CN111908979A - Production method of water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer by taking white spirit yellow water as raw material - Google Patents
Production method of water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer by taking white spirit yellow water as raw material Download PDFInfo
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- CN111908979A CN111908979A CN202010826819.9A CN202010826819A CN111908979A CN 111908979 A CN111908979 A CN 111908979A CN 202010826819 A CN202010826819 A CN 202010826819A CN 111908979 A CN111908979 A CN 111908979A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/006—Waste from chemical processing of material, e.g. diestillation, roasting, cooking
- C05F5/008—Waste from biochemical processing of material, e.g. fermentation, breweries
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a production method of a water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer taking white spirit yellow water as a raw material, which comprises the following steps of firstly weighing chitosan and white spirit yellow water according to the weight ratio of 1: 1000-10000; adding chitosan into yellow liquor; stirring for reaction, and centrifuging to remove precipitate to obtain supernatant; and (4) concentrating the supernatant to 1-5 times by using a membrane to obtain the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer. The finished product produced by the invention is water-soluble organic micromolecular carbon fertilizer, and is characterized by being directly absorbed by crop roots and having quick-acting property; the invention fully utilizes micromolecular organic matters rich in yellow water as main raw materials, does not need further hydrolysis step and simplifies the process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of carbon energy fertilizers, in particular to a production method of a water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer by taking white spirit yellow water as a raw material.
Background
Chinese white spirit is one of six distilled spirits in the world, is the distilled spirit variety with the largest global consumption, and in recent years, the annual output of the white spirit exceeds more than 1000 ten thousand tons. During the brewing process of the white spirit, under the action of gravity, a small amount of water moving downwards exists in fermented grains, and is finally deposited at the bottom of a cellar together with dissolved alcohol, aldehyde, acid, ester, mineral substances, reducing sugar, amino acid and the like, and the water is converged into a tan liquid after being accumulated for a long time, so that the water is called yellow water because the color of the water is yellow. Generally, each 1000kg of Daqu liquor is produced, about 300-400 kg of yellow water is produced, and 3000-4000 tons of yellow water are produced in a ten thousand-ton-scale Daqu liquor factory.
The yellow water is acidic, the pH value is about 3, the organic matter content is high, the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)) is 25000-40000 mg/L, if the untreated yellow water is directly discharged, serious pollution is brought to the environment, and the yellow water is used as wastewater to be treated, so that higher treatment cost is required. The yellow water is a useful resource and has certain development and utilization values.
The current development and utilization directions of yellow water are as follows:
1. making a blending liquor
As the main components (such as organic acid and esters) in the yellow water are similar to the components of the white spirit, the yellow water can be used for blending some low-grade white spirits through certain decolorization and deodorization, so that the fragrance components in the white spirits are increased, and the white spirits are more naturally coordinated. Because of the heavy smell in yellow water, the yellow water can be used as an acidic condiment for blending various grades of white spirits after being treated by decoloration, filtration and the like. It has great effects in improving wine body flavor, providing wine body with pure and refreshing feeling, thick feeling, long feeling, mellow feeling, and increasing wine body flavor.
2. Used for curing cellar
The pit mud plays an important role in controlling the quality of the strong aromatic wine. Ethyl caproate is used as the main fragrance component of Luzhou-flavor liquor, and is mainly formed by metabolizing anaerobic clostridium-caproic acid bacteria in pit mud to generate caproic acid and then condensing alcohol generated by yeast in a system under the catalysis of microbial enzyme. The yellow water contains a large amount of beneficial microorganisms domesticated in a pit for a long time under a specific environment, and a good nutritional environment for the growth and the propagation of the beneficial microorganisms is provided, such as saccharides, trace elements, growth factors, nitrogen-containing compounds, proper pH value and the like. Therefore, yellow water culture of pit mud is equivalent to inoculation, and functional bacteria in the pit can be enhanced. Practice proves that yellow water is used for maintaining the pit mud, so that the effects of inoculation, nutrition supplement, acidity maintenance, fragrance precursor substance generation and the like can be achieved, and yellow water can permeate into the pit wall and the pit bottom, so that the pit mud wettability can be maintained, and the yellow water plays a good role in maintaining the external anaerobic environment of the pit mud and strengthening anaerobic functional bacteria in the pit mud. In addition, the yellow water contains a large amount of nutrients necessary for the growth and propagation of microorganisms such as sugars, proteins, and amino acid nitrogen.
Therefore, the white spirit factories usually use yellow water for cellar culture, artificial cellar mud culture and fermented grain mixing and returning to the cellar for fermentation.
3. Used for preparing reinforced distiller's yeast
The yellow water is rich in beneficial microorganisms subjected to long-term domestication, nitrogen-containing compounds, carbohydrate substances, a small amount of tannin, pigment and the like. The beneficial microorganisms are mainly yeast and clostridium and aroma-producing bacteria, and are indispensable strains in the process of producing ethyl caproate and caproic acid. Therefore, the yellow water can be used for preparing the fermented grains of the strong aromatic Daqu liquor by adding beneficial microorganisms in the yellow water treatment into the Daqu to prepare the enhanced Daqu. Research shows that when yellow water is added, the prepared yeast has obviously improved saccharifying power, fermenting power and fermenting power.
4. Extraction of organic acids
The content of organic acid in the yellow water is the highest, and the organic acid contained in the yellow water comprises the following components: acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, lactic acid, caproic acid, enanthic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, heptadecanoic acid, stearic acid, eicosanoic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and the like, wherein the lactic acid accounts for 91 percent of the total acid in the pit. Therefore, the extraction and reuse of lactic acid from yellow water is also a research hotspot in the wine industry. Organic acids are widely used. For example, lactic acid has a large demand in the industries of food, medicine, chemistry and the like, and organic acid in yellow water can be prepared into compound organic acid calcium for utilization.
5. Supercritical CO extraction of flavor components
The traditional method for extracting flavor substances in yellow water is mainly a distillation method, but the product quality is poor and the extraction rate is low. In order to realize industrialization of extraction of the flavor components of the yellow water, a supercritical CO extraction technology is preferred. The technology has the advantages of large one-time treatment capacity, strong continuous operability, no pollution, no damage to flavor components, high mechanization degree and convenient operation and control.
6. Making a blending liquor
The substrate in the yellow water is rich in nutrition, and is a natural culture medium for microbial fermentation. If the organic matters in the yellow water can be fully utilized, not only can the economic benefit of white spirit enterprises be improved, but also the utilization rate of the yellow water can be improved. Early enterprises directly pour part of yellow water into the cellar pool to return to the cellar for fermentation, but the method is relatively extensive, cannot make the best use of the components in the yellow water, and even can influence the wine yield due to overhigh acidity. In recent years, the full utilization of yellow water and the fermentation production of other products by taking the yellow water as a substrate have become research hotspots.
The existing preparation process of the water-soluble organic carbon energy fertilizer can be roughly divided into 2 types, one is the liquefaction and activation process of solid biomass raw materials, such as agricultural wastes like straws, lignite and the like; the other is a concentration process of fermentation industrial waste liquid mainly containing small molecules, such as yeast fermentation waste liquid and the like. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
1. the first process involves operations such as acid hydrolysis, enzyme hydrolysis or alkali treatment, and has high requirements on equipment and parameter conditions, so that the process difficulty and corresponding cost are increased (for example, Chinese patent application No. 201510965747.5 discloses a method for preparing water-soluble ecological organic carbon fertilizer by using plant straws; Chinese patent application No. 201110115613.6 discloses a weathered coal activated organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof).
2. Another process for waste liquid, for example, chinese patent application No. 201510777278.4 discloses a method for preparing organic carbon liquid fertilizer containing trace elements, which still involves acid hydrolysis operation to increase the content of small molecules and increase the complexity of the process, even if the raw materials are such as waste water from alcohol production, waste water from yeast production, waste water from amino acid fermentation, etc.; the Chinese patent with the application number of 201911086848.X discloses a water-soluble organic carbon fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein yarrowia lipolytica is adopted to prepare alpha-ketoglutaric acid fermentation liquor through a liquid fermentation method, the alpha-ketoglutaric acid fermentation liquor is used as a main raw material, excessive treatment of the raw material is not needed, but the raw material source is not fermentation waste liquor, but special production is needed, and the process cost is greatly increased.
The Chinese patent with application number 201210507500.5 discloses a method for producing high-efficiency fertilizer by using humic acid and mobile fermentation, the main raw materials of the application are fulvic acid and white spirit vinasse, various probiotics are compounded by the fulvic acid and the white spirit vinasse, and the effect of the fulvic acid is only water and temperature regulation according to the content of the fulvic acid; the final product is a composite microbial humic acid organic fertilizer (solid fertilizer) which is characterized by slow release.
Therefore, the application also uses the white spirit yellow water as one of the raw materials, but the main purpose of the application is to use the white spirit yellow water as an auxiliary material to adjust the moisture and reduce the temperature so as to create conditions favorable for the fermentation and the growth of microorganisms, but no report of producing the carbon energy fertilizer by using the white spirit yellow water as the main raw material exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a production method of a water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer by taking white spirit yellow water as a raw material, and the method solves the problem of a large amount of organic wastewater in the production process of white spirit brewing enterprises.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention designs a production method of a water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer taking white spirit yellow water as a raw material, which comprises the following steps:
1) weighing chitosan and white spirit yellow water according to the weight ratio of 1: 1000-10000;
2) adding chitosan into yellow liquor; stirring for reaction, and centrifuging to remove precipitate to obtain supernatant;
3) and (3) concentrating the supernatant to 1-5 times by using a membrane to obtain the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer, wherein the content of organic carbon in the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer is more than or equal to 5%.
Further, in the step 1), the weight ratio of the chitosan to the white spirit yellow water is 1: 1000-3000.
Further, in the step 1), the weight ratio of the chitosan to the white spirit yellow water is 1: 2000.
And furthermore, in the step 2), the stirring reaction temperature is 15-30 ℃, and the time is 10-30 min.
And further, in the step 2), the stirring reaction temperature is 20 ℃, and the time is 10-30 min.
Further, in the step 3), the content of organic carbon in the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer is 5-10%.
Still further, in the step 3), the content of organic carbon in the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer is 8.5%.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
the raw material selected by the invention is yellow water; the yellow water is basically water-soluble organic substances, mainly contains organic carbon substances, and has no toxic or harmful components. The organic components in the yellow water can be absorbed by plant leaves and root systems, and particularly in soil poor in organic matters, the deficiency of soil carbon can be supplemented, and the supply of carbon sources is increased, so that the photosynthesis of plants is promoted, and the yield of crops is increased. The conversion of white spirit yellow water into carbon fertilizer is a breakthrough in yellow water utilization and has a greater application value.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the finished product produced by the invention is water-soluble organic micromolecular carbon fertilizer, and is characterized by being directly absorbed by crop roots and having quick-acting property;
2. the invention fully utilizes micromolecular organic matters rich in yellow water as main raw materials, does not need further hydrolysis step and simplifies the process.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples so as to be understood by those skilled in the art.
Example 1
The production method of the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer 1 by taking white spirit yellow water as a raw material comprises the following steps:
1) weighing chitosan and white spirit yellow water according to the weight ratio of 1: 1000-10000;
2) adding chitosan into yellow liquor; stirring and reacting for 20min at the temperature of 20 ℃, and centrifuging to remove precipitates to obtain a supernatant;
3) and (3) concentrating the supernatant to 1-5 times by using a membrane to obtain the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer 1, wherein the organic carbon content in the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer 1 is 8.5%.
Example 2
The production method of the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer 2 by taking white spirit yellow water as a raw material comprises the following steps:
1) weighing chitosan and white spirit yellow water according to the weight ratio of 1: 10000;
2) adding chitosan into yellow liquor; stirring and reacting for 10min at the temperature of 30 ℃, and centrifuging to remove precipitates to obtain a supernatant;
3) and (3) concentrating the supernatant to 1-5 times by using a membrane to obtain the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer 2, wherein the organic carbon content in the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer 2 is 7.5%.
Example 3
The production method of the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer 1 by taking white spirit yellow water as a raw material comprises the following steps:
1) weighing chitosan and white spirit yellow water according to the weight ratio of 1: 1000;
2) adding chitosan into yellow liquor; stirring and reacting for 30min at the temperature of 15 ℃, and centrifuging to remove precipitates to obtain a supernatant;
3) and (3) concentrating the supernatant to 1-5 times by using a membrane to obtain the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer 3, wherein the organic carbon content in the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer 3 is 5.5%.
Example 4
The production method of the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer 4 by taking white spirit yellow water as a raw material comprises the following steps:
1) weighing chitosan and white spirit yellow water according to the weight ratio of 1: 3000;
2) adding chitosan into yellow liquor; stirring and reacting for 20min at the temperature of 20 ℃, and centrifuging to remove precipitates to obtain a supernatant;
3) and (3) concentrating the supernatant to 1-5 times by using a membrane to obtain the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer 4, wherein the organic carbon content in the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer 4 is more than or equal to 6.5%.
The water-soluble carbon energy fertilizers 1-4 produced in the examples 1-4 are used for field experiments:
1. the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizers 1-4 produced in the above examples 1-4 and the control group are used for cultivating cucumbers and broccoli according to the following method, and other conditions are kept consistent:
a. and (3) beginning 10 days after the cucumber is transplanted, irrigating once every 7 days with the same amount of water by using carbon fertilizer, using 4 kilograms of water per mu, and irrigating 8 times in total by adding water.
TABLE 1
| Yield per mu | Increase ratio to control group | |
| Example 1 | 8216 kg | 20.6％ |
| Example 2 | 8162 kg | 19.1％ |
| Example 3 | 7870 kg | 14.8％ |
| Example 4 | 8015 kg | 16.9％ |
| Control group | 6855 kg |
Note: the control group keeps the same water and fertilizer management as the experimental group except that no organic fertilizer is applied.
b. Beginning 10 days after the transplantation of the broccoli, using carbon energy fertilizer or a control group once every 10 days, using 2 kilograms of fertilizer per mu, watering by adding water, and watering for 8 times in total.
Watch (A)
| Yield per mu | Increase ratio to control group | |
| Example 1 | 4612A | 19.3％ |
| Example 2 | 4565A group | 18.1％ |
| Example 3 | 4284A plant extract | 10.8％ |
| Example 4 | 4463A flower | 15.5％ |
| Control group | 3865A flower |
Note: the control group keeps the same water and fertilizer management as the experimental group except that no organic fertilizer is applied.
Through the above field comparative test, the following conclusions can be obtained:
1) the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizers 1-4 produced in the embodiments 1-4 can obviously improve the yield of cucumbers and broccoli, and show excellent fertilizer efficiency performance;
2) the higher the organic carbon content in the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizers 1-4 is, the better the yield increasing effect is under the condition of the same application amount.
2. By combining the above experiments, the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer 1 and the common solid organic fertilizer produced in example 1 were used for cauliflower and watermelon cultivation according to the following methods, and other conditions were kept consistent:
a. using cauliflowers as experimental objects, after transplanting, using carbon energy fertilizer once every 10 days for group A, using 2 kilograms of fertilizer per mu, watering with water, and watering for 5 times in total; adding 100 kg/mu of organic fertilizer into the base fertilizer of the group B during transplanting; the control group was managed with the same water and fertilizer without any organic fertilizer. The yield of the group A is increased by 23.6 percent, and the yield of the group B is increased by 24.3 percent.
b. Taking watermelons as experimental objects, after transplanting seedlings, using carbon energy fertilizer once every 7 days for the group A, using 3 kilograms of fertilizer per mu, watering by adding water, and watering for 6 times in total; group B is added with 150 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the base fertilizer during seedling transplanting; the control group was managed with the same water and fertilizer without any organic fertilizer. The yield of the group A is increased by 26.5 percent, and the yield of the group B is increased by 20.1 percent.
Through the above field comparative test, the following conclusions can be obtained:
1) both the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer 1 and the common solid organic fertilizer produced in the example 1 can obviously improve the yield of cauliflower and watermelon;
2) in the cauliflower planting process, the yield increasing effect of 10kg of water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer 1 applied to each mu is basically close to 100 kg of common solid organic fertilizer;
3) in watermelon planting, the yield increasing effect of applying 18kg of water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer 1 per mu is obviously more than 150 kg of common solid organic fertilizer.
Other parts not described in detail are prior art. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and the embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A production method of a water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer taking white spirit yellow water as a raw material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) weighing chitosan and white spirit yellow water according to the weight ratio of 1: 1000-10000;
2) adding chitosan into yellow liquor; stirring for reaction, and centrifuging to remove precipitate to obtain supernatant;
3) and (3) concentrating the supernatant to 1-5 times by using a membrane to obtain the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer, wherein the content of organic carbon in the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer is more than or equal to 5%.
2. The production method of the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer taking white spirit yellow water as the raw material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step 1), the weight ratio of the chitosan to the white spirit yellow water is 1: 1000-3000.
3. The production method of the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer taking white spirit yellow water as the raw material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step 1), the weight ratio of the chitosan to the white spirit yellow water is 1: 2000.
4. The production method of the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer taking white spirit yellow water as the raw material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step 2), the stirring reaction temperature is 15-30 ℃, and the time is 10-30 min.
5. The production method of the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer taking white spirit yellow water as the raw material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step 2), the stirring reaction temperature is 20 ℃, and the time is 10-30 min.
6. The production method of the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer taking white spirit yellow water as the raw material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step 3), the content of organic carbon in the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer is 5-10%.
7. The production method of the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer taking white spirit yellow water as the raw material according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step 3), the content of organic carbon in the water-soluble carbon energy fertilizer is 8.5%.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103012009A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-04-03 | 张有聪 | Organic acid plant soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN107986875A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-05-04 | 四川国科中农生物科技有限公司 | A kind of humic acid Water soluble fertilizer and its preparation process using yellow water as carrier |
-
2020
- 2020-08-17 CN CN202010826819.9A patent/CN111908979A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103012009A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-04-03 | 张有聪 | Organic acid plant soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN107986875A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-05-04 | 四川国科中农生物科技有限公司 | A kind of humic acid Water soluble fertilizer and its preparation process using yellow water as carrier |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 李亚清 等: "黄水不同预处理方法对比研究", 《辽宁师专学报》 * |
| 李觅 等: "黄水澄清方法对比研究", 《酿酒科技》 * |
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