CN111903409A

CN111903409A - Cultivation method for promoting early fruiting and high yield of lemons

Info

Publication number: CN111903409A
Application number: CN202010644134.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄雄峰; 尤桂春; 熊月明; 黄奕翔
Original assignee: Pomology Research Institute Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Pomology Research Institute Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2020-07-07
Filing date: 2020-07-07
Publication date: 2020-11-10

Abstract

The invention relates to a cultivation method for promoting early fruiting and high yield of lemons, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting seedlings; (2) selecting land; (3) preparing a planting hole; (4) planting; (5) managing soil, water and fertilizer after planting: A. managing the soil after planting; B. managing water after planting; C. fertilization management after planting: a. fertilizing the young trees; b. fertilizing the first bearing tree; c. fertilizing adult fruit trees; (6) shaping and trimming: A. pruning the saplings; B. pruning the early bearing trees; C. pruning a fruiting tree; (7) managing the flower and fruit period; (8) and (4) pest control. The lemon of the invention has obvious early-maturing and high-yield performance and is suitable for popularization and application.

Description

Cultivation method for promoting early fruiting and high yield of lemons

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree planting, in particular to a cultivation method for promoting early fruiting and high yield of lemons.

Background

Lemon [ Citrus limon (L.) burm.f. ], which belongs to Citrus fruit trees of the genus Citrus of the family rutaceae, is native to southeast asia areas such as southwest areas of china, southwest areas of burma and southeast areas of himalaya mountains, and is planted in about 106 countries and areas in the world at present.

Zhangpu county place strait west bank belongs to subtropical marine season climate, the air temperature in January is 11-18 ℃, the lowest temperature is greater than zero degree, the climate condition is superior, the climate resources are rich, the climate environment is very suitable for lemon planting, and a good ecological basis for lemon development is provided. However, no good cultivation method exists at present, so that the introduction of lemon varieties for cultivation and the achievement of early fruiting and high yield are technical problems to be solved in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a cultivation method for promoting the early fruiting and high yield of lemons, particularly the 'Indian big fruit' lemons, so as to provide scientific basis for the popularization and the application of the variety.

The specific scheme is as follows:

a cultivation method for promoting early fruiting and high yield of lemons is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) selecting seedlings: selecting a robust tree seedling with good healing of a grafting opening, developed root system and no disease or insect damage;

(2) selecting land: selecting an area where serious frost disasters do not occur, and selecting a plot with the organic matter content of more than 3 percent, the soil pH value of 6-7.5, loose soil, the soil void ratio of more than 10 percent and the oxygen content of more than 2 percent as a plantation;

(3) preparing a planting hole: planting holes with the diameter of 0.6-0.8m and the depth of 0.8m, the plant row spacing of 3.5m multiplied by 3.5m, weathering for a period of time after the planting holes are dug, filling base fertilizer in the previous month, uniformly mixing 50kg of seaweed mud organic fertilizer, 0.5kg of lime and 0.5kg of calcium superphosphate with surface soil in each planting hole, filling the surface soil after backfilling until the filled soil is about 35cm higher than the ground, and then finishing into a tree tray with the diameter of 0.8 m;

(4) planting: after the seedlings are fixedly planted, making a tree tray with the diameter of 1m around the seedlings, and watering enough root fixing water; after the young seedlings survive, 0.2% -0.5% urea water or compound fertilizer is sprayed to promote the growth of root systems and young shoots;

(5) managing soil, water and fertilizer after planting:

A. managing the soil after planting: beginning in the 2 nd year after planting, expanding holes and improving soil every year, digging holes with the width of 30cm, the length of 80cm and the depth of 40cm near water dripping lines on two sides of a plant after growth of autumn tips is stopped, pressing green manure weeds into the bottom layer, putting 10kg of seaweed mud organic fertilizer into the middle and upper layers, returning soil on the surface layer for filling, digging holes on the other two sides of the plant in the next year, and expanding outwards year by year;

B. managing water after planting: whether watering is supplemented or not is determined according to the dry and wet conditions of the soil;

C. fertilization management after planting:

a. fertilizing young trees: applying fertilizers once before the sprout germinates and when the sprout turns green, wherein 150g of urea-containing 100 or 15-20kg of 5-8% decomposed farmyard manure water is applied to each plant;

b. fertilizing the first bearing tree: after the spring fertilizer blooms, 50g of compound fertilizer is applied to each plant according to the flower quantity; controlling tips without fertilizing before sprouting; applying fertilizers for 1 time 10-15 days before the autumn shoots germinate, wherein 20-30kg of decomposed farmyard manure or 300g of urea 200-5 g and 300g of potassium sulfate 200-300g are applied to each plant; 10kg of seaweed mud organic fertilizer is applied to each strain in winter;

c. fertilizing adult fruit trees: applying fertilizers for 1 time by combining irrigation 10-15 days before spring shoot germination, wherein 50g of urea and 10g of monopotassium phosphate are applied to each plant, applying fertilizers for 1 time after flower withering, and applying 200g of compound fertilizers for each plant, or spraying foliar fertilizers mixed by 0.3-0.5% of urea and 0.2% of monopotassium phosphate to the tree crowns; applying fertilizer for 1 time 10-15 days before autumn shoots germinate, wherein 100g of urea and 50g of monopotassium phosphate are applied to each plant; hole expanding and fertilizing are carried out before and after fruit picking, and 15kg of seaweed mud organic fertilizer is applied to each plant;

(6) shaping and trimming:

A. pruning saplings: fixing the trunk at a position 40-50cm away from the ground, selecting and reserving 3-4 branches extracted from different directions on the trunk as main branches, selecting and reserving 9-12 second-stage branches and 30-40 third-stage branches, pinching the tips of the main branches and the tips of the second-stage branches at a length of 25-30cm after the tips are extracted each time, and pruning the rest; simultaneously, removing buds and young fruits, removing adventitious buds on a trunk and a main branch except for filling up the blank, removing the buds before the trunk and the main branch is 2cm long, and cutting off a bare-grown branch or keeping 25-30cm for short cutting and filling up the blank;

B. trimming the early bearing trees: thinning and shearing excessive nutrition branches in spring shoots; controlling the tip of the summer; the late winter shoots are erased in time; pruning the bare branches, and cutting short branches at the sparse positions of the branches by 30-35 cm;

C. pruning a fruiting tree: properly thinning off the branch tips with excessive and vigorous growth on the top of the crown in the spring shoots; summer shears are mainly used for erasing tips of summer; the winter pruning is carried out after the spring flowers and fruits are picked, thinning and pruning are carried out on the over-dense branches and the cross branches, retraction is carried out on the declining branches and the top over-strong branches, and bare-grown branches, dead branches and insect-plague branches are pruned;

(7) managing the flower and fruit period: applying 25g of urea for 1 time to each plant 10-15 days before spring shoot germination, and spraying 0.1-0.2% of urea, 0.1-0.3% of monopotassium phosphate and 0.2-0.5% of borax leaf fertilizer in the flowering phase;

(8) and (3) pest control: biological or chemical control is carried out according to the types of the pests and diseases.

Furthermore, the plantation is provided with a pipe arrangement system which comprises equal-height flood-proof ditches at the upper part of the garden, longitudinal ditches in the garden and a drainage ditch at the rear wall of the terrace.

Furthermore, the area where no serious frost disaster occurs in the step (2) refers to an area where the annual average temperature is above 21 ℃, the annual activity accumulated temperature is above 5600 ℃ at not less than 10 ℃, the monthly average temperature is 11-18 ℃, the extreme low temperature is above 0 ℃, the annual rainfall is 1524.7000mm, the annual sunshine hours is 2119h, and no serious frost disaster occurs.

Further, the seaweed mud organic fertilizer is produced by biological science and technology limited of continental province of Fujian province.

Further, the seaweed mud organic fertilizer mainly comprises the following components: 68.9 percent of organic matter, 2.43 percent of nitrogen, 4.12 percent of phosphorus and 3.63 percent of potassium; the pH value of the seaweed mud organic fertilizer is 8.1.

Furthermore, after field planting in the step (4), peanuts, soybeans or stylosanthes guianensis are planted among rows of the plants to serve as cash crops or green manure, and the method is used for improving the ecological environment of an orchard, improving the soil fertility and reducing the growth of weeds.

Further, after the field planting in the step (5), the water content of the soil is controlled to be not lower than 60 percent in the water management.

Further, the variety of the lemon is Indian big fruit.

Wherein:

the grafted seedling should be selected from robust seedling with good healing of the grafting opening, developed root system and no plant diseases and insect pests, and the survival rate is high and the growth is good after planting. If the grafting opening is not well healed, if the part near the grafting opening is obviously thickened or weakened, the survival rate after planting is not high, and the growth result in the future is not favorable.

Because the cold resistance of the lemon is the worst in citrus and can only resist-3 ℃, the lemon is most suitable for being planted in areas with annual average temperature of more than 21 ℃, annual activity accumulated temperature of more than or equal to 10 ℃ of more than 5600 ℃, monthly average temperature of 11-18 ℃, extreme low temperature of more than 0 ℃, annual rainfall of 1524.7000mm and annual sunshine hours of 2119h, and no serious frost disaster.

The lemon has wide adaptability to soil, can be planted in red soil and yellow soil, but the organic matter content of the soil has great influence on the growth and development of the lemon, so that the invention requires the organic matter content of the soil to be more than 3 percent; the soil pH value is 6-7.5, the soil is loose, the soil void ratio is more than 10%, and the oxygen content is more than 2%.

In order to facilitate management, the garden road of the plantation is provided with a main road, a branch road and an operation path, so that the principles of transportation, orchard management, land saving and investment reduction are facilitated. The hillside orchard pipe arranging system mainly comprises equal-height flood-proof ditches at the upper part of a garden, longitudinal ditches in the garden and drainage ditches on the rear wall of a terrace.

The lemon of the invention can be planted all the year round, and mainly adopts spring planting and autumn planting in production. The seedlings need to cut off unfilled young shoots and partial leaves to reduce water transpiration, overlong root systems are cut off, after the soil is planted and backfilled, surface soil is lightly compacted to ensure that the soil and the root systems are completely combined without leaving gaps, a tree disc with the diameter of 1m is made around the seedlings, and the height of the tree disc is higher than the height of the tree disc so as to be beneficial to water storage and soil conservation. After planting, watering enough root fixing water, covering the tree tray with straws to keep the humidity of the soil, and watering once again the next day, and watering 1 time every 2-3 days later to keep the soil moist. After the seedlings survive, spraying and applying 0.2-0.5% urea or compound fertilizer about 15 days after planting to promote the growth of root systems and young shoots.

The hole expanding and soil improving are carried out every year from the 2 nd year after the field planting. Specifically, after the growth of the autumn tips is stopped, digging holes with the width of 30cm, the length of 80cm and the depth of 40cm near water dripping lines on two sides of the plants, pressing green manure weeds into the bottom layer, putting organic fertilizer into the middle and upper layers, returning soil on the surface layer to fill and level, digging holes on the other two sides of the plants in the next year, and expanding outwards year by year. Economic crops such as peanuts, soybeans, stylosanthes guianensis and the like or green manure can be planted among the rows of the lemon orchard, and the method is used for improving the ecological environment of the orchard, improving the soil fertility and reducing the growth of weeds.

The lemon is neither drought-resistant nor moisture-resistant, and the watering period is comprehensively determined by the water demand, the soil water content and the climate conditions in different climatic periods. In spring germination, physiological fruit drop period, fruit expansion period and autumn tip period, if the water content of soil is less than 60%, irrigation is needed in time, and the water content is properly controlled in late winter flower bud differentiation period.

The fertilization of the lemon is comprehensively determined according to the age, the vigor, the yield, the season and the soil condition of the tree.

Fertilizing young trees: the 1-2 year lemon trees mainly grow new shoots and expand crowns, the front shoots and the rear shoots are applied more, thinly and repeatedly, fertilizers are generally applied once before the new shoots germinate and when the new shoots turn green, and each plant is applied with 20kg of farmyard manure water which can be selected from 100g of urea or 5% -10% of rotten urea.

Fertilizing the first bearing tree: the first bearing trees are fertilized according to the growth season of plants, after spring fertilizer blooms, 40-60g of compound fertilizer is applied to each plant according to the flower amount, and plants with large flower amount can be applied more; controlling tips before sprouting in summer without applying fertilizer, and inhibiting vegetative growth; applying fertilizer 10-15 days before autumn shoots germinate for 1 time, wherein 20-30kg of decomposed farmyard manure or 250g of urea and 250g of potassium sulfate are applied to each plant; re-applying in winter to ensure the quantity and quality of flower bud differentiation and benefit the growth in winter and the next year, mainly applying 4-5kg of commercial organic fertilizer or 20-30kg of decomposed farmyard manure, 20g of urea, 110g of calcium superphosphate and 50g of potassium sulfate to each plant

Fertilizing adult fruit trees: and (4) applying fertilizer to adult fruiting trees according to the phenological period of plants. Applying fertilizer for 1 time by combining irrigation 10-15 days before spring shoots germinate, mainly using quick-acting nitrogen, and adding appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer or decomposed farmyard manure to promote the spring shoots to be robust and tidy and improve the quality of flowers; applying fertilizer for 1 time after blossom withering to supplement nutrients consumed during the flowering period of the tree body and improve the fruit setting rate, wherein each plant is applied with 100-200g of compound fertilizer, or the crown is sprayed with foliar fertilizer mixed by 0.3-0.5% of urea and 0.2% of monopotassium phosphate; the autumn tip fertilizer is applied for 1 time 10-15 days before the autumn tips germinate, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are taken as main fertilizers to promote the number of the extracted autumn tips to be large and robust, so that the yield of the next year is ensured; the fruit picking fertilizer is applied again, accounts for 40-50% of the total annual fertilizer application amount, is applied by expanding holes before and after fruit picking, takes the organic fertilizer as the main material, promotes the recovery of the tree vigor of plants, and safely overwintering.

Pruning saplings: fixing the trunk at a position 35-40cm away from the ground, selecting and reserving 3-4 branches extracted from different directions on the trunk as main branches, selecting and reserving 9-12 second-stage branches and 30-40 third-stage branches, pinching the tips of the main branches and the tips of the second-stage branches at a length of 20-25cm after the tips are extracted each time, and pruning the rest. Meanwhile, buds and young fruits are removed, the tips in summer are left to expand the crowns, the adventitious buds on the trunk and the main branches are removed before 3cm long, and the long branches are cut off or 25-30cm is left for short-cut filling. The young tree is mainly pruned by light shearing.

Trimming the early bearing trees: the first fruit tree still needs to continue to cultivate branch groups, and the main point is light shearing and thinning. And thinning and shearing excessive nutrition branches in spring shoots to avoid flower and fruit dropping. The tip control is carried out on the tip of the summer, so that fruit drop caused by the fact that a large amount of tips compete for tree nutrients is avoided. If the early winter shoots are strong, the early winter shoots can still bloom and bear fruits in the next year, if the early winter shoots are not strong, the blossoming is mostly degenerated incomplete flowers, and the late winter shoots are erased in time. The drooping branches have high flowering rate and continuous fruiting capacity, are not required to be cut off randomly, can be gradually cut off when the fruiting capacity is reduced along with the increase of the tree age, and simultaneously improve the ground clearance of the tree crowns. Pruning the long branches, but cutting the branches at the sparse positions by 25-30 cm.

Pruning a fruiting tree: the fruit trees are mainly pruned in summer and in winter, and meet the requirements of no empty inner chamber and no dense periphery of the plants according to the principle of pruning from outside to inside and from top to bottom. The spring shoots are properly thinned to remove branches and tips excessively and vigorously growing on the tops of the crowns, and the summer shears are mainly used for erasing summer shoots, so that fruit drop caused by a large number of summer shoots is avoided, and preparation is made for growing strong autumn shoots; the winter pruning is carried out after the spring flowers and fruits are picked, the pruning is mainly carried out, the branches in the inner chamber are reserved as much as possible, the pruning is carried out on the over-dense branches and the cross branches, the retraction is carried out on the declined branches and the over-strong branches at the top, and the pruning is carried out on the spindly branches, the dead branches and the insect-pest-infected branches, so that the ventilation and the light transmission of the tree crowns are facilitated.

The Indian big-fruit lemon is easy to flower, blooms and fruits all the year round, has less physiological fruit drop, good fast-growing and premature delivery performance and the highest yield of spring flower fruits. Besides the conventional fertilizer, the quick-acting fertilizer is applied for 1 time according to the tree vigor 10-15 days before spring shoots sprout to promote the flowering. 0.2 percent of urea, 0.3 percent of monopotassium phosphate and 0.2 percent of borax leaf fertilizer can be sprayed in the flowering phase. Dense fruits, insect pests and malformed fruits are removed after physiological fruit drop. In order to improve the commodity, the fruits can be bagged, after physiological fruit dropping and fruit thinning, the insecticide, acaricide and bactericide are sprayed once, the fruits are bagged by special paper bags for fruits with yellow outer parts and black inner parts, and the fruit bags are removed after harvesting.

The plant disease resistance of the Indian big fruit lemon is strong, and the main diseases and insect pests are controlled in the field as follows: canker, anthracnose, red spider of citrus, leaf miner, butterfly, etc. are treated through biological control, chemical control, etc. to strengthen tree vigor.

The commercial organic fertilizer adopted by the invention is seaweed mud organic fertilizer produced by biological science and technology limited of China, Fujian province, and the main components of the seaweed mud organic fertilizer comprise 68.9 percent of organic matter, 2.43 percent of nitrogen, 4.12 percent of phosphorus, 3.63 percent of potassium and 8.1 of pH. The fertilizer is prepared by processing seaweed mud and shells, is rich in organic matters and mineral substances, is slightly alkaline, mainly has the characteristic of improving the acidity of soil in south regions, can improve the pH value of soil in south regions after being applied, and is beneficial to the growth of crops. When the fertilizer is applied, the dosage is controlled, generally 10-50kg of fertilizer is applied at one time, the slightly acidic effect on soil improvement is good, the soil is slightly alkaline due to excessive application, the application amount is less, and the soil improvement effect is poor.

Has the advantages that:

1. by adopting the cultivation method, the lemon plants grow well and have more flowers:

the Indian big-fruit lemon has the advantages that the tree posture is opened, the crown is oblate, the tree posture is moderately strong, the growth performance of the trunk diameter, the tree height and the crown width are consistent, the tree crown is prone to rapidly rising, and the tree crown is easy to form in the early stage. The stock is 1 year native lemon, the grafting is carried out for 12 months, the average diameter and thickness of the trunk is 2.7cm (the measuring position is that the grafting opening is 3cm upwards), the average height of the crown is increased by 83.5cm, the thickness of the crown leaf layer is 74.7cm, and the crown width (east-west multiplied by south-north) is 100.8cm multiplied by 74.7 cm.

Branch tips: the thickness of the spring tip is 3.3mm, the internode length is 20mm, the number of thorns is large, and the length of the thorns is 8 mm. The shoots are mainly extracted 4 times in spring, summer, autumn and winter in one year, and the shoots are extracted in succession and sporadically in the rest of time.

A blade: the leaf type single-body compound leaf has the advantages that the color of the tender leaf is dark red, the leaf body is elliptical, the leaf tip is short and sharp, the leaf base is wide and wedge-shaped, the leaf stem is 8mm long, the leaf is 79mm long and 41mm wide, the wing leaf is inverted oval, the wing leaf is 4mm long and 3mm wide, and the leaf edge is serrated edge.

Flower: the flower is performed for many times a year, wherein the bud period of the spring flower is 2 ten days before the bud period, the initial flowering period is 2 ten days after the bud period, and the final flowering period is 4 ten days during the middle of the month; beginning the early 5 th month of summer; beginning of autumn flower in the first 8 th ten days of the month and ending of autumn flower in the last 9 th ten days of the month; winter flower begins 11 days before. The flower grows in a general inflorescence and axillary crest, normal amphoteric flower has the number of 5 petals, the petals are purplish in appearance and white in inside, the anther is yellow, the pollen is more, the length and width of the petals are 27mm and 8mm, the number of stamens is 28 on average, the filaments are partially combined in a clutch state, and the style is vertical.

2. By adopting the cultivation method, the lemon is early born and high in yield, and the quality and character of the fruit are good:

the fruit is oval or spherical, the fruit top is mastoid, no ring is printed, the flower column is partially reserved, the fruit base is flat or shallow, the average single fruit weight is 141.2g, the fruit peel is yellow, the fruit surface is smooth, the fruit core is full and partially empty, the number of the capsule segments is 10.5, the number of seeds is 47.5, the seed particle weight is 0.11g, the fruit flesh is sour and has no bitter, the soluble solid in the fruit juice is 7.1%, the titratable acid content is 6.3%, the fruit edible rate is 97.0%, the juice yield is 55.2%, and the slice drying rate is 12.8%.

After the grafted seedlings of Indian big fruits managed in Zhangpu county are planted for 18 months, the seedlings can be tested and put into production, the yield of the spring fruit plants in 2 years reaches 18kg, and the early-bearing high-yield performance is more outstanding.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is intended to be illustrative of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention. The examples do not specify particular techniques or conditions, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.

Example 1:

and (3) plantation selection:

zhangpu county is at the west bank of the strait, belongs to subtropical marine seasonal climate, has superior climate conditions, is rich in climate resources, is very suitable for lemon planting in climate environment, and has a good ecological foundation for lemon development. In the embodiment, the selection of the screening nursery of the fine variety of the lemon in the fruit garden of suburb park of Zhangpu county is carried out, and screening evaluation research is carried out.

Lemon variety: big fruit of Indian.

Planting time: 2016.

The cultivation method comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting seedlings: selecting a robust Indian big fruit tree seedling with good healing of a grafting opening, developed root system and no plant diseases and insect pests;

(2) selecting land: selecting a plot with the content of organic matters of Zhangpu county being more than 3%, the pH value of soil being 6-7.5, the soil quality being loose, the void ratio of soil being more than 10% and the oxygen content being more than 2% as a plantation;

for convenience of management, the plantation is also provided with a pipe arrangement system which comprises equal-height flood-proof ditches at the upper part of the garden, longitudinal ditches of the garden and a drainage ditch at the rear wall of the terrace;

peanuts, soybeans or stylosanthes guianensis are planted among rows of the plants to serve as cash crops or green manure, and the method is used for improving the ecological environment of an orchard, improving the soil fertility and reducing the growth of weeds.

(5) Managing soil, water and fertilizer after planting:

B. managing water after planting: whether the watering is supplemented or not is determined according to the dryness and the humidity of the soil, the water content of the soil is controlled to be not less than 60%, and once the water content of the soil is less than 60%, the watering is carried out in time;

C. fertilization management after planting:

(6) shaping and trimming:

Wherein the seaweed mud organic fertilizer is produced by biological science and technology limited of China, Fujian province; the seaweed mud organic fertilizer comprises the following main components: 68.9 percent of organic matter, 2.43 percent of nitrogen, 4.12 percent of phosphorus and 3.63 percent of potassium; the pH value of the seaweed mud organic fertilizer is 8.1.

Control group 1:

the large indian fruits of control group 1 were planted near the plots of example 1 using existing conventional planting methods.

Example 2:

the cultivation method of example 2 is basically the same as that of example 1, except that the planting time of example 2 is as follows: 2017

Control group 2:

the large indian fruits of control group 2 were planted near the plots of example 2 using existing conventional planting methods.

Example 3:

the cultivation method of example 3 is basically the same as that of example 1, except that the planting time of example 3 is: 2018 years old

Control group 3:

the large indian fruits of control group 3 were planted near the plots of example 3 using existing conventional planting methods.

Morphological and biological characterization:

1. the determination method comprises the following steps:

the morphological characteristic of the Indian big fruit lemon is described and recorded according to citrus germplasm resource data quality control specification and citrus germplasm resource description specification, and the color identification is according to the standard of RHS plant colorimetric card of the British royal garden Association. Data were averaged over 2 years.

2. The results are shown in Table 1:

TABLE 1 comparison of morphological characteristics and biological characteristics of examples 1-3 and control groups 1-3

As can be seen from table 1, the present invention compares with the lemon planted in the origin and planted by the conventional method:

the invention researches from cultivation modes of seedling selection, land selection, planting, field planting, soil, water and fertilizer management after field planting, shaping and pruning and the like, and compared with lemon planting in an original production area, the invention has the advantages of high fruit soluble solid, low titratable acid content, high edible rate, high juice yield, high slicing and drying rate, 21.4 percent yield improvement and more outstanding early fruiting and high yield performance after production.

While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cultivation method for promoting early fruiting and high yield of lemons is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(5) managing soil, water and fertilizer after planting:

C. fertilization management after planting:

(6) shaping and trimming:

2. The cultivation method for promoting the early fruiting and high yield of lemon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plantation is provided with a calandria system comprising a high flood-proof ditch on the upper part of the garden, a longitudinal ditch on the garden and a ditch on the back wall of the terrace.

3. The cultivation method for promoting the early fruiting and high yield of lemon according to claim 1, wherein the area where no serious frost disaster occurs in step (2) is the area where the average annual temperature is more than 21 ℃, the annual activity accumulated temperature is more than 5600 ℃ at not less than 10 ℃, the average monthly temperature is 11-18 ℃, the extreme low temperature is more than 0 ℃, the annual rainfall is 1524.7000mm, the annual sunshine hours is 2119h, and no serious frost disaster occurs.

4. The cultivation method for promoting the early fruiting and high yield of lemon according to claim 1, wherein the seaweed mud organic fertilizer is produced by biotech limited of Hakka Hainan, Fujian province.

5. The cultivation method for promoting the early fruiting and high yield of lemon as claimed in claim 4, wherein the main components of the seaweed mud organic fertilizer comprise: 68.9 percent of organic matter, 2.43 percent of nitrogen, 4.12 percent of phosphorus and 3.63 percent of potassium; the pH value of the seaweed mud organic fertilizer is 8.1.

6. The cultivation method for promoting the early fruiting and high yield of lemon according to claim 1, wherein after the field planting in the step (4), peanuts, soybeans or stylosanthes are planted among rows of the plants to serve as cash crops or green manure, and the cultivation method is used for improving the ecological environment of an orchard, improving the soil fertility and reducing the growth of weeds.

7. The cultivation method for promoting the early fruiting and high yield of lemon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water content of the soil after planting in step (5) is controlled to be not less than 60%.

8. The cultivation method for promoting the early fruiting and high yield of lemon according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the variety of lemon is Indian large fruit.