CN111926168A - Heat treatment process for driving wheel - Google Patents
Heat treatment process for driving wheel Download PDFInfo
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- CN111926168A CN111926168A CN202010915033.4A CN202010915033A CN111926168A CN 111926168 A CN111926168 A CN 111926168A CN 202010915033 A CN202010915033 A CN 202010915033A CN 111926168 A CN111926168 A CN 111926168A
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- driving wheel
- quenching
- inductor
- heat treatment
- tooth
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/34—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tyres; for rims
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
- C21D1/10—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation by electric induction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat treatment process for a driving wheel, which comprises quenching and tempering, wherein the quenching is induction quenching; the specific quenching and tempering steps are as follows: s1: selecting and installing an inductor and adjusting a gap; s2: adjusting heating parameters of the inductor; s3: adjusting parameters of the quenching liquid; s4: heating the driving wheel tooth part to the quenching temperature in an intermittent heating mode according to the heating parameters in the S2, and then spraying the quenching liquid in the S3 on the whole tooth surface heated to the quenching temperature for quenching; s5: checking the quenched hardness and the appearance quality of the driving wheel quenched according to S4; s6: tempering; s7: performing first piece inspection on the driving wheel processed in the step S6; the invention can improve the hardness of the tooth part and ensure the tooth part to be uniform and consistent; the energy consumption can be reduced; the thickness uniformity of the hardening layer can be improved, and the heat treatment deformation is reduced; can effectively avoid surface cracks generated by quenching, and improve the safety and reliability of products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a heat treatment process for a driving wheel, and belongs to the technical field of heat treatment.
Background
The heat treatment can improve the performance of the workpiece and prolong the service life of the workpiece, and the surface heating quenching is one of important heat treatment processes. Surface heating quenching is a heat treatment method in which a workpiece is rapidly heated to a quenching temperature and then rapidly cooled so that only the surface layer of the workpiece obtains a quenched structure.
The driving wheel is widely applied to the engineering machinery industry. The driving wheel is a power transmitter of an engineering mechanical excavator and a bulldozer, and is generally directly connected with a driving motor to directly transmit power to the crawler belt so as to drive the chassis to move forwards; when the driving wheel works, the gear teeth and the caterpillar track joint are subjected to opposite grinding and impact, and the driving wheel is required to have high strength, wear resistance and good impact performance; therefore, the surface of the driving wheel is required to have higher strength, hardness and wear resistance, the core is required to have certain strength, sufficient plasticity and toughness, and the surface quenching process can enable the part to meet the performance requirement of surface hardness and core toughness.
At present, the heat treatment of some domestic driving wheels generally heats the whole driving wheels, and the teeth of the driving wheels are quenched by water spraying, so that the surface hardness of the driving wheels is difficult to improve due to the difficult process, only about 43HRC, uneven hardness and higher energy consumption; in addition, the following problems are also existed after the heat treatment in the prior art: the depth of the gear tooth hardening layer is different and the quenching deformation is large; surface cracks are generated by surface quenching of the driving wheel, soft belts often appear in quenching, the upper working surface and the lower working surface are not hardened uniformly, the reliability and the safety of a product are seriously influenced, and the service life of the product is shortened.
In view of the above, the prior art is obviously inconvenient and disadvantageous in practical use, and needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides a heat treatment process for a driving wheel, which can improve the hardness of a tooth part and ensure the tooth part to be uniform; the energy consumption can be reduced; the thickness uniformity of the hardening layer can be improved, and the heat treatment deformation is reduced; can effectively avoid surface cracks generated by quenching, and improve the safety and reliability of products.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the heat treatment process of the driving wheel comprises quenching and tempering, wherein the quenching is induction quenching; the specific quenching and tempering steps are as follows:
s1: selecting and installing an inductor and adjusting a gap;
s2: adjusting heating parameters of an inductor
S3: adjusting quenching liquid parameters
S4: heating the driving wheel tooth part to the quenching temperature in an intermittent heating mode according to the heating parameters in the S2, and then spraying the quenching liquid in the S3 on the whole tooth surface heated to the quenching temperature for quenching;
s5: checking the quenched hardness and the appearance quality of the driving wheel quenched according to S4;
s6: tempering;
s7: and performing first piece inspection on the driving wheel processed in the step 6.
Further, in S1, the tooth surface hardening depth of the drive wheel: the tooth root is 6-10mm, the tooth crest is more than 30mm, and the frequency of the inductor is 900-2000 Hz;
the inductor is formed by spirally winding a hollow square copper pipe, the number of turns of the inductor is 3-6, and the length multiplied by the width of the hollow square copper pipe is 20mm multiplied by 15 mm; cooling water is introduced into a hollow inner cavity of the inductor;
when the quenching device is installed, the driving wheel is horizontally placed on the quenching machine tool through the inductor, the inductor is coaxially sleeved outside the driving wheel, and the gap h1 between the inner ring surface of the inductor and the tooth top is 10-14 mm; the distance h2 from the top circle of the inductor to the upper end surface of the driving wheel and the distance h2 from the bottom circle of the inductor to the lower end surface of the driving wheel are both 13-17 mm.
Further, in S2, the quenching parameters are: the power is 550 +/-25 KW, the voltage is 520 +/-20V, the current is 900 +/-50A, and the frequency is 1100-1300 HZ; the heating time was 240S.
Further, in the step S3, a water-soluble quenching liquid is adopted as a quenching medium, and the concentration of the quenching liquid is 4-6%; the temperature of the quenching liquid is 15-40 ℃;
the cooling mode is spraying; the spraying pressure of the quenching liquid is 0.2-0.3 MPa; the cooling time was 180S.
Further, in S4, the intermittent heating specifically includes:
a. heating the surface of a tooth part of a driving wheel to 600 +/-10 ℃; stopping heating for 10-15 seconds to make the temperature of the surface and the core of the tooth part uniform;
b. continuously heating the driving wheel until the surface temperature of the tooth part reaches 750 +/-10 ℃; stopping heating for 4-7 seconds to enable the temperature of the surface and the core of the tooth part to be uniform;
c. the surface of the driving wheel tooth part is continuously heated to 890 +/-10 ℃, and after the temperature of the whole tooth part is uniform, the whole tooth part is sprayed with quenching liquid for quenching.
Further, in S5, when the quenching surface hardness of the tooth top and the tooth bottom of the driving wheel is more than or equal to 55HRC, the quenching hardness is qualified.
Furthermore, in the S6, the tempering temperature is 200-240 ℃, the tempering time is 3.8-5 hours, and the air cooling is carried out after the furnace is taken out.
Further, in S7, detecting the hardness and the depth of the hardened layer of the tooth surface of the driving wheel, and performing fluorescent magnetic powder inspection, wherein if the hardness and the depth of the hardened layer of the driving wheel meet the technical requirements of the heat treatment process, the driving wheel is qualified; otherwise, the product is unqualified;
the driving wheel is made of SCmNCoH, and the basic requirements of the heat treatment process parameters are as follows: the tooth surface hardness is 46-52 HRC; the hardening depth at the tooth root is 6-10mm, and the hardening depth at the tooth top is more than 30 mm;
the fluorescent magnetic powder inspection requires no crack to appear.
Further, in the step S6, tempering is performed within 8 hours after the drive wheel is quenched;
the tempering furnace adopts a trolley type tempering furnace; the tempering and furnace charging mode is as follows: a plurality of driving wheels are arranged in an up-and-down stacked mode, and the stacking height is smaller than 650 mm.
Further, the number of turns of the inductor is 4.
After the technical scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention can improve the hardness of the tooth part and ensure the tooth part to be uniform and consistent; the energy consumption can be reduced; the thickness uniformity of the hardening layer can be improved, and the heat treatment deformation is reduced; can effectively avoid surface cracks generated by quenching, and improve the safety and reliability of products.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the gap between the sensor and the driving wheel according to the present invention;
in the figure, the position of the upper end of the main shaft,
h 1-the gap between the inner ring surface of the inductor and the tooth top, h 2-the distance from the top one turn of the inductor to the upper end surface of the driving wheel or the distance from the bottom one turn of the inductor to the lower end surface of the driving wheel.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The invention provides a heat treatment process for a driving wheel, which comprises quenching and tempering;
the quenching adopts induction quenching, and the specific quenching and tempering steps are as follows:
the heat treatment equipment required by the invention is a quenching machine tool, a trolley type tempering furnace,
S1: the sensor is selected and installed and the gap is adjusted.
The operating frequency of the inductor depends on the hardening depth, the tooth surface hardening depth of the drive wheel: the tooth root is 6-10mm, the tooth crest is more than 30mm, and the selection frequency range is 900-2000 Hz.
The inductor is formed by spirally winding a hollow square copper pipe, the number of turns of the inductor is 3-6, and 4 turns are preferred in the embodiment; the length multiplied by the width of the hollow square copper tube is 20mm multiplied by 15 mm; and cooling water is introduced into the hollow inner cavity of the inductor.
As shown in fig. 1, when the quenching device is installed, the driving wheel is horizontally placed on a quenching machine tool, the inductor is coaxially sleeved outside the driving wheel, and the gap h1 from the inner ring surface of the inductor to the tooth top is 10-14 mm; the distance h2 from the top circle of the inductor to the upper end surface of the driving wheel and the distance h2 from the bottom circle of the inductor to the lower end surface of the driving wheel are both 13-17 mm.
S2: adjusting heating parameters of an inductor
The quenching parameters are as follows: the power is 550 +/-25 KW, the voltage is 520 +/-20V, the current is 900 +/-50A, and the frequency is 1100-1300 HZ;
the heating time of the inductor to the driving wheel is 240S.
S3: adjusting quenching liquid parameters
The invention adopts water-soluble quenching liquid as a quenching medium, and the concentration of the quenching liquid is 4-6%; the temperature of the quenching liquid is 15-40 ℃;
the cooling mode is spraying; the spraying pressure of the quenching liquid is 0.2-0.3 MPa; the cooling time was 180S.
S4: and heating the driving wheel tooth part to the quenching temperature in an intermittent heating mode according to the heating parameters in the S2, and then spraying the quenching liquid in the S3 on the whole tooth surface heated to the quenching temperature for quenching.
The intermittent heating specifically comprises the following steps:
a. heating the surface of a tooth part of a driving wheel to 600 +/-10 ℃; stopping heating for 10-15 seconds to make the temperature of the surface and the core of the tooth part uniform;
b. continuously heating the driving wheel until the surface temperature of the tooth part reaches 750 +/-10 ℃; stopping heating for 4-7 seconds to enable the temperature of the surface and the core of the tooth part to be uniform;
c. the surface of the driving wheel tooth part is continuously heated to 890 +/-10 ℃, and after the temperature of the whole tooth part is uniform, the whole tooth part is sprayed with quenching liquid for quenching.
S5: the quenched hardness and the appearance quality of the driving wheel quenched in accordance with S4 were examined.
When the quenching surface hardness of the tooth top and the tooth root of the driving wheel is more than or equal to 55HRC, the quenching hardness is qualified;
the surface is qualified without burning loss and collision.
S6: and (6) tempering.
Tempering the driving wheel qualified by the quenching inspection in the step S5 at the tempering temperature of 200-240 ℃ for 3.8-5 hours, discharging and air cooling,
tempering treatment is required to be carried out within 8 hours after the driving wheel is quenched;
the tempering and furnace charging mode is as follows: a plurality of driving wheels are arranged in a vertically stacked manner, and the stacking height is smaller than 650 mm; the number of the driving wheels which are stacked is less than or equal to 5.
S7: and performing first piece inspection on the driving wheel processed in the step 6.
Detecting the hardness and the depth of a hardened layer of the tooth surface of the driving wheel, and carrying out fluorescent magnetic powder inspection, wherein if the hardness and the depth of the hardened layer of the driving wheel meet the technical requirements, the driving wheel is qualified; otherwise, the product is not qualified.
The driving wheel is made of SCmNCoH, and the heat treatment process parameter requirements are as follows: the tooth surface hardness is 46-52 HRC; the hardening depth at the tooth root is 6-10mm, and the hardening depth at the tooth top is more than 30 mm.
The fluorescent magnetic powder inspection requires no crack to appear.
The foregoing is illustrative of the best mode of the invention and details not described herein are within the common general knowledge of a person of ordinary skill in the art. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and any equivalent modifications based on the technical teaching of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A heat treatment process for a driving wheel is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises quenching and tempering, wherein the quenching is induction quenching; the specific quenching and tempering steps are as follows:
s1: selecting and installing an inductor and adjusting a gap;
s2: adjusting heating parameters of the inductor;
s3: adjusting parameters of the quenching liquid;
s4: heating the driving wheel tooth part to the quenching temperature in an intermittent heating mode according to the heating parameters in the S2, and then spraying the quenching liquid in the S3 on the whole tooth surface heated to the quenching temperature for quenching;
s5: checking the quenched hardness and the appearance quality of the driving wheel quenched according to S4;
s6: tempering;
s7: and performing first piece inspection on the driving wheel processed in the step 6.
2. The heat treatment process for the driving wheel according to claim 1, wherein: in S1, the tooth surface hardening depth of the drive wheel: the tooth root is 6-10mm, the tooth crest is more than 30mm, and the frequency of the inductor is 900-2000 Hz;
the inductor is formed by spirally winding a hollow square copper pipe, the number of turns of the inductor is 3-6, and the length multiplied by the width of the hollow square copper pipe is 20mm multiplied by 15 mm; cooling water is introduced into a hollow inner cavity of the inductor;
when the quenching device is installed, the driving wheel is horizontally placed on the quenching machine tool through the inductor, the inductor is coaxially sleeved outside the driving wheel, and the gap h1 between the inner ring surface of the inductor and the tooth top is 10-14 mm; the distance h2 from the top circle of the inductor to the upper end surface of the driving wheel and the distance h2 from the bottom circle of the inductor to the lower end surface of the driving wheel are both 13-17 mm.
3. The heat treatment process for the driving wheel according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, the quenching parameters are as follows: the power is 550 +/-25 KW, the voltage is 520 +/-20V, the current is 900 +/-50A, and the frequency is 1100-1300 HZ; the heating time was 240S.
4. The heat treatment process for the driving wheel according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, water-soluble quenching liquid is used as a quenching medium, and the concentration of the quenching liquid is 4-6%; the temperature of the quenching liquid is 15-40 ℃;
the cooling mode is spraying; the spraying pressure of the quenching liquid is 0.2-0.3 MPa; the cooling time was 180S.
5. The heat treatment process for the driving wheel according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S4, the intermittent heating specifically includes:
a. heating the surface of a tooth part of a driving wheel to 600 +/-10 ℃; stopping heating for 10-15 seconds to make the temperature of the surface and the core of the tooth part uniform;
b. continuously heating the driving wheel until the surface temperature of the tooth part reaches 750 +/-10 ℃; stopping heating for 4-7 seconds to enable the temperature of the surface and the core of the tooth part to be uniform;
c. the surface of the driving wheel tooth part is continuously heated to 890 +/-10 ℃, and after the temperature of the whole tooth part is uniform, the whole tooth part is sprayed with quenching liquid for quenching.
6. The heat treatment process for the driving wheel according to claim 1, wherein: in S5, when the quenching surface hardness of the tooth top and the tooth bottom of the driving wheel is more than or equal to 55HRC, the quenching hardness is qualified.
7. The heat treatment process for the driving wheel according to claim 1, wherein: in the S6, the tempering temperature is 200-240 ℃, the tempering time is 3.8-5 hours, and the furnace is discharged and then air-cooled.
8. The heat treatment process for the driving wheel according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S7, the tooth surface hardness and the hardened layer depth of the driving wheel are detected, fluorescent magnetic powder inspection is carried out, and if the hardness and the hardened layer depth of the driving wheel meet the technical requirements of the heat treatment process, the driving wheel is qualified; otherwise, the product is unqualified;
the driving wheel is made of SCmNCoH, and the basic requirements of the heat treatment process parameters are as follows: the tooth surface hardness is 46-52 HRC; the hardening depth at the tooth root is 6-10mm, and the hardening depth at the tooth top is more than 30 mm;
the fluorescent magnetic powder inspection requires no crack to appear.
9. The heat treatment process for the driving wheel according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S6, tempering is carried out within 8 hours after the driving wheel is quenched;
the tempering furnace adopts a trolley type tempering furnace, and the tempering charging mode is as follows: a plurality of driving wheels are arranged in an up-and-down stacked mode, and the stacking height is smaller than 650 mm.
10. A driving wheel heat treatment process according to claim 2, wherein: the number of turns of the inductor is 4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010915033.4A CN111926168A (en) | 2020-09-03 | 2020-09-03 | Heat treatment process for driving wheel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010915033.4A CN111926168A (en) | 2020-09-03 | 2020-09-03 | Heat treatment process for driving wheel |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112853076A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-28 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | Single-tooth induction quenching process for spiral bevel gear |
| CN112961969A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-06-15 | 鑫光热处理工业(昆山)有限公司 | Anti-cracking low-frequency quenching process for bolt for engineering machinery |
| CN114260419A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-04-01 | 山东大众机械制造股份有限公司 | Casting method of cast steel excavator driving wheel |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112853076A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-28 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | Single-tooth induction quenching process for spiral bevel gear |
| CN112961969A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-06-15 | 鑫光热处理工业(昆山)有限公司 | Anti-cracking low-frequency quenching process for bolt for engineering machinery |
| CN114260419A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-04-01 | 山东大众机械制造股份有限公司 | Casting method of cast steel excavator driving wheel |
| CN114260419B (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2024-03-19 | 山东大众机械制造股份有限公司 | Casting method of cast steel excavator driving wheel |
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Application publication date: 20201113 |