CN111955724B - Preparation method of millettia speciosa freeze-dried tablet - Google Patents

Preparation method of millettia speciosa freeze-dried tablet Download PDF

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CN111955724B
CN111955724B CN202010877447.2A CN202010877447A CN111955724B CN 111955724 B CN111955724 B CN 111955724B CN 202010877447 A CN202010877447 A CN 202010877447A CN 111955724 B CN111955724 B CN 111955724B
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freeze
drying
millettia speciosa
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CN111955724A (en
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蔡传孟
欧一忠
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Hainan Zhengshengtang Food Technology Co ltd
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    • A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
    • A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
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    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
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Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a millettia speciosa champ freeze-dried tablet, which comprises the following steps: the preparation process of the millettia speciosa champ freeze-dried tablet can preserve the nutrient components of the product to the greatest extent, has good rehydration, can quickly absorb water and restore to a state before freeze-drying after freeze-drying, is thoroughly dehydrated, and is suitable for long-distance transportation and long-term storage.

Description

Preparation method of millettia speciosa freeze-dried tablet
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of food processing, in particular to a preparation method of a millettia speciosa champ freeze-dried tablet.
Background
The Millettia speciosa is the root of the plant of the genus Millettia speciosa (Millettiaspeciose Champ) of the family Leguminosae, also known as sweet Millettia speciosa, and the like, and the Millettia speciosa stem is also frequently eaten in folks. Cattle are mainly produced in Guangxi, and meanwhile, guangdong, hainan, vietnam and the like are distributed. The cattle force not only can tonify waist and kidney and strengthen tendons and bones, but also has different effects on immune function, respiratory system diseases, hematopoietic system diseases, liver and the like, such as promoting immune system recovery, relieving cough and asthma, improving hematopoietic cell number and functions, protecting liver and the like. The main chemical components of the millettia speciosa champ: polysaccharide and flavonoid compounds are closely related to disease improvement and immunity improvement.
The sweet and bitter millettia root contains Gao Lihuai elements, and the Gao Lihuai element content in the sweet and bitter millettia root is far higher than the bitter millettia root content. Gao Lihuai has certain effects in inhibiting tumor and inhibiting bacterial activity. The pterocarpan compounds separated from the bullion mainly comprise midbody pterocarpan and pterocarpan, the pterocarpan compounds are widely distributed in the nature and are one of the active ingredients of various medicines, and researches show that the pterocarpan compounds have various effects of inhibiting staphylococcus aureus activity, inhibiting liver cancer cell proliferation, inhibiting human colon cancer cell proliferation, resisting oxidization and the like. The isoliquiritigenin is a flavonoid compound separated from roots and stems of liquorice, and can play roles in protecting intestinal functions and repairing damaged blood vessels by inhibiting the activities of inflammatory factors such as IL-I beta, IL-6 and the like, and can also play a plurality of roles by inhibiting proliferation of human liver cancer cells, proliferation and differentiation of glioma stem cells and the like.
The conventional freeze-drying method causes the radix millettiae speciosae to lose active ingredients, and has the problems of low drying rate, long drying time, high energy consumption in the drying process, high investment in drying equipment and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for preparing a freeze-dried tablet of millettia speciosa champ, which solves the above problems.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a preparation method of a millettia speciosa freeze-dried tablet comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning, peeling and airing fresh beautiful millettia root, and cutting into the thickness of 1-5 mm;
s2, soaking the millettia speciosa champ slices in a freeze-drying protective agent at the temperature of 45-52 ℃ for 20-80 min, wherein the freeze-drying protective agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 to 5 parts of mannitol, 0.2 to 3 parts of glucan, 0.1 to 0.3 part of citrate, 0.3 to 0.5 part of fish gelatin protein and 3 to 5 parts of deionized water;
s3, performing primary vacuum freeze drying at the temperature of-1 to 3 ℃ and the water vapor pressure of 600 to 800Pa and the vacuum degree of 20 to 50 Pa; regulating the temperature to be-5 to-10 ℃, and performing secondary vacuum freeze drying under the conditions that the water vapor pressure is 300-500 Pa and the vacuum degree is 40-70 Pa; the temperature is regulated to be between minus 1 and 3 ℃, the vapor pressure of water is between 600 and 800Pa, and the vacuum degree is between 20 and 50Pa, and the three times of vacuum freeze drying are carried out.
Further, the cleaning adopts roller brush type cleaning.
Further, the angle of the slice is 45 °.
Further, the mass ratio of the freeze-drying protective agent to the millettia speciosa champ tablet is 2-4:0.5.
Further, the primary drying time in the step S3 is 40-80S.
Further, the secondary drying time in the step S3 is 30-50S.
Further, the three times of drying time in the step S3 is 40-70S.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the preparation process of the millettia speciosa champ freeze-dried tablet can preserve nutrient components of products to the greatest extent, wherein the freeze-drying protective agent plays a role in protection, a vitrification state of a protective agent-water mixture can be formed, and a structural film is formed during freeze-drying, so that the stability of the three-dimensional structure of millettia speciosa champ molecules is maintained, and the protection effect is played; the composition of the raw materials of the protective agent can effectively reduce a small amount of bitter substances of the millettia speciosa champ, reduce bitter components and improve the taste; in addition, in the multiple temperature and pressure changing treatment, heat-sensitive substances in the product are kept, the product is not easy to oxidize and deteriorate, meanwhile, the product can be sterilized or inhibit the activity of certain bacteria due to lack of oxygen, the product can form a framework after being frozen and dried, the product can keep round after being dried, a porous structure is formed, the color is basically unchanged, the rehydration is good, the freeze-dried product can be quickly absorbed and reduced to a state before freeze-drying, the dehydration is thorough, and the freeze-dried product is suitable for long-distance transportation and long-term storage.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, the following provides specific examples to further illustrate the present invention.
The experimental methods used in the embodiment of the invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
Materials, reagents, and the like used in the examples of the present invention are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A preparation method of a millettia speciosa freeze-dried tablet comprises the following steps:
s1, taking fresh millettia speciosa champ, cleaning and peeling by a roller brush, airing, cutting into a thickness of 1mm, and cutting into slices with an angle of 45 degrees;
s2, soaking the millettia speciosa champ slices in a freeze-drying protective agent, wherein the mass ratio of the freeze-drying protective agent to the millettia speciosa champ slices is 2:0.5, the soaking temperature is 45 ℃, and the soaking time is 20min; the freeze-drying protective agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of mannitol, 0.2 part of glucan, 0.1 part of citrate, 0.3 part of fish gelatin protein and 3 parts of deionized water.
S3, performing primary vacuum freeze drying for 40S at the temperature of-1 ℃ and the water vapor pressure of 600Pa and the vacuum degree of 20 Pa; regulating the temperature to-5 ℃, controlling the water vapor pressure to 300Pa, and performing secondary vacuum freeze drying for 30s under the vacuum degree of 40 Pa; the temperature is regulated to be minus 1 ℃, the water vapor pressure is 600Pa, and the vacuum freeze drying is carried out for three times under the vacuum degree of 20Pa for 40s.
Example 2
S1, taking fresh millettia speciosa champ, cleaning and peeling by a roller brush, airing, cutting into a thickness of 5mm, and cutting into slices with an angle of 45 degrees;
s2, soaking the millettia speciosa champ slices in a freeze-drying protective agent, wherein the mass ratio of the freeze-drying protective agent to the millettia speciosa champ slices is 4:0.5, the soaking temperature is 52 ℃, and the soaking time is 80 minutes; the freeze-drying protective agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of mannitol, 3 parts of glucan, 0.3 part of citrate, 0.5 part of fish gelatin protein and 5 parts of deionized water.
S3, performing primary vacuum freeze drying for 80S at the temperature of 3 ℃ and the water vapor pressure of 800Pa and the vacuum degree of 50 Pa; regulating the temperature to-10 ℃, controlling the water vapor pressure to 500Pa, and performing secondary vacuum freeze drying for 50s under the vacuum degree of 70 Pa; the temperature was adjusted to 3℃and the water vapor pressure was 800Pa, and three times of vacuum freeze-drying were performed at a vacuum degree of 50Pa for 70s.
Example 3
S1, taking fresh millettia speciosa champ, cleaning and peeling by a roller brush, airing, cutting into a thickness of 3mm, and cutting into slices with an angle of 45 degrees;
s2, soaking the millettia speciosa champ slices in a freeze-drying protective agent, wherein the mass ratio of the freeze-drying protective agent to the millettia speciosa champ slices is 3:0.5, the soaking temperature is 50 ℃, and the soaking time is 50min; the freeze-drying protective agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of mannitol, 1.3 parts of glucan, 0.2 part of citrate, 0.4 part of fish gelatin protein and 4 parts of deionized water.
S3, performing primary vacuum freeze drying for 60S at the temperature of 2 ℃ and the water vapor pressure of 700Pa and the vacuum degree of 40 Pa; regulating the temperature to-8 ℃, regulating the water vapor pressure to 400Pa, and performing secondary vacuum freeze drying for 40s under the vacuum degree of 50 Pa; the temperature was adjusted to 2℃and the water vapor pressure was 700Pa, and three times of vacuum freeze-drying were performed at a vacuum degree of 30Pa for 50s.
Example 4
The difference between this example and example 3 is that the lyoprotectant comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of mannitol, 0.1 part of glucan, 0.5 part of citrate, 0.2 part of fish gelatin protein and 2 parts of deionized water.
Example 5
The difference between this example and example 3 is that the mass ratio of lyoprotectant to oregano tablet is 3:1.
Example 6
The difference between this example and example 3 is that the three drying times are all 100s.
Comparative example 1
The difference between this comparative example and example 3 is that the temperature of the millettia speciosa champ soaked in the lyoprotectant is 30 ℃.
Comparative example 2
The difference between this comparative example and example 3 is that the Oriental millettia root tablet is not immersed in the lyoprotectant.
Comparative example 3
The difference between this comparative example and example 3 is that the temperature of the three freeze-drying steps in step S3 is-1 to 3 ℃, the water vapor pressure is 600 to 800Pa, and the vacuum degree is 20 to 50Pa.
Comparative example 4
The difference between this comparative example and example 3 is that the freeze-drying is performed only once in the step S3, the temperature is-1 to 3 ℃, the water vapor pressure is 600 to 800Pa, and the vacuum degree is 20 to 50Pa.
1. Product structure determination
The lyophilized tablets of Oriental millettia root prepared in examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were measured for moisture content, rehydration, color and state.
Moisture content (%) Rehydration (%) Color and state
Example 1 3.4 92.6 Complete sheet shape, yellow-white color
Example 2 3.2 93.4 Complete sheet shape, yellow-white color
Example 3 2.8 95.6 Complete sheet shape, yellow-white color
Example 4 3.3 88.7 Sheet-like micro-fine particles, yellowish
Example 5 3.4 82.9 Fine particles in the form of flakes, yellow-white
Example 6 3.8 80.6 Sheet-like micro-fine particles, yellowish
Comparative example 1 3.4 74.6 Fine particles in the form of flakes, yellow-white
Comparative example 2 3.8 73.3 Sheet-like micro-broken and yellowish
Comparative example 3 4.8 71.6 Sheet-like, finely divided, yellowing
Comparative example 4 4.5 70.9 Sheet micro-broken and yellowing
As can be seen from the above table, in examples 1 to 6, compared with comparative example 1, the temperature adjustment of immersing in the lyoprotectant has a certain influence on the structure of the millettia speciosa champ, and under a specific temperature, the millettia speciosa champ can well protect the state structure of the millettia speciosa champ under the lyoprotectant; compared with comparative example 2, the freeze-drying protective agent has the protection function, can form a vitrification state of a protective agent-water mixture, forms a structural film during freeze-drying, maintains the stability of the three-dimensional structure of the millettia speciosa champ molecules, has the protection function, is more beneficial to retaining heat-sensitive substances of the millettia speciosa champ and difficult to oxidize due to multiple temperature and pressure changing treatments compared with comparative examples 3 and 4, can quickly absorb water and restore to a state before freeze-drying, and has excellent rehydration; examples 1 to 3 and examples 4 and 5 are compared with each other, the freeze-drying protective agent is scientifically proportioned, and the specific protective agent can be proportioned to better act synergistically, and compared with example 6, the instant freeze-drying effect is better under the specific process.
2. Determination of the content of product ingredients
The freeze-dried tablets of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were subjected to measurement of the content of the nutritional ingredients therein, and the measurement results were as follows:
Figure BDA0002653044700000061
the table shows that the freeze-dried tablet of the millettia speciosa champ prepared by the preparation method has rich nutrition content, wherein freeze-drying protection can well protect the nutrition of the millettia speciosa champ, and the loss of active ingredients in the freeze-drying process is reduced.
3. Determination of debittering Effect
(1) The freeze-dried slices of the millettia speciosa champ prepared by the methods of examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-4 and the freeze-dried slices of the millettia speciosa champ sold in the market are rehydrated and drunk, the bitter taste value of the freeze-dried slices of the millettia speciosa champ is measured by a sensory evaluation scale method, 100 sensory evaluators with normal taste sense are screened, and samples with different bitter tastes can be distinguished between 20 and 40 years of age;
(2) Bitter taste standard:
Figure BDA0002653044700000062
Figure BDA0002653044700000071
(3) Sensory analysis results:
Figure BDA0002653044700000072
the experiment shows that the freeze-drying protective agent also has the properties of debitterizing and masking bitter taste, reduces the bitter taste of the millettia speciosa champ and enhances the palatability of the millettia speciosa champ freeze-dried tablet.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. A preparation method of a millettia speciosa freeze-dried tablet is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning, peeling and airing fresh millettia speciosa champ, and cutting the millettia speciosa champ into a thickness of 1-5 mm;
s2, soaking the millettia speciosa champ slices in a freeze-drying protective agent at a temperature of 45-52 ℃ for 20-80 min, wherein the freeze-drying protective agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of mannitol, 0.2-3 parts of glucan, 0.1-0.3 part of citrate, 0.3-0.5 part of fish gelatin protein and 3-5 parts of deionized water; the mass ratio of the freeze-drying protective agent to the millettia speciosa champ tablet is 2-4:0.5;
s3, performing primary vacuum freeze drying at the temperature of-1-3 ℃ and the water vapor pressure of 600-800 Pa and the vacuum degree of 20-50 Pa, wherein the primary drying time is 40-80S; adjusting the temperature to be-5 to-10 ℃, performing secondary vacuum freeze drying under the vacuum degree of 40-70 Pa, wherein the water vapor pressure is 300-500 Pa, and the secondary drying time is 30-50 s; and (3) regulating the temperature to be-1-3 ℃, performing three times of vacuum freeze drying under the condition that the water vapor pressure is 600-800 Pa and the vacuum degree is 20-50 Pa, and the three times of drying time is 40-70 s.
2. The method for preparing the millettia speciosa freeze-dried tablet according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the cleaning adopts roller brush type cleaning.
3. The method for preparing the millettia speciosa freeze-dried tablet according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the cutting is performed to obtain the slice with the thickness of 1-5 mm, and the angle of the slice is 45 degrees.
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CN117502642B (en) * 2023-11-29 2024-06-14 山东省农业科学院 Preparation method of instant food with homology of medicine and food

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CN106072542A (en) * 2016-06-23 2016-11-09 桂林亦元生现代生物技术有限公司 A kind of Millettia Speciosa decoction pieces and preparation method thereof
CN106418326A (en) * 2016-09-26 2017-02-22 广东中兴绿丰农业科技发展有限公司 Manufacturing method of freeze-dried fruit slices
CN107648304A (en) * 2017-11-23 2018-02-02 鹿寨县众生园中药材种植专业合作社 Beautiful millettia root medicine materical crude slice and preparation method thereof
CN108112995A (en) * 2018-02-09 2018-06-05 四川鸿润佳禾食品开发有限公司 A kind of lily freeze-drying tablet and its preparation process

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103445227A (en) * 2013-08-22 2013-12-18 福州亿达食品有限公司 Processing method of sliced freeze-dried abalone
CN106072542A (en) * 2016-06-23 2016-11-09 桂林亦元生现代生物技术有限公司 A kind of Millettia Speciosa decoction pieces and preparation method thereof
CN106418326A (en) * 2016-09-26 2017-02-22 广东中兴绿丰农业科技发展有限公司 Manufacturing method of freeze-dried fruit slices
CN107648304A (en) * 2017-11-23 2018-02-02 鹿寨县众生园中药材种植专业合作社 Beautiful millettia root medicine materical crude slice and preparation method thereof
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Denomination of invention: A preparation method of Niu Dali freeze-dried tablets

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