CN109097552A - A kind of unidirectional heavy-duty gear quenching apparatus - Google Patents
A kind of unidirectional heavy-duty gear quenching apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN109097552A CN109097552A CN201810930357.8A CN201810930357A CN109097552A CN 109097552 A CN109097552 A CN 109097552A CN 201810930357 A CN201810930357 A CN 201810930357A CN 109097552 A CN109097552 A CN 109097552A
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- gear
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/32—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for gear wheels, worm wheels, or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
- C21D1/10—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation by electric induction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of unidirectional heavy-duty gear quenching apparatus, including the quenching unit for installing gear and positioning the gear positioning device of gear and being connect with gear positioning device, the quenching unit is connect with controller, the controller is connect with gear condition monitoring system, controller control quenching unit carries out unilateral quenching or non-uniform hardening to the tooth of gear, state and tooth deflection in process and as-quenched before the processing of the tooth of the gear condition monitoring system monitoring gear.Production automation degree of the present invention is higher, can accurately control gear quenching temperature and gear quenching depth, significantly improves the quality and yield of gear.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gear quenching field more particularly to a kind of unidirectional heavy-duty gear quenching apparatus.
Background technique
It is well known that gear is components crucial in mechanical equipment, it is widely used in automobile, aircraft, tank, wheel
The industrial circles such as ship.It has many advantages, such as accurate, the compact-sized long service life of transmission.Gear drive is most normal in modern age machine
A kind of mechanical oscillation seen are a kind of important forms for transmitting machine power and movement, are engineering goods important foundation parts.It
Have power bracket big compared with band, chain, friction, hydraulic etc. are mechanical, transmission efficiency is high, peripheral speed is high, transmission ratio is accurate,
The series of advantages such as long service life, dimensional structure be small.Therefore it has become the indispensable driving section of many engineering goods
The maximum driving form of proportion in part and machine.Due to prominent position of the gear in industrial development, make gear quilt
It is known as a kind of industrialized symbol.
Quenching is alloy to be heated on solid solution solubility curve, heat preservation a period of time, then to be greater than critical cooling speed
Rapid cooling is spent, to obtain the heat treatment method of supersaturated solid solution, the purpose of quenching: strengthens steel part, gives full play to steel
The potentiality of performance is such as: improving the mechanical performance of steel part, hardness, wearability, elastic limit, fatigue strength etc., improves certain
The physics or chemical property of a little special steels, such as enhance the ferromagnetism of magnet steel, improve the corrosion resistance etc. of stainless steel.
Quenching be improve material intensity and hardness, be exactly the counter-bending torsional deformation of material ability and anti-scratch energy
Power, hardenable rear material internal have very high internal stress, and the fatigue strength for being easily reduced material (is exactly that material resists medium-high frequency
Rate slightly shakes the ability cracked), tempering can effective place to go material internal stress generally according to concrete application difference
Quenching+high tempering (being exactly modifier treatment) can be divided into.
Reduce gear heat treatment deformation, improves its machining accuracy, making an uproar when not only can reduce gear train assembly operation
Sound and vibration, moreover it is possible to effectively improve the service life of gear, gear is deformed is inevitable during heat treatment, closes
Key is that deformation wants regular.If the dispersion of heat-treatment distortion data, no rule, deformation fluctuation are big, to control to deform and just have no way of
It sets about.
In rotation, actual gear load is different usual gear, and often based on one-way abrasion, gear rises wear-resisting
Effect is its depth for quenching layer, quenches thickness, and then gear is wear-resisting, still, quenches the too thick easy embrittlement of layer.Many institute's weeks
Know, the quenching layer depth of gear is excessively shallowly all unfavorable to contacting and being bent bearing capacity.But quenching layer is also not more deeper better, it is best or
Case depth appropriate can make the flank of tooth and tooth root intensity (bearing capacity) all with higher.
The tooth of gear is stress heavy duty face on one side, and another side is seldom heavily loaded in the case where reversion, in addition, gear is at one
Seldom reversed installation after the installation of direction, belongs to underloading face, and existing processing method is either stress heavy duty face or underloading face
It heats, quenches together all together, although meeting the technique requirement of quenching, be reduction of the quality of gear, the stress of sawtooth
Heavily loaded face is easier to be worn in subsequent processing operation, and service life shortens.
Patent No. CN201210243890.X discloses a kind of process of pivoting support gear quenching, and the invention is logical
It crosses to coupling gap, the depth of current penetration, roller seating space linear velocity, the temperature of quenching liquid and the concentration between intermediate frequency inductor and roller seating space
The setting and adjustment of equal technological parameters, improve quenching quality, but the invention tooth all to gear carries out quenching processing, and one
Determine the service life that gear is affected in degree.
The tooth of gear of the invention is made of quenching layer (102) and supporting layer (103), and the thickness of supporting layer (103) is greater than
The thickness of layer (102) is quenched, quenching layer (102) includes hardened layer (1021) and high hard surface layer (1022), the hardened layer
(1021) thickness is greater than the thickness of high hard surface layer (1022), and the hardness of hardened layer (1021) is successively decreased to supporting layer (103), institute
The hardness for stating high hard surface layer (1022) is successively decreased to supporting layer (103), as shown in Fig. 4.
The present invention is quenched by quenching apparatus unilateral side or said gear structure is reached in non-uniform hardening.
Based on this, it is necessary to study a kind of quenching apparatus of unidirectional heavy-duty gear.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome problem above of the existing technology, a kind of unidirectional heavy-duty gear quenching is provided and is set
Standby, the device production automation degree is higher, can accurately control gear quenching temperature and gear quenching depth, significantly improve
The quality and yield of product.
To realize above-mentioned technical purpose and the technique effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A kind of unidirectional heavy-duty gear quenching apparatus including installation gear and positions the gear positioning device of gear and determines with gear
The quenching unit of position device connection, the quenching unit are connect with controller, and the controller and gear condition monitoring system connect
It connects, the controller control quenching unit carries out unilateral quenching or non-uniform hardening, the gear condition monitoring to the tooth of gear
State and tooth deflection in process and as-quenched before the processing of the tooth of system monitoring gear.
Preferably, the gear positioning device includes rotary table and the convex that is arranged on rotary table
Platform, the positioning convex platform are connect with the locating slot on gear.
Preferably, the rotary table side is equipped with vertically moving fixing seat, the water of the fixing seat side
It is provided with the slide moved horizontally on flat lateral plate, driving quenching unit and auxiliary positioning guide rod fortune are fixedly installed on the slide
Capable transformer, the transformer are connect with quenching unit.
Preferably, the quenching unit include Quench heating coil and be arranged in Quench heating coil side oil spout it is cold
But device.
Preferably, the oil-spraying cooling device includes fuel tank and the driving motor that is arranged on fuel tank, the driving
Motor is connect with oil pump, and oil inlet and oil outlet are provided on the oil pump, and the oil inlet is connected to by pipeline with fuel tank, institute
It states oil outlet to connect by the atomizer being arranged on pipeline and mounting base, the atomizer is connect with gear.
Preferably, the Quench heating coil includes high-frequency quenching heating coil or mid frequency induction hardening heating coil.
Preferably, the controller includes control circuit board and the man machine operation interface that connects with control circuit board,
The heating process curve or adjustment heating technique parameter, the man machine operation interface of the control circuit board control input gear are pre-
There is the programmable controller of gear induction hardening process parameter curve, manual/auto selection is switched, started switch, failure
Alarm, signal interface board and position sensor, induction frequency of the control circuit board control Quench heating coil to tooth
Rate, voltage, electric current output parameter and cool time.
Preferably, the position sensor is connect with the heating head of Quench heating coil, the position sensor induction
The kinematic accuracy of workpiece to be quenched, the position of induction hardening equipment is mobile, for user adjust the heating head of Quench heating coil with
Gap between workpiece roller seating space to be quenched, position sensor detect between the heating head of roller seating space Quench heating coil engaged therewith
Spacing, it is right with it to control coupling gap h3 between the corresponding root position in bottom end of heating head, the two sides of heating head
The size of the coupling gap size h4 of corresponding tooth top position at the top of the coupling gap h5 and heating head of the roller seating space position answered.
Preferably, the gear condition monitoring system includes camera, the camera shooting tooth is in processing and heat treatment
State in the process, and Real-time Feedback is to the man machine operation interface.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Cause to deform 1. gear clamping and positioning device prevents from acutely swinging when Quench heating and cooling；
2. the device production automation degree is higher, gear quenching temperature and gear quenching depth can be accurately controlled, significantly
The quality and yield of product are improved, while also improving work situation, mitigates the labor intensity of worker, reduces production cost,
It is particularly suitable for large batch of production occasion；
3. improving gear surface quenches quality, inside workpiece microfission is eliminated, makes to organize transition flat between gear quench-hardened case and matrix
It is slow, it reduces tissue and hardness is mutated, reduce the weak area and stressed zone for causing crack initiation and propagation to the greatest extent；
4. improving face precision, stress raisers caused by deflection load-bearing stress acts on are prevented, crackle can be obviously slowed down
Extension and gear breaking are dangerous；
5. the intensity of the gear teeth is high, wearability is good and the service life is long, bearing capacity is high；
6. effectivelying prevent the hardened layer deflection of tooth excessive, so that delamination situation occurs for high hard surface layer and quenching layer occurs to take off
Fall crack conditions；
7. the flexible deformation that high hard surface layer is able to bear is big；
8. the degree of wear of hardened layer is not high.
The above description is only an overview of the technical scheme of the present invention, in order to better understand the technical means of the present invention, and can
It is implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification, with presently preferred embodiments of the present invention and attached drawing is cooperated to be described in detail below.Of the invention
Specific embodiment is shown in detail by following embodiment and its attached drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes part of this application, this hair
Bright illustrative embodiments and their description are used to explain the present invention, and are not constituted improper limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is 2 schematic diagram of gear positioning device of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is 5 structural schematic diagram of oil-spraying cooling device of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is 1 structural schematic diagram of gear of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the depth of quenching schematic diagram of quenching unit 3 and tooth 4 of the present invention.
Figure label explanation: gear 1, gear positioning device 2, quenching unit 3, tooth 4, rotary table 201, positioning convex platform
202, fixing seat 203, slide 204, auxiliary positioning guide rod 205, transformer 206, oil-spraying cooling device 5, fuel tank 501, driving electricity
Machine 502, oil pump 503, oil inlet 504, oil outlet 505, pipeline 506, atomizer 507, Quench heating coil 6.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawing:
Referring to figs. 1 to shown in Fig. 5, a kind of unidirectional heavy-duty gear quenching apparatus including installation gear 1 and positions the gear of gear 1
Positioning device 2 and the quenching unit 3 connecting with gear positioning device 2, the quenching unit 3 are connect with controller, the control
Device processed is connect with gear condition monitoring system, controller control quenching unit 3 to the tooth 4 of gear 1 carry out unilateral quenching or
Non-uniform hardening, state and tooth 4 be in process before the processing of the tooth 4 of gear condition monitoring system monitoring gear 1
Deflection and as-quenched.
Preferably, the gear positioning device 2 includes rotary table 201 and is arranged on rotary table 201
Positioning convex platform 202, the positioning convex platform 202 connect with the locating slot 101 on gear 1.
Preferably, 201 side of rotary table is equipped with vertically moving fixing seat 203, the fixing seat 203
It is provided with the slide 204 moved horizontally on the horizontal side plate of side, driving quenching unit 3 is fixedly installed on the slide 204
The transformer 206 run with auxiliary positioning guide rod 205, the transformer 206 are connect with quenching unit 3.
Preferably, the quenching unit 3 includes Quench heating coil 6 and the spray that 6 side of Quench heating coil is arranged in
Oil cooler 5.
Preferably, the oil-spraying cooling device 5 includes fuel tank 501 and the driving motor being arranged on fuel tank 501
502, the driving motor 502 is connect with oil pump 503, and oil inlet 504 and oil outlet 505 are provided on the oil pump 503, described
Oil inlet 504 is connected to by pipeline 506 with fuel tank 501, and the oil outlet 505 passes through the spray being arranged in pipeline 506 and mounting base 2
Oil nozzle 507 connects, and the atomizer 507 is connect with gear 1.
Preferably, the Quench heating coil 6 includes high-frequency quenching heating coil or mid frequency induction hardening heating coil.
Preferably, the controller includes control circuit board and the man machine operation interface connected with control circuit board 7,
The heating process curve or adjustment heating technique parameter, the man machine operation interface of the control circuit board control input gear are pre-
There is the programmable controller of gear induction hardening process parameter curve, manual/auto selection is switched, started switch, failure
Alarm, signal interface board and position sensor, induction frequency of the control circuit board control Quench heating coil to tooth
Rate, voltage, electric current output parameter and cool time.
Gap between the Quench heating coil 6 and the groove of workpiece tooth to be quenched is 0.2~0.5 μm.
Preferably, the position sensor is connect with the heating head of Quench heating coil 6, the position sensor monitoring
The position of the kinematic accuracy of workpiece to be quenched, induction hardening equipment 3 is mobile, and the heating head of Quench heating coil 6 is adjusted for user
With the gap between workpiece roller seating space to be quenched, position sensor detects the heating head of roller seating space Quench heating coil 6 engaged therewith
Between spacing, control coupling gap h3 between the corresponding root position in bottom end of heating head, heating head two sides with
The coupling gap size h4 of corresponding tooth top position at the top of the coupling gap h5 and heating head of its corresponding roller seating space position
Size.
Preferably, the gear condition monitoring system includes camera, the camera shooting tooth is in processing and heat treatment
State in the process, and Real-time Feedback is to the man machine operation interface.
Specific embodiment:
In actual use, gear workpieces to be processed are placed on rotary table 201 by user, on rotary table 201
Positioning convex platform 202 it is corresponding with 101 position of locating slot on gear 1, position sensor monitor the tooth of workpiece gear to be quenched with
The distance between the heating head of Quench heating coil 6, be adjusted according to actual needs auxiliary positioning guide rod 205 position and away from
From the situation monitoring of realization Quench heating coil 6, wherein user's depth of quenching adjustment Quench heating coil 6 as needed
Gap between heating head and workpiece roller seating space to be quenched, position sensor detect roller seating space Quench heating coil 6 engaged therewith
Spacing between heating head controls coupling gap h3 between the corresponding root position in bottom end of heating head, heating head
The coupling gap ruler of corresponding tooth top position at the top of the coupling gap h5 and heating head of the corresponding roller seating space position in two sides
The size of very little h4, as shown in Fig. 5.
Adjustment finishes, and user carries out heating quenching, control electricity by the manual/auto tooth 4 to gear of man machine operation interface
Road plate controls Quench heating coil to the induction frequencies of tooth, voltage, electric current output parameter and cool time, and the time of quenching is long
Degree and number adjust according to actual needs.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of unidirectional heavy-duty gear quenching apparatus, it is characterised in that: including installation gear (1) and position the gear of gear (1)
Positioning device (2) and the quenching unit (3) connecting with gear positioning device (2), the quenching unit (3) and controller connect
It connects, the controller is connect with gear condition monitoring system, tooth (4) of controller control quenching unit (3) to gear (1)
Carry out unilateral quenching or non-uniform hardening, before the processing of the tooth (4) of gear condition monitoring system monitoring gear (1) state with
And tooth (4) deflection in process and as-quenched.
2. a kind of unidirectional heavy-duty gear quenching apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the gear positioning device
(2) positioning convex platform (202) for including rotary table (201) and being arranged on rotary table (201), the positioning convex platform
(202) it is connect with the locating slot (101) on gear (1).
3. a kind of unidirectional heavy-duty gear quenching apparatus according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Rotary table (201) side is equipped with vertically moving fixing seat (203), fixing seat (203) side
It is provided with the slide (204) moved horizontally on horizontal side plate, driving quenching unit (3) is fixedly installed on the slide (204)
With the transformer (206) of auxiliary positioning guide rod (205) operation, the transformer (206) connect with quenching unit (3).
4. a kind of unidirectional heavy-duty gear quenching apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the quenching unit (3)
Including Quench heating coil (6) and the oil-spraying cooling device (5) in Quench heating coil (6) side is set.
5. a kind of unidirectional heavy-duty gear quenching apparatus according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the oil-spraying cooling device
(5) driving motor (502) for including fuel tank (501) and being arranged on fuel tank (501), the driving motor (502) and oil pump
(503) it connects, is provided with oil inlet (504) and oil outlet (505) on the oil pump (503), the oil inlet (504) passes through pipe
Road (506) is connected to fuel tank (501), and the oil outlet (505) passes through the atomizer being arranged on pipeline (506) and mounting base (2)
(507) it connects, the atomizer (507) connect with gear (1).
6. a kind of unidirectional heavy-duty gear quenching apparatus according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the Quench heating coil
It (6) include high-frequency quenching heating coil or mid frequency induction hardening heating coil.
7. a kind of unidirectional heavy-duty gear quenching apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the controller includes control
Circuit board processed and the man machine operation interface connected with control circuit board (7), the control circuit board control input gear add
Thermal process curve or adjustment heating technique parameter, the man machine operation interface prestore gear induction hardening process parameter curve
Programmable controller, manual/auto selection switch, start switch, fault alarm, signal interface board and position sensing
Device, when the control circuit board control Quench heating coil is to the induction frequencies of tooth, voltage, electric current output parameter and quenching
Between.
8. a kind of unidirectional heavy-duty gear quenching apparatus according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the position sensor with
The heating head of Quench heating coil (6) connects, the distance between the position sensor induction heating head and tooth (4), for user
The gap between the heating head and workpiece roller seating space to be quenched of Quench heating coil (6) is adjusted, position sensor detects roller seating space and its
Spacing between the heating head of the Quench heating coil (6) of cooperation, control heating head the corresponding root position in bottom end it
Between coupling gap h3, heating head the corresponding roller seating space position in two sides coupling gap h5 and heating head at the top of it is corresponding
Tooth top position coupling gap size h4 size.
9. a kind of unidirectional heavy-duty gear quenching apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the gear condition monitoring
System includes camera, the state of camera shooting tooth (4) during processing and heat treatment, and Real-time Feedback is to the people
Machine operation interface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810930357.8A CN109097552A (en) | 2018-08-15 | 2018-08-15 | A kind of unidirectional heavy-duty gear quenching apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810930357.8A CN109097552A (en) | 2018-08-15 | 2018-08-15 | A kind of unidirectional heavy-duty gear quenching apparatus |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109097552A true CN109097552A (en) | 2018-12-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810930357.8A Pending CN109097552A (en) | 2018-08-15 | 2018-08-15 | A kind of unidirectional heavy-duty gear quenching apparatus |
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| CN (1) | CN109097552A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110343836A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-10-18 | 唐山冶金锯片有限公司 | Saw blade tooth tip quenching machine |
| CN113462878A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-01 | 北京亿磁电热科技有限公司 | Single-tooth induction quenching process and equipment for large gear |
| CN113751540A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-12-07 | 盐城市禾鼎机械股份有限公司 | Straightening device for non-equilibrium stressed gear after carbon-doped quenching deformation |
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| CN110343836A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-10-18 | 唐山冶金锯片有限公司 | Saw blade tooth tip quenching machine |
| CN113751540A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-12-07 | 盐城市禾鼎机械股份有限公司 | Straightening device for non-equilibrium stressed gear after carbon-doped quenching deformation |
| CN113462878A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-01 | 北京亿磁电热科技有限公司 | Single-tooth induction quenching process and equipment for large gear |
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Application publication date: 20181228 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |