LU502551B1 - High-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling - Google Patents

High-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling Download PDF

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Publication number
LU502551B1
LU502551B1 LU502551A LU502551A LU502551B1 LU 502551 B1 LU502551 B1 LU 502551B1 LU 502551 A LU502551 A LU 502551A LU 502551 A LU502551 A LU 502551A LU 502551 B1 LU502551 B1 LU 502551B1
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Luxembourg
Prior art keywords
array
sub
array element
helical
main
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LU502551A
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German (de)
Inventor
Huacheng Li
Zhenxin Hu
Shiyan Wang
Guohao Zhang
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Synergy Innovation Inst Of Gdut Heyuan
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/28—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/362—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith for broadside radiating helical antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling, including a main array element and several sub-array elements; the main array element is provided with a feeding network; the sub-array elements are not provided with a feeding network, the sub-array elements are coaxially arrayed at upper and lower ends of the main array element, and the two ends of the main array element and the sub-array elements are not connected with each other. The present disclosure not only effectively solves the problem of low gain of the traditional standing wave resonant antenna, but also has small volume and simple structure, without additional feeding network, which greatly reduces the difficulty of processing and is easier to be applied in most planar circuits.

Description

BL-5537
HIGH-GAIN OMNIDIRECTIONAL CIRCULARLY POLARIZED ARRAY LUS02551
ANTENNA BASED ON ARRAY ELEMENT COUPLING
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to a field of wireless communication technology, in particular to a high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling.
BACKGROUND ART
[0002] The continuous progress of wireless communication technology promotes the development of wireless communication devices towards high performance, miniaturization and multi-purpose. As an essential component in wireless communication system, the antenna has put forward higher and higher requirements for the performance. Normal mode helical antenna is widely used in satellite navigation, wireless LAN and other scenarios because of advantages of simple structure and easy to realize omnidirectional circular polarization.
[0003] Helical antenna is a kind of standing wave resonant antenna with spiral shape, which is wound from a metal wire with good electrical conductivity. The structural parameters can be expressed by a circumference diameter D, a distance s between adjacent helical wires and the number of helical turn n. The normal mode helix requires that the circumference diameter d of the helical wire is much smaller than one wavelength, so the strongest radiation direction is in a plane perpendicular to the helix axis. The helical antenna can work in a circular polarization mode. Compared with other types of omnidirectional circularly polarized antennas, the axial specific bandwidth is wider and the omnidirectionality is better, but the radiation resistance is low and the bandwidth is extremely narrow after matching. The existing technology attempts to improve the resistance of the normal circularly polarized helix by adopting inversion, folding, coupling and other structures, such as patent number: 202110656217.8, an omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna with a coupling structure improves the radiation impedance and the bandwidth after matching without increasing the volume. However, the gain index of the existing helical antenna has not been significantly improved, only about 2dBi, which cannot meet most practical application requirements, limiting the wide use of circularly polarization normal mode helical antenna. However, in order to improve the gain of helical antenna, the existing helical antenna is often bulky and complex in structure. Therefore, it is necessary to further improve the gain in order to find a high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarization antenna structure with smaller volume and simple structure on the basis of ensuring omnidirectional circularly polarization radiation.
SUMMARY
[0004] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling, which has simple structure and does not need to add an additional feeding network.
[0005] The technical scheme of the present disclosure is realized as follows: 1
BL-5537
[0006] A high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array LU502551 element coupling includes a main array element and several sub-array elements; the main array element is provided with a feeding network; the sub-array elements are not provided with a feeding network, the sub-array elements are coaxially arrayed at upper and lower ends of the main array element, and the two ends of the main array element and the sub-array elements are not connected with each other.
[0007] Further, an equidistant h-coaxial array is set between each of two sub-array elements, and the number of sub-array elements at the upper and lower ends of the main array element is equal and symmetrically distributed, h=0.1~0.3.
[0008] Preferably, the two ends of the main array element and the sub-array elements are set at an equal distance h1 , and the distance hı =0.1~0.3%.
[0009] Preferably, axes of the sub-array elements and the main array element are the same.
[0010] Further, the main array element and the sub-array elements are both wound by several helical wires, and the helical wires are not connected with each other.
[0011] Further, the main array element comprises at least two helical wires, one of which is a feeding helical wire, the other is an unfeeded helical wire, and the feeding helical wire is coupled with the unfeeded helical wire to generate current.
[0012] Further, helical axes of the multiple helical wires in each sub-array element are the same, or partially coplanar, or partially collinear; the number of the helical wires between each sub-array element is all equal or partially equal.
[0013] Further, a diameter D of each helical wires in the sub-array elements is equal, and D<0.18X, and as the diameter D of the helical wire in the sub-array elements increases, the number of helical turns decreases when the number of helical segments remains unchanged.
[0014] Further, a helical wound section of the main array element and the sub-array elements is any one of circle, square or polygon.
[0015] Preferably, the sub-array elements are formed by winding three helical wires, and a helical wound section of the main array element and sub-array elements 1s quadrilateral.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present disclosure has the following beneficial effects:
[0017] Aiming at the problem of low gain of omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna, the present disclosure proposes a high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling. By adopting the coaxial array architecture, the sub-array elements without a feeding network are electromagnetically coupled with the main array element with a feeding network, and the sub-array elements generate coupling effect with the electromagnetic energy radiated by the main array element in space, at the same time, with the increase of the number of sub-array elements at the upper and lower ends of the main array element, the gain of the main array element gradually increases, so as to effectively improve the gain of the omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna while maintaining the characteristics of omnidirectional circularly polarized radiation. The volume is small and the structure is simple, and the additional feeding network does not need. 2
BL-5537
[0018] The present disclosure not only effectively solves the problem of low gain of LU502551 the traditional standing wave resonant antenna, but also the formed coaxial array can be a quadrilateral spiral wound structure, which greatly reduces the processing difficulty and is easier to be applied in most planar circuits.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a geometric structure of a high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarization array helical antenna with a circular cross section according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0020] Fig. 2 is a side view of sub-array elements #1-1 of the high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarization array helical antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0021] Fig. 3 is a top view of the sub-array elements #1-1 of the high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarization array helical antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0022] Fig. 4 is a normalized pattern of a change in the number of sub-array elements of the high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarization array helical antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
[0023] Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a geometric structure of the high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarization array helical antenna with a quadrilateral cross section according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0024] In order to better understand the technical content of the present disclosure, specific embodiments are provided below to further explain the present disclosure.
[0025] The experimental methods used in the embodiments of the present disclosure are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
[0026] Materials, reagents, etc. used in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be obtained from commercial sources unless otherwise specified.
[0027] Embodiment 1
[0028] A high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling includes a main array element and several sub-array elements which are all wound by metals with good conductivity. The main array element is provided with a feeding network and can work independently. The sub-array elements are not provided with a feeding network, the sub-array elements are coaxially arrayed at upper and lower ends of the main array element, and the two ends of the main array element and the sub-array elements are not connected with each other.
[0029] Embodiment 2
[0030] A high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling includes a main array element and several sub-array elements which are all wound by metals with good conductivity. The main array element is provided with a feeding network and can work independently. The sub-array elements are not provided with a feeding network, the sub-array elements are coaxially arrayed at upper and lower ends of the main array element, and axes of the sub-array elements and the 3
BL-5537 main array element are the same. LU502551
[0031] The two ends of the main array element and the sub-array elements are not connected with each other, the two ends of the main array element and the sub-array elements are set at an equal distance hi, and the distance hı =0.1-0.3%.
[0032] An equidistant h-coaxial array is set between each of two sub-array elements, the spacing between the array elements is represented by h, h=0.1~0.3%, and the number of sub-array elements at the upper and lower ends of the main array element is equal and symmetrically distributed.
[0033] Embodiment 3
[0034] A high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling includes a main array element and several sub-array elements, which are all wound by several metal helical wires with good conductivity and the helical wires are not connected with each other. The main array element is provided with a feeding network and can work independently; wherein, the main array element includes at least two helical wires, one of which is a feeding helical wire, the other is an unfeeded helical wire, and the feeding helical wire is coupled with the unfeeded helical wire to generate current.
[0035] The sub-array elements are coaxially arrayed at upper and lower ends of the main array element, and axes of the sub-array elements and the main array element are the same. The two ends of the main array element and the sub-array elements are not connected with each other, the two ends of the main array element and the sub-array elements are set at an equal distance hi , and the distance hı =0.1~0.3A.
[0036] The sub-array elements are not provided with a feeding network, helical axes of the multiple helical wires in each sub-array element are the same, or partially coplanar, or partially collinear; the number of the helical wires between each sub-array element is all equal or partially equal. A diameter D of each helical wires in the sub-array elements is equal, and D<0.18A, and as the diameter D of the helical wire in the sub-array elements increases, the number of helical turns decreases when the number of helical segments remains unchanged.
[0037] An equidistant h-coaxial array is set between each of two sub-array elements, the spacing between the array elements is represented by h, h=0.1~0.3%, and the number of sub-array elements at the upper and lower ends of the main array element is equal and symmetrically distributed.
[0038] Embodiment 4
[0039] As shown in Fig. 4, a high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling includes a main array element and several sub-array elements, which are all wound by several metal helical wires with good conductivity and the helical wires are not connected with each other. A helical wound section of the main array element and the sub-array elements is circular. The main array element is provided with a feeding network and can work independently; the main array element includes two helical wires, one of which is a feeding helical wire, the other is an unfeeded helical wire, and the feeding helical wire is coupled with the unfeeded helical wire to generate current.
[0040] The sub-array elements are coaxially arrayed at upper and lower ends of the 4
BL-5537 main array element, respectively including #1 —#n sub-array elements at the upper end LU502551 and #1-1—#n-n sub-array elements at the lower end. The helical axis of the sub-array element is the same as that of the main array element. The two ends of the main array element and the sub-array elements are not connected with each other. The two ends of the main array element and the sub-array elements are set at an equal distance hı , and the distance h1=0.3A.
[0041] The sub-array elements are not provided with a feeding network, as shown in
Fig. 2, the sub-array elements are wound by three helical wires QD, @ and ©, and the spacing between two adjacent helical wires is g<0.05A. The helical axes of multiple helical wires in each sub-array element are the same. The number of helical wires between each sub-array element is equal. As shown in Fig. 3, a diameters D of the three helical wires in the sub-array elements are equal, and D<0.18%, the length of the three helical wires can be different, and as the diameter D of the helical wire in the sub-array elements increases, the number of helical turn decreases when the number of helical segments remains unchanged. Control the number of the helical wires of the sub-array elements to achieve good impedance matching. When the number of the helical wires of the sub-array elements is 3, the array antenna is best matched with a port with 50 ohm.
[0042] An equidistant coaxial array is set between each of two sub-array elements, the spacing between the array elements is represented by h, h=0.3A, and the number of sub-array elements at the upper and lower ends of the main array element is equal and symmetrically distributed. The sub-array elements are coupled with the electromagnetic energy radiated by the main array element in space to improve the gain of the main array element antenna. As the number of the sub-array elements increases from 1(#1-1) to n(#n-n), the gain of the main array element gradually increases. As shown in Fig. 4, when the number of the sub-array element is n=2, the gain of the main array element is 2dB higher than that when the number of the original sub-array element is n=0, and the total height is only about one wavelength at this time. When the number of array elements continues to increase, the gain is further improved.
[0043] Embodiment 5
[0044] As shown in Fig. 5, a high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling includes a main array element and several sub-array elements, which are all wound by several metal helical wires with good conductivity and the helical wires are not connected with each other. A helical wound section of the main array element and the sub-array elements is quadrilateral. The main array element is provided with a feeding network and can work independently; the main array element includes three helical wires, one of which is a feeding helical wire, the other is an unfeeded helical wire, and the feeding helical wire is coupled with the unfeeded helical wire to generate current.
[0045] The sub-array elements are coaxially arrayed at upper and lower ends of the main array element, respectively including #1 —#n sub-array elements at the upper end and #1-1—#n-n sub-array elements at the lower end. The helical axis of the sub-array element is the same as that of the main array element. The two ends of the main array element and the sub-array elements are not connected with each other. The two ends of the main array element and the sub-array elements are set at an equal distance hı , and 5
BL-5537 the distance hy =0.1A. LU502551
[0046] The sub-array elements are not provided with a feeding network, the helical axes of the multiple helical wires in each sub-array element are partially equal and partially collinear. The number of the helical wires between each sub-array element is equal. A diameters D of the each helical wire in the sub-array elements are equal,
D<0.18), and as the diameter D of the helical wire in the sub-array elements increases, the number of helical turns decreases when the number of helical segments remains unchanged. Control the number of the helical wires of the sub-array elements to achieve good impedance matching. When the number of the helical wires of the sub-array elements is 3, the array antenna is best matched with a port with 50 ohm.
[0047] An equidistant coaxial array is set between each of two sub-array elements, the spacing between the array elements is represented by h, h=0.1%, and the number of sub-array elements at the upper and lower ends of the main array element is equal and symmetrically distributed.
[0048] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure shall be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure. 6

Claims (10)

BL-5537 CLAIMS LU502551
1. A high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling, comprising a main array element and several sub-array elements; the main array element is provided with a feeding network; the sub-array elements are not provided with a feeding network, the sub-array elements are coaxially arrayed at upper and lower ends of the main array element, and the two ends of the main array element and the sub-array elements are not connected with each other.
2. The high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling according to claim 1, wherein an equidistant h-coaxial array is set between each of two sub-array elements, and the number of sub-array elements at the upper and lower ends of the main array element is equal and symmetrically distributed.
3. The high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling according to claim 1, wherein the two ends of the main array element and the sub-array elements are set at an equal distance hi; , and the distance hi—
0.1~0.3A.
4. The high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling according to claim 1, wherein axes of the sub-array elements and the main array element are the same.
5. The high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling according to claim 1, wherein the main array element and the sub-array elements are both wound by several helical wires, and the helical wires are not connected with each other.
6. The high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling according to claim 5, wherein the main array element comprises at least two helical wires, one of which is a feeding helical wire, the other is an unfeeded helical wire, and the feeding helical wire is coupled with the unfeeded helical wire to generate current.
7. The high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling according to claim 5, wherein helical axes of the multiple helical wires in each sub-array element are the same, or partially coplanar, or partially collinear; the number of the helical wires between each sub-array element is all equal or partially equal.
8. The high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling according to claim 5, wherein a diameter D of each helical wires in the sub-array elements is equal, and D<0.18A, and as the diameter D of the helical wire in the sub-array elements increases, the number of helical turns decreases when the 7
BL-5537 number of helical segments remains unchanged. LU502551
9. The high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling according to claim 5, wherein a helical wound section of the main array element and the sub-array elements is any one of circle, square or polygon.
10. The high-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling according to claim 5, wherein the sub-array elements are formed by winding three helical wires, and a helical wound section of the main array element and sub-array elements is quadrilateral. 8
LU502551A 2022-01-21 2022-07-22 High-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling LU502551B1 (en)

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CN115149280A (en) * 2022-08-31 2022-10-04 广东工业大学 Co-aperture omnidirectional double-circular-polarization spiral array antenna

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