CN110903120A - Production method of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer taking plant straws as raw materials - Google Patents
Production method of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer taking plant straws as raw materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN110903120A CN110903120A CN201911234486.4A CN201911234486A CN110903120A CN 110903120 A CN110903120 A CN 110903120A CN 201911234486 A CN201911234486 A CN 201911234486A CN 110903120 A CN110903120 A CN 110903120A
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer by using plant straws as raw materials, which relates to the technical field of fertilizer production, solves the problem of slow release of the fertilizer efficiency of an organic fertilizer in the prior art, and has the technical key points that: the method comprises the following steps: s1, preparing raw materials; s2, culturing microorganisms; s3, retting organic fertilizer; s4, mixing materials; s5, drying; according to the invention, the raw materials are subjected to high-temperature disinsection, and the photosynthetic bacteria, the actinomycetes, the saccharomycetes and the lactobacillus strains are used for deodorization in the fermentation process, so that the influence on the environment in the retting process of the organic fertilizer is reduced, meanwhile, the inorganic fertilizer is mixed in the organic fertilizer, the quick-acting property of the organic fertilizer is increased, and the effective duration of the organic fertilizer is kept.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer production, in particular to a production method of an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer taking plant straws as raw materials.
Background
The fertilizers used by crops at present are mainly various inorganic quick-acting fertilizers, and long-term use of the fertilizers can harden soil, cause insufficient soil fertility and various nutrient imbalance, cause damage to farmland ecological environment and soil structure to different degrees, and influence the quality of agricultural products. In the field of crop planting, a large amount of crop straws can be produced every year, the quantity of the crop straws is considerable, the volume of the crop straws is large, the utilization of straw resources is more initial and original at present, the harvested crop straws become wastes piled on the field and the roadside, the wastes are exposed to the sun and rain, the crop straws are rotted and deteriorated, the land is occupied, plant diseases and insect pests are caused, the resources are wasted, and the environment is polluted.
Chinese patent publication No. CN104844289A discloses a straw fermentation organic fertilizer and a production method thereof, wherein the organic fertilizer is prepared by fermenting the following components in parts by weight: 150-200 parts of corn straw, 60-100 parts of sorghum straw, 50-80 parts of sawdust, 50-80 parts of sludge, 30-60 parts of bean cake, 3-5 parts of shrimp shell powder, 5-8 parts of fertilizer essence and 0.2-0.6 part of biological agent. The method makes full use of resources, reduces waste of corn straws and sorghum straws, prevents environmental pollution, increases income of farmers, obtains the organic fertilizer with comprehensive nutrition, can promote growth and development of crops, greatly increases crop yield, improves crop quality and prevents soil hardening. However, the fertilizer has slow release and slow effect, so the production method of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer taking plant straws as raw materials is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a production method of an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer taking plant straws as raw materials to solve the problem of slow release of the fertilizer efficiency of the organic fertilizer in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a production method of an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer taking plant straws as raw materials comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of raw materials: 100-200 parts of corn straw and 60-150 parts of soybean straw are taken according to the parts by weight and crushed into crushed materials with the size less than 1.5 cm, 30-70 parts of sawdust and 60-80 parts of bean cake are taken and uniformly mixed with the crushed materials, and the mixture is sterilized at high temperature and cooled to obtain a component A;
s2, microbial culture: taking photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, saccharomycetes and lactic acid bacteria strains, and carrying out the following steps: inoculating the culture medium into a liquid lactic acid bacteria at a ratio of 90, stirring in a fermentation tank for 25-35 min, uniformly stirring, placing into a sterilized plastic barrel, standing for 5-7 days, measuring the pH value every day in the standing process, and releasing the generated gas; sampling in the fermentation process, detecting the growth condition of the thallus and the pH value under a microscope, and obtaining a component B when the total number of viable bacteria reaches a concentration of more than 30 hundred million/ml;
s3, retting organic fertilizer: composting component A according to the specification of 2-3 m width and 1.2-1.5 m height, adding 90-150 ml of component B and 0.2-0.6 part of straw decomposing agent into 100 parts of component A in the composting process, covering a plastic film after uniformly mixing for fermentation for 20-50 days, testing the temperature of materials in the fertilizer pile every day during fermentation, turning the material pile when the temperature is raised to 40 ℃, and adding appropriate amount of water to keep the humidity at 45-65% to obtain component C
S4, mixing materials: adding plant ash and powdered rock phosphate into the component C, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a semi-finished mixed fertilizer;
s5, drying: and drying the semi-finished fertilizer to obtain the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.
As a further scheme of the invention, in S1, the soybean straw has a straw root system.
In a further aspect of the present invention, in S2, the rotation speed of the stirrer is 200 to 220 r/min.
As a further embodiment of the invention, in S3, 120 ml of component B and 0.4 part of straw-decomposing inoculant are added per 100 parts of component A.
As a further scheme of the invention, in S3, the straw-decomposing inoculant is a mixed strain comprising saturated bacillus laterosporus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, thermophilic sporotrichum, kang-type trichoderma and phanerochaete chrysosporium.
As a further scheme of the invention, the adding proportion of the plant ash and the phosphate rock powder is that 20-30 parts of the plant ash and 12-15 parts of the phosphate rock powder are added into 100 parts of the component C.
As a further proposal of the invention, in S5, the humidity of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is less than 20%.
In conclusion, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the raw materials are subjected to high-temperature disinsection, and the photosynthetic bacteria, the actinomycetes, the saccharomycetes and the lactobacillus strains are used for deodorization in the fermentation process, so that the influence on the environment in the retting process of the organic fertilizer is reduced, meanwhile, the inorganic fertilizer is mixed in the organic fertilizer, the quick-acting property of the organic fertilizer is increased, and the effective duration of the organic fertilizer is kept.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A production method of an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer taking plant straws as raw materials comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of raw materials: 100 parts of corn straw and 150 parts of soybean straw with root systems are taken according to the parts by weight and crushed into crushed materials with the size less than 1.5 cm, 30 parts of sawdust and 60 parts of bean cake are taken and mixed with the crushed materials evenly, and the mixture is cooled after high-temperature disinsection to obtain a component A;
s2, microbial culture: taking photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, saccharomycetes and lactic acid bacteria strains, and carrying out the following steps: inoculating 90 percent of the mixed solution into a liquid lactobacillus culture medium, stirring the mixed solution in a fermentation tank for 25min, controlling the rotating speed of a stirrer to be 200r/min, uniformly stirring the mixed solution, putting the mixed solution into a sterilized plastic bucket, standing the mixed solution for 7 days, measuring the pH value every day in the standing process, and releasing the generated gas; sampling in the fermentation process, detecting the growth condition of the thallus and the pH value under a microscope, and obtaining a component B when the total number of viable bacteria reaches a concentration of more than 30 hundred million/ml;
s3, retting organic fertilizer: composting the component A according to the specification of 2 m width and 1.2 m height, adding 90 ml of component B and 0.6 part of straw decomposing agent into 100 parts of component A in the composting process, uniformly mixing, covering a plastic film for fermentation for 50 days, testing the temperature of the materials in the fertilizer pile every day during fermentation, turning the material pile when the temperature is raised to 40 ℃, adding proper amount of water, and keeping the humidity at 45% to obtain a component C
S4, mixing materials: adding the plant ash and the phosphate rock powder into the component C according to the proportion that 20 parts of the plant ash and 12 parts of the phosphate rock powder are added into 100 parts of the component C, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a semi-finished mixed fertilizer;
s5, drying: drying the semi-finished fertilizer to obtain an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer;
preferably, the straw decomposition agent is a mixed strain comprising saturated bacillus laterosporus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, thermophilic sporotrichum, kang type trichoderma and phanerochaete chrysosporium;
preferably, in S5, the humidity of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is less than 20%.
Example 2
A production method of an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer taking plant straws as raw materials comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of raw materials: crushing 200 parts of corn straw and 60 parts of soybean straw with root systems into crushed materials smaller than 1.5 cm, uniformly mixing 70 parts of sawdust and 80 parts of bean cake with the crushed materials, and cooling after high-temperature disinsection to obtain a component A;
s2, microbial culture: taking photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, saccharomycetes and lactic acid bacteria strains, and carrying out the following steps: inoculating 90 percent of the mixed solution into a liquid lactobacillus culture medium, stirring the mixed solution in a fermentation tank for 35min, controlling the rotating speed of a stirrer to be 220r/min, uniformly stirring the mixed solution, putting the mixed solution into a sterilized plastic bucket, standing the mixed solution for 5 days, measuring the pH value every day in the standing process, and releasing the generated gas; sampling in the fermentation process, detecting the growth condition of the thallus and the pH value under a microscope, and obtaining a component B when the total number of viable bacteria reaches a concentration of more than 30 hundred million/ml;
s3, retting organic fertilizer: composting component A according to the specification of 3 m width and 1.5 m height, adding 150 ml of component B and 0.2 part of straw decomposing agent into 100 parts of component A in the composting process, uniformly mixing, covering a plastic film for fermentation for 20 days, testing the temperature of materials in the fertilizer pile every day during fermentation, turning the material pile when the temperature is raised to 40 ℃, adding proper amount of water, and keeping the humidity at 65% to obtain component C
S4, mixing materials: adding the plant ash and the phosphate rock powder into the component C according to the proportion that 30 parts of the plant ash and 15 parts of the phosphate rock powder are added into 100 parts of the component C, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a semi-finished mixed fertilizer;
s5, drying: drying the semi-finished fertilizer to obtain an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer;
preferably, the straw decomposition agent is a mixed strain comprising saturated bacillus laterosporus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, thermophilic sporotrichum, kang type trichoderma and phanerochaete chrysosporium;
preferably, in S5, the humidity of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is less than 20%.
Example 3
A production method of an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer taking plant straws as raw materials comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of raw materials: taking 150 parts of corn straw and 120 parts of soybean straw with root systems according to the parts by weight, crushing the corn straw and the soybean straw into crushed materials with the size less than 1.5 cm, uniformly mixing 60 parts of sawdust and 70 parts of bean cakes with the crushed materials, and cooling the mixture after high-temperature disinsection to obtain a component A;
s2, microbial culture: taking photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, saccharomycetes and lactic acid bacteria strains, and carrying out the following steps: inoculating 90 percent of the mixed solution into a liquid lactobacillus culture medium, stirring the mixed solution in a fermentation tank for 30min, controlling the rotating speed of a stirrer to be 210r/min, uniformly stirring the mixed solution, putting the mixed solution into a sterilized plastic bucket, standing the mixed solution for 6 days, measuring the pH value every day in the standing process, and releasing the generated gas; sampling in the fermentation process, detecting the growth condition of the thallus and the pH value under a microscope, and obtaining a component B when the total number of viable bacteria reaches a concentration of more than 30 hundred million/ml;
s3, retting organic fertilizer: composting component A according to the specification of 2.5 m width and 1.3 m height, adding 120 ml of component B and 0.4 part of straw decomposing agent into 100 parts of component A in the composting process, uniformly mixing, covering a plastic film for fermentation for 40 days, testing the temperature of materials in the compost pile every day during fermentation, turning the material pile when the temperature is raised to 40 ℃, adding appropriate amount of water, keeping the humidity at 50% to obtain component C
S4, mixing materials: adding the plant ash and the phosphate rock powder into the component C according to the proportion that 25 parts of the plant ash and 13 parts of the phosphate rock powder are added into 100 parts of the component C, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a semi-finished mixed fertilizer;
s5, drying: drying the semi-finished fertilizer to obtain an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer;
preferably, the straw decomposition agent is a mixed strain comprising saturated bacillus laterosporus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, thermophilic sporotrichum, kang type trichoderma and phanerochaete chrysosporium;
preferably, in S5, the humidity of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is less than 20%.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A production method of an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer taking plant straws as raw materials is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparation of raw materials: 100-200 parts of corn straw and 60-150 parts of soybean straw are taken according to the parts by weight and crushed into crushed materials with the size less than 1.5 cm, 30-70 parts of sawdust and 60-80 parts of bean cake are taken and uniformly mixed with the crushed materials, and the mixture is subjected to high-temperature disinsection and then cooled to obtain a component A;
s2, microbial culture: taking photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, saccharomycetes and lactic acid bacteria strains, and carrying out the following steps: inoculating the culture medium into a liquid lactic acid bacteria at a ratio of 90, stirring in a fermentation tank for 25-35 min, uniformly stirring, placing into a sterilized plastic barrel, standing for 5-7 days, measuring the pH value every day in the standing process, and releasing the generated gas; sampling in the fermentation process, detecting the growth condition of the thallus and the pH value under a microscope, and obtaining a component B when the total number of viable bacteria reaches a concentration of more than 30 hundred million/ml;
s3, retting organic fertilizer: composting component A according to the specification of 2-3 m width and 1.2-1.5 m height, adding 90-150 ml of component B and 0.2-0.6 part of straw decomposing agent into 100 parts of component A in the composting process, covering a plastic film after uniformly mixing for fermentation for 20-50 days, testing the temperature of materials in the fertilizer pile every day during fermentation, turning the material pile when the temperature is raised to 40 ℃, and adding appropriate amount of water to keep the humidity at 45-65% to obtain component C
S4, mixing materials: adding plant ash and powdered rock phosphate into the component C, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a semi-finished mixed fertilizer;
s5, drying: and drying the semi-finished fertilizer to obtain the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.
2. The method for producing an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer by using plant straws as raw materials according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the soybean straws have straw roots.
3. The method for producing an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer from plant straws as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S2, the rotation speed of the stirrer is 200-220 r/min.
4. The method for producing an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer using plant straws as raw materials according to claim 2, wherein 120 ml of the component B and 0.4 part of straw-decomposing inoculant are added to 100 parts of the component A in S3.
5. The method for producing an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer from plant straws as claimed in claim 3, wherein in S3, the straw-decomposing agent is a mixed strain comprising Bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus laterosporus, Trichoderma koningii, and Phanerochaete chrysosporium.
6. The method for producing an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer by using plant straws as raw materials according to claim 1, wherein the plant ash and the powdered rock phosphate are added in a proportion of 20-30 parts of the plant ash and 12-15 parts of the powdered rock phosphate to 100 parts of the component C.
7. The method for producing an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer from plant straws as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the humidity of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer in S5 is less than 20%.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113755342A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-07 | 黑龙江省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Low-temperature-resistant straw fermentation inoculant and preparation method thereof |
| CN113831186A (en) * | 2021-10-30 | 2021-12-24 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | Vegetable fertilizer taking gardenia jasminoides waste as raw material and preparation method thereof |
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2019
- 2019-12-05 CN CN201911234486.4A patent/CN110903120A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113755342A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-07 | 黑龙江省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Low-temperature-resistant straw fermentation inoculant and preparation method thereof |
| CN113831186A (en) * | 2021-10-30 | 2021-12-24 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | Vegetable fertilizer taking gardenia jasminoides waste as raw material and preparation method thereof |
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