CN111577318A - Tunnel long-distance excavation supporting construction device suitable for model test - Google Patents
Tunnel long-distance excavation supporting construction device suitable for model test Download PDFInfo
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- CN111577318A CN111577318A CN202010304189.9A CN202010304189A CN111577318A CN 111577318 A CN111577318 A CN 111577318A CN 202010304189 A CN202010304189 A CN 202010304189A CN 111577318 A CN111577318 A CN 111577318A
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- front baffle
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/005—Testing of complete machines, e.g. washing-machines or mobile phones
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/008—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass by doing functionality tests
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a long-distance tunnel excavation supporting construction device suitable for a model test, which comprises a push rod mechanism and a mould building ring mechanism, wherein the push rod mechanism is connected with a push rod mechanism; the push rod mechanism comprises a front baffle, a square sliding rod and a round sliding rod which are sequentially connected, a first sliding control ring is sleeved on the square sliding rod, and a first sliding push rod is connected to the first sliding control ring; the mould building ring mechanism comprises a mould building ring bottom plate, a fixed support, a second sliding control ring, a second sliding push rod and a positioning slurry blocking plate; the front end of the molded ring bottom plate is clamped with the front baffle through a molded ring positioning clamping groove; the scheme replaces a supporting simulation means using a die casting method or iron sheet supporting, vividly presents the actual construction process of the tunnel indoors, the supporting construction device is ingenious in structural design, reasonable in layout and convenient to operate, effectively shortens the simulation time of a model test, improves the simulation efficiency, enables the steps and the results of the indoor model test to be more appropriate to the actual tunnel construction engineering, and has higher practical application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction simulation experiments, in particular to a long-distance tunnel excavation supporting construction device and method suitable for model tests.
Background
Along with the rapid development of underground rail transit in China, the number of tunnels is also increased rapidly, and China now steps into the large-country row of tunnels. In order to control the stress change of surrounding rocks and the safety of an underground structure during tunnel excavation, primary support is usually needed to bear most of loads of an overlying stratum, and a secondary lining only plays a role of safety equipment in tunnel construction.
If the main research means for researching the tunnel engineering construction is as follows: theoretical analysis, field investigation, model test and numerical simulation, wherein the model test is a qualitative research means and can effectively simulate regularity conclusion in actual construction; however, in general, the construction and parameters are idealized in the simulation, thereby affecting the effectiveness of the conclusions. In the current indoor model test, prefabricated iron sheets with specific sizes are usually adopted as primary supports, similar materials are molded to be used as secondary linings, both the prefabricated iron sheets and the secondary linings are prefabricated and are installed in blocks or from inside to outside after excavation, and the construction scheme is not in line with the construction scheme of excavation and supporting in actual construction; particularly, the installation and the construction of the support during the simulation of the excavation of a long tunnel become the difficulty of model test.
Based on the above problems, a new technical means is needed to be proposed to be closer to the actual supporting construction method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a long-distance tunnel excavation support construction device suitable for model tests, which can continuously support and control the step length, can effectively withdraw and is closer to the actual support construction method, in order to solve the problems that the related technology in the existing model test operation is not in line with the actual construction scheme of supporting while excavating, and the phenomena and problems encountered in the actual construction can not be visually presented in the actual tunnel engineering construction research.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a long-distance tunnel excavation supporting construction device suitable for model tests comprises a push rod mechanism and a mould building ring mechanism;
the push rod mechanism comprises a front baffle, a square sliding rod and a round sliding rod which are sequentially connected, a first sliding control ring is sleeved on the square sliding rod, and a first sliding push rod is connected to the first sliding control ring;
the front baffle comprises a baffle A and a baffle B which are arranged diagonally, and adjacent baffles A and B are engaged in a staggered manner to form a sealing joint seam; the root of the front baffle is connected with the end part of the square sliding rod through the rotary hinge, and the front baffle can rotate forwards or backwards along the central shaft of the rotary hinge under the action of external force; the inner side of the front baffle is connected with the first sliding control ring through a folding transmission rod, a control folding is arranged at the connecting end point, the first sliding control ring slides back and forth along the square sliding rod under the control of the first sliding push rod to drive the folding transmission rod to lift or pull back the front baffle, so that the folding or unfolding of the front baffle is realized;
the two first sliding control rings comprise a back-pull control ring and a front-push control ring, the front and back synchronous folding of the partition blocks of the baffle A and the baffle B is respectively controlled, and correspondingly, the first sliding push rod comprises a back-pull sliding push rod and a front-push sliding push rod;
the mould building ring mechanism comprises a mould building ring bottom plate, a fixed support, a second sliding control ring, a second sliding push rod and a positioning slurry blocking plate; the inner side of the front baffle is provided with a molded ring positioning clamping groove, the front end of a molded ring bottom plate is clamped into the molded ring positioning clamping groove to realize positioning, a fixed support is fixedly connected with the molded ring bottom plate and slides back and forth on a circular sliding rod through a second sliding control ring, and a second sliding push rod is controlled outside the hole to control; the surface of the bottom plate of the molding ring is provided with a plurality of grouting ports, the grouting ports are connected with a slurry conveying pipe through grouting pipes, and the grouting of a molding space is realized through certain grouting pressure;
the positioning slurry blocking plate is arranged on the molded ring bottom plate, the molded ring bottom plate is fastened on the molded ring bottom plate by fastening bolts, disassembly and displacement are realized by adjusting bolts, and grouting is performed at a hole opening (namely primary grouting support) through grouting in a space D formed by the front baffle plate, the side wall of the tunnel, the molded ring bottom plate and the positioning slurry blocking plate; the supporting mode in the hole is as follows: grouting is carried out in a closed space formed by the front baffle, the side wall of the tunnel, the mould ring bottom plate and the mould formed by the previous grouting step, so that the construction mode of excavating and supporting simultaneously is realized.
Furthermore, the propulsion mechanism also comprises a locking structure, the locking structure comprises a locking transmission shaft, a locking clamp and a locking control knob, the locking clamp and the locking control knob are respectively and correspondingly arranged at two ends of the locking transmission shaft, the locking control knob and the locking clamp are connected through the locking transmission shaft, the circular sliding rod and the square sliding rod are both of a hollow structure, and the locking transmission shaft is arranged inside the circular sliding rod and the square sliding rod;
the locking clamp is arranged on the front side of the front baffle, a hollow part C is further formed in the front baffle, the locking clamp realizes folding unlocking or unfolding fixing of the front baffle under the control of the locking control knob, limiting clamp teeth are further arranged inside the circular sliding rod and the square sliding rod, and clamp teeth meshed with the limiting clamp teeth are arranged on the locking transmission shaft; the locking control knob overcomes the occlusion force of the limiting latch to drive the locking transmission shaft to rotate, so that the locking clip can rotate, and when the locking clip rotates to the position of the hollow part C of the front baffle plate during folding, the baffle plate A and the baffle plate B can rotate and fold; when the locking is carried out, the baffle A is limited, and then the position of the baffle B is locked, so that the unfolding and the fixing are realized.
Furthermore, a sliding support ring is sleeved on the circular sliding rod and is fixedly connected with the first sliding push rod;
the sliding support ring comprises two sliding support rings, the sliding support rings correspond to the pushing rods which are pulled backwards and pushed forwards respectively, sliding positioning grooves are further formed in the circular sliding rods along the length direction of the circular sliding rods, the inner sides of the sliding support rings are provided with positioning protrusions matched with the sliding positioning grooves, the first sliding support rings are guaranteed to move along a straight line, and stable operation is achieved.
Furthermore, the shape of the front baffle is matched with the shape of the section of the tunnel, and a circular or horseshoe-shaped structure is adopted.
Further, in order to adapt to the unevenness of tunnel excavation cave wall, set up the viscidity elastic layer in the baffle border outside before and carry out the shutoff, for example adopt the sponge, prevent that the thick liquid from flowing out.
The technical proposal can further solve the problems that the prior art,
compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the support construction scheme provided by the invention is used for simulating primary support or secondary lining construction of a long-distance tunnel after excavation in an indoor model test, replaces a support simulation means using a die casting method or an iron sheet support, vividly presents the actual construction process of the tunnel indoors, has ingenious structural design, reasonable layout and convenient operation, effectively shortens the simulation time of the model test, improves the simulation efficiency, enables the steps and results of the indoor model test to be more close to the actual tunnel construction engineering, and has higher practical application value.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a support construction device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a push rod mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a mold ring building mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a supporting and constructing device designed for different tunnel forms in embodiment 1 of the present invention, (a) is applicable to a circular tunnel; (b) is suitable for horseshoe-shaped tunnels;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a folding structure in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view illustrating a folded and withdrawn state of the front bezel in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a locking structure according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a supporting construction process in embodiment 2 of the present invention, (a) is a schematic diagram of a cave entrance model building, and (b) is a schematic diagram of a cave interior model building; (c) is a folding exit diagram.
Detailed Description
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, wherein the positional directions such as "front" and "rear" are shown in fig. 1, and the left side is front, i.e., the forward direction of construction is front, but the present invention can be implemented in other ways than those described herein, and thus, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Embodiment 1, a support construction device for long-distance tunnel excavation suitable for model tests, the support construction device comprising a push rod mechanism and a mould ring mechanism;
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the push rod mechanism comprises a front baffle 1, a square sliding rod 8, a round sliding rod 9 and a locking structure, the front baffle 1, the square sliding rod 8 and the round sliding rod 9 are sequentially connected, the round sliding rod 9 and the square sliding rod 8 are both of a hollow structure, a first sliding control ring 4 is further arranged on the square sliding rod 8, the first sliding control ring 4 is sleeved on the square sliding rod 8, a first sliding push rod 6 is connected to the first sliding control ring 4, and the round sliding rod 9 is welded with the square sliding rod 8;
the front baffle 1 comprises a baffle A and a baffle B which are arranged diagonally, and as can be seen from fig. 1, the adjacent baffles A and B are engaged in a staggered manner to form a joint seam with good sealing performance; the front baffle 1 is also provided with a hollow part C to be matched with the locking structure, so that the front baffle 1 can be folded, unfolded and fixed better;
the root of the front baffle 1 is connected with the end part of a square sliding rod 8 through a rotary hinge 5 (one half structure of the rotary hinge 5 is welded with the root of the front baffle 1, the other half structure is welded at the front end of the square sliding rod 8, the two half structures are sleeved through a middle shaft, as shown in figure 5), the front baffle 1 realizes forward or backward rotation along the middle shaft of the rotary hinge 5 under the action of external force, the inner side of the front baffle 1 and the surface of a first sliding control ring 4 are provided with a control hinge 2 (the structure of the control hinge 2 is similar to that of the rotary hinge 5), the front baffle 1 is connected with the first sliding control ring 4 through a hinge transmission rod 3, under the control of a first sliding push rod 6, the first sliding control ring 4 slides back and forth along the square sliding rod 8 to drive the hinge transmission rod 3 to lift up or pull back the front baffle 1, so as to realize folding or unfolding of the front baffle 1, as, the two first sliding control rings 4 are arranged, and include a back-pull control ring 41 and a front-push control ring 42 (back-pull and front-push only indicate synchronous action reverse, but not limited to back-pull or front-push), which respectively control the front and back synchronous folding of the partition plates a and B, and correspondingly, the first sliding push rod 6 includes a back-pull sliding push rod 61 and a front-push sliding push rod 62, and the folding of the front baffle plate 1 can be realized by controlling the front and back pushing of the first sliding push rod 6 outside the hole (one pair of sides forward and one pair of sides backward), that is, fig. 6 is a schematic state diagram.
Continuing to refer to fig. 2, in order to realize better operation, a sliding support ring 7 is further sleeved on the circular sliding rod 9, the sliding support ring 7 is fixedly connected with the first sliding push rod 6 (similarly, the sliding support ring 7 comprises two sliding support rings which are respectively connected with the rear-pull sliding push rod 61 and the front-push sliding push rod 62 correspondingly), so that the functions of supporting and borrowing are achieved, a sliding positioning groove 10 is further formed in the circular sliding rod 9 along the length direction of the circular sliding rod, a positioning protrusion matched with the sliding positioning groove 10 is arranged on the inner side of the sliding support ring 7, the first sliding push rod 6 is ensured to move along a straight line, and more stable operation is realized.
As shown in fig. 7, the locking structure includes a locking transmission shaft 11, a locking clip 12 and a locking control knob 13, the locking clip 12 and the locking control knob 13 are respectively and correspondingly disposed at two ends of the locking transmission shaft 11, the locking control knob 13 is connected with the locking clip 12 through the locking transmission shaft 11, the locking transmission shaft 11 is disposed inside the circular sliding rod 9 and the square sliding rod 8, the locking clip 12 is disposed at the front side of the front baffle 1 to integrally fix the front baffle 1, the locking control knob 13 protrudes out of the circular sliding rod 9, two ends of the circular sliding rod 9 and the square sliding rod 8 are provided with a sealing plug 24 with holes, the circular sliding rod 9 and the square sliding rod 8 are further provided with a limiting latch 25 inside, the locking transmission shaft 11 is provided with a latch engaged with the limiting latch 25, the locking control knob 13 overcomes the engaging force of the limiting latch 25 to drive the locking transmission shaft 11 to rotate, the locking clamp 12 can rotate, and when the locking clamp 12 rotates to the position of the hollow-out part C of the front baffle 1 in folding, the baffle A and the baffle B can rotate and fold; when the locking is carried out, the baffle A is limited, and then the position of the baffle B is locked, so that the unfolding and the fixing are realized.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the front sliding rod is square, and the main purpose of the front sliding rod is to prevent torsion when folded or unfolded, the square design is limited by four edges, so as to achieve more stable operation, and the rear sliding rod is circular, so as to facilitate sliding.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the molding ring mechanism comprises a molding ring bottom plate 14, a fixed support 15, a second sliding control ring 16, a second sliding push rod 17, a grouting opening 18, a grouting pipe 19, a grout conveying pipe 20 and a positioning and blocking plate 22; a mold ring positioning clamping groove 21 is formed in the inner side of the front baffle 1, the front end of the mold ring bottom plate 14 is clamped into the mold ring positioning clamping groove 21 to realize positioning, the fixed support 15 is fixedly connected (welded) with the mold ring bottom plate 14 and slides forwards and backwards on the circular sliding rod 9 through a second sliding control ring 16, and a second sliding push rod 17 is controlled outside the hole; the front part of the surface of the molding ring bottom plate 14 is provided with a plurality of grouting ports 18 which are connected with a grouting pipe 20 through a grouting pipe 19, and grouting of a molding space is realized through certain grouting pressure; in addition, when the opening is molded, a positioning slurry blocking plate 22 needs to be installed on the molding ring bottom plate 14, the positioning slurry blocking plate is fastened on the molding ring bottom plate 14 through a left closing bolt, a right closing bolt and a fastening bolt 23, disassembly and displacement are realized through an adjusting bolt, and opening grouting (namely, primary grouting support) is performed through grouting in a space D formed by the front baffle plate, the side wall of the tunnel, the molding ring bottom plate and the positioning slurry blocking plate 22; the supporting mode in the hole is as follows: grouting is carried out in a closed space formed by the front baffle, the side wall of the tunnel, the mould ring bottom plate and the mould formed by the previous grouting step, so that the construction mode of excavating and supporting simultaneously is realized.
In the scheme, the front end of the push rod mechanism is provided with a baffle plate folded in two opposite directions, the baffle plate is controlled by a corresponding control ring in a sliding way, opposite angles act in a consistent way and are mutually occluded so as to prevent slurry from flowing out, and the baffle plate folded in two opposite directions is used as a front baffle plate 1 for supporting and molding; the whole shape of the front baffle can be customized according to the shape of an excavated section, the front baffle is generally divided into two types, the embodiment provides two structural forms of a round shape and a horseshoe shape, specifically as shown in fig. 4, the front baffle can be customized according to the actual shape of a tunnel, details are not described here, and in addition, in order to adapt to the unevenness of the excavated wall of the tunnel, a viscous elastic layer is arranged on the outer side of the edge of the front baffle 1 for plugging, for example, sponge is adopted to prevent slurry from flowing out.
In addition, positioning grooves are formed in the two sides of the pushing rod, the front baffle control ring and the mold ring positioning device are allowed to slide back and forth on the pushing rod, the device is withdrawn, the mold ring mechanism is customized according to the inner form of a support, grouting openings are distributed in mold areas, and the pouring step length can be adjusted; the push rod is connected with the support rod through the support rod, slides forwards and backwards on the support rod, and can be completely withdrawn.
(1) assembling a supporting construction device, and clamping the front end of the molded ring bottom plate 14 into the molded ring positioning clamping groove 21 for positioning;
(2) in order to adapt to the unevenness of the tunnel excavation wall of the test box, an adhesive elastic layer is arranged on the outer side of the front baffle 1 for plugging;
(3) in order to facilitate demoulding, a lubricant is demoulded on the inner surfaces of the front baffle plate 1 and the moulding ring bottom plate 14;
(4) installing and positioning a slurry blocking plate 22 according to the molding step length (generally, the length is similar to that of the lining trolley) and fastening by a fastening bolt 23;
(5) placing the support construction device at a tunnel excavation hole of the test box, positioning the front baffle plate 1 in the tunnel hole, and fastening the positioning slurry blocking plate 22 on the test box through screws;
(6) grouting by using a pressure pump, wherein the grouting pressure cannot be too high, when the grouting pressure is increased, the grouting pressure indicates that the molding space is full of grout, grouting is stopped, and the grouting is statically waited for solidification;
(7) after the primary ring support is solidified stably, unlocking the fastening bolt 23, overcoming the friction force of the newly built support and the molded ring, pushing the push rod forwards to the next set step length (under the pushing action of the first sliding push rod 6, the front baffle plate 1 and the molded ring bottom plate 14 are synchronously pushed forwards), forming a new and closed molded space by the front baffle plate 1, the hole wall, the molded ring bottom plate 14 and the side edge of the front ring (the space is that the molded support after being solidified, the front baffle plate, the hole wall, the molded ring bottom plate and the side edge of the front ring form a new and closed molded space), grouting again, and circulating operation after solidification;
(8) after the formwork is built to the excavation surface for a certain distance, the formwork support device needs to be withdrawn;
firstly, the second sliding control ring 16 is pulled back, and the molded ring is completely pulled out of the hole;
secondly, the locking control knob 3 is rotated to unlock the locking clamp 12, and the first sliding push rod 6 is operated to control the baffle A, the baffle B and the baffle A to be folded in opposite directions, so that the front baffle 1 is folded;
(9) the push rod is pulled back to pull the whole device out of the hole;
(10) and (4) continuing tunnel excavation, and after the tunnel excavation is carried out to a certain distance, repeating the steps to carry out mould construction until the tunnel excavation is finished.
When the whole device is molded at the position of a hole, a closed annular space is formed by the front baffle, the hole wall, the molded annular bottom plate and the positioning slurry blocking plate for molding the support; when the mold is built in the hole, the mold building of the support is carried out in a closed space formed by a front baffle, the side wall of the tunnel, a bottom plate of the mold building ring and the mold building formed by the previous step of grouting, in order to realize the sequence of the construction method of excavation and support, the device is provided with an exit mechanism, and the mold building ring can completely exit from the inner side of the support by sliding and retreating; the front baffle adopts a block design, and the occupied space is reduced by the front and the rear hinges, so that the front baffle can be withdrawn from the inner side of the support.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may apply the above modifications or changes to the equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent change and change made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The device is suitable for long-distance tunnel excavation supporting construction in a model test and is characterized by comprising a push rod mechanism and a mould building ring mechanism;
the push rod mechanism comprises a front baffle (1), a square sliding rod (8) and a round sliding rod (9) which are sequentially connected, a first sliding control ring (4) is sleeved on the square sliding rod (8), and a first sliding push rod (6) is connected to the first sliding control ring (4);
the front baffle (1) comprises baffle plates A and baffle plates B which are arranged diagonally, and adjacent baffle plates A and baffle plates B are engaged in a staggered manner to form a sealing joint seam; the root of the front baffle (1) is connected with the end part of the square sliding rod (8) through the rotary hinge (5), and the front baffle (1) can rotate forwards or backwards along the central shaft of the rotary hinge (5) under the action of external force; the inner side of the front baffle (1) is connected with the first sliding control ring (4) through a folding transmission rod (3), a control folding (2) is arranged at the connecting end point, and the first sliding control ring (4) slides back and forth along the square sliding rod (8) under the control of the first sliding push rod (6) to drive the folding transmission rod (3) to lift up or pull back the front baffle (1), so that the front baffle (1) is folded or unfolded;
the two first sliding control rings (4) are arranged and comprise a back-pull control ring (41) and a front-push control ring (42) which respectively control the front and back synchronous superposition of the partition plates A and B, and correspondingly, the first sliding push rod (6) comprises a back-pull sliding push rod (61) and a front-push sliding push rod (62);
the mould building ring mechanism comprises a mould building ring bottom plate (14), a fixed support (15), a second sliding control ring (16), a second sliding push rod (17) and a positioning slurry blocking plate (22); a mold ring positioning clamping groove (21) is formed in the inner side of the front baffle (1), the front end of the mold ring bottom plate (14) is clamped into the mold ring positioning clamping groove (21) to realize positioning, and the fixed support (15) is fixedly connected with the mold ring bottom plate (14) and slides forwards and backwards on the circular sliding rod (9) through a second sliding control ring (16); the front part of the molding ring bottom plate (14) is provided with a plurality of grouting ports (18).
2. The device suitable for long-distance excavation supporting construction of the tunnel in the model test according to claim 1, characterized in that: the propulsion mechanism further comprises a locking structure, the locking structure comprises a locking transmission shaft (11), a locking clamp (12) and a locking control knob (13), the locking clamp (12) and the locking control knob (13) are respectively and correspondingly arranged at two ends of the locking transmission shaft (11), the locking control knob (13) is connected with the locking clamp (12) through the locking transmission shaft (11), the circular sliding rod (9) and the square sliding rod (8) are both of a hollow structure, and the locking transmission shaft (11) is arranged inside the circular sliding rod (9) and the square sliding rod (8);
the locking clamp (12) is arranged on the front side of the front baffle (1), a hollow part C is further formed in the front baffle (1), the locking clamp (12) is controlled by a locking control knob (13) to fold, unlock or unfold and fix the front baffle (1), limiting latch teeth (25) are further arranged inside the circular sliding rod (9) and the square sliding rod (8), and latch teeth meshed with the limiting latch teeth (25) are arranged on the locking transmission shaft (11).
3. The device suitable for long-distance excavation supporting construction of the tunnel in the model test according to claim 1, characterized in that: the circular sliding rod (9) is also sleeved with a sliding support ring (7), and the sliding support ring (7) is fixedly connected with the first sliding push rod (6);
the sliding support ring (7) comprises two sliding support rings, the sliding support rings correspond to the rear pull sliding push rod (61) and the front push sliding push rod (62) respectively, a sliding positioning groove (10) is further formed in the circular sliding rod (9) along the length direction of the circular sliding rod, and a positioning protrusion matched with the sliding positioning groove (10) is arranged on the inner side of each sliding support ring (7).
4. The device suitable for long-distance excavation supporting construction of the tunnel in the model test according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shape of the front baffle (1) is matched with the shape of the section of the tunnel, and a circular or horseshoe-shaped structure is adopted.
5. The device suitable for long-distance excavation supporting construction of the tunnel in the model test according to claim 1, characterized in that: the positioning and blocking plate (22) is mounted on the molding ring base plate (14) and fastened on the molding ring base plate (14) through fastening bolts (23), and when a hole is molded, primary grouting is performed through grouting holes (18) in a space D formed by the front baffle plate (1), the tunnel side wall, the molding ring base plate (14) and the positioning and blocking plate (22).
6. The device suitable for long-distance excavation supporting construction of the tunnel in the model test according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a viscous elastic layer is arranged on the periphery of the outer edge of the front baffle (1) for plugging.
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