CN111789008A - Organic rice planting method for rice and shrimp co-farming - Google Patents
Organic rice planting method for rice and shrimp co-farming Download PDFInfo
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 199
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 198
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 198
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 title description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 84
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- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 241000574138 Ozothamnus diosmifolius Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 241001233061 earthworms Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000237536 Mytilus edulis Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000020638 mussel Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
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- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003501 co-culture Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012257 stirred material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000195967 Anthoceros Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001113556 Elodea Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000555922 Potamogeton crispus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001123263 Zostera Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000003826 Eichhornia crassipes Species 0.000 claims 1
- 244000052355 Hydrilla verticillata Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000238565 lobster Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000169203 Eichhornia Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
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- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000756999 Potamogetonaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000062793 Sorghum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019713 millet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for planting organic rice by rice and shrimp co-cropping, which comprises the following steps: s1, selecting paddy field: digging an annular deep ditch along the inner side of a ridge behind the selected rice field; s2, preparation: adopting quicklime to disinfect the rice field and the annular deep ditch, applying 35-45kg of organic fertilizer per mu in the rice field after disinfection, applying 30-40kg of organic fertilizer per mu in the annular deep ditch, and planting aquatic plants in the annular deep ditch; s3, planting rice: seedlings of rice varieties with the same individual size, strong stress resistance and excellent rice quality are inserted into the disinfected and fattened rice fields. The rice and lobster co-cropping organic rice planting method can help rice and lobsters to complement each other, effectively improve the rice population structure and growth condition, lay a foundation for increasing the yield and improving the quality of rice, apply organic fertilizer and uniformly spread precipitates in the annular deep ditch in the shallow water period of rice to serve as rice fertilizer, and really realize ecological organic planting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rice planting, in particular to a method for planting organic rice by rice and shrimp co-cropping.
Background
Rice (Oryza sativa), also called rice or paddy, is an edible cereal, an annual herbaceous plant, which is warm and humid in nature, commonly known in south china as "rice" or "millet", and de-hulled grain is rice. After being cooked, the rice is called as rice (the northern China method) or rice in white (the southern China method). The rice is one of the main grain crops in China, and has a long planting history and a long planting area. Rice is not only food, but also can be used as raw material for brewing wine and making maltose. It is consumed by half of the world's population. Mainly in asia, south europe and parts of tropical america and africa. The total yield accounts for the third crop yield in the world, is lower than that of corn and wheat, but can maintain the life of a large population, so that the united nations stipulate that the year 2004 is the year of international rice.
The rice planting technology, including rice field and rice transplanting, is invented in China. The cultivation of rice is not only the traditional manual cultivation mode but also a highly mechanized cultivation mode. But without losing the following steps: 1. soil preparation; 2. seedling raising; 3. transplanting rice seedlings; 4. weeding and deinsectization; 5. fertilizing; 6. irrigating and draining water; 7. harvesting; 8. drying and selecting; 9. a no-tillage seedling throwing method.
The existing rice planting method is single planting, only one crop of rice is planted, a planting mode of symbiosis with other species is lacked, so that the group structure and the growth condition of rice cannot be effectively improved, the group structure and the growth condition of rice are poor, the economic benefit is greatly reduced, and ecological organic planting cannot be effectively realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rice and shrimp co-cropping organic rice planting method, which can supplement rice and lobsters, effectively improve the population structure and growth condition of the rice, lay a foundation for increasing the yield and improving the quality of the rice, greatly improve the economic benefit, and simultaneously apply organic fertilizer and fish out precipitates in an annular deep ditch to be uniformly sprayed in the shallow water period of the rice to serve as the rice fertilizer, thereby really achieving ecological organic planting and solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for planting organic rice by rice and shrimp co-culture comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting paddy field: selecting a rice field with sufficient water source, convenient irrigation and drainage, strong water retention capacity, good ecological environment, no pollution source around and fertile soil, heightening and reinforcing the selected rice field ridge to enable the ridge to be 40-60cm higher than the plane of the rice field, and digging an annular deep ditch along the inner side of the ridge;
s2, preparation: ploughing, sunning, irrigating, pulping and preparing soil in the rice field, sterilizing the rice field and the annular deep water ditch by using quick lime, applying 35-45kg of organic fertilizer per mu in the rice field after sterilization, applying 30-40kg of organic fertilizer per mu in the annular deep water ditch, and planting aquatic plants in the annular deep water ditch;
s3, planting rice: inserting seedlings of rice varieties with same individual size, strong stress resistance and excellent rice quality into the disinfected and fattened rice field;
s4, releasing shrimps: after aquatic plants in the annular deep ditch survive, putting shrimp seedlings into the annular deep ditch, wherein the young shrimps feed on the aquatic plants and microorganisms in the first half month, and some snails, mussel meat, earthworms and water hyacinth are put into the annular deep ditch as feeds in the later period, wherein the daily feeding amount of the feeds accounts for 6-10% of the total weight of the shrimps in the annular deep ditch;
s5, planting management: spraying quicklime water once a month for disinfection, wherein each time is 3 kg/mu, in the heading and flowering period of the rice, lobsters ingest rice flowers on the water surface, and simultaneously, in the shallow water period of the rice, precipitates in the annular deep ditch are fished out and uniformly sprayed in the field to serve as rice fertilizers.
Further, the area of the annular deep ditch in S1 accounts for 6-14% of the total area of the rice field, the depth of the annular deep ditch is 0.6-1 m, the annular deep ditch is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet and the water outlet are both provided with escape-proof nets for preventing lobsters from escaping, and the mesh number of the escape-proof nets is 4.
Further, the preparation method of the organic fertilizer in the S2 comprises the following steps: drying livestock and poultry manure, sterilizing at high temperature, crushing, adding water and corn straws into a crusher, mixing and stirring for 30-90 minutes, screening the stirred materials, mixing the screened materials with peanut shells and bagasse, and fermenting into rotten clinker to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Further, the aquatic plant in S2 is one of waterweed, hydrilla verticillata, curly pondweed, hornwort, pondweed, and eel grass.
Further, in S3, seedlings with the height of 10-20cm are adopted for transplanting, the row spacing of the seedlings is 14-20cm, the plant spacing is 8-12cm, the irrigation depth is 3-5cm, the seedlings are transplanted with soil, and weeds in the rice field are cleaned regularly after the seedlings are transplanted.
Further, healthy shrimp fries are selected for stocking in S4, the shrimps are fed at fixed time and fixed point every day, the rice field is patrolled regularly, and the growth condition of the lobsters is closely concerned.
Further, the annular deep ditch is fed for 1 time in the morning and the evening respectively, the feeding amount in the morning accounts for 40% of the feeding amount in the day, and the feeding amount in the evening accounts for 60% of the feeding amount in the day.
Further, in S5, fishing equipment is adopted to fish rice flowers in the rice field, and the fished rice flowers are placed in the annular deep ditch for feeding lobsters.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to a method for planting organic rice by rice and shrimp co-cropping, which comprises the steps of selecting a rice field with sufficient water source, convenient irrigation and drainage, strong water retention capacity, good ecological environment and no pollution source around the rice field, digging an annular deep ditch along the inner side of a ridge, ploughing, drying soil, irrigating, pulping and preparing soil, sterilizing the rice field and the annular deep ditch by quicklime, applying 40kg of organic fertilizer per mu in the rice field after sterilization, applying 36kg of organic fertilizer per mu in the annular deep ditch, planting aquatic plants in the annular deep ditch, inserting seedlings of rice varieties with the same individual size and strong stress resistance and excellent rice quality into the sterilized and fattened rice field, throwing shrimp seedlings into the annular deep ditch after the aquatic plants in the annular deep ditch survive, throwing shrimp seedlings into the annular deep ditch for the first half a month, feeding young shrimps with the aquatic plants and microorganisms, and selecting some snails, river mussel meat, and microbes as food in the later period, Earthworms and water hyacinth are used as feed, the feed amount of the earthworms and the water hyacinth fed every day accounts for 8 percent of the total weight of shrimps in the annular deep water ditch, quicklime water is sprayed once a month for disinfection, 3 kg/mu each time, the lobsters eat rice flowers on the water surface in the ear-picking and flowering period of rice, the rice flowers in the rice field are caught by a catching device, the caught rice flowers are put into the annular deep water ditch for feeding of the lobsters, meanwhile, precipitates in the annular deep water ditch are fished out and uniformly sprayed on the field as rice fertilizer in the shallow water period of the rice, the organic rice planting method of the rice and the shrimps is adopted, the rice and the lobsters can be supplemented, the population structure and the growth condition of the rice can be effectively improved, the foundation is laid for increasing the yield and improving the quality of the rice, the economic benefit is greatly improved, meanwhile, the machine fertilizer is applied, and the precipitates in the annular deep water ditch are fished out and uniformly sprayed on the field as the rice fertilizer in the shallow water period of the rice, the ecological organic planting is really realized.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
A method for planting organic rice by rice and shrimp co-culture comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting paddy field: selecting a rice field with sufficient water source, convenient irrigation and drainage, strong water retention capacity, good ecological environment, no pollution source around and fertile soil, heightening and reinforcing the selected ridge of the rice field to enable the ridge to be 40cm higher than the plane of the rice field, digging an annular deep ditch along the inner side of the ridge, wherein the area of the annular deep ditch accounts for 6 percent of the total area of the rice field, the depth of the annular deep ditch is 0.6 meter, the annular deep ditch is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet and the water outlet are both provided with anti-escape nets for preventing lobsters from escaping, and the mesh number of the anti-escape nets is 4;
s2, preparation: ploughing, sunning, irrigating, pulping and preparing soil in the rice field, sterilizing the rice field and the annular deep water ditch by using quick lime, applying 35kg of organic fertilizer per mu in the rice field after sterilization, applying 30kg of organic fertilizer per mu in the annular deep water ditch, and planting aquatic plants in the annular deep water ditch;
the preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: drying livestock and poultry manure, sterilizing at high temperature, crushing, adding water and corn straws into a crusher, mixing and stirring for 30 minutes, screening the stirred materials, mixing the screened materials with peanut shells and bagasse, and fermenting into rotten clinker to obtain the organic fertilizer.
The aquatic plant is hydrilla verticillata.
S3, planting rice: inserting seedlings of rice varieties with same individual size, strong stress resistance and excellent rice quality into the disinfected and fattened rice field;
adopting 10cm high seedlings for transplanting, wherein the row spacing of the seedlings is 14cm, the plant spacing is 8cm, the irrigation depth is 3cm, transplanting with soil is carried out, and after transplanting, periodically cleaning weeds in the rice field.
S4, releasing shrimps: after aquatic plants in the annular deep ditch survive, putting shrimp seedlings into the annular deep ditch, wherein the young shrimps feed on the aquatic plants and microorganisms in the first half month, and some snails, mussel meat, earthworms and water hyacinth are put into the annular deep ditch as feeds in the later period, wherein the daily feeding amount of the feeds accounts for 6% of the total weight of the shrimps in the annular deep ditch;
healthy shrimp fries are selected for stocking, the shrimps are fed at fixed points every day, rice fields are regularly patrolled, the growth conditions of the lobsters are closely concerned, the lobsters are fed for 1 time in the annular deep ditch every morning and evening, the feeding amount in the morning accounts for 40% of the feeding amount in the day, and the feeding amount in the evening accounts for 60% of the feeding amount in the day.
S5, planting management: sprinkling quicklime water once a month for disinfection, 3 kg/mu each time, enabling lobsters to ingest rice flowers on the water surface in the heading and flowering period of rice, fishing the rice flowers in the rice field by adopting a fishing device, putting the caught rice flowers into the annular deep ditch for the lobsters to ingest, and fishing out precipitates in the annular deep ditch uniformly in the shallow water period of the rice and throwing the precipitates in the annular deep ditch to the field to serve as rice fertilizers.
Example two
A method for planting organic rice by rice and shrimp co-culture comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting paddy field: selecting a rice field with sufficient water source, convenient irrigation and drainage, strong water retention capacity, good ecological environment, no pollution source around and fertile soil, heightening and reinforcing the selected ridge of the rice field to enable the ridge to be 60cm higher than the plane of the rice field, digging an annular deep ditch along the inner side of the ridge, wherein the area of the annular deep ditch accounts for 14 percent of the total area of the rice field, the depth of the annular deep ditch is 1 meter, the annular deep ditch is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet and the water outlet are both provided with escape-proof nets for preventing lobsters from escaping, and the mesh number of the escape-proof nets is 4;
s2, preparation: ploughing, sunning, irrigating, pulping and preparing soil in the rice field, sterilizing the rice field and the annular deep water ditch by using quick lime, applying 45kg of organic fertilizer per mu in the rice field after sterilization, applying 40kg of organic fertilizer per mu in the annular deep water ditch, and planting aquatic plants in the annular deep water ditch;
the preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: drying livestock and poultry manure, sterilizing at high temperature, crushing, adding water and corn straws into a crusher, mixing and stirring for 90 minutes, screening the stirred materials, mixing the screened materials with peanut shells and bagasse, and fermenting into rotten clinker to obtain the organic fertilizer.
The aquatic plant is Goldfish algae.
S3, planting rice: inserting seedlings of rice varieties with same individual size, strong stress resistance and excellent rice quality into the disinfected and fattened rice field;
adopting 20cm high seedlings for transplanting, wherein the row spacing of the seedlings is 20cm, the plant spacing is 12cm, the irrigation depth is 5cm, transplanting with soil is carried out, and after transplanting, periodically cleaning weeds in the rice field.
S4, releasing shrimps: after aquatic plants in the annular deep ditch survive, putting shrimp seedlings into the annular deep ditch, wherein the young shrimps feed on the aquatic plants and microorganisms in the first half month, and some snails, mussel meat, earthworms and water hyacinth are put into the annular deep ditch as feeds in the later period, wherein the daily feeding amount of the feeds accounts for 10 percent of the total weight of the shrimps in the annular deep ditch;
healthy shrimp fries are selected for stocking, the shrimps are fed at fixed points every day, rice fields are regularly patrolled, the growth conditions of the lobsters are closely concerned, the lobsters are fed for 1 time in the annular deep ditch every morning and evening, the feeding amount in the morning accounts for 40% of the feeding amount in the day, and the feeding amount in the evening accounts for 60% of the feeding amount in the day.
S5, planting management: sprinkling quicklime water once a month for disinfection, 3 kg/mu each time, enabling lobsters to ingest rice flowers on the water surface in the heading and flowering period of rice, fishing the rice flowers in the rice field by adopting a fishing device, putting the caught rice flowers into the annular deep ditch for the lobsters to ingest, and fishing out precipitates in the annular deep ditch uniformly in the shallow water period of the rice and throwing the precipitates in the annular deep ditch to the field to serve as rice fertilizers.
EXAMPLE III
A method for planting organic rice by rice and shrimp co-culture comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting paddy field: selecting a rice field with sufficient water source, convenient irrigation and drainage, strong water retention capacity, good ecological environment, no pollution source around and fertile soil, heightening and reinforcing the selected ridge of the rice field to enable the ridge to be 50cm higher than the plane of the rice field, digging an annular deep ditch along the inner side of the ridge, wherein the area of the annular deep ditch accounts for 10 percent of the total area of the rice field, the depth of the annular deep ditch is 0.8 meter, the annular deep ditch is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet and the water outlet are both provided with anti-escape nets for preventing lobsters from escaping, and the mesh number of the anti-escape nets is 4;
s2, preparation: ploughing, sunning, irrigating, pulping and preparing soil in the rice field, sterilizing the rice field and the annular deep water ditch by using quick lime, applying 40kg of organic fertilizer per mu in the rice field after sterilization, applying 36kg of organic fertilizer per mu in the annular deep water ditch, and planting aquatic plants in the annular deep water ditch;
the preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: drying livestock and poultry manure, sterilizing at high temperature, crushing, adding water and corn straws into a crusher, mixing and stirring for 70 minutes, screening the stirred materials, mixing the screened materials with peanut shells and bagasse, and fermenting into rotten clinker to obtain the organic fertilizer.
The aquatic plant is poly grass.
S3, planting rice: inserting seedlings of rice varieties with same individual size, strong stress resistance and excellent rice quality into the disinfected and fattened rice field;
transplanting 16-high seedlings with row spacing of 18cm, plant spacing of 12cm and irrigation depth of 4cm, transplanting with soil, and periodically cleaning weeds in the rice field after transplanting.
S4, releasing shrimps: after aquatic plants in the annular deep ditch survive, putting shrimp seedlings into the annular deep ditch, wherein the young shrimps feed on the aquatic plants and microorganisms in the first half month, and some snails, mussel meat, earthworms and water hyacinth are put into the annular deep ditch as feeds in the later period, wherein the daily feeding amount of the feeds accounts for 8 percent of the total weight of the shrimps in the annular deep ditch;
healthy shrimp fries are selected for stocking, the shrimps are fed at fixed points every day, rice fields are regularly patrolled, the growth conditions of the lobsters are closely concerned, the lobsters are fed for 1 time in the annular deep ditch every morning and evening, the feeding amount in the morning accounts for 40% of the feeding amount in the day, and the feeding amount in the evening accounts for 60% of the feeding amount in the day.
S5, planting management: sprinkling quicklime water once a month for disinfection, 3 kg/mu each time, enabling lobsters to ingest rice flowers on the water surface in the heading and flowering period of rice, fishing the rice flowers in the rice field by adopting a fishing device, putting the caught rice flowers into the annular deep ditch for the lobsters to ingest, and fishing out precipitates in the annular deep ditch uniformly in the shallow water period of the rice and throwing the precipitates in the annular deep ditch to the field to serve as rice fertilizers.
According to the rice and shrimp co-cropping organic rice planting method provided by the embodiment, rice and lobsters supplement each other, the rice population structure and the growth condition can be effectively improved, a foundation is laid for increasing the yield and improving the quality of the rice, the economic benefit is greatly improved, meanwhile, organic fertilizer is applied, precipitates in the annular deep water ditch are uniformly fished out and thrown in the field as rice fertilizer in the rice shallow water period, and ecological organic planting is really realized.
In summary, the method for planting organic rice by rice and shrimp co-farming of the invention selects a rice field with sufficient water source, convenient irrigation and drainage, strong water retention capacity, good ecological environment and no pollution source around the field, digs an annular deep ditch along the inner side of a ridge, ploughs, suntan, irrigates and pulps the rice field, sterilizes the rice field and the annular deep ditch by quicklime, applies 40kg of organic fertilizer per mu in the rice field after sterilization, applies 36kg of organic fertilizer per mu in the annular deep ditch, plants aquatic plants in the annular deep ditch, inserts seedlings of rice varieties with same individual size and high stress resistance and excellent rice quality into the sterilized and fattened rice field, after the aquatic plants in the annular deep ditch survive, puts shrimp seedlings into the annular deep ditch, puts young shrimps into the annular deep ditch for half a month, puts some snails into the rice field and the aquatic plants and microorganisms as food, and selects some snails in the later period, Freshwater mussel meat, earthworms and water hyacinth are used as feeds, the feed amount is 8 percent of the total weight of shrimps in the annular deep ditch every day, quicklime water is sprayed once a month for disinfection, 3 kg/mu each time, during the ear-picking and flower-raising period of rice, the lobsters eat rice flowers on the water surface, the rice flowers in the rice field are fished by a fishing device, the fished rice flowers are put into the annular deep ditch for feeding of the lobsters, meanwhile, sediments in the annular deep ditch are fished out and uniformly sprayed in the field to serve as rice fertilizers in the shallow water period of the rice, the organic rice planting method of the rice and the shrimps is adopted, the rice and the lobsters can supplement each other, the population structure and the growth condition of the rice can be effectively improved, the foundation for increasing the yield and improving the quality of the rice is laid, the economic benefit is greatly improved, meanwhile, the organic fertilizers are applied, and the sediments in the annular deep ditch are uniformly fished out and sprayed in the field to serve as the rice fertilizers in the shallow water period of the rice, the ecological organic planting is really realized.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for planting organic rice by rice and shrimp co-culture is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting paddy field: selecting a rice field with sufficient water source, convenient irrigation and drainage, strong water retention capacity, good ecological environment, no pollution source around and fertile soil, heightening and reinforcing the selected rice field ridge to enable the ridge to be 40-60cm higher than the plane of the rice field, and digging an annular deep ditch along the inner side of the ridge;
s2, preparation: ploughing, sunning, irrigating, pulping and preparing soil in the rice field, sterilizing the rice field and the annular deep water ditch by using quick lime, applying 35-45kg of organic fertilizer per mu in the rice field after sterilization, applying 30-40kg of organic fertilizer per mu in the annular deep water ditch, and planting aquatic plants in the annular deep water ditch;
s3, planting rice: inserting seedlings of rice varieties with same individual size, strong stress resistance and excellent rice quality into the disinfected and fattened rice field;
s4, releasing shrimps: after aquatic plants in the annular deep ditch survive, putting shrimp seedlings into the annular deep ditch, wherein the young shrimps feed on the aquatic plants and microorganisms in the first half month, and some snails, mussel meat, earthworms and water hyacinth are put into the annular deep ditch as feeds in the later period, wherein the daily feeding amount of the feeds accounts for 6-10% of the total weight of the shrimps in the annular deep ditch;
s5, planting management: spraying quicklime water once a month for disinfection, wherein each time is 3 kg/mu, in the heading and flowering period of the rice, lobsters ingest rice flowers on the water surface, and simultaneously, in the shallow water period of the rice, precipitates in the annular deep ditch are fished out and uniformly sprayed in the field to serve as rice fertilizers.
2. The method for planting organic rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the area of the circular deep water trench in S1 is 6-14% of the total area of the rice field, the depth of the circular deep water trench is 0.6-1 m, the circular deep water trench is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, each of the water inlet and the water outlet is provided with an escape-proof net for preventing lobsters from escaping, and the number of meshes of the escape-proof net is 4.
3. The method for planting the organic rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the organic fertilizer in S2 comprises the following steps: drying livestock and poultry manure, sterilizing at high temperature, crushing, adding water and corn straws into a crusher, mixing and stirring for 30-90 minutes, screening the stirred materials, mixing the screened materials with peanut shells and bagasse, and fermenting into rotten clinker to obtain the organic fertilizer.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the aquatic plant of S2 is one of waterweed, hydrilla verticillata, curly pondweed, hornwort, polygrass, and eel grass.
5. The method for planting organic rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein seedlings of 10-20cm in height are used for transplanting in S3, the row spacing of the seedlings is 14-20cm, the plant spacing is 8-12cm, the irrigation depth is 3-5cm, the seedlings are transplanted with soil, and after the transplanting, the weeds in the rice field are periodically cleaned.
6. The method for planting organic rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein healthy young shrimps are selected for stocking in S4, and the shrimps are fed regularly at fixed points every day and regularly patrol the rice field, so that the growth of the lobsters is closely followed.
7. The method for planting organic rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feeding amount in the morning is 40% of the daily feeding amount and the feeding amount in the evening is 60% of the daily feeding amount by feeding 1 time each morning and evening in the annular deep water drain.
8. The method for planting organic rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rice flowers in the rice field are caught by a catching facility at S5, and the caught rice flowers are put into the annular deep water trench for feeding lobsters.
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