CN111842913A - Aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing and preparation method thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN111842913A
CN111842913A CN202010614968.9A CN202010614968A CN111842913A CN 111842913 A CN111842913 A CN 111842913A CN 202010614968 A CN202010614968 A CN 202010614968A CN 111842913 A CN111842913 A CN 111842913A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
aluminum
zinc alloy
alloy powder
powder
printing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202010614968.9A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
尹春月
严鹏飞
严彪
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tongji University
Original Assignee
Tongji University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tongji University filed Critical Tongji University
Priority to CN202010614968.9A priority Critical patent/CN111842913A/en
Publication of CN111842913A publication Critical patent/CN111842913A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
    • B22F1/065—Spherical particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/14—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/16—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with magnesium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/18—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with zinc
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/088—Fluid nozzles, e.g. angle, distance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0892—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid casting nozzle; controlling metal stream in or after the casting nozzle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0896—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid particle transport, separation: process and apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing, and belongs to the technical field of metal powder 3D printing. Heating and melting the aluminum-zinc alloy raw materials, and fully and uniformly mixing the raw materials; preparing aluminum-zinc alloy powder by using a gas atomization technology; after gas atomization, screening the aluminum-zinc alloy powder to obtain the aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing within a required particle size range; the proportion of the aluminum-zinc alloy raw materials meets the requirement of the aluminum-zinc alloy powder finally used for 3D printing: zn content of 0.50 wt% to 11.00 wt%, Si content of 0.10 wt% to 10.00 wt%, Mg content of 0.05 wt% to 4.00 wt%, Cu content of 0.01 wt% to 2.80 wt%, Zr content of 0.01 wt% to 2.50 wt%, and the balance Al. The strength of a sample prepared by adopting the SLM is equivalent to that of an SLM aluminum-silicon alloy, but the elongation is obviously higher than that of the common SLM, so that the use requirement of the aluminum alloy under most conditions can be met, the complex post-treatment process of the wrought aluminum alloy is reduced, and the energy and the cost are saved.

Description

Aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and particularly relates to aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The 3D printing is a preparation technology for obtaining a product with a complex shape by using three-dimensional model data in a layer-by-layer accumulation mode. Compared with the traditional preparation method of plastics, ceramics, metals, alloys and composite materials, the 3D printing technology has a series of advantages of being capable of preparing products with high precision and complex shapes, saving raw materials, saving cost and the like, and has good application prospects. Currently, common 3D printing methods include direct three-dimensional printing and forming technology (3DP), selective laser melting technology (SLM), stereo light curing technology (SLA), fused deposition technology (FDM), etc., wherein the selective laser melting technology (SLM) is widely applied to 3D printing of metal powder. The metals and alloys which can be used for SLM at present mainly comprise stainless steel, titanium alloy, aluminum alloy and the like, and are mainly applied to aerospace and automobile industries.
The aluminum-based alloy is an important component in metal 3D printing, has the characteristics of light weight, low melting point, high safety, good plasticity and the like, has a wide application prospect in the aspect of part weight reduction, and therefore occupies an increasingly important position in light-weight automobile and aerospace industries. Although the industry has a high interest in preparing aluminum alloy products by 3D printing technology, and many SLM-prepared aluminum alloy parts have been applied in some fields, the large-scale application of SLM-prepared aluminum alloy products is still limited by the preparation and performance of raw alloy powder, the production of matched printers, the development of printing models, the printing process, the costs of all aspects, and the like. At present, most SLM printers capable of preparing aluminum alloy products with better performance are imported abroad, alloy powder raw materials for printing also need to be imported, and the powder selling price is expensive, so that the cost of printing the aluminum alloy products is greatly increased, and the technical development and large-scale application of the aluminum alloy products are limited.
The technology for preparing the alloy powder raw material is also actively developed in China, however, the aluminum alloy is easy to oxidize, the specific surface area of the powder is increased, the powder is easier to oxidize, and the oxidized powder has great influence on the performance of printed products. Furthermore, the powder raw material for printing has high requirements on the particle size and uniformity of the powder, the fluidity and the purity of the powder. Therefore, the prior powder raw material preparation technology adopted in China has poor product performance, complex preparation technology and higher cost, and can not be used for large-scale production.
Currently, a great deal of aluminum-silicon alloys with better casting performance, such as AlSi10Mg, AlSi12 and the like, are used for 3D printing of aluminum alloys. The aluminum-silicon alloy prepared by the SLM technology has the highest tensile strength of about 450MPa, the elongation of about 4 percent, moderate tensile strength and low elongation. The aluminum alloys of the 2xxx series, the 7xxx series and the like with higher strength and better ductility are difficult to prepare by the SLM technology because a great amount of cracks are generated in the SLM processing process to cause cracking, so that the product performance is poor and can not be compared with the aluminum alloy manufactured conventionally. In addition, the SLM products of the current aluminum alloys have the problems that the mechanical properties are sensitive to the change of the process parameters, the heat treatment cannot necessarily improve the product performance, and the like. Aiming at the current research situation of the SLM aluminum alloy, designing and optimizing the special SLM aluminum alloy is an effective way for preparing the high-performance aluminum alloy through the SLM.
Researches find that rare earth elements such as Sc and the like are added into the alloy, so that the cracking problem of series of wrought aluminum alloys such as 2xxx and 7xxx caused by high cooling rate in the SLM process can be effectively solved, and a product with a smooth surface and no cracks is prepared. Meanwhile, Sc can also form nano Al3And the Sc precipitates further improve the strength of the SLM aluminum alloy. However, the rare earth element content is low, the price is high, and the large-scale popularization and application are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing and a preparation method thereof.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a preparation method of aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing, which comprises the following steps:
heating and melting the aluminum-zinc alloy raw materials, and fully and uniformly mixing the raw materials;
impacting and melting the aluminum-zinc alloy flow by adopting high-speed compressed air flow, crushing the aluminum-zinc alloy flow to obtain gas atomized particles, and cooling to obtain aluminum-zinc alloy powder prepared by a gas atomization technology;
after gas atomization, screening the aluminum-zinc alloy powder to obtain the aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing within a required particle size range;
the proportion of the aluminum-zinc alloy raw materials meets the requirement of the aluminum-zinc alloy powder finally used for 3D printing: zn content of 0.50 wt% to 11.00 wt%, Si content of 0.10 wt% to 10.00 wt%, Mg content of 0.05 wt% to 4.00 wt%, Cu content of 0.01 wt% to 2.80 wt%, Zr content of 0.01 wt% to 2.50 wt%, and the balance Al. The powder has high purity and is substantially free of other impurities.
In one embodiment of the invention, the aluminum-zinc alloy raw material is heated and melted in the range of 650 ℃ to 900 ℃.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the chemical composition of the prepared aluminum-zinc alloy powder is preferably as follows: the Zn content is 2.00-8.00 wt%, the Si content is 0.50-9.00 wt%, the Mg content is 0.10-3.00 wt%, the Cu content is 0.10-2.00 wt%, the Zr content is 0.01-1.80 wt%, and the rest is Al, so that the purity is high, and the alloy basically does not contain other impurities.
In one embodiment of the invention, the high velocity compressed gas stream is used to impinge a stream of molten aluminum-zinc alloy using a supersonic atomizing nozzle incorporating a laval and hartmann configuration. The specific structure of the supersonic atomizing nozzle combining the laval and hartmann structures can refer to the supersonic atomizing nozzle combining the laval and hartmann structures disclosed in chinese patent CN201410553284.7, the supersonic atomizing nozzle combining the two-stage laval and hartmann structures disclosed in chinese patent CN201410553271.x, and the supersonic atomizing nozzle combining the single-stage laval and hartmann structures disclosed in chinese patent CN 201410553799.7.
In one embodiment of the invention, the high velocity compressed gas stream is selected from argon or nitrogen.
In one embodiment of the invention, the gas pressure of the high-speed compressed gas flow is 1.6-7.0MPa, and the outlet negative pressure is ensured to be 0.3-1.5kPa by adopting a tight coupling mode.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the method of sieving the aluminum-zinc alloy powder after the gas atomization is a cyclone classification sieving method.
In one embodiment of the present invention, after the aluminum zinc alloy powder is sieved, the particle size of the aluminum zinc alloy powder for 3D printing is in a range of 10-60 μm.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the powder having a particle size out of the range of 10 to 60 μm can be reused for melting by heating, thereby improving the utilization rate of the raw material. And collecting the screened powder to be used for SLM printing.
In the aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing prepared by the preparation method, the average particle size of the powder is between 20 and 40 mu m, more than 95 percent of the powder has the particle size of between 10 and 60 mu m, and the true density of the powder is between 2.70 and 2.85g/cm3In between, more than 90% of the powder particles are spherical or spheroidal, and the powder has better flowability.
The aluminum-zinc alloy powder disclosed by the invention is preferably suitable for Selective Laser Melting (SLM), and an aluminum-zinc alloy product printed on SLM printing equipment by using the aluminum-zinc alloy powder has more excellent mechanical properties compared with cast aluminum alloy and other 3D printed aluminum alloys with the same components. Meanwhile, the powder preparation technology is convenient and rapid, the production cost is low, and mass production can be realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts the supersonic atomizing nozzle which integrates laval and hartmann structures, and the atomizing technology of the invention is used for preparing the aluminum-zinc alloy powder, and has the following beneficial effects:
(1) can prepare the aluminum-zinc alloy powder with more excellent and stable performance. The obtained aluminum zinc powder has high purity and uniform components, and basically contains no other impurities except the contained components. The shape of the powder particles can be better controlled, more than 90 percent of the powder particles are spherical or spheroidal, and the powder has better fluidity. The average particle size of the powder is between 20 and 40 mu m, more than 95 percent of the powder particle size is within 10 to 60 mu m, and finer powder particles can be obtained, and the particle size distribution is narrower.
(2) Compared with mixed powder printing, the aluminum-zinc alloy powder for the SLM is produced by an atomization technology, so that the distribution of all components of the alloy is more uniform, the generation of defects such as segregation and the like in the SLM process is effectively reduced, and the preparation of a product with more excellent performance is facilitated;
(3) zr can form fine Al in the Al-Zn alloy3Zr deposition is close to deposition containing Sc, which can improve SLM performance of alloy, reduce generation of hot crack, refine microstructure of SLM product, and improve strength and ductility (existing research shows that adding Sc forms Al 3Sc，Al3Zr acts like this, Al3More than 20 interfaces of Zr and the main face-centered cubic aluminum phase are matched, and the crystal lattice mismatch and the atomic density change are less than 0.52 percent and less than 1 percent, so that ideal low-energy heterogeneous nucleation sites are provided, the supercooling critical quantity required by the growth of equiaxed grains is reduced by providing high-density low-barrier heterogeneous nucleation sites at the solidification front, the formation of fine equiaxed grain tissues is facilitated, and the generation of columnar grains which easily cause thermal cracks is reduced. Al (Al)3Zr particles are uniformly combined in the structure, the strength can be improved and the grain growth is hindered due to the pinning effect, the strength and the ductility of a printed product are improved due to the generation of fine equiaxed grains and the reduction of hot cracks), the effects of Sc and Zr in the aspect of improving the alloy performance are similar, but the price of Sc is more expensive, so that the powder cost is reduced by replacing Sc with Zr;
(4) researches show that the solid solubility of silicon in aluminum in the SLM aluminum-silicon alloy is obviously increased compared with the conventional value, the aluminum-zinc alloy powder raw material used by the invention contains higher Zn, Si, Cu and Mg elements, the SLM process has higher cooling rate, so that the solid solubility of other elements Zn, Si, Cu and Mg in the Al phase is increased, and the lattice distortion caused by the increase of the solid solubility of other elements in the Al phase is increased, thereby having stronger barrier effect on dislocation and further improving the strength and hardness of the aluminum-zinc alloy;
In addition, the Si element has small linear expansion coefficient and can improve the fluidity of alloy liquid, the melting temperature can be reduced by adding the element into the aluminum alloy, the solidification shrinkage rate of the alloy is reduced, the thermal expansion coefficient is reduced, the fluidity is improved, the crack sensitivity is favorably reduced, and the SLM processing performance of the aluminum-zinc alloy can be improved by adding a proper amount of Si for producing compact and crack-free aluminum-zinc alloy.
(5) The invention can produce the aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing in a large scale, avoid oxidation in the powder production process, and control the content of each element component in the produced powder by changing the proportion of the atomized alloy;
(6) in the whole atomization process, the waste of raw materials is less, the production efficiency is high, and the cost can be reduced by times on the premise of ensuring the performance of the aluminum-zinc alloy powder.
According to the invention, the low-cost high-performance aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing can be produced in a large scale by the VIGA (vacuum gas atomization) atomization technology of Hartmann-Laval, and meanwhile, the problems of oxidation and the like in the powder production process are avoided, so that a product with better mechanical property can be printed.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing, which comprises the following steps:
Heating and melting the aluminum-zinc alloy raw materials, and fully and uniformly mixing the raw materials;
impacting and melting the aluminum-zinc alloy flow by adopting high-speed compressed air flow, crushing the aluminum-zinc alloy flow to obtain gas atomized particles, and cooling to obtain aluminum-zinc alloy powder prepared by a gas atomization technology;
after gas atomization, screening the aluminum-zinc alloy powder to obtain the aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing within a required particle size range;
the proportion of the aluminum-zinc alloy raw materials meets the requirement of the aluminum-zinc alloy powder finally used for 3D printing: zn content of 0.50 wt% to 11.00 wt%, Si content of 0.10 wt% to 10.00 wt%, Mg content of 0.05 wt% to 4.00 wt%, Cu content of 0.01 wt% to 2.80 wt%, Zr content of 0.01 wt% to 2.50 wt%, and the balance Al. The powder has high purity and is substantially free of other impurities.
In one embodiment of the invention, the aluminum-zinc alloy raw material is heated and melted in the range of 650 ℃ to 900 ℃.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the chemical composition of the prepared aluminum-zinc alloy powder is preferably as follows: the Zn content is 2.00-8.00 wt%, the Si content is 0.50-9.00 wt%, the Mg content is 0.10-3.00 wt%, the Cu content is 0.10-2.00 wt%, the Zr content is 0.01-1.80 wt%, and the rest is Al, so that the purity is high, and the alloy basically does not contain other impurities.
In one embodiment of the invention, the high velocity compressed gas stream is used to impinge a stream of molten aluminum-zinc alloy using a supersonic atomizing nozzle incorporating a laval and hartmann configuration. The specific structure of the supersonic atomizing nozzle combining the laval and hartmann structures can refer to the supersonic atomizing nozzle combining the laval and hartmann structures disclosed in chinese patent CN201410553284.7, the supersonic atomizing nozzle combining the two-stage laval and hartmann structures disclosed in chinese patent CN201410553271.x, and the supersonic atomizing nozzle combining the single-stage laval and hartmann structures disclosed in chinese patent CN 201410553799.7.
In one embodiment of the invention, the high velocity compressed gas stream is selected from argon or nitrogen.
In one embodiment of the invention, the gas pressure of the high-speed compressed gas flow is 1.6-7.0MPa, and the outlet negative pressure is ensured to be 0.3-1.5kPa by adopting a tight coupling mode.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the method of sieving the aluminum-zinc alloy powder after the gas atomization is a cyclone classification sieving method.
In one embodiment of the present invention, after the aluminum zinc alloy powder is sieved, the particle size of the aluminum zinc alloy powder for 3D printing is in a range of 10-60 μm.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the powder having a particle size out of the range of 10 to 60 μm can be reused for melting by heating, thereby improving the utilization rate of the raw material. And collecting the screened powder to be used for SLM printing.
The aluminum zinc for 3D printing prepared by the preparation method provided by the inventionIn the alloy powder, the average particle size of the powder is between 20 and 40 mu m, more than 95 percent of the powder has the particle size of between 10 and 60 mu m, and the true density of the powder is between 2.70 and 2.85g/cm3In between, more than 90% of the powder particles are spherical or spheroidal, and the powder has better flowability.
The aluminum-zinc alloy powder disclosed by the invention is preferably suitable for Selective Laser Melting (SLM), and an aluminum-zinc alloy product printed on SLM printing equipment by using the aluminum-zinc alloy powder has more excellent mechanical properties compared with cast aluminum alloy and other 3D printed aluminum alloys with the same components. Meanwhile, the powder preparation technology is convenient and rapid, the production cost is low, and mass production can be realized.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
According to the method, alloy raw materials are respectively taken to be vacuum smelted at 860 ℃ according to the conditions that the Zn content is 6.62 wt%, the Si content is 5.80 wt%, the Mg content is 1.89 wt%, the Cu content is 1.54 wt%, the Zr content is 0.93 wt%, and the balance is Al, after heat preservation is carried out for half an hour, atomization is carried out by adopting a VIGA (vacuum gas atomization) atomization technology of Hartmann-Laval which is the same as the traditional technology, the atomization gas is high-purity argon, the gas pressure during atomization is 2.8MPa, a tight coupling mode is adopted, the negative pressure at an outlet is ensured to be 0.7kPa, and the frequency of primary resonance gas is 100 kHz. After gas atomization, powder with the particle size of 10-60 mu m is screened out in a cyclone classification mode and collected. The aluminum-zinc alloy powder with corresponding chemical composition is prepared. More than 90% of the powder particles are spherical or spheroidal, and the powder has good fluidity. The average particle size of the powder is 27.89 μm, and more than 95% of the powder has particle size of 10-60 μm. The powder has a true density of 2.78g/cm -3. The powder is printed on a Hanbang HBD-SLM100 printer, the relative density of the obtained product is more than 99.8%, the tensile strength is about 427MPa, the elongation is about 7%, after aging for 4 hours at 160 ℃, the tensile strength of a sample is increased to 512MPa, and the elongation is about 5%. The sample prepared by adopting the SLM has compact structure, and the strength and the ductility of the sample have certain advantages compared with those of common SLM aluminum alloy, so that the use requirement of the aluminum alloy under most conditions can be met, and the complicated post-treatment of the wrought aluminum alloy is reducedAnd energy and cost are saved.
In this example, the parameters of the particle size of the obtained powder are: d10 ═ 16.39 μm, D50 ═ 25.39 μm, and D90 ═ 49.78 μm.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing, which comprises the following steps:
heating and melting aluminum-zinc alloy raw materials (the mixture ratio of the aluminum-zinc alloy raw materials meets the requirements that in the aluminum-zinc alloy powder finally used for 3D printing, the Zn content is 0.50 wt%, the Si content is 10.00 wt%, the Mg content is 4.00 wt%, the Cu content is 0.01 wt%, the Zr content is 2.50 wt%, and the balance is Al) at 650 ℃, and then fully and uniformly mixing the raw materials;
impacting and melting the aluminum-zinc alloy flow by adopting high-speed compressed airflow (argon, the gas pressure is 1.6MPa, and the negative pressure at an outlet is ensured to be 0.3kPa by adopting a tight coupling mode), crushing the aluminum-zinc alloy flow to obtain gas atomized particles, and cooling to obtain aluminum-zinc alloy powder prepared by a gas atomization technology;
After gas atomization, screening the aluminum-zinc alloy powder in a cyclone grading screening mode to obtain the aluminum-zinc alloy powder with the particle size range of 10-60 mu m for 3D printing;
in this embodiment, the supersonic atomizing nozzle with a laval and hartmann structure is adopted for impacting the molten aluminum-zinc alloy flow by the high-speed compressed air flow. The specific structure of the supersonic atomizing nozzle combining the laval structure and the hartmann structure can refer to the supersonic atomizing nozzle combining the laval structure and the hartmann structure disclosed in chinese patent CN 201410553284.7.
In the embodiment, the powder with the grain diameter not within the range of 10-60 mu m can be reused for heating and melting, so that the utilization rate of raw materials is improved. And collecting the screened powder to be used for SLM printing.
In the aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing prepared by the preparation method of the embodiment, the average particle size of the powder is between 20 and 40 mu m, the particle size of more than 95 percent of the powder is between 10 and 60 mu m, and the true density of the powder is 2.70g/cm3In between, more than 90% of the powder particles are spherical or spheroidal, and the powder has better flowability.
The aluminum-zinc alloy powder is preferably suitable for Selective Laser Melting (SLM), and an aluminum-zinc alloy product printed on SLM printing equipment by using the aluminum-zinc alloy powder has more excellent mechanical properties compared with cast aluminum alloy and other 3D printed aluminum alloys with the same components. Meanwhile, the powder preparation technology is convenient and rapid, the production cost is low, and mass production can be realized.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing, which comprises the following steps:
heating and melting aluminum-zinc alloy raw materials (the mixture ratio of the aluminum-zinc alloy raw materials meets the requirements that in aluminum-zinc alloy powder finally used for 3D printing, the Zn content is 11.00 wt%, the Si content is 0.10 wt%, the Mg content is 0.05 wt%, the Cu content is 2.80 wt%, the Zr content is 2.50 wt%, and the balance is Al) at 900 ℃, and then fully and uniformly mixing the raw materials;
impacting and melting the aluminum-zinc alloy flow by adopting high-speed compressed air flow (nitrogen, the pressure of the air is 7.0MPa, and the negative pressure of an outlet is ensured to be 1.5kPa by adopting a tight coupling mode), crushing the aluminum-zinc alloy flow to obtain atomized particles, and cooling to obtain aluminum-zinc alloy powder prepared by the atomization technology;
after gas atomization, screening the aluminum-zinc alloy powder in a cyclone grading screening mode to obtain the aluminum-zinc alloy powder with the particle size range of 10-60 mu m for 3D printing;
in this embodiment, the supersonic atomizing nozzle with a laval and hartmann structure is adopted for impacting the molten aluminum-zinc alloy flow by the high-speed compressed air flow. The specific structure of the supersonic atomizing nozzle fusing the laval structure and the hartmann structure can refer to the supersonic atomizing nozzle fusing the secondary laval structure and the hartmann structure disclosed in chinese patent No. cn201410553271.
In the embodiment, the powder with the grain diameter not within the range of 10-60 mu m can be reused for heating and melting, so that the utilization rate of raw materials is improved. And collecting the screened powder to be used for SLM printing.
In the aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing prepared by the preparation method of the embodiment, the average particle size of the powder is between 20 and 40 μm, more than 95 percent of the powder has the particle size of between 10 and 60 μm,the powder has a true density of 2.85g/cm3More than 90% of the powder particles are spherical or spheroidal, and the powder has better flowability.
The aluminum-zinc alloy powder is preferably suitable for Selective Laser Melting (SLM), and an aluminum-zinc alloy product printed on SLM printing equipment by using the aluminum-zinc alloy powder has more excellent mechanical properties compared with cast aluminum alloy and other 3D printed aluminum alloys with the same components. Meanwhile, the powder preparation technology is convenient and rapid, the production cost is low, and mass production can be realized.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a preparation method of aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing, which comprises the following steps:
heating and melting aluminum-zinc alloy raw materials (the mixture ratio of the aluminum-zinc alloy raw materials meets the requirements that in the aluminum-zinc alloy powder finally used for 3D printing, the Zn content is 2.00 wt%, the Si content is 9.00 wt%, the Mg content is 0.10 wt%, the Cu content is 2.00 wt%, the Zr content is 0.01 wt%, and the balance is Al) at 750 ℃, and then fully and uniformly mixing the raw materials;
Impacting and melting the aluminum-zinc alloy flow by adopting high-speed compressed airflow (argon or nitrogen, the gas pressure is 3.0MPa, and the negative pressure at an outlet is ensured to be 0.8kPa by adopting a tight coupling mode), crushing the aluminum-zinc alloy flow to obtain gas atomized particles, and cooling to obtain aluminum-zinc alloy powder prepared by a gas atomization technology;
after gas atomization, screening the aluminum-zinc alloy powder in a cyclone grading screening mode to obtain the aluminum-zinc alloy powder with the particle size range of 10-60 mu m for 3D printing;
in this embodiment, the supersonic atomizing nozzle with a laval and hartmann structure is adopted for impacting the molten aluminum-zinc alloy flow by the high-speed compressed air flow. The specific structure of the supersonic atomizing nozzle combining the laval structure and the hartmann structure can refer to the supersonic atomizing nozzle combining the laval structure and the hartmann structure in a single stage disclosed in chinese patent CN 201410553799.7.
In the embodiment, the powder with the grain diameter not within the range of 10-60 mu m can be reused for heating and melting, so that the utilization rate of raw materials is improved. And collecting the screened powder to be used for SLM printing.
This exampleIn the aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing prepared by the preparation method, the average particle size of the powder is between 20 and 40 mu m, more than 95 percent of the powder has the particle size of between 10 and 60 mu m, and the true density of the powder is 2.75g/cm 3More than 90% of the powder particles are spherical or spheroidal, and the powder has better flowability.
The aluminum-zinc alloy powder is preferably suitable for Selective Laser Melting (SLM), and an aluminum-zinc alloy product printed on SLM printing equipment by using the aluminum-zinc alloy powder has more excellent mechanical properties compared with cast aluminum alloy and other 3D printed aluminum alloys with the same components. Meanwhile, the powder preparation technology is convenient and rapid, the production cost is low, and mass production can be realized.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a preparation method of aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing, which comprises the following steps:
heating and melting aluminum-zinc alloy raw materials (the mixture ratio of the aluminum-zinc alloy raw materials meets the requirements that in aluminum-zinc alloy powder finally used for 3D printing, the Zn content is 8.00 wt%, the Si content is 0.50 wt%, the Mg content is 3.00 wt%, the Cu content is 0.10 wt%, the Zr content is 1.80 wt%, and the balance is Al) at 850 ℃, and then fully and uniformly mixing the raw materials;
impacting and melting the aluminum-zinc alloy flow by adopting high-speed compressed airflow (argon or nitrogen, the gas pressure is 5.0MPa, and the negative pressure at an outlet is ensured to be 1.0kPa by adopting a tight coupling mode), crushing the aluminum-zinc alloy flow to obtain gas atomized particles, and cooling to obtain aluminum-zinc alloy powder prepared by a gas atomization technology;
After gas atomization, screening the aluminum-zinc alloy powder in a cyclone grading screening mode to obtain the aluminum-zinc alloy powder with the particle size range of 10-60 mu m for 3D printing;
in this embodiment, the supersonic atomizing nozzle with a laval and hartmann structure is adopted for impacting the molten aluminum-zinc alloy flow by the high-speed compressed air flow. The specific structure of the supersonic atomizing nozzle combining the laval structure and the hartmann structure can refer to the supersonic atomizing nozzle combining the laval structure and the hartmann structure disclosed in chinese patent CN 201410553284.7.
In the embodiment, the powder with the grain diameter not within the range of 10-60 mu m can be reused for heating and melting, so that the utilization rate of raw materials is improved. And collecting the screened powder to be used for SLM printing.
In the aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing prepared by the preparation method of the embodiment, the average particle size of the powder is between 20 and 40 mu m, the particle size of more than 95 percent of the powder is between 10 and 60 mu m, and the true density of the powder is 2.85g/cm3More than 90% of the powder particles are spherical or spheroidal, and the powder has better flowability.
The aluminum-zinc alloy powder is preferably suitable for Selective Laser Melting (SLM), and an aluminum-zinc alloy product printed on SLM printing equipment by using the aluminum-zinc alloy powder has more excellent mechanical properties compared with cast aluminum alloy and other 3D printed aluminum alloys with the same components. Meanwhile, the powder preparation technology is convenient and rapid, the production cost is low, and mass production can be realized.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
heating and melting the aluminum-zinc alloy raw materials, and fully and uniformly mixing the raw materials;
impacting and melting the aluminum-zinc alloy flow by adopting high-speed compressed air flow, crushing the aluminum-zinc alloy flow to obtain gas atomized particles, and cooling to obtain aluminum-zinc alloy powder prepared by a gas atomization technology;
after gas atomization, screening the aluminum-zinc alloy powder to obtain the aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing within a required particle size range;
the proportion of the aluminum-zinc alloy raw materials meets the requirement of the aluminum-zinc alloy powder finally used for 3D printing: zn content of 0.50 wt% to 11.00 wt%, Si content of 0.10 wt% to 10.00 wt%, Mg content of 0.05 wt% to 4.00 wt%, Cu content of 0.01 wt% to 2.80 wt%, Zr content of 0.01 wt% to 2.50 wt%, and the balance Al.
2. The method for preparing aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum-zinc alloy raw material is melted by heating in the range of 650 ℃ to 900 ℃.
3. The method for preparing aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein the chemical composition of the prepared aluminum-zinc alloy powder is as follows: zn content of 2.00-8.00 wt%, Si content of 0.50-9.00 wt%, Mg content of 0.10-3.00 wt%, Cu content of 0.10-2.00 wt%, Zr content of 0.01-1.80 wt%, and the balance Al.
4. The method for preparing aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein the molten aluminum-zinc alloy flow is impacted by high-speed compressed air flow by using a supersonic atomizing nozzle of a fusion laval and hartmann structure.
5. The method of preparing an aluminum zinc alloy powder for 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein the high velocity compressed gas flow is selected from argon or nitrogen.
6. The method for preparing the aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein the gas pressure of the high-speed compressed gas flow is 1.6-7.0MPa, and the outlet negative pressure is ensured to be 0.3-1.5kPa by adopting a tight coupling mode.
7. The method for preparing aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein the method for screening the aluminum-zinc alloy powder after the atomization is a cyclone classification screening method.
8. The method for preparing aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing has a particle size in the range of 10 to 60 μm after being sieved.
9. The aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing according to claim 9, wherein the aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing has an average particle size of 20-40 μm, a particle size of 10-60 μm for more than 95% of the powder, and a true powder density of 2.70-2.85g/cm3In between, more than 90% of the powder particles are spherical or spheroidal.
CN202010614968.9A 2020-06-30 2020-06-30 Aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing and preparation method thereof Pending CN111842913A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010614968.9A CN111842913A (en) 2020-06-30 2020-06-30 Aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing and preparation method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010614968.9A CN111842913A (en) 2020-06-30 2020-06-30 Aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing and preparation method thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN111842913A true CN111842913A (en) 2020-10-30

Family

ID=72989107

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202010614968.9A Pending CN111842913A (en) 2020-06-30 2020-06-30 Aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing and preparation method thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN111842913A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114703409A (en) * 2022-06-06 2022-07-05 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 High-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy and casting method thereof

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04325648A (en) * 1991-04-25 1992-11-16 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Production of sintered aluminum alloy
CN107502795A (en) * 2017-08-31 2017-12-22 西安铂力特增材技术股份有限公司 High strength alumin ium alloy metal powder material for increasing material manufacturing and preparation method thereof
CN108330344A (en) * 2018-03-20 2018-07-27 中南大学 A kind of 3D printing 7xxx aluminium alloys and preparation method thereof
US20180245190A1 (en) * 2015-09-03 2018-08-30 Questek Innovations Llc Aluminum alloys
CN109280820A (en) * 2018-10-26 2019-01-29 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 It is a kind of for the high-strength aluminum alloy of increasing material manufacturing and its preparation method of powder
US20190194781A1 (en) * 2017-12-26 2019-06-27 Thales Aluminum alloy powder for additive manufacturing, and method for manufacturing a piece by manufacturing from this powder

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04325648A (en) * 1991-04-25 1992-11-16 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Production of sintered aluminum alloy
US20180245190A1 (en) * 2015-09-03 2018-08-30 Questek Innovations Llc Aluminum alloys
CN107502795A (en) * 2017-08-31 2017-12-22 西安铂力特增材技术股份有限公司 High strength alumin ium alloy metal powder material for increasing material manufacturing and preparation method thereof
US20190194781A1 (en) * 2017-12-26 2019-06-27 Thales Aluminum alloy powder for additive manufacturing, and method for manufacturing a piece by manufacturing from this powder
CN108330344A (en) * 2018-03-20 2018-07-27 中南大学 A kind of 3D printing 7xxx aluminium alloys and preparation method thereof
CN109280820A (en) * 2018-10-26 2019-01-29 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 It is a kind of for the high-strength aluminum alloy of increasing material manufacturing and its preparation method of powder

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
唐代明等: "《金属材料学》", 30 June 2014 *
宗学文等: "《光固化3D打印复杂零件快速铸造技术》", 31 January 2019, 武汉：华中科技大学出版社 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114703409A (en) * 2022-06-06 2022-07-05 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 High-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy and casting method thereof

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20220062992A1 (en) Nickel-based superalloy for 3d printing and powder preparation method thereof
CN111659882A (en) Aluminum magnesium alloy powder for 3D printing and preparation method thereof
CN108330344B (en) 3D printing 7xxx aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof
CN111872404A (en) Aluminum-copper alloy powder for 3D printing and preparation method thereof
CN111872386B (en) 3D printing process method of high-strength aluminum-magnesium alloy
CN111659889A (en) 3D printing process method of high-strength aluminum-manganese alloy
CN111842916A (en) Aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloy powder for 3D printing and preparation method thereof
CN108796314B (en) Preparation method of aluminum-silicon alloy for electronic packaging
CN110791686A (en) Aluminum alloy powder material for additive manufacturing, and preparation method and application thereof
CN106623959A (en) Preparation method of Waspalloy spherical powder for additive manufacturing
CN111593234A (en) Aluminum alloy material for laser additive manufacturing
WO2023019697A1 (en) High-strength aluminum alloy powder for 3d printing and preparation method for high-strength aluminum alloy powder
CN111673085A (en) 3D printing process method of high-strength aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloy
CN102168214A (en) Preparation method for light high-strength and high-tenacity aluminum-matrix composite material
US20230175102A1 (en) Rare earth aluminum alloy powder applicable for additive manufacturing and preparation method thereof
CN109513943A (en) A kind of 3D printing Al alloy powder and preparation method through nano-ceramic particle modification
CN111850332A (en) 3D printing process method of high-strength aluminum-zinc alloy
CN111842915A (en) Aluminum-manganese alloy powder for 3D printing and preparation method thereof
CN115261686B (en) 3D printing aluminum-magnesium alloy powder and preparation method and application thereof
CN112048647A (en) Al-Si-Mg-Sc-Zr aluminum alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing
CN114574739B (en) 3D printing aluminum-lithium alloy and application thereof
CN111842913A (en) Aluminum-zinc alloy powder for 3D printing and preparation method thereof
CN111531172B (en) 3D printing process method of high-strength aluminum-silicon alloy
CN112570706A (en) Aluminum alloy powder, preparation method and application of aluminum alloy powder in laser additive manufacturing
CN111842914A (en) 3D printing process method of high-strength aluminum-copper alloy

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20201030