CN111771988A - 适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品及其制备方法 - Google Patents
适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品及其制备方法,涉及食品技术领域,能够在控制血糖的同时,符合成年糖尿病患者的营养需求。本发明所述的适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品,包括以下组分:脱脂乳粉150~400份、全脂乳粉100~330份、加油脱盐乳清粉80~440份、麦芽糊精60~180份、燕麦纤维8~80份、小麦低聚肽7~66份、桑叶粉5~62份、青钱柳叶粉4~55份、苦瓜粉4~50份、黄精粉5~30份、鱼油粉1~15份、葛根粉1~12份、决明子粉1~12份、百合粉1~12份、芦根粉1~12份、复配矿物质2~25份、复配维生素2~5份。本发明主要应用于糖尿病患者的食品中。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品技术领域,尤其涉及一种适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品及其制备方法。
背景技术
糖尿病是当前威胁人类健康最重要的慢性非传染性疾病之一,其并发症是导致糖尿病患者死亡的主要原因。糖尿病的发病率正不断攀升,已成为继心脑血管病和肿瘤之后的第三大危害性疾病。
糖尿病的病理生理机制是胰岛素分泌缺陷或胰岛素作用缺陷,目前尚无药物或其它治疗手段可达到根治目的,因而控制血糖成为治疗改善糖尿病人生存状态的唯一手段。血糖控制源头在于糖尿病人每天的能量(食物)摄入的管控。
血糖生成指数(glycemic index,GI)是评价食物是否适合糖尿病患者食用的关键指标,建议糖尿病患者尽量食用低GI值的食物,同时要保证其它营养素的合理摄入是糖尿病患者营养代谢管理的有效手段。
由于营养管控治疗是所有类型糖尿病治疗的基础,是糖尿病自然病程中任何阶段治疗和防控所必不可少的措施。然而,现有技术的降糖配方中均是单纯从药物或药食同源类方面进行配方考量,长时间食用对糖尿病患者来说容易导致营养不良或引起其它疾病。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品及其制备方法,能够在控制血糖的同时,符合成年糖尿病患者的营养需求。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品,包括以下组分:脱脂乳粉150~400份、全脂乳粉100~330份、加油脱盐乳清粉80~440份、麦芽糊精60~180份、燕麦纤维8~80份、小麦低聚肽7~66份、桑叶粉5~62份、青钱柳叶粉4~55份、苦瓜粉4~50份、黄精粉5~30份、鱼油粉1~15份、葛根粉1~12份、决明子粉1~12份、百合粉1~12份、芦根粉1~12份、复配矿物质2~25份、复配维生素2~5份。
其中,所述复配矿物质的原料组分百分比为:硫酸亚铁11.828%、硫酸锌3.047%、硫酸铜0.427%、硫酸锰0.057%、***钠0.012%、乳糖84.629%。
其中,所述复配维生素的原料组分百分比为:醋酸视黄酯2.220%、胆钙化醇1.267%、dl-α-醋酸生育酚13.413%、盐酸吡哆醇0.007%、叶酸0.001%、牛磺酸15.000%、L-抗坏血酸钠31.480%、乳糖36.612%。
具体地,所述桑叶粉、所述青钱柳叶粉、所述苦瓜粉、所述黄精粉、所述葛根粉、所述决明子粉、所述百合粉、所述芦根粉均为同等比例条件下的提取物粉,且提取物小于80目。
相对于现有技术,本发明所述的适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品具有以下优势:
本发明提供的适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品中,由于将桑叶粉、青钱柳叶粉、苦瓜粉、黄精粉、葛根粉、决明子粉、百合粉、芦根粉,与脱脂乳粉、全脂乳粉、加油脱盐乳清粉、燕麦纤维、小麦低聚肽、鱼油粉、复配矿物质及复配维生素混合,因此能够良好地进行功能性与营养性的结合,也即组合的配方产品,能够补充人体必需的碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪、膳食纤、维维生素、无机盐以及水分,其各营养成分结构比例严格按照糖尿病人群需求设计,其中蛋白质供能占比45%~60%、脂肪供能占比25%~35%、蛋白质供能占比15%~20%、膳食纤维功能占比3%~9%,同时对糖尿病人易缺失的或需求的微量元素维生素C、维生素D、维生素E、硒进行了强化补充,从而本发明提供的适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品,在控制血糖的同时,符合成年糖尿病患者的营养需求,即在长时间食用也不会造成营养不良或引起其它疾病。
一种适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将桑叶、青钱柳叶、苦瓜、黄精、葛根、决明子、百合、芦根分别按1:8~1:15的比例加水,加热至微沸,并保持微沸至2~3小时,滤过,取滤液浓缩至密度为1.06~1.12,取浓缩液测量固形物含量,按药材比例加入麦芽糊精补足重量搅拌均匀,待麦芽糊精完全溶解,喷雾干燥;
将上述步骤的产物与脱脂乳粉、全脂乳粉、加油脱盐乳清粉、燕麦纤维、小麦低聚肽、鱼油粉、复配矿物质及复配维生素按比例均匀混合,并对异物进行检测及剔除,灌入包装。
其中,所述浓缩液固形物含量占比为:桑叶浓缩液12%~18%、青钱柳叶浓缩液7%~12%、苦瓜浓缩液7%~12%、黄精浓缩液15%~19%、葛根浓缩液10%~20%、决明子浓缩液5%~15%、百合浓缩液15%~20%、芦根浓缩液5%~10%。
具体地,所述营养食品的组分为:脱脂乳粉150~400份、全脂乳粉100~330份、加油脱盐乳清粉80~440份、麦芽糊精60~180份、燕麦纤维8~80份、小麦低聚肽7~66份、桑叶粉5~62份、青钱柳叶粉4~55份、苦瓜粉4~50份、黄精粉5~30份、鱼油粉1~15份、葛根粉1~12份、决明子粉1~12份、百合粉1~12份、芦根粉1~12份、复配矿物质2~25份、复配维生素2~5份。
进一步地,所述对异物进行检测并剔除,具体包括:分别对粒径不小于0.7mm的铁、1.0mm的非铁及1.5mm的不绣钢异物进行检测并剔除。
更进一步地,所述灌入包装,具体包括:封罐后检测真空压力处于7KPa-15KPa之间,且残氧量不大于3%。
所述适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品制备方法与上述适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品相对于现有技术所具有的优势相同,在此不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品制备方法的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解,下面结合说明书附图,对本发明实施例提供的适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品及其制备方法进行详细描述。
本发明实施例提供一种适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品,包括以下组分:脱脂乳粉150~400份、全脂乳粉100~330份、加油脱盐乳清粉80~440份、麦芽糊精60~180份、燕麦纤维8~80份、小麦低聚肽7~66份、桑叶粉5~62份、青钱柳叶粉4~55份、苦瓜粉4~50份、黄精粉5~30份、鱼油粉1~15份、葛根粉1~12份、决明子粉1~12份、百合粉1~12份、芦根粉1~12份、复配矿物质2~25份、复配维生素2~5份。
相对于现有技术,本发明实施例所述的适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品具有以下优势:
本发明实施例提供的适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品中,由于将桑叶粉、青钱柳叶粉、苦瓜粉、黄精粉、葛根粉、决明子粉、百合粉、芦根粉,与脱脂乳粉、全脂乳粉、加油脱盐乳清粉、燕麦纤维、小麦低聚肽、鱼油粉、复配矿物质及复配维生素混合,因此能够良好地进行功能性与营养性的结合,也即组合的配方产品,能够补充人体必需的碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪、膳食纤、维维生素、无机盐以及水分,其各营养成分结构比例严格按照糖尿病人群需求设计,其中蛋白质供能占比45%~60%、脂肪供能占比25%~35%、蛋白质供能占比15%~20%、膳食纤维功能占比3%~9%,同时对糖尿病人易缺失的或需求的微量元素维生素C、维生素D、维生素E、硒进行了强化补充,从而本发明提供的适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品,在控制血糖的同时,符合成年糖尿病患者的营养需求,即在长时间食用也不会造成营养不良或引起其它疾病。
其中,上述复配矿物质的原料组分百分比可以为:硫酸亚铁11.828%、硫酸锌3.047%、硫酸铜0.427%、硫酸锰0.057%、***钠0.012%、乳糖84.629%。
其中,上述复配维生素的原料组分百分比可以为:醋酸视黄酯2.220%、胆钙化醇1.267%、dl-α-醋酸生育酚13.413%、盐酸吡哆醇0.007%、叶酸0.001%、牛磺酸15.000%、L-抗坏血酸钠31.480%、乳糖36.612%。
具体地,上述桑叶粉、青钱柳叶粉、苦瓜粉、黄精粉、葛根粉、决明子粉、百合粉、芦根粉均为同等比例条件下的提取物粉,且提取物可以优选为小于80目。
进一步地,脱脂乳粉是先将牛乳中的脂肪经高速离心机脱去,再经过浓缩、喷雾干燥而制成;通常生产1千克脱脂奶粉需用普通牛奶12千克。这种产品脂肪含量一般是不超过2.0%,蛋白质不低于32%。脱脂乳粉是将鲜牛奶脱去脂肪再干燥而成,除脂肪可降低至1%左右外,其他变化不大;对于老年人,消化不良的婴儿,经行腹泻、胆囊疾患、高脂症、慢性胰腺炎等患者有一定益处。此外,脱脂乳粉因其脂肪含量较少,所以易保存,不易发生氧化作用;并且,脱脂乳粉中不含脂肪,适宜肥胖而又需要补充营养的人食用。
进一步地,全脂乳粉仅以牛乳或羊乳为原料,经浓缩、干燥制成的粉状产品;用纯乳生产的,基本保持了乳中的原有营养成分,蛋白质不低于24%,脂肪不低于26%,乳糖不低于37%。全脂奶粉的营养成分含量为蛋白质25.5%,脂肪26.5%,碳水化合物37.3%,每百克含钙979毫克,磷685毫克,铁1.9毫克,核黄素0.8毫克,尼克酸0.6毫克。
进一步地,脱盐乳清粉是指除去溶解的矿物质及水分的乳清制品;乳清粉主要成分是乳清蛋白和乳糖;脱盐乳清粉是将乳清粉中的矿物盐脱去。对于婴幼儿来说,矿物质含量高会增加宝宝的肾负担,因此必须脱去矿物质;并且,可以调整蛋白质比例,接近母乳水平。
进一步地,小麦低聚肽具有抑制胆固醇上升的作用,小麦低聚肽能促进胰岛素分泌作用,其功能物质是低聚蛋氨酸,可用于调节人的血糖,改善糖尿病症状;能阻碍血管紧张素酶的作用,因而有降血压作用,其特点之一是含高谷酰胺,能够有效调节神经,也可作肠功能障碍时的特殊营养物质;具有ACE抑制作用、免疫调节、抗氧化等多种生物活性,能够刺激机体淋巴细胞增殖,增强巨噬细胞吞噬功能,提高机体抵御外界病原体感染的能力,降低机体发病率等;能抑制血管紧张素转化酶的活性,使血管紧张素原不能转变成能使血压升高的血管紧张素Ⅱ,从而生理地降低血压,而对正常血压不起用。
进一步地,桑叶粉具有消水肿、降血脂、排毒的功效:桑叶富含优质蛋白质、粗纤维、糖类,以及钙、磷、铁、锰等营养,具有促进新陈代谢、清血、通便等功用,另外还可以使积在细胞中多余的水分排走,改善水肿现象。
进一步地,苦瓜粉中含有的“多肽—P”,对糖尿病如同胰岛素一样有效,并可取而代之作为糖尿病的治疗药物。物质基础可能包括甾甙、皂甙、肽类物质。苦瓜粉中所含的苦瓜蛋白,可提高机体的免疫功能,促进免疫细胞消灭癌细胞,这种蛋白脂类物质可能成为治疗癌症的新药;活性成分主要是蛋白质、皂甙。苦瓜素有抗艾滋病病毒的作用,抗病毒蛋白MAP30有望开发成一种新型的治疗艾滋病的药物。苦瓜中含有一种有避孕作用的物质,α-苦瓜素、β-苦瓜素可引起怀孕小鼠早期、中期流产或致畸。
进一步地,葛根粉中的葛根素具有扩张冠状动脉和脑动脉的作用,可降低血压,能显著增加缺血组织的血液供应量;葛根粉含有人体需要的10多种氨基酸和10多种微量元素;具有一定的防癌抗癌之功效。
进一步地,百合是我国传统的名贵食品,是首批***认可的药食两用植物,被誉为蔬菜人参,具有养阴润肺,清心安神等保健功效。百合粉为百合的干燥肉质鳞叶淀粉,百合粉是从野生或人工栽培的百合鳞茎中加工提取的,其地下鳞茎含淀粉量70%以上;有极高的营养价值,富含维生素B1、B2、C等成份,还含氨基酸、钙、磷、铁、百合甙A、百合甙B、秋水仙碱等,这些成份综全作用于人体,不仅具有良好的营养滋补之功,还有润肺止咳、促进伤口愈合、宁心安神、镇静催眠、预防痛风、保护胃黏膜、增强免疫的辅助功效。
如图1所示,本发明实施例还提供一种适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1、将桑叶、青钱柳叶、苦瓜、黄精、葛根、决明子、百合、芦根分别按1:8~1:15的比例加水,加热至微沸,并保持微沸至2~3小时,滤过,取滤液浓缩至密度为1.06~1.12,取浓缩液测量固形物含量,按药材比例加入麦芽糊精补足重量搅拌均匀,待麦芽糊精完全溶解,喷雾干燥;
步骤S2、将上述步骤S1的产物与脱脂乳粉、全脂乳粉、加油脱盐乳清粉、燕麦纤维、小麦低聚肽、鱼油粉、复配矿物质及复配维生素按比例均匀混合,并对异物进行检测与剔除,灌入包装。
其中,上述浓缩液固形物含量占比可以为:桑叶浓缩液12%~18%、青钱柳叶浓缩液7%~12%、苦瓜浓缩液7%~12%、黄精浓缩液15%~19%、葛根浓缩液10%~20%、决明子浓缩液5%~15%、百合浓缩液15%~20%、芦根浓缩液5%~10%。
具体地,上述营养食品的组分可以为:脱脂乳粉150~400份、全脂乳粉100~330份、加油脱盐乳清粉80~440份、麦芽糊精60~180份、燕麦纤维8~80份、小麦低聚肽7~66份、桑叶粉5~62份、青钱柳叶粉4~55份、苦瓜粉4~50份、黄精粉5~30份、鱼油粉1~15份、葛根粉1~12份、决明子粉1~12份、百合粉1~12份、芦根粉1~12份、复配矿物质2~25份、复配维生素2~5份。
进一步地,上述对异物进行检测并剔除具体可以包括:分别对粒径不小于0.7mm的铁、1.0mm的非铁及1.5mm的不绣钢异物进行检测并剔除。
更进一步地,上述灌入包装具体可以包括:封罐后检测真空压力处于7KPa-15KPa之间,且残氧量不大于3%。
下面对本发明实施例提供的适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品的三组具体配方进行说明,同时对配方中营养成分占比进行分析:
表1 配方用量对比表
根据原料营养元素成分含量计算并检测配方中营养元素含量:
表2 营养元素含量及功能占比表
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims (9)
1.一种适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品,其特征在于,包括以下组分:脱脂乳粉150~400份、全脂乳粉100~330份、加油脱盐乳清粉80~440份、麦芽糊精60~180份、燕麦纤维8~80份、小麦低聚肽7~66份、桑叶粉5~62份、青钱柳叶粉4~55份、苦瓜粉4~50份、黄精粉5~30份、鱼油粉1~15份、葛根粉1~12份、决明子粉1~12份、百合粉1~12份、芦根粉1~12份、复配矿物质2~25份、复配维生素2~5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品,其特征在于,所述复配矿物质的原料组分百分比为:硫酸亚铁11.828%、硫酸锌3.047%、硫酸铜0.427%、硫酸锰0.057%、***钠0.012%、乳糖84.629%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品,其特征在于,所述复配维生素的原料组分百分比为:醋酸视黄酯2.220%、胆钙化醇1.267%、dl-α-醋酸生育酚13.413%、盐酸吡哆醇0.007%、叶酸0.001%、牛磺酸15.000%、L-抗坏血酸钠31.480%、乳糖36.612%。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品,其特征在于,所述桑叶粉、所述青钱柳叶粉、所述苦瓜粉、所述黄精粉、所述葛根粉、所述决明子粉、所述百合粉、所述芦根粉均为同等比例条件下的提取物粉,且提取物小于80目。
5.一种适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
将桑叶、青钱柳叶、苦瓜、黄精、葛根、决明子、百合、芦根分别按1:8~1:15的比例加水,加热至微沸,并保持微沸至2~3小时,滤过,取滤液浓缩至密度为1.06~1.12,取浓缩液测量固形物含量,按药材比例加入麦芽糊精补足重量搅拌均匀,待麦芽糊精完全溶解,喷雾干燥;
将上述步骤的产物与脱脂乳粉、全脂乳粉、加油脱盐乳清粉、燕麦纤维、小麦低聚肽、鱼油粉、复配矿物质及复配维生素按比例均匀混合,并对异物进行检测及剔除,灌入包装。
6.根据权利要求5所述的适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品制备方法,其特征在于,所述浓缩液固形物含量占比为:桑叶浓缩液12%~18%、青钱柳叶浓缩液7%~12%、苦瓜浓缩液7%~12%、黄精浓缩液15%~19%、葛根浓缩液10%~20%、决明子浓缩液5%~15%、百合浓缩液15%~20%、芦根浓缩液5%~10%。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品制备方法,其特征在于,所述营养食品的组分为:脱脂乳粉150~400份、全脂乳粉100~330份、加油脱盐乳清粉80~440份、麦芽糊精60~180份、燕麦纤维8~80份、小麦低聚肽7~66份、桑叶粉5~62份、青钱柳叶粉4~55份、苦瓜粉4~50份、黄精粉5~30份、鱼油粉1~15份、葛根粉1~12份、决明子粉1~12份、百合粉1~12份、芦根粉1~12份、复配矿物质2~25份、复配维生素2~5份。
8.根据权利要求7所述的适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品制备方法,其特征在于,所述对异物进行检测并剔除,具体包括:分别对粒径不小于0.7mm的铁、1.0mm的非铁及1.5mm的不绣钢异物进行检测并剔除。
9.根据权利要求8所述的适用于糖尿病人食用的营养食品制备方法,其特征在于,所述灌入包装,具体包括:封罐后检测真空压力处于7KPa-15KPa之间,且残氧量不大于3%。
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