724A CN 111955724 A CN111955724 A CN 111955724A CN 202010877447 A CN202010877447 A CN 202010877447A CN 111955724 A CN111955724 A CN 111955724A
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freeze
beautiful millettia
drying
millettia root
temperature
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CN111955724B (en
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蔡传孟
欧一忠
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Hainan Zhengshengtang Food Technology Co ltd
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Hainan Zhengshengtang Food Technology Co ltd
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    • A23L33/00Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L2/00Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
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    • A23L2/39Dry compositions
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    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L23/00Soups; Sauces; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L23/10Soup concentrates, e.g. powders or cakes
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    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
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    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/40Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by drying or kilning; Subsequent reconstitution
    • A23L3/44Freeze-drying
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L5/00Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
    • A23L5/20Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
    • A23L5/27Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification by chemical treatment, by adsorption or by absorption
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/48Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
    • A61K36/486Millettia
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/08Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
    • A61K47/12Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
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    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61K47/26Carbohydrates, e.g. sugar alcohols, amino sugars, nucleic acids, mono-, di- or oligo-saccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates, sorbitan fatty acid esters or glycyrrhizin
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    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61K47/30Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
    • A61K47/36Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
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    • A61K2236/10Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
    • A61K2236/17Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving drying, e.g. sun-drying or wilting

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Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a beautiful millettia root freeze-dried tablet, which comprises the following steps: the preparation process of the beautiful millettia root freeze-dried tablet can preserve nutrient components of the product to the maximum extent, has good rehydration, can quickly absorb water after freeze-drying and reduce the water to a state before freeze-drying, is thorough in dehydration, and is suitable for long-distance transportation and long-term preservation.

Description

Preparation method of beautiful millettia root freeze-dried tablets
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of food processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a beautiful millettia root freeze-dried tablet.
Background
Millettia speciosa (Millettia speciosa) F.) Roxb is root of Millettia speciosa (Millettia speciosa) F.) Mill of Millettia of Leguminosae, also called Millettia speciosa (Millettia speciosa) F.) Roxb., Millettia speciosa (Millettia speciosa) F.) Roxb., Mill. Beautiful millettia root is mainly produced in Guangxi, and is distributed in Guangdong, Hainan and Vietnam. Beautiful millettia root has the effects of tonifying waist and kidney, strengthening tendons and bones, and having different degrees of influence on immune function, respiratory system diseases, hematopoietic system diseases, liver and the like, such as the effects of promoting immune system recovery, relieving cough and asthma, improving the quantity and function of hematopoietic cells, protecting liver and the like. The main chemical components of the beautiful millettia root are as follows: the polysaccharide and the flavonoid compounds have close relationship with disease improvement and immunity improvement.
The sweet and the beautiful millettia root contain the Korean sophoricine, and the content of the Korean sophoricine in the sweet beautiful millettia root is much higher than that of the beautiful millettia root. The Korean sophoricoside has certain effects of inhibiting tumor, inhibiting bacterial activity, etc. The pterocarpin compounds separated from the beautiful millettia root mainly comprise two types of medecine and high pterocarpin, are widely distributed in nature and are one of effective components of various medicaments, and researches show that the pterocarpin compounds have various effects of inhibiting the activity of staphylococcus aureus, inhibiting the proliferation of liver cancer cells, inhibiting the proliferation of human colon cancer cells, resisting oxidation and the like. Isoliquiritigenin is a flavonoid compound separated from root and stem of licorice, and can protect intestinal tract function and repair damaged blood vessel by inhibiting activity of inflammatory factors such as IL-I beta and IL-6, and can inhibit proliferation of human liver cancer cell and proliferation and differentiation of glioma stem cell.
At present, the beautiful millettia root is prepared into a freeze-dried tablet which is convenient for people to use, the beautiful millettia root can be used for soaking water or cooking soup, the freeze-dried tablet on the market is mostly subjected to freeze drying, the freeze drying is a multi-step process, various stresses can be generated to denature the product, the conditions such as low-temperature stress, freeze stress, drying stress and the like are met, the active ingredients of the beautiful millettia root are lost by the traditional freeze-drying method, the drying rate is low, the drying time is long, the energy consumption in the drying process and the investment on drying equipment are high, and the beautiful millettia root freeze-.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a preparation method of a beautiful millettia root freeze-dried tablet, which solves the above problems.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a preparation method of beautiful millettia root freeze-dried tablets comprises the following steps:
s1, taking fresh beautiful millettia roots, cleaning, peeling, airing, and cutting into 1-5 mm thick slices;
s2, soaking the beautiful millettia root slices in a freeze-drying protective agent at the temperature of 45-52 ℃ for 20-80 min, wherein the freeze-drying protective agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of mannitol, 0.2-3 parts of glucan, 0.1-0.3 part of citrate, 0.3-0.5 part of fish glue protein and 3-5 parts of deionized water;
s3, carrying out primary vacuum freeze drying at the temperature of-1-3 ℃, the water vapor pressure of 600-800 Pa and the vacuum degree of 20-50 Pa; adjusting the temperature to be-5 to-10 ℃, the water vapor pressure to be 300 to 500Pa and the vacuum degree to be 40 to 70Pa, and carrying out secondary vacuum freeze drying; adjusting the temperature to-1-3 ℃, the water vapor pressure to 600-800 Pa, and the vacuum degree to 20-50 Pa, and carrying out three times of vacuum freeze drying.
Further, the cleaning is performed by a roller brush type cleaning method.
Further, the angle of the slice is 45 °.
Further, the mass ratio of the freeze-drying protective agent to the bovine radix aconiti kusnezoffii tablets is 2-4: 0.5.
Further, the primary drying time in the step S3 is 40-80S.
Further, the secondary drying time in the step S3 is 30-50S.
Further, the drying time for three times in the step S3 is 40-70S.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the preparation process of the beautiful millettia root freeze-dried tablet can preserve nutrient components of a product to the maximum extent, wherein the freeze-drying protective agent plays a role in protection, can form a vitrification state of a protective agent-water mixture, and forms a structural membrane during freeze-drying to maintain the stability of the three-dimensional structure of beautiful millettia root molecules, thereby playing a role in protection; the bitter taste removing effect is achieved, and the combination of the raw materials of the protective agent can effectively reduce a small amount of bitter substances of the beautiful millettia root, reduce bitter components and improve the taste; in addition, in the multiple temperature and pressure changing treatments, heat-sensitive substances in the product are retained, the product is not easy to oxidize and deteriorate, and can be sterilized or inhibit the activity of certain bacteria due to oxygen deficiency.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention can be obtained commercially without specific description.
Example 1
A preparation method of beautiful millettia root freeze-dried tablets comprises the following steps:
s1, taking fresh cattle with great strength, cleaning, peeling and airing by a roller brush, and cutting into slices with the thickness of 1mm and the angle of 45 degrees;
s2, soaking the beautiful millettia root slices in a freeze-drying protective agent, wherein the mass ratio of the freeze-drying protective agent to the beautiful millettia root slices is 2:0.5, the soaking temperature is 45 ℃, and the soaking time is 20 min; the freeze-drying protective agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of mannitol, 0.2 part of glucan, 0.1 part of citrate, 0.3 part of fish glue protein and 3 parts of deionized water.
S3, carrying out primary vacuum freeze drying for 40S at the temperature of-1 ℃, the water vapor pressure of 600Pa and the vacuum degree of 20 Pa; adjusting the temperature to-5 ℃, the water vapor pressure to 300Pa and the vacuum degree to 40Pa, and performing secondary vacuum freeze drying for 30 s; adjusting the temperature to-1 ℃, the water vapor pressure to 600Pa and the vacuum degree to 20Pa, and carrying out vacuum freeze drying for three times for 40 s.
Example 2
S1, taking fresh cattle with great strength, cleaning, peeling and airing by a roller brush, and cutting into slices with the thickness of 5mm and the angle of 45 degrees;
s2, soaking the beautiful millettia root slices in a freeze-drying protective agent, wherein the mass ratio of the freeze-drying protective agent to the beautiful millettia root slices is 4:0.5, the soaking temperature is 52 ℃, and the soaking time is 80 min; the freeze-drying protective agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of mannitol, 3 parts of glucan, 0.3 part of citrate, 0.5 part of fish glue protein and 5 parts of deionized water.
S3, carrying out primary vacuum freeze drying for 80S at the temperature of 3 ℃, the water vapor pressure of 800Pa and the vacuum degree of 50 Pa; adjusting the temperature to-10 ℃, the water vapor pressure to 500Pa and the vacuum degree to 70Pa, and performing secondary vacuum freeze drying for 50 s; adjusting the temperature to 3 ℃, the water vapor pressure to 800Pa and the vacuum degree to 50Pa, and carrying out vacuum freeze drying for three times for 70 s.
Example 3
S1, taking fresh cattle with great strength, cleaning, peeling and airing by a roller brush, and cutting into slices with the thickness of 3mm and the angle of 45 degrees;
s2, soaking the beautiful millettia root slices in a freeze-drying protective agent, wherein the mass ratio of the freeze-drying protective agent to the beautiful millettia root slices is 3:0.5, the soaking temperature is 50 ℃, and the soaking time is 50 min; the freeze-drying protective agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of mannitol, 1.3 parts of glucan, 0.2 part of citrate, 0.4 part of fish glue protein and 4 parts of deionized water.
S3, carrying out primary vacuum freeze drying for 60S at the temperature of 2 ℃, the water vapor pressure of 700Pa and the vacuum degree of 40 Pa; adjusting the temperature to-8 ℃, the water vapor pressure to 400Pa and the vacuum degree to 50Pa, and performing secondary vacuum freeze drying for 40 s; adjusting the temperature to 2 ℃, the water vapor pressure to 700Pa and the vacuum degree to 30Pa, and carrying out three times of vacuum freeze drying for 50 s.
Example 4
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 3 is that the lyoprotectant comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of mannitol, 0.1 part of glucan, 0.5 part of citrate, 0.2 part of fish glue protein and 2 parts of deionized water.
Example 5
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 3 is that the mass ratio of the freeze-drying protective agent to the bovine dahlia tablet is 3: 1.
Example 6
This example differs from example 3 in that the three drying times are all 100 s.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example differs from example 3 in that the temperature of soaking the bovine DALI tablet in the lyoprotectant is 30 ℃.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 3 in that the bovine uli tablet was not soaked in the lyoprotectant.
Comparative example 3
The difference between the comparative example and the example 3 is that the temperature of the three times of freeze drying in the step S3 is-1 to 3 ℃, the water vapor pressure is 600 to 800Pa, and the vacuum degree is 20 to 50 Pa.
Comparative example 4
The difference between the comparative example and the example 3 is that the step S3 is only freeze-dried once, the temperature is-1 to 3 ℃, the water vapor pressure is 600 to 800Pa, and the vacuum degree is 20 to 50 Pa.
Firstly, product structure determination
The lyophilized tablets of beautiful millettia root prepared in the above examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were subjected to moisture content, rehydration, color and state measurement.
Moisture content (%) Rehydration Property (%) Color and state
Example 1 3.4 92.6 Complete sheet shape, yellow-white
Example 2 3.2 93.4 Complete sheet shape, yellow-white
Example 3 2.8 95.6 Complete sheet shape, yellow-white
Example 4 3.3 88.7 Fine, flaky and yellowish
Example 5 3.4 82.9 Fine flakes, yellow-white
Example 6 3.8 80.6 Fine, flaky and yellowish
Comparative example 1 3.4 74.6 Fine, yellow and white flakesColor(s)
Comparative example 2 3.8 73.3 Slightly broken and yellowish flakes
Comparative example 3 4.8 71.6 Fine, crumbly and yellow flakes
Comparative example 4 4.5 70.9 Slight broken and yellow flakes
As can be seen from the above table, in the examples 1 to 6, compared with the comparative example 1, the temperature adjustment of soaking in the freeze-drying protective agent has a certain influence on the structure of the beautiful millettia root, and the beautiful millettia root can well protect the state structure of the beautiful millettia root under the freeze-drying protective agent at a specific temperature; compared with comparative example 2, the freeze-drying protective agent plays a role in protection, can form a vitrification state of a protective agent-water mixture, forms a structural membrane during freeze-drying, maintains the stability of the three-dimensional structure of the beautiful millettia root molecules, and plays a role in protection, compared with comparative examples 3 and 4, the repeated temperature and pressure changing treatment is more beneficial to keeping the thermosensitive substances of the beautiful millettia root and is not easy to oxidize, the beautiful millettia root can quickly absorb water and reduce to the state before freeze-drying, and the rehydration property is excellent; compared with the examples 1-3 and the examples 4 and 5, the freeze-drying protective agent has scientific proportion and specific proportion of the protective agent and the product, and can play a role more synergistically, and compared with the example 6, the instant freeze-drying effect is better under a specific process.
Secondly, measuring the content of the product components
The freeze-dried tablets of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were subjected to determination of the content of the nutritional ingredients therein, and the determination results were as follows:
Figure BDA0002653044700000061
the above table shows that the radix millettiae speciosae freeze-dried tablets prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention are rich in nutrient components, wherein freeze-drying protection can completely protect nutrient substances of radix millettiae speciosae per se, and the loss of active ingredients in the freeze-drying process is reduced.
Third, determination of debitterizing Effect
(1) The beautiful millettia root freeze-dried tablets prepared by the methods of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 4 and commercially sold beautiful millettia root freeze-dried tablets are rehydrated and drunk, the bitter taste value of the beautiful millettia root freeze-dried tablets is measured by a scale method of sensory evaluation, 100 sensory evaluators with normal taste are screened, and samples with different bitter taste degrees can be distinguished when the age is 20 to 40 years old;
(2) bitterness criteria:
Figure BDA0002653044700000062
Figure BDA0002653044700000071
(3) sensory analysis results:
Figure BDA0002653044700000072
the experiment shows that the freeze-drying protective agent also has the properties of debittering and bitter taste masking, reduces the bitter taste of the beautiful millettia root, and enhances the palatability of the beautiful millettia root freeze-dried tablets.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (7)

1. A preparation method of beautiful millettia root freeze-dried tablets is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, taking fresh beautiful millettia roots, cleaning, peeling, airing, and cutting into 1-5 mm thick slices;
s2, soaking the beautiful millettia root slices in a freeze-drying protective agent at the temperature of 45-52 ℃ for 20-80 min, wherein the freeze-drying protective agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of mannitol, 0.2-3 parts of glucan, 0.1-0.3 part of citrate, 0.3-0.5 part of fish glue protein and 3-5 parts of deionized water;
s3, carrying out primary vacuum freeze drying at the temperature of-1-3 ℃, the water vapor pressure of 600-800 Pa and the vacuum degree of 20-50 Pa; adjusting the temperature to be-5 to-10 ℃, the water vapor pressure to be 300 to 500Pa and the vacuum degree to be 40 to 70Pa, and carrying out secondary vacuum freeze drying; adjusting the temperature to-1-3 ℃, the water vapor pressure to 600-800 Pa, and the vacuum degree to 20-50 Pa, and carrying out three times of vacuum freeze drying.
2. The method for preparing the beautiful millettia root freeze-dried tablet as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the cleaning adopts roller brush type cleaning.
3. The method for preparing the beautiful millettia root freeze-dried tablet as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the angle of the slice is 45 °.
4. The method for preparing the beautiful millettia root freeze-dried tablet as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the mass ratio of the freeze-drying protective agent to the bovine radix aconiti kusnezoffii tablets is 2-4: 0.5.
5. The method for preparing the beautiful millettia root freeze-dried tablet as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: and the primary drying time in the step S3 is 40-80S.
6. The method for preparing the beautiful millettia root freeze-dried tablet as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: and in the step S3, the secondary drying time is 30-50S.
7. The method for preparing the beautiful millettia root freeze-dried tablet as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: and in the step S3, the drying time for three times is 40-70S.
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CN117502642A (en) * 2023-11-29 2024-02-06 山东省农业科学院 Preparation method of instant food with homology of medicine and food

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CN103445227A (en) * 2013-08-22 2013-12-18 福州亿达食品有限公司 Processing method of sliced freeze-dried abalone
CN106072542A (en) * 2016-06-23 2016-11-09 桂林亦元生现代生物技术有限公司 A kind of Millettia Speciosa decoction pieces and preparation method thereof
CN106418326A (en) * 2016-09-26 2017-02-22 广东中兴绿丰农业科技发展有限公司 Manufacturing method of freeze-dried fruit slices
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117502642A (en) * 2023-11-29 2024-02-06 山东省农业科学院 Preparation method of instant food with homology of medicine and food
CN117502642B (en) * 2023-11-29 2024-06-14 山东省农业科学院 Preparation method of instant food with homology of medicine and food

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Denomination of invention: A preparation method of Niu Dali freeze-dried tablets

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