CN111594219A

CN111594219A - Underground parking station and construction method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111594219A
Application number: CN202010567977.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙文昊; 谢俊; 胡威东; 何应道; 陈玉远
Original assignee: China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-19
Filing date: 2020-06-19
Publication date: 2020-08-28

Abstract

The application provides an underground parking station and a construction method thereof. The tunnel includes tunnel section of jurisdiction, tunnel highway and platform, and the tunnel section of jurisdiction encloses to establish and forms the tunnel space, and tunnel highway is located the tunnel space. The platform is located within the tunnel space and adjacent to one side of the tunnel road. The shaft includes enclosure and traffic ladder, and the enclosure encloses to establish and forms the shaft space, can lead to the earth's surface highway. The transverse passage comprises a lining wall and a ring frame beam, a transverse through hole is formed in the position, adjacent to the platform, of the tunnel segment, the ring frame beam is supported at the transverse through hole, the lining wall and the ring frame beam are jointly surrounded to form a transverse through space, and the transverse through space is communicated with the tunnel space and the vertical shaft space. The application provides an underground stop, through setting up the platform in the tunnel to when building underground stop, can not adopt the open cut method, can not occupy the space of earth's surface highway, need not to carry out the traffic and dredges, do not influence the normal operation of earth's surface highway.

Description

Underground parking station and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of underground engineering, in particular to an underground docking station and a construction method thereof.

Background

The early constructed underground road mainly comprises a tunnel crossing rivers, and the middle part of the tunnel is not provided with underground stop stations such as underground bus stations. Therefore, although the partial tunnel allows the passage of vehicles, a stop such as a bus stop is not provided underground. With the development and utilization of urban underground space, many urban plans are to rebuild roads crossing tourist attractions underground, or to use a certain street as a pedestrian street, and all original ground traffic including buses needs to be rebuilt underground, and at this time, underground stop stations need to be arranged near tourist attractions or pedestrian streets.

In the prior art, the urban underground stop station constructed by the full open cut method usually needs to construct a foundation pit supporting system at a construction position, so that a large existing ground surface highway space is occupied, and traffic is required to be temporarily dredged.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, embodiments of the present application are expected to provide an underground docking station and a method for constructing the same, so as to solve the problem that the underground docking station occupies a large surface road space in the prior art.

To achieve the above object, an aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an underground docking station, including:

the tunnel comprises tunnel segments, a tunnel road and a platform, wherein the tunnel segments are arranged to form a tunnel space in an enclosing manner, the tunnel road is positioned in the tunnel space and longitudinally extends along the tunnel space, and the platform is positioned in the tunnel space and is adjacent to one side of the tunnel road;

the vertical shaft comprises an enclosing wall and a passing ladder, wherein the enclosing wall is enclosed to form a vertical shaft space, the vertical shaft space can be communicated with the ground surface highway, and the passing ladder is arranged in the vertical shaft space; and

the crosswalk, including lining wall and ring frame roof beam, the tunnel section of jurisdiction borders on platform department is formed with the horizontal through entrance to a cave, the ring frame roof beam supports horizontal through entrance to a cave department, the lining wall with the ring frame roof beam is connected, the lining wall with the ring frame roof beam encloses jointly and establishes formation horizontal through space, horizontal through space intercommunication the tunnel space with the shaft space.

Further, the lining wall comprises a primary support and a secondary lining arranged in the primary support.

Further, the tunnel road comprises more than two traffic lanes, and the width of the traffic lane adjacent to the platform is greater than or equal to 3.5 m; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the platform is 15-20 cm higher than the tunnel road; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the width of the station is greater than or equal to 1.5 m.

Further, the shaft also comprises a partition wall, the passing elevator comprises an elevator and stairs, the partition wall divides the shaft space into at least an elevator space, a stair space and a pedestrian space, the elevator is arranged in the elevator space, and the stairs are arranged in the stair space;

the pedestrian space is communicated with the transverse through space, and the bottoms of the elevator space and the stair space are communicated with the pedestrian space.

Furthermore, the partition wall also divides the shaft space into a cable shaft and a ventilation shaft, the stair space and the elevator space are respectively positioned at two sides of the pedestrian space, the cable shaft is positioned at one side of the elevator space close to the cross passage or one side far away from the cross passage, and the ventilation shaft is positioned at one side of the stair space far away from the cross passage.

Further, underground parking still includes fire door, fire door sets up in the cross-under space.

Further, the shaft is disposed outside the surface road.

The utility model provides an underground stop, through setting up the platform in the tunnel space to when building underground stop, can not adopt open cut method, can not occupy the space of earth's surface highway, need not carry out the traffic and dredges, do not influence the normal operation of earth's surface highway.

Another aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a method for building an underground docking station, which is used to build the underground docking station provided in any one of the above embodiments, and the method includes:

constructing to form the tunnel by adopting a shield method;

constructing to form the vertical shaft;

and constructing and forming the transverse channel between the tunnel and the vertical shaft.

Further, the step of constructing and forming the cross passage between the tunnel and the shaft includes:

constructing in the tunnel space to form a temporary support to support the tunnel segment around the transverse through hole;

removing the tunnel segment at the transverse through hole to form the transverse through hole;

constructing and forming the ring frame beam at the transverse through hole;

removing the temporary support;

and constructing to form the lining wall by adopting a subsurface excavation method.

Further, in the step of constructing and forming the vertical shaft, the vertical shaft is constructed and formed by adopting an open caisson method or an open cut method; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

and in the step of constructing and forming the transverse channel, constructing and forming the lining wall by adopting a subsurface excavation method.

According to the method for building the underground stop station, the platform is arranged in the space of the tunnel, so that the tunnel can be formed by adopting a shield construction method during construction, the space of an earth surface road cannot be occupied during construction, traffic is not required to be dredged, and inconvenience cannot be caused to earth surface traffic. And the shield does not need to receive and start for many times during shield construction, thereby greatly shortening the construction period.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a one-travel-direction structure of an underground parking station according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of section A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another driving direction of an underground parking station according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of section B-B of FIG. 3;

figure 5 is a schematic view of a fire rated door provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a method for constructing an underground docking station according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a method for constructing an underground docking station according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a prior art underground docking station; and

fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the Y-Y section of fig. 8.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a tunnel; 11. a tunnel segment; 111. a transverse through hole; 12. a tunnel road; 121. a roadway; 13. a station; 14. a tunnel space;

2. a shaft; 21. a wall; 22. a passing ladder; 221. an elevator; 222. a staircase; 23. a shaft space; 231. an elevator space; 232. a stair space; 233. a pedestrian space; 234. a cable well; 235. a ventilation shaft; 24. a partition wall;

3. a transverse channel; 31. lining a wall; 311. primary support; 312. secondary lining; 32. a ring frame beam; 33. a transverse through space;

4. a fire door; 5. a surface road; 6. a green belt.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the present application, technical features in examples and embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict, and the detailed description in the specific embodiment should be understood as an explanation of the gist of the present application and should not be construed as an improper limitation to the present application.

The directional terminology described herein is for the purpose of describing the present application and is intended to be simplified for purposes of illustration only and is not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and is not to be considered limiting of the present application.

At present, referring to fig. 8 and 9, in order to enable the length C ', the width D ' and the height of the underground stop, such as the platform 13 ' of the underground bus station, to meet the regulations of the relevant design specifications in the related art, for the tunnel 1 ' constructed by the shield method, if the tunnel segments 11 ' are removed longitudinally in a large range, then the risk and difficulty of enlarging and digging the underground stop are great, and how to construct the underground stop under such conditions is a difficult problem.

It is common practice to construct the underground station by full open cut. The construction method needs to firstly construct a foundation pit of a driving station before the tunnel 1 'is tunneled to form a supporting system 15', and the width of the foundation pit needs to meet the requirements of shield launching and receiving, and the width needs to be at least 20 m. The length of the foundation pit is different depending on the type of the station, which is a direct type or an estuary type, and it is at least 60m long for an underground parking station of an estuary type as shown in fig. 8. Therefore, the engineering construction cost of the underground stop station is high, and the shield needs to receive and start again every time the shield enters the underground stop station, so that the construction period is prolonged. And the underground stop station occupies the existing surface road 5 'in the construction process, and the traffic of the surface road 5' needs to be dredged, thereby greatly influencing the normal traffic operation.

In view of the above, referring to fig. 1 to 4, an underground parking station constructed under an earth surface road 5 includes a tunnel 1, a shaft 2 and a cross passage 3. The tunnel 1 comprises tunnel segments 11, tunnel highways 12 and platforms 13. The tunnel segments 11 enclose a tunnel space 14, the tunnel road 12 is located in the tunnel space 14 and extends longitudinally along the tunnel space 14, and the platform 13 is located in the tunnel space 14 and abuts one side of the tunnel road 12. The shaft 2 comprises a wall 21 and a passage ladder 22, the wall 21 is enclosed to form a shaft space 23, the shaft space 23 can be led to the ground surface road 5, and the passage ladder 22 is arranged in the shaft space 23. The transverse passage 3 comprises a lining wall 31 and a ring frame beam 32, a transverse through hole 111 is formed at the position, adjacent to the platform 13, of the tunnel segment 11, the ring frame beam 32 is supported at the position of the transverse through hole 111, the lining wall 31 is connected with the ring frame beam 32, the lining wall 31 and the ring frame beam 32 are jointly surrounded to form a transverse through space 33, and the transverse through space 33 is communicated with the tunnel space 14 and the vertical shaft space 23.

Specifically, when the underground parking station is operated, passengers pass through the access ladder 22 from the ground surface to the underground and then enter the platform 13 in the tunnel space 14 through the transverse passage space 33 to wait for a car. The surface road 5 includes a motor vehicle lane, a non-motor vehicle lane, and a sidewalk.

The utility model provides an underground docking station is through setting up platform 13 in tunnel space 14 to the condition to adopting shield method construction tunnel 1, when underground docking station construction, directly can be under construction in tunnel space 14 and form platform 13, form shaft 2 through open cut method or open caisson method construction, the rethread is constructed and is formed horizontal through the method of secretly digging 33, and need not adopt full open cut method construction platform 13. Therefore, in the process of building the underground parking station, only a small amount of ground surface area occupied by the construction shaft 2 needs to be enclosed, so that the normal traffic operation of the ground surface road 5 is not influenced, and traffic fluffing is not needed. And because the construction platform 13 is not required to be constructed by adopting the open cut method, a foundation pit and a supporting system 15' thereof are not required to be constructed, and multiple starting and receiving are not required when the tunnel 1 is constructed by adopting the shield method, so that the construction facility is simplified, the operation efficiency is greatly improved, and the construction period is shortened.

Further, in one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, the present application provides an underground parking station in which the lining wall 31 includes primary supports 311 and a secondary lining 312 disposed within the primary supports 311.

It can be understood that, since the transverse passage space 33 of the transverse passage 3 is formed by the undercut construction, the preliminary bracing 311 needs to be formed in the area to be excavated before excavation, so as to prevent accidents such as collapse during excavation. After the excavation work is completed, the secondary lining 312 needs to be constructed in the primary support 311 according to specific structural requirements, so as to meet the structural strength requirement of the lining wall 31, and meanwhile, the shape and the surface of the lining wall 31 can be more beautiful by constructing the secondary lining 312.

Further, in an embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 3, the underground parking station provided by the present application, the tunnel road 12 includes more than two traffic lanes 121, and the width W of the traffic lane 121 adjacent to the station 13 is greater than or equal to 3.5 m. It can be understood that, in order to ensure the normal operation of the tunnel road 12 and avoid causing traffic jam, the vehicles such as buses need to stop on the traffic lane 121 adjacent to the platform 13, so that passengers can get on or off the vehicle conveniently, and therefore, certain requirements are provided for the width of the traffic lane 121 adjacent to the platform 13 so as to meet the passing and stopping requirements of the vehicles such as buses. Generally, the width W of the traffic lane 121 adjacent to the platform 13 is not less than 3.5m, considering the width of different vehicles and the driving width required for changing lanes.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 4, the present application provides an underground docking station in which the platform 13 is 15cm to 20cm above the tunnel road 12. It will be appreciated that since the footrests of the vehicle are at a certain height from the tunnel road 12, the platform 13 should also be at a certain height from the tunnel road 12 in order to facilitate the passengers to get on and off the vehicle. Generally, the height difference H between the platform 13 and the tunnel road 12 is set to be 15 cm-20 cm according to the height of the vehicle foot board and the comprehensive consideration of the ergonomics.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 3, the present application provides an underground docking station wherein the width D of the docking station 13 is greater than or equal to 1.5 m. It will be appreciated that in order to meet the requirements of passengers for waiting and getting on and off, the width D of the platform 13 is required to meet certain dimensional requirements, and generally, the width D should be not less than 1.5 m.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 3, the length C of the platform 13 of the underground docking station provided by the present application needs to be determined according to the type of the vehicle and the number of the vehicles, and the length C of the platform 13 is generally not less than 15 m.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 3, the present application provides an underground parking station in which the shaft 2 further includes a partition wall 24 and the access ladder 22 includes an elevator 221 and a staircase 222. The partition wall 24 divides the shaft space 23 into at least an elevator space 231, a stair space 232, and a pedestrian space 233. The elevator 221 is disposed in an elevator space 231 and the stairway 222 is disposed in a stairway space 232. The pedestrian space 233 communicates with the cross-traffic space 33, and the bottoms of the elevator space 231 and the stair space 232 communicate with the pedestrian space 233. Specifically, passengers enter the pedestrian space 233 at the bottom of the shaft space 23 through the elevator 221 or the stairway 222, and the elevator space 231 is partitioned from the stairway space 232 by providing the partition wall 24. By providing the elevator 221 and the stairway 222, the passenger can preferably choose to take the elevator 221, and when the elevator 221 runs at full load during a traffic peak or when the elevator 221 fails, the passenger can choose the stairway 222.

In an embodiment not shown, the present application provides that the underground parking station can be provided with only the stair space 232 without the elevator space 231, thereby reducing the size of the shaft space 23 and further reducing the construction cost of the shaft 2.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1-4, the present application provides an underground docking station wherein the partition 24 further separates the shaft space 23 into a cable shaft 234 and a ventilation shaft 235. The stair space 232 and the elevator space 231 are respectively positioned at two sides of the pedestrian space 233, the cable shaft 234 is positioned at one side of the elevator space 231 close to the cross passage 3 or one side far away from the cross passage 3, and the ventilation shaft 235 is positioned at one side of the stair space 232 far away from the cross passage 3.

The elevator space 231 and the stairway space 232 are respectively provided at both sides of the pedestrian space 233 so that the pedestrian space 233 is in straight line communication with the crosswalk space 33, and the cable shaft 234 can be disposed using the slack space between the partition wall 24 of the stairway space 232 and the enclosure wall 21, and the ventilation shaft 235 can be disposed using the slack space between the partition wall 24 of the elevator space 231 and the enclosure wall 21 on the side away from the crosswalk 3. So, optimized the spatial layout of shaft 2 more, be favorable to saving space, the area on earth's surface road surface that occupies when reducing shaft 2 construction.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, 3 and 5, the underground docking station provided by the present application further includes a fire door 4, and the fire door 4 is disposed in the cross-through space 33. Through setting up fire door 4, separate into two fire prevention subregion with tunnel 1 and cross aisle 3 and shaft 2, in case one of them fire prevention subregion takes place the conflagration, close fire door 4 and can prevent that the intensity of a fire from stretching to the security performance of underground parking station has been improved.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 4, the present application provides an underground docking station in which the shaft 2 is disposed outside of a surface road 5. Such as the area of the green belt 6 or the green belt 6 and its space extending to the side away from the surface road 5, thereby facilitating passengers to access the underground parking station with the surface road, such as pedestrian walkways on both sides of the surface road 5, during operation of the underground parking station.

Another aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a method for building an underground docking station, please refer to fig. 6, for building the underground docking station provided in any one of the above embodiments. The construction method comprises the following steps:

s01, forming the tunnel 1 by adopting a shield construction method;

s02, constructing to form a vertical shaft 2;

and S03, constructing and forming a transverse channel 3 between the tunnel 1 and the shaft 2.

Specifically, when the tunnel 1 is formed by the shield construction, it is not necessary to receive and originate while passing through an underground stop. After the construction of the tunnel space 14 is completed, the platform 13 and the tunnel road 12 may be respectively formed by directly constructing in the tunnel space 14.

According to the method for constructing the underground docking station, the platform 13 is arranged in the tunnel space 14, so that the tunnel 1 can be constructed by adopting a shield method firstly during construction. In the construction process, multiple starting and receiving are not needed, so that the construction period is greatly shortened, the space of the ground surface road 5 is not occupied in the construction process, traffic is not needed to be dredged, and inconvenience is not caused to traffic.

Further, in an embodiment, referring to fig. 7, in the building method provided by the present application, the step of constructing and forming the transverse passage 3 between the tunnel 1 and the shaft 2 at S03 includes:

s04, constructing in the tunnel space 14 to form a temporary support to support the tunnel segment 11 around the transverse opening 111;

s05, removing the pipe pieces of the tunnel 1 at the transverse through hole 111 to form the transverse through hole 111;

s06, constructing the transverse through hole 111 to form the ring frame beam 32;

s07, removing the temporary support;

and S08, constructing by adopting a subsurface excavation method to form the lining wall 31.

It will be appreciated that prior to construction to form the transverse channels 3, it is necessary to remove portions of the tunnel segments 11 to form the transverse through-holes 111. Before removing part of the tunnel segment 11, temporary support should be constructed first to provide effective support for the tunnel segment 11 around the transverse opening 111, and prevent the tunnel segment 11 from dropping and collapsing. After the transverse through-hole 111 is constructed to form the ring frame beam 32, the ring frame beam 32 provides a supporting function for the tunnel segment 11 around the transverse through-hole 111, and at this time, the temporary support can be removed.

In an embodiment, in the construction method provided by the present application, in the step of constructing to form the shaft 2, the shaft 2 is constructed by using an open caisson method or an open cut method. Specifically, when the open caisson method is used for construction, the enclosure wall 21 of the prefabricated integral structure is locally submerged into the soil at the design position of the vertical shaft 2 before excavation, and then the enclosure wall 21 is excavated and simultaneously submerged under the shielding of the enclosure wall 21, and the enclosure wall 21 is correspondingly built until the depth of the vertical shaft 2 reaches the design depth.

When the shaft 2 is formed by open cut construction, firstly building a building enclosure at the design position of the shaft 2 before a foundation pit is formed by excavation, then building an inner support system of the foundation pit while excavating until the design depth of the shaft 2 is met, then starting building an enclosure 21 from bottom to top, and removing the inner support system of the foundation pit.

In an embodiment, in the construction method provided by the present application, in the step of constructing and forming the transverse passage 3, the lining wall 31 is constructed and formed by using a subsurface excavation method. Specifically, before the transverse passage space 33 is excavated, the preliminary bracing 311 needs to be formed at the designed position of the transverse passage 3, and then the excavation is performed again. Finally, the secondary lining 312 is formed inside the primary support 311 in the lateral passage space 33, and the primary support 311 and the secondary lining 312 together form the lining wall 31 of the lateral passage 3. The lining wall 31 is formed by the subsurface excavation method, so that the space of the surface road 5 is not occupied as in the open excavation method, and the construction period is shorter.

The various embodiments/implementations provided herein may be combined with each other without contradiction.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An underground docking station constructed below a surface highway, the underground docking station comprising:

2. The underground docking station of claim 1, wherein the lining wall comprises a primary support and a secondary lining disposed within the primary support.

3. The underground docking station of claim 1, wherein the tunnel road comprises two or more lanes, the width of the lanes adjacent to the docking station being greater than or equal to 3.5 m; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the width of the station is greater than or equal to 1.5 m.

4. The underground parking station of claim 1, wherein the shaft further comprises a partition wall, the access ladder comprising an elevator and a stairway, the partition wall dividing the shaft space into at least an elevator space, a stairway space, and a pedestrian space, the elevator being disposed within the elevator space, the stairway being disposed within the stairway space;

5. The underground docking station as claimed in claim 4, wherein the partition wall further separates the shaft space into a cable shaft and a ventilation shaft, the stairway space and the elevator space are respectively located at both sides of the pedestrian space, the cable shaft is located at a side of the elevator space close to the cross passage or a side far away from the cross passage, and the ventilation shaft is located at a side of the stairway space far away from the cross passage.

6. The underground docking station of claim 1, further comprising a fire door disposed within the cross-over space.

7. An underground docking station according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the shaft is arranged outside the surface road.

8. A method for constructing an underground docking station, the method being used for constructing an underground docking station as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising:

constructing to form the tunnel by adopting a shield method;

constructing to form the vertical shaft;

9. The method of constructing as claimed in claim 8, wherein the step of constructing the cross passage between the tunnel and the shaft comprises:

constructing and forming the ring frame beam at the transverse through hole;

removing the temporary support;

10. The construction method according to claim 8, wherein in the step of constructing to form the shaft, the shaft is constructed by using an open caisson method or an open cut method; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,