CN111807902A - Method for producing organic fertilizer by field treatment of dragon fruit pruning branches - Google Patents
Method for producing organic fertilizer by field treatment of dragon fruit pruning branches Download PDFInfo
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- CN111807902A CN111807902A CN202010673937.0A CN202010673937A CN111807902A CN 111807902 A CN111807902 A CN 111807902A CN 202010673937 A CN202010673937 A CN 202010673937A CN 111807902 A CN111807902 A CN 111807902A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing an organic fertilizer by treating pitaya pruning branches in a field, which comprises the following steps: (1) inoculating high-temperature fiber bacteria on a slant culture medium, and culturing to obtain a first-level strain; inoculating the first-level strain to a liquid culture medium, and culturing to obtain a second-level strain liquid; (2) taking and crushing pruned branches of the dragon fruits, and then mixing and stacking the crushed pruned branches of the dragon fruits, water, secondary strain liquid and urea to obtain a zymophyte agent; (3) and taking another pruned branch of the dragon fruit, spreading a zymophyte agent, urea and gypsum in the pruned branch, and stacking until the pruned branch of the dragon fruit becomes black brown chips, namely the organic fertilizer. The method for producing the organic fertilizer by treating the dragon fruit pruned branches in the field provides a new solution for in-situ treatment and resource recycling of the dragon fruit pruned branches in the field, has the characteristics of simplicity and convenience in operation, low price, practicability and the like, is favorable for recycling of organic matters and nutrients, realizes healthy and sustainable development of agricultural production, and is suitable for popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a method for producing an organic fertilizer by treating pitaya pruning branches in a field.
Background
The pitaya is a perennial plant, old branches need to be pruned after the production season of each year, redundant nutrient branches need to be pruned in the flowering and fruiting period, the pruned branches are left in the field, a large number of pathogenic bacteria can be bred in the natural decay process of the pruned branches, foul smell and waste water are generated to pollute air and water, the bred pathogenic bacteria can also harm the growth of crops, and a large number of organic matters including cellulose, lignin, protein and the like and rich nutrients such as potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and the like contained in the pruned branches are wasted. In addition, the dragon fruits are planted in mountainous areas in many ways and are difficult to transport, and carrying the pruned branches together for harmless treatment can generate high labor and transportation cost, so that the dragon fruits cannot be delivered. Therefore, a technology for carrying out in-situ treatment and resource utilization on field pitaya pruning branches is urgently needed to solve the problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for producing an organic fertilizer by carrying out field innocent treatment on dragon fruit pruning branches, the method is suitable for carrying out field in-situ treatment on the dragon fruit pruning branches, and the produced organic fertilizer is applied to soil to realize cyclic utilization of nutrients. Has the characteristics of simple and convenient operation, low price, practicality and the like, is beneficial to the recycling of organic matters and nutrients, and realizes the healthy and sustainable development of agricultural production.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for producing an organic fertilizer by treating pitaya pruning branches in a field comprises the following steps:
(1) inoculating high temperature fiber bacteria on a slant culture medium, and performing dark culture at 45 + -1 deg.C for 4-6 days to obtain first-class strain; inoculating the first-class strain in liquid culture medium, performing shake culture at 28 + -1 deg.C and 180r/min for 3-5 days to obtain viable count greater than 109One/ml of secondary strain liquid; the slant culture medium is preferably prepared as followsThe preparation method comprises the following steps: adding 0.1-0.3 weight part of beef extract, 0.7-0.9 weight part of agar, 0.2-0.4 weight part of sodium chloride and 0.4-0.6 weight part of filter paper powder into 500 weight parts of sterile water, shaking uniformly, adjusting pH to 7.0, sterilizing at 121 ℃ and 0.15MPa for 30min, placing 5mL of the mixture into a test tube, and obliquely placing the test tube for cooling; the liquid culture medium is preferably prepared by the following method: adding 0.2-0.4 weight part of beef extract, 0.4-0.6 weight part of sodium chloride and 9-11 weight parts of filter paper powder into 1000 weight parts of sterile water, shaking, adjusting pH to 7.0, and sterilizing at 121 deg.C and 0.15MPa for 30 min.
(2) Taking and pruning the dragon fruit branches, crushing the branches, preferably 4-6mm, then mixing the crushed dragon fruit branches, water, secondary strain liquid and urea according to the mass ratio of 90-110: 70: 1: 1.5, covering the surfaces of the mixed materials with a transparent plastic film, turning over once every 4 days, and obtaining a zymogen agent after 25-30 days;
(3) and (2) taking another pruned branch of the dragon fruit, and spreading a zymophyte agent, urea and gypsum in the pruned branch of the dragon fruit, wherein the mass ratio of the pruned branch of the dragon fruit to the zymophyte agent to the urea to the gypsum is preferably 90-110:1:1: 1. As an implementation mode, the dragon fruit pruning branches can be piled into a trapezoid stack with the bottom side width of 1.8-3.0m, the upper side width of 0.8-1.0m and the height of 1.2-1.5m, the same amount of fermentation fungicide, urea and gypsum are spread every 30-40cm of thickness, then a transparent plastic film is covered on the top of the trapezoid stack, the stack is carried out after the completion, and the dragon fruit pruning branches become black brown chips after 50-60 days, namely the organic fertilizer.
The fermentation bacteria adopted by the invention are key raw materials, wherein high-temperature fiber bacteria can still normally grow under the condition of 70-75 ℃, and the high fermentation temperature can kill most pathogenic microorganisms, so that the composting quality is ensured, the composting process is accelerated, and the effect of the invention cannot be achieved if the high-temperature fiber bacteria are replaced by other fiber bacteria.
The added urea is mainly used for adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the fermented materials, meeting the balanced requirements of microbial propagation on carbon and nitrogen nutrition and improving the nitrogen content of the compost.
The effect of the invention covering the transparent plastic film is that on one hand, the influence of external adverse environmental conditions can be reduced, on the other hand, the temperature of the material can be kept, and waterlogging caused by rainfall is avoided.
The gypsum added in the invention has the effect that in the composting process, the decomposition of organic substances and the hydrolysis of urea respectively generate carbon dioxide and ammonia gas, and the carbon dioxide and the ammonia gas react with the gypsum to respectively generate calcium carbonate and ammonium sulfate, thereby reducing the loss of nitrogen, stabilizing the pH value of materials and effectively ensuring the composting process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for producing the organic fertilizer by treating the dragon fruit pruned branches in the field provides a new solution for in-situ treatment and resource recycling of the dragon fruit pruned branches in the field, has the characteristics of easiness in operation, economy and practicability, and accords with the agricultural development trend of sustainable development according to local conditions. The organic fertilizer prepared by the method contains rich organic matters, potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus and humic acid, and can improve soil when applied to soil, provide various nutrients for crop growth, and promote agricultural production and income increase.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention. In the following examples, the thermophilic fiber bacterium is deposited in the laboratory of microorganisms of resource environmental institute of southwest university, with the number: clostridium thermocellum CQ 2016.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for producing an organic fertilizer by treating pitaya pruning branches in a field, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adding 0.1 weight part of beef extract, 0.7 weight part of agar, 0.2 weight part of sodium chloride and 0.4 weight part of filter paper powder into 500 weight parts of sterile water, shaking up, adjusting the pH to 7.0, sterilizing at 121 ℃ and 0.15MPa for 30min, placing 5mL of the mixture into a test tube, and obliquely placing the test tube for cooling to obtain a slant culture medium; inoculating high-temperature fiber bacteria on a slant culture medium, and performing dark culture at 45 ℃ for 4 days to obtain a first-level strain;
adding 0.2 weight part of beef extract, 0.4 weight part of sodium chloride and 9 weight parts of filter paper powder into 1000 weight parts of sterile water, shaking up, adjusting pH to 7.0, and sterilizing at 121 ℃ and 0.15MPa for 30min to obtain a liquid culture medium; inoculating the first-stage strain to liquid culture medium, performing shake culture at 28 deg.C and 120r/min for 3 days to obtain viable bacteria with number greater than 109One/ml of secondary strain liquid;
(2) taking and pruning the dragon fruit, crushing the dragon fruit into 5mm, then mixing the crushed dragon fruit pruned branches, water, secondary strain liquid and urea according to the mass ratio of 90: 70: 1: 1.5, covering the surface of the mixed material with a transparent plastic film, turning over once every 4 days, and obtaining a fermentation microbial inoculum after 28 days;
(3) pruning another dragon fruit, stacking into a trapezoidal strip pile with the bottom side width of 2.0m, the upper side width of 0.8m and the height of 1.2m, spreading 0.5kg of zymophyte agent, 0.5kg of urea and 0.5kg of gypsum (the thickness of the trapezoidal strip pile is 100:1:1:1) every 30cm, then covering the top of the trapezoidal strip pile with a transparent plastic film, stacking for fermentation, and after 60 days, pruning the dragon fruit to become black brown chips, namely the organic fertilizer. The physical and chemical indexes and the nutrient content detection results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| pH | Moisture content | Organic matter | N | P | K | Humic acid |
| 7.32±0.26 | 28.61±2.57 | 63.14±2.31 | 1.51±0.33 | 0.49±0.11 | 2.87±0.16 | 6.17±0.35 |
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for producing an organic fertilizer by treating pitaya pruning branches in a field, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adding 0.3 weight part of beef extract, 0.9 weight part of agar, 0.4 weight part of sodium chloride and 0.6 weight part of filter paper powder into 500 weight parts of sterile water, shaking up, adjusting the pH to 7.0, sterilizing at 121 ℃ and 0.15MPa for 30min, placing 5mL of the mixture into a test tube, and obliquely placing the test tube for cooling to obtain a slant culture medium; inoculating high-temperature fiber bacteria on a slant culture medium, and performing dark culture at 45 ℃ for 6 days to obtain a first-level strain;
adding 0.4 weight part of beef extract, 0.6 weight part of sodium chloride and 11 weight parts of filter paper powder into 1000 weight parts of sterile water, shaking up, adjusting pH to 7.0, and sterilizing at 121 ℃ and 0.15MPa for 30min to obtain a liquid culture medium; inoculating the first-stage strain to liquid culture medium, performing shake culture at 28 deg.C and 180r/min for 5 days to obtain viable bacteria with number greater than 109One/ml of secondary strain liquid;
(2) taking and pruning the dragon fruit, crushing the dragon fruit into 5mm, then mixing the crushed dragon fruit pruned branches, water, secondary strain liquid and urea according to the mass ratio of 110: 70: 1: 1.5, covering the surface of the mixed material with a transparent plastic film, turning over once every 4 days, and obtaining a fermentation microbial inoculum after 25 days;
(3) pruning another dragon fruit, stacking into a trapezoidal strip pile with the bottom side width of 1.8m, the upper side width of 0.8m and the height of 1.2m, spreading 0.5kg of zymophyte agent, 0.5kg of urea and 0.5kg of gypsum (the thickness of the trapezoidal strip pile is that the zymophyte agent is urea and the gypsum is 90:1:1:1), then covering the top of the trapezoidal strip pile with a transparent plastic film, stacking for fermentation, and after 50 days, pruning the dragon fruit to become black brown chips, namely the organic fertilizer. The physical and chemical indexes and the nutrient content detection results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
| pH | Moisture content | Organic matter | N | P | K | Humic acid |
| 7.16±0.21 | 27.34±2.35 | 61.08±2.16 | 1.38±0.24 | 0.33±0.15 | 2.59±0.23 | 6.05±0.32 |
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for producing an organic fertilizer by treating pitaya pruning branches in a field, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adding 0.2 weight part of beef extract, 0.8 weight part of agar, 0.3 weight part of sodium chloride and 0.5 weight part of filter paper powder into 500 weight parts of sterile water, shaking up, adjusting the pH to 7.0, sterilizing at 121 ℃ and 0.15MPa for 30min, placing 5mL of the mixture into a test tube, and obliquely placing the test tube for cooling to obtain a slant culture medium; inoculating high-temperature fiber bacteria on a slant culture medium, and performing dark culture at 45 ℃ for 5 days to obtain a first-level strain;
adding 0.3 weight part of beef extract, 0.5 weight part of sodium chloride and 10 weight parts of filter paper powder into 1000 weight parts of sterile water, shaking up, adjusting pH to 7.0, and sterilizing at 121 ℃ and 0.15MPa for 30min to obtain a liquid culture medium; inoculating the first-stage strain in liquid culture medium, performing shake culture at 28 deg.C and 150r/min for 4 days to obtain viable bacteria with number greater than 109One/ml of secondary strain liquid;
(2) taking and pruning the dragon fruit, crushing the dragon fruit into 5mm, then mixing the crushed dragon fruit pruned branches, water, secondary strain liquid and urea according to the mass ratio of 100: 70: 1: 1.5, covering the surface of the mixed material with a transparent plastic film, turning over once every 4 days, and obtaining a fermentation microbial inoculum after 30 days;
(3) and (3) piling trimmed branches of the dragon fruits into a trapezoidal strip pile with the bottom side width of 3.0m, the upper side width of 1.0m and the height of 1.5m, spreading 0.5kg of fermentation bacteria agent, 0.5kg of urea and 0.5kg of gypsum (the thickness of the trapezoidal strip pile is that the fermentation bacteria agent is urea and the gypsum is 110:1:1:1) every 40cm, covering the uppermost surface of the trapezoidal strip pile with a transparent plastic film, piling for fermentation, and changing the trimmed branches of the dragon fruits into black brown scraps after 55 days to obtain the organic fertilizer. The physical and chemical indexes and the nutrient content detection results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
| pH | Moisture content | Organic matter | N | P | K | Humic acid |
| 7.24±0.33 | 28.23±2.46 | 62.27±2.31 | 1.43±0.28 | 0.41±0.08 | 2.72±0.19 | 6.11±0.26 |
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for producing an organic fertilizer by treating pitaya pruning branches in a field is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) inoculating high-temperature fiber bacteria on a slant culture medium, and culturing to obtain a first-level strain; inoculating the first-level strain to a liquid culture medium, and culturing to obtain a second-level strain liquid;
(2) taking and crushing pruned branches of the dragon fruits, and then mixing and stacking the crushed pruned branches of the dragon fruits, water, secondary strain liquid and urea to obtain a zymophyte agent;
(3) and taking another pruned branch of the dragon fruit, spreading a zymophyte agent, urea and gypsum in the pruned branch, and stacking until the pruned branch of the dragon fruit becomes black brown chips, namely the organic fertilizer.
2. The method for producing the organic fertilizer by treating the pruned branches of the dragon fruit in the field according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the slant culture medium is prepared by the following method: adding 0.1-0.3 weight part of beef extract, 0.7-0.9 weight part of agar, 0.2-0.4 weight part of sodium chloride and 0.4-0.6 weight part of filter paper powder into 500 weight parts of sterile water, shaking uniformly, adjusting pH to 7.0, sterilizing at 121 ℃ and 0.15MPa for 30min, placing 5mL of the mixture into a test tube, and obliquely placing the test tube for cooling;
the liquid culture medium is prepared by the following method: adding 0.2-0.4 weight part of beef extract, 0.4-0.6 weight part of sodium chloride and 9-11 weight parts of filter paper powder into 1000 weight parts of sterile water, shaking, adjusting pH to 7.0, and sterilizing at 121 deg.C and 0.15MPa for 30 min.
3. The method for producing the organic fertilizer by processing the pruned branches of the dragon fruit in the field according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the culture of the primary strain is dark culture, the temperature of the dark culture is 45 +/-1 ℃, and the time of the dark culture is 4-6 days; the second-level strain liquid is cultured by shaking table, the temperature of shaking table culture is 28 +/-1 ℃, the rotating speed of shaking table culture is 120-.
4. The method for producing the organic fertilizer by treating the pruned branches of the dragon fruit in the field according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the viable count of the secondary strain liquid is more than 109One/ml.
5. The method for producing the organic fertilizer by treating the pruned branches of the dragon fruit in the field according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the mass ratio of the crushed pruned branches of the dragon fruit, the water, the secondary strain liquid and the urea is 90-110: 70: 1: 1.5.
6. The method for producing the organic fertilizer by processing the pruned branches of the dragon fruit in the field according to claim 1, wherein the step (2) further comprises the steps of covering the surface of the mixed material with a transparent plastic film and turning the pile once every 4 days after the mixing.
7. The method for producing the organic fertilizer by processing the pruned branches of the dragon fruit in the field according to claim 1, wherein the stacking is carried out for 25-30 days in the step (2).
8. The method for producing the organic fertilizer by processing the pruned branches of the dragon fruit in the field according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the mass ratio of the pruned branches of the dragon fruit to the zymophyte to the urea to the gypsum is 90-110:1:1: 1.
9. The method for producing the organic fertilizer by processing the pruned dragon fruit branches in the field according to claim 8, wherein the pruned dragon fruit branches are piled into a trapezoid stack with the bottom side width of 1.8-3.0m, the upper side width of 0.8-1.0m and the height of 1.2-1.5m, the same amount of zymophyte agent, urea and gypsum are spread every 30-40cm of thickness, and then the top of the trapezoid stack is covered with a transparent plastic film.
10. The method for producing the organic fertilizer by processing the pruned branches of the dragon fruit in the field according to claim 1, wherein the stacking is carried out for 50-60 days in the step (3).
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113229104A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-08-10 | 金华市农产品质量安全中心(金华市农业综合检验检测中心) | Tomato seedling culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN115010537A (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2022-09-06 | 广州大丘有机农产有限公司 | Fermentation treatment process of agricultural and forestry waste |
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| CN107382392A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-11-24 | 广西佳年农业有限公司 | It is a kind of to utilize dragon fruit special plant source fertilizer of dragon fruit bough and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105624062A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-01 | 西南大学 | Ageratina adenophora organic fertilizer solid microbial inoculant and preparation method thereof, and application of microbial inoculant in organic fertilizer production |
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| CN115010537A (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2022-09-06 | 广州大丘有机农产有限公司 | Fermentation treatment process of agricultural and forestry waste |
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Application publication date: 20201023 |