CN111817580A - Dc链路电容器冷却*** - Google Patents
Dc链路电容器冷却*** Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G2/00—Details of capacitors not covered by a single one of groups H01G4/00-H01G11/00
- H01G2/08—Cooling arrangements; Heating arrangements; Ventilating arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/002—Details
- H01G4/228—Terminals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/32—Wound capacitors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/38—Multiple capacitors, i.e. structural combinations of fixed capacitors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/40—Structural combinations of fixed capacitors with other electric elements, the structure mainly consisting of a capacitor, e.g. RC combinations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2089—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for power electronics, e.g. for inverters for controlling motor
- H05K7/20909—Forced ventilation, e.g. on heat dissipaters coupled to components
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2089—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for power electronics, e.g. for inverters for controlling motor
- H05K7/20927—Liquid coolant without phase change
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G2/00—Details of capacitors not covered by a single one of groups H01G4/00-H01G11/00
- H01G2/02—Mountings
- H01G2/04—Mountings specially adapted for mounting on a chassis
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G2/00—Details of capacitors not covered by a single one of groups H01G4/00-H01G11/00
- H01G2/02—Mountings
- H01G2/06—Mountings specially adapted for mounting on a printed-circuit support
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
- Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
一种DC链路电容器冷却***,其具有横跨DC链路电容器的底表面布置的集成散热器,其中介电热界面材料覆盖该集成散热器,以及与该介电热界面材料接触的底盘,其中底盘在其中具有有源流体冷却剂区域。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于电动车辆的DC链路电容器。
背景技术
DC链路电容器由电容器绕组组成并且具有放置在外壳(通常由塑料制成)内的正极导体和负极导体。将电介质树脂(dielectric resin)倒入外壳中,以使电容器具有刚性,并保护电容器内部免受短路影响。
电动车辆在车辆的电力逆变器模块(PIM)中使用DC链路电容器。DC链路电容器用于防止纹波电流流回电源,并消除DC总线电压变化。DC链路电容器也可用于保护车辆电气***中的半导体。
使用具有长寿命的电容器是有利的。因此,当在车辆的电力逆变器模块(PIM)中使用电容器作为DC链路时,电力薄膜电容器比电解电容器更可取。这是由于电力薄膜电容器的使用寿命更长。DC链路电力薄膜电容器的寿命基本上是工作电压/额定电压与电容器绕组内最大热点的比率的函数。这样,如果将热点温度控制在介电材料的边界内,则可以维持电容器的长寿命。因此,期望减少和控制热点,从而以维持长寿命的方式操作电容器。为了适当地控制热点,因此特别需要用于冷却电容器的***。
发明内容
本***提供了用于DC链路电容器的冷却***,例如用于电动车辆的电力逆变器模块(PIM)的DC链路电容器。
在一个优选的方面,本***将散热器集成到DC链路电容器,并将热量从电容器传递到有源冷却剂(活性冷却剂,active coolant)(流体通道)区域中。通过提供这种热耦合,可以将热点保持在电容器中的介电材料的工作边界以下,而无需使用较大的电容或更高额定电压的电容器。
在优选方面,本***将散热器直接添加到电容器的底部。例如,该散热器优选地简单地代替典型的电容器外壳的底侧。另外,介电热界面材料位于***中的各个位置,其可以包括:在母线之间、在母线和散热器之间以及在散热器和底盘(即:电子设备壳体)之间。在操作中,热量通过底盘从电容器消散,并进入有源流动冷却剂,该冷却剂通过底盘的冷却区域。
本***的优点包括散热器,该散热器允许从电容器散发欧姆热,从而与传统的DC链路电容器相比,允许电容器在更高的操作温度下工作。此外,可以将热点保持在介电材料的工作边界以下,而无需使用较大的电压电容器或更高额定电压的薄膜电容器。
附图说明
图1是现有技术的DC链路电容器的侧视截面图。
图2是图1的现有技术DC链路电容器的俯视图。
图3是本发明的DC链路电容器的侧视截面图,其位于集成散热器的顶部,其中介电热界面材料位于底盘的顶部,其中有源流体冷却区域遍及底盘。
图4是图3的电容器的俯视图,其示出了冷却剂流动路径。
具体实施方式
图1和图2示出了现有技术的DC链路电容器1,如下所述。电容器1包括电容器绕组9(图2),该电容器绕组9与绕组的阴极端上的正母线4(图1)并联设置,并且与电容器的阳极端上的负母线6(图1)并联设置。正母线4和负母线6被电介质层5隔开。可以看出,所有这些部件被容纳在其中具有电介质树脂3的外壳或壳体2内。在操作中,电容器1可以是电动车辆的电力逆变器模块(PIM)的一部分,其定位在通常称为底盘的电子设备外壳内。
不幸的是,图1和图2的现有技术设计难以从底盘消散热量。具体地,难以从电容器绕组9以及从正母线4和负母线6消散热量。高热阻(主要是由于电容器壳体2中缺乏导热材料造成的)可能导致电容器的次优寿命性能。
图3示出了本申请的优选的电容器冷却***,如下所述。如将显示的那样,本冷却***增强了从电容器绕组的热传递,该热传递通过母线4和6,然后进入流体区域19,使得热量可以有效地从电力逆变器模块(PIM)消散。
首先,移除标准电容器壳体(图1中的2)的塑料底部,并由导热散热器14代替。导热散热器14可以可选地由铝或铜或其他合适的材料制成。然后优选地使用介电材料18来将母线连接端子13彼此分开,以将负母线13与散热器14分开,以及将散热器14与底盘15分开。底盘15优选地在其中具有有源流体冷却剂区域19。可以看出,有源流体冷却剂区域19优选地位于电容器1的正下方。这样,通过区域19的冷却剂流用来冷却电容器1。此外,电容器1的冷却可以在冷却***绝缘栅双极晶体管(IGBT)模块之前完成。
本***的优点在于,它降低了热阻,并增加了从电容器绕组通过底盘的热导率。结果,***可以在更高的操作温度下运行。这增加了电容器的预期寿命。
最后,图4示出了叠加在电容器上的冷却剂流的路径(即:流经区域19的流体的路径)。注意:电容器位于冷却剂流上方,图4仅示出了冷却剂流在电容器下方通过的路径。可以看出,冷却剂流动路径优选地沿着电容器的主要长度来回往复以提供有效的冷却。
Claims (12)
1.一种电容器冷却***,包括:
DC链路电容器;
在所述DC链路电容器下方延伸的正母线和负母线;
横跨所述DC链路电容器的底表面布置的集成散热器,其中所述正母线和所述负母线被定位成邻近所述集成散热器;和
与介电热界面材料接触的底盘,其中所述底盘在其中具有有源流体冷却剂区域。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电容器冷却***,还包括:
在所述正母线和所述负母线之间的介电材料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电容器冷却***,还包括:
在所述母线和所述散热器之间的介电材料。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电容器冷却***,还包括:
在所述散热器和所述底盘之间的介电材料。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电容器冷却***,其中,所述电容器是电力薄膜电容器。
6.根据权利要求1所述的电容器冷却***,其中,所述电容器的所述集成散热器包括所述DC链路电容器的正极导体和负极导体。
7.根据权利要求1所述的电容器冷却***,其中,所述电容器包括用电介质树脂密封到外壳中的正极导体和负极导体。
8.根据权利要求1所述的电容器冷却***,其中,所述介电热界面材料覆盖所述集成散热器的所述正极导体和所述负极导体。
9.根据权利要求1所述的电容器冷却***,其中,所述DC链路电容器用于电动车辆的电力逆变器模块中。
10.根据权利要求1所述的电容器冷却***,其中,所述有源流体冷却剂区域具有穿过其中的流体。
11.根据权利要求10所述的电容器冷却***,其中,所述有源流体冷却剂沿着所述电容器的主要长度通过流动路径。
12.根据权利要求1所述的电容器冷却***,其中,所述集成散热器由铝或铜制成。
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US16/382,601 | 2019-04-12 | ||
US16/382,601 US11282640B2 (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2019-04-12 | DC link capacitor cooling system |
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WO2018170872A1 (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-09-27 | Valeo Siemens Eautomotive Shenzhen Co., Ltd | A capacitor module for use in an inverter |
JP6867432B2 (ja) * | 2019-05-09 | 2021-04-28 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
US20210319933A1 (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2021-10-14 | Dana Tm4 Inc. | System and method for dielectric coated busbars |
FR3116374A1 (fr) * | 2020-11-18 | 2022-05-20 | Valeo Siemens Eautomotive France Sas | Module capacitif comprenant un dispositif de refroidissement |
US11785737B2 (en) | 2022-01-20 | 2023-10-10 | Borg Warner Luxembourg Automotive Systems SA | Systems and methods for cooling electronic components of a vehicle |
US11943903B2 (en) | 2022-01-20 | 2024-03-26 | Borgwarner Luxembourg Automotive Systems Sa | Systems and methods for cooling electronic components of a vehicle |
US11950398B2 (en) | 2022-01-20 | 2024-04-02 | Borgwarner Luxembourg Automotive Systems Sa | Systems and methods for cooling electronic components of a vehicle |
DE102022201333A1 (de) | 2022-02-09 | 2023-08-10 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Zwischenkreiskondensator mit einer optimierten Wärmeabfuhr, Stromrichter mit einem solchen Zwischenkreiskondensator |
DE102022108334A1 (de) * | 2022-04-06 | 2023-10-12 | Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH | Stromschiene mit aufnahme für eine kühlung |
DE102022108335A1 (de) * | 2022-04-06 | 2023-10-12 | Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH | Stromschiene mit aktiver kühlung |
DE102022133265A1 (de) | 2022-12-14 | 2024-06-20 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Leistungselektronikanordnung für eine elektrische Maschine und Kraftfahrzeug |
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CN104143926A (zh) * | 2013-05-09 | 2014-11-12 | 福特全球技术公司 | 用于逆变器直流母线电容器包装的集成电和热解决方案 |
CN108352586A (zh) * | 2016-02-17 | 2018-07-31 | 宝马股份公司 | 具有冷却元件的电池模块 |
US20170346143A1 (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2017-11-30 | Lisa Draexlmaier Gmbh | Cooling device and process |
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US20200328026A1 (en) | 2020-10-15 |
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US11282640B2 (en) | 2022-03-22 |
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