CN111585017A - Normal mode helical antenna - Google Patents
Normal mode helical antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN111585017A CN111585017A CN202010412284.0A CN202010412284A CN111585017A CN 111585017 A CN111585017 A CN 111585017A CN 202010412284 A CN202010412284 A CN 202010412284A CN 111585017 A CN111585017 A CN 111585017A
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- helical antenna
- normal mode
- helical
- antenna
- spiral line
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q11/02—Non-resonant antennas, e.g. travelling-wave antenna
- H01Q11/08—Helical antennas
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Abstract
The application provides a normal mode helical antenna, which comprises at least two helical line sections; the rotation directions of every two adjacent spiral line sections are opposite, and the length sum of the two adjacent spiral line sections is more than one half wavelength of the working frequency; the head and the tail of each two adjacent spiral line sections are connected through a reverse part. The application solves the technical problems that the existing normal mode helical antenna has small gain, and the radiation resistance is low, so that the normal mode helical antenna is difficult to be matched with a common 50 omega coaxial line, and the wide use of the normal mode helical antenna is limited.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of communication equipment, in particular to a normal mode helical antenna.
Background
The helical antenna is an antenna having a helical shape, and is composed of a metal helical line having a good electrical conductivity, and can be represented by a circumferential diameter d, a distance s between adjacent helical lines, and a number n of helical turns. The maximum radiation direction is related to the spiral parameter, when d is much smaller than one wavelength, the direction with the strongest radiation is vertical to the spiral axis, and the direction is called normal mode spiral; when the helix circumference pi d is around one wavelength, the strongest radiation occurs in the direction of the helix axis of rotation, referred to as axial mode helix. The classical application scenario of helical antennas requires that the trajectory of the end of its radiating far field electric field vector is projected on a plane perpendicular to the propagation direction as a circle or near-circle ellipse, usually with an axial ratio of less than 3dB as the criterion.
The normal mode helix is mainly applied to omnidirectional signal coverage, but the conventional normal mode helix antenna has small gain and low radiation resistance, so that the conventional normal mode helix antenna is difficult to be matched with a commonly-used 50-ohm coaxial line, and the technical problem of wide application of the normal mode helix antenna is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the application is to provide a normal direction mode helical antenna, it is little to have solved current normal direction mode helical antenna gain, and because of the radiation resistance is low, leads to it to be difficult to with the 50 omega coaxial line phase-matchs commonly used to the widely used technical problem of normal direction mode helical antenna has been restricted.
In view of the above, the present application provides a normal mode helical antenna, which includes at least two helical line segments;
the rotation directions of every two adjacent spiral line sections are opposite, and the length sum of the two adjacent spiral line sections is more than one half wavelength of the working frequency;
the head and the tail of each two adjacent spiral line sections are connected through a reverse part.
Further, the inversion portion is an inversion point.
Further, the number of the spiral line segments is an odd number greater than one.
Further, the length of the spiral line segment is one half wavelength of the working frequency.
Furthermore, the thread pitches of every two adjacent spiral line segments are different.
Further, the cross section of the wire body of the helical antenna is rectangular.
Further, the material of the spiral antenna is silver.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the application has the advantages that:
the application provides a normal mode helical antenna, which comprises a plurality of helical line sections, wherein the number of the helical line sections is odd; the rotation directions of every two adjacent spiral line sections are opposite, and the length sum of the two adjacent spiral line sections is more than one half wavelength of the working frequency; and a reverse point is arranged at the connecting part of each two adjacent spiral line sections.
The normal mode helical antenna comprises at least two helical line sections, wherein the rotation directions of every two adjacent helical line sections are opposite, the head and the tail of every two adjacent helical line sections are connected through an inversion part, and the propagation form of electricity in the helical antenna is alternating current, so that the current corresponding to the working frequency is inverted for every half wavelength, the propagation direction of the current in the normal mode helical antenna is changed, the head and the tail of the two adjacent helical line sections with opposite rotation directions are connected through the inversion part, and the currents of the helical line sections at the two ends of the inversion part are in the same direction after the direction of the current is changed, so that the current components in the horizontal direction are in the same direction; therefore, the electric field corresponding to the current horizontal component is enhanced, and under the condition of the same diameter and working frequency, compared with the conventional normal mode helical antenna, the antenna has larger gain, wider impedance bandwidth and higher radiation resistance, so that the antenna is more easily matched with a 50 omega coaxial line, and the technical problem that the conventional normal mode helical antenna has small gain, is difficult to be matched with the commonly used 50 omega coaxial line due to low radiation resistance, and limits the wide use of the normal mode helical antenna is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the detailed description of the present application or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a normal mode helical antenna having three helical segments according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a simplified diagram of the internal current distribution of a three-segment helical segment normal mode helical antenna in accordance with the practice of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a normal mode helical antenna having five helical segments according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a normal mode helical antenna according to a second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a partial structural view of a normal mode helical antenna provided in a second embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the conventional normal mode helical antenna, no matter the antenna is a right-handed helical antenna or a left-handed helical antenna, when the antenna is powered on, since the currents corresponding to the operating frequency are distributed sinusoidally, the currents are in opposite phases at each half wavelength position, so that the propagation directions of the currents are opposite, and almost most of electric fields corresponding to the currents in opposite phases are cancelled out when the antenna is applied to the conventional normal mode helical antenna. Taking a vertically placed right-handed normal mode helical antenna as an example, assuming that half wavelength is exactly equal to the length of one turn, the phases of the currents of the upper and lower turns at the same vertical position close to the observer are exactly opposite, if the current direction at the position point of the lower turn flows to the upper right along the helix angle, the current direction at the same vertical line position point of the upper turn flows to the lower left, the currents have the same magnitude and the same direction are opposite, the current at the position point of the lower turn can be decomposed into two components, namely, horizontal right and vertical up, and the current at the same vertical position point of the upper turn can be decomposed into two components, namely, horizontal left and vertical down. Therefore, in either the horizontal direction or the vertical direction, almost most of the electric fields corresponding to the current of the lower coil and the electric fields corresponding to the current of the upper coil cancel each other out, resulting in a low radiation resistance and an extremely narrow impedance bandwidth of the spiral coil.
The application discloses a first embodiment of a normal mode helical antenna, comprising a plurality of helical segments;
the rotating directions of every two adjacent spiral line segments are opposite, and the length sum of the two adjacent spiral line segments is more than one half wavelength of the working frequency;
the head and the tail of each two adjacent spiral line segments are connected through a reverse part.
In the following embodiments, the reversal portion is taken as an example of the reversal point, and the criterion of segment division between each spiral segment and the adjacent spiral segment in the present application is whether the direction of rotation is opposite to that of the adjacent spiral segment, and if parameters such as the inner diameter, the pitch, or the helix angle of a certain spiral portion are changed but the direction of rotation is not opposite, the spiral portion is still defined as a section of the spiral segment. The normal mode helical antenna of the application all adopts the mode of difference feed to encourage in the intermediate position of structure, and the feed point is located normal mode helical antenna's middle part, and the spiral line section is more, and then helical antenna's reversal number of times is more, and radiation resistance to helical antenna improves more, and the gain is stronger, can adopt the helical antenna of corresponding quantity spiral line section to use according to actual conditions's demand, and the quantity of spiral line section is preferred to be greater than the odd number of one.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a normal mode helical antenna with three helical line segments according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where fig. 1 includes three helical line segments, the helical line segments at the upper and lower ends are in a left-handed direction, and the helical line segment in the middle is in a right-handed direction; the spiral line segment is provided with two reversal points which are respectively positioned on the parts where the spiral line segments at the upper end and the lower end are respectively connected with the middle spiral line segment, namely a first reversal point 1 and a second reversal point 2; because the sum of the lengths of two adjacent spiral line segments is greater than one half wavelength of the working frequency, and each half wavelength of the corresponding current is opposite, the current in one spiral line segment is opposite to the current in the other spiral line segment in phase. Taking a spiral line segment formed by combining a left-handed spiral line segment at the lower end and a right-handed spiral line segment in the middle as an example, if the current direction of a certain first position point of the spiral line segment flows to the upper left along the helix angle, a certain second position point on the same vertical line with the first position point is present in the right-handed spiral line segment, and the current of the second position point is opposite to the current of the first position point, because the rotation direction of the spiral line segment is opposite, the current direction of the second position point flows to the lower left along the spiral direction, the current of the first position point can be split into a horizontal left component and a vertical upward component, and the current of the second position point can be split into a horizontal left component and a vertical downward component, so that electric fields corresponding to the horizontal direction are mutually superposed and strengthened, and the technical effect of strengthening the radiation capacity is achieved, referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an internal current distribution of a normal mode helical antenna with three helical segments in an embodiment of the present application; referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a normal mode helical antenna having five helical segments according to an embodiment of the present application, where the schematic structural diagram includes a third inversion point 3, a fourth inversion point 4, a fifth inversion point 5, a sixth inversion point 6, a seventh inversion point 7, and five helical segments, and the principle of the five helical segments is the same as that of the three helical segments, and is not described herein again.
The normal mode helical antenna comprises at least two helical line sections, wherein the rotation directions of every two adjacent helical line sections are opposite, the head and the tail of every two adjacent helical line sections are connected through an inversion part, and the propagation form of electricity in the helical antenna is alternating current, so that the current corresponding to the working frequency is inverted for every half wavelength, the propagation direction of the current in the normal mode helical antenna is changed, the head and the tail of the two adjacent helical line sections with opposite rotation directions are connected through the inversion part, and the currents of the helical line sections at the two ends of the inversion part are in the same direction after the direction of the current is changed, so that the current components in the horizontal direction are in the same direction; therefore, the electric field corresponding to the current horizontal component is enhanced, and under the condition of the same diameter and working frequency, compared with the conventional normal mode helical antenna, the antenna has larger gain, wider impedance bandwidth and higher radiation resistance, so that the antenna is more easily matched with a 50 omega coaxial line, and the technical problem that the conventional normal mode helical antenna has small gain, is difficult to be matched with the commonly used 50 omega coaxial line due to low radiation resistance, and limits the wide use of the normal mode helical antenna is solved.
The above is a first embodiment of a normal mode helical antenna provided herein, and the following is a second embodiment of a normal mode helical antenna provided herein.
A normal mode helical antenna comprises a plurality of helical line sections, wherein the number of the helical line sections is odd;
the rotating directions of every two adjacent spiral line segments are opposite, and the length sum of the two adjacent spiral line segments is more than one half wavelength of the working frequency;
the head and the tail of each two adjacent spiral line segments are connected through an inversion part, and the inversion part is an inversion point.
As a further improvement, the length of the helical line segment of the normal mode helical antenna is one-half wavelength of the conducted current.
Specifically, since the current is inverted every half wavelength, when the length of the spiral segment is exactly one-half wavelength, the current phase is opposite when passing through the reversal point, the current phase in each spiral segment is exactly opposite to the current phase of the adjacent spiral segment, so that the current of any vertically corresponding position point of two adjacent spiral line segments is mutually superposed and strengthened on the horizontal component, thereby maximally enhancing the gain of two adjacent spiral line segments, increasing the impedance bandwidth, and increasing the radiation resistance, please refer to fig. 4 and 5, figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a normal mode helical antenna according to a second embodiment of the present application, the direction of the arrow in the figure indicates the direction of current, and fig. 5 is a partial structural diagram of a normal mode helical antenna provided in a second embodiment of the present application, in which the direction of the arrow indicates the direction of current.
As a further improvement, the normal mode helical antenna provided by the application has different helix angles of every two adjacent helical line segments.
Specifically, the lead angles of adjacent spiral line segments are different, and taking a spiral line segment composed of a left-handed spiral line segment at the lower end and a right-handed spiral line segment at the middle portion in the normal mode spiral antenna in fig. 4 as an example, if the lead angle of the left-handed spiral line segment at the lower end is smaller than the lead angle of the right-handed spiral line segment at the middle portion, if the current direction of a certain first position point of the left-handed spiral line segment in the spiral line segment flows to the upper left along the lead angle, the current direction of a second position point vertically corresponding to the first position point in the right-handed spiral line segment is: flows to the lower left along the direction of the right-handed helix. The right-handed helix segment has a helix angle greater than that of the left-handed helix segment, so that the current at the second position point has a component in the horizontal direction greater than that of the first position point, and the current at the second position point has a component in the vertical direction less than that of the first position point, so that the corresponding electric fields in the vertical direction do not cancel each other completely.
As further improvement, the cross section of the wire body of the normal mode helical antenna provided by the embodiment of the application is rectangular, and the rectangular cross section is adopted to enable the helical antenna to be more convenient to process (3D metal printing) and produce, so that the production cost is reduced.
As a further improvement, the material of the normal mode helical antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application is a silver material, and the silver material has very excellent conductivity, which is beneficial to increase of current and further improvement of radiation resistance and gain of the helical antenna.
The normal mode helical antenna in the embodiment of the application has the characteristics of high gain, wide bandwidth, high radiation resistance and the like, can be applied to independent work of various devices, and can also be used as an array unit to form a high-gain omnidirectional array antenna group, an end-fire array antenna group and the like.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. A normal mode helical antenna is characterized by comprising at least two helical line sections;
the rotation directions of every two adjacent spiral line sections are opposite, and the length sum of the two adjacent spiral line sections is more than one half wavelength of the working frequency;
the head and the tail of each two adjacent spiral line sections are connected through a reverse part.
2. The normal mode helical antenna of claim 1, wherein said inversion location is an inversion point.
3. The normal-mode helical antenna of claim 1, wherein the number of helical line segments is an odd number greater than one.
4. The normal-mode helical antenna of claim 1, wherein the length of said helical line segment is one-half wavelength of the operating frequency.
5. The normal mode helical antenna of claim 1, wherein the helix angle of each adjacent two of the helical segments is different.
6. The normal-mode helical antenna of claim 1, wherein a cross-section of a wire body of the helical antenna is rectangular.
7. The normal mode helical antenna of claim 1, wherein the material of the helical antenna is silver.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010412284.0A CN111585017A (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2020-05-15 | Normal mode helical antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010412284.0A CN111585017A (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2020-05-15 | Normal mode helical antenna |
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| CN111585017A true CN111585017A (en) | 2020-08-25 |
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| CN202010412284.0A Pending CN111585017A (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2020-05-15 | Normal mode helical antenna |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113097744A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-09 | 广东工业大学 | Directional circular polarization spiral array antenna and double circular polarization spiral array antenna |
| CN113131201A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-16 | 广东工业大学 | Self-offset type omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna |
| CN113131200A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-16 | 广东工业大学 | Omnidirectional circularly polarized spiral antenna with folding structure |
| CN113300093A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-08-24 | 广东工业大学 | Omnidirectional circularly polarized radiation medium helical antenna |
| CN113314836A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-08-27 | 广东工业大学 | Omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna with coupling structure |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113097744A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-09 | 广东工业大学 | Directional circular polarization spiral array antenna and double circular polarization spiral array antenna |
| CN113131201A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-16 | 广东工业大学 | Self-offset type omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna |
| CN113131200A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-16 | 广东工业大学 | Omnidirectional circularly polarized spiral antenna with folding structure |
| CN113314836A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-08-27 | 广东工业大学 | Omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna with coupling structure |
| CN113300093A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-08-24 | 广东工业大学 | Omnidirectional circularly polarized radiation medium helical antenna |
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Application publication date: 20200825 |