CN111569705A - Cylinder slit type liquid stirring device and preparation method and application of aluminum-carbon composite material - Google Patents

Cylinder slit type liquid stirring device and preparation method and application of aluminum-carbon composite material Download PDF

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CN111569705A
CN111569705A CN202010476803.XA CN202010476803A CN111569705A CN 111569705 A CN111569705 A CN 111569705A CN 202010476803 A CN202010476803 A CN 202010476803A CN 111569705 A CN111569705 A CN 111569705A
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aluminum
stirring
cylinder
liquid
stop plate
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CN111569705B (en
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田学雷
仇法文
张效夫
蔡武豪
郑洪亮
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Shandong University
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Shandong University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/50—Mixing liquids with solids
    • B01F23/51—Methods thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/50—Mixing liquids with solids
    • B01F23/53—Mixing liquids with solids using driven stirrers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/40—Mounting or supporting mixing devices or receptacles; Clamping or holding arrangements therefor
    • B01F35/43—Supporting receptacles on frames or stands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
    • B01F35/92—Heating or cooling systems for heating the outside of the receptacle, e.g. heated jackets or burners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1005—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives
    • C22C1/1015—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives by preparing or treating a non-metallic additive preform
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • C22C1/1047—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C26/00—Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0084—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ carbon or graphite as the main non-metallic constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
    • B01F2035/99—Heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C26/00—Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes
    • C22C2026/002—Carbon nanotubes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of aluminum-carbon composite materials, in particular to a cylinder slit type liquid stirring device, and a preparation method and application of an aluminum-carbon composite material. The structure of the stirring device is as follows: the heating and heat-insulating device and the preparation chamber are both provided with cavities and have openings at the upper ends; the stop plate is of a strip-shaped plate structure, the upper part of the stop plate is fixed on the inner side of the annular support, the annular support is fixed on the lower surface of the lifting table, the upper end of the stirring cylinder is fixed on the lifting table, the lower end of the stirring cylinder extends to the stop plate, and the side wall of the stirring cylinder is tangent to the side edge of the stop plate; the driving device is fixed on the upper surface of the lifting platform and used for driving the stirring cylinder to rotate; the lifting device is used for controlling the lifting platform to lift. The cylinder slit type stirring in the stirring device can realize uniform stirring without dead angles in the whole aluminum liquid range, is beneficial to opening the enhanced body particles and uniformly dispersing the enhanced body particles into the aluminum liquid along with the flowing of the aluminum liquid, and realizes uniform distribution of carbon materials in the aluminum liquid.

Description

Cylinder slit type liquid stirring device and preparation method and application of aluminum-carbon composite material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of aluminum-carbon composite materials, in particular to a cylinder slit type liquid stirring device for preparing an aluminum-carbon composite material, and a preparation method and application of the aluminum-carbon composite material.
Background
The information disclosed in this background of the invention is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Although aluminum alloy has excellent mechanical properties and good electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, with the complexity of application scenarios, the performance of materials is increasingly required, and a simple aluminum alloy material is difficult to meet the application requirements in many specific scenarios. The compounding is an effective means for improving the performance of the metal material and promoting the application of the metal material to wider fields, the carbon material (carbon nano tube, carbon fiber, graphite particle and the like) represented by graphene can be used as an ideal reinforcing phase of pure aluminum and aluminum alloy to further improve the comprehensive performance of the aluminum alloy, and the aluminum-carbon composite material can be applied to wider fields.
At present, the preparation of aluminum-carbon composite materials has some technical problems, one is that carbon materials (such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, graphite particles and the like) are easy to agglomerate in aluminum matrix (such as pure aluminum, forged aluminum alloy, cast aluminum alloy and the like): for example, graphene and carbon nanotubes are used as nano materials, and have poor self-dispersibility, and are very easy to cause agglomeration in an aluminum matrix. Second is interface compound Al4C3Forming:the interface reaction of the aluminum-carbon composite material is difficult to control, and Al is easy to form4C3Brittle compounds, which destroy the mechanical properties of the composite material. Thirdly, the carbon material has poor wettability with the aluminum matrix, and strong interface bonding is not easy to form.
The methods for producing aluminum-carbon composite materials are mainly classified into solid methods typified by powder metallurgy and liquid methods typified by liquid stirring. The solid-state method has the advantages that the carbon material can be better dispersed in an aluminum matrix through ball milling, the interface combination is good, the components are easy to regulate and control, and the accurate control of the content of the carbon material can be realized. The solid-state method has the disadvantages of complex process, high preparation cost, low preparation efficiency and large size limitation of the composite material, so that the industrial production is difficult at the current technical level.
For the liquid stirring method, the process flow is simple, the preparation cost is low, the production efficiency is high, the size of the material is not limited, and large parts can be prepared and industrial production can be realized. However, the liquid stirring method has problems that: because the density of the carbon material is less than that of an aluminum matrix and the nano carbon material is easy to agglomerate, the carbon material is difficult to be directly added into the aluminum liquid and uniformly disperse, and the problem of poor interface bonding exists.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a cylinder slit type liquid stirring device, a preparation method and application of an aluminum-carbon composite material, wherein the cylinder slit type stirring device in the device can realize uniform stirring without dead angles in the whole aluminum liquid range, is beneficial to opening of enhanced body particles and uniform dispersion of the enhanced body particles in the aluminum liquid along with the flow of the aluminum liquid, and realizes uniform distribution of carbon materials in the aluminum liquid. In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows.
Cylinder slit formula liquid agitating unit includes: heating heat preservation device, preparation room, check plate, ring carrier, stirring cylinder, elevating platform, drive arrangement and elevating gear. The heating and heat-insulating device and the preparation chamber are both of a structure with a cavity and an opening at the upper end, and the heating and heat-insulating device is used for heating and insulating the preparation chamber. The stop plate is of a long strip plate-shaped structure, the upper portion of the stop plate is fixed on the inner side of the annular support, the annular support is fixed on the lower surface of the lifting table, the upper end of the stirring cylinder is fixed on the lifting table, the lower end of the stirring cylinder extends to the stop plate, and the side wall of the stirring cylinder is tangent to the side edge of the stop plate. The driving device is fixed on the upper surface of the lifting platform and used for driving the stirring cylinder to rotate, the lifting device is used for controlling the lifting platform to lift, so that the stirring cylinder and the stop plate are controlled to enter or exit the preparation chamber, and the stop plate is freely attached to the inner wall of the preparation chamber when entering the preparation chamber.
Further, stop plate quantity is 2 ~ 8 evenly distributed on the ring carrier, and the gap width between stirring cylinder and the stop plate is adjustable, and the gap width is stable in the use.
Furthermore, the stop plate is connected with the annular bracket through an elastic component, so that the stop plate is always tightly attached to the surface of the rotating stirring cylinder in the stirring process. Optionally, the resilient member is a metal spring.
Further, the material of the stop plate includes any one of ceramic, stainless steel and other high temperature resistant materials with certain rigidity.
Further, the material of the ring-shaped support comprises any one of ceramic, stainless steel and other high-temperature resistant materials with certain rigidity.
Further, the material of the stirring cylinder comprises any one of ceramic, stainless steel and other high-temperature resistant materials with certain rigidity.
Furthermore, the stirring cylinder is of a cylindrical structure, the annular support is of a circular ring structure, and the stirring cylinder, the annular support and the preparation chamber are arranged concentrically. Optionally, the outer diameter of the stirring cylinder is 0.2-0.6 times of the inner diameter of the preparation chamber.
Further, a cover body for closing the upper port of the preparation chamber is also included.
Furthermore, the driving device is a motor, such as a three-phase asynchronous motor, the upper end of the stirring cylinder is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor, and the motor drives the stirring cylinder to rotate so as to realize stirring.
Further, the device also comprises a rotating speed control system which is connected with the driving device and used for regulating and controlling the rotating speed of the driving device.
Further, elevating gear includes base, slide rail, slider, pulley, flexible connecting line, counter weight and connecting rod. The sliding rail is fixed on the base, the sliding block is installed on the sliding rail, the pulley is fixed on the top end of the sliding rail, the flexible connecting line is installed on the pulley, one end of the flexible connecting line is connected with the balance weight, the other end of the flexible connecting line is connected with the sliding block, and the sliding block is fixedly connected with the lifting platform through the connecting rod.
In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing an aluminum-carbon composite material is disclosed, which is performed by using the column slit type liquid stirring apparatus, and includes the following steps:
(1) and moving the smelted aluminum liquid into the preparation chamber, keeping the aluminum liquid above the liquidus line of the aluminum liquid through a heating and heat-insulating device, adjusting the stirring cylinder body and the stop plate into the aluminum liquid through a lifting device, and adjusting the rotating speed of the stirring cylinder body 5 until the center of the aluminum liquid generates vortex.
(2) Adding the carbon material reinforcement into a vortex formed by the aluminum liquid, then closing the upper port of the preparation chamber, continuously stirring, opening the upper port of the preparation chamber after the stirring is finished, lifting the stirring cylinder body and the stop plate, slagging off the surface of the obtained aluminum-carbon composite liquid, taking out the aluminum-carbon composite liquid from a preparation device, and pouring the composite liquid to obtain the aluminum-carbon composite liquid.
Further, in the step (1), the smelting method comprises the following steps: smelting an aluminum matrix in an induction furnace for 5-30min, deslagging and degassing the aluminum liquid, and optionally, enabling the aluminum matrix to comprise pure aluminum or aluminum alloy.
Further, in the step (1), the heat preservation time is 5-20 min, and the heat preservation temperature is 20-100 ℃ above the phase line of the aluminum liquid.
Further, in the step (2), the carbon material reinforcement includes any one of graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, graphite particles, and the like.
Optionally, the adding method of the carbon material reinforcement includes: wrapping the carbon material reinforcement to be added with an aluminum foil, and then conveying the carbon material reinforcement to the aluminum liquid by holding the powder adding device. Or adding carbon material reinforcement powder by using a screw conveyer. Or directly adding the carbon material reinforcement and the aluminum powder mixed briquetting.
Further, in the step (2), the stirring speed is 500-2800 rpm/min, and the time is 2-10 min.
In a third aspect of the invention, the application of the column slit type liquid stirring device and the preparation method of the aluminum-carbon composite material in the fields of electrical industry, aerospace, industry and the like is disclosed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) when the traditional blade stirring mode is adopted, dead angles exist in the flowing process of the molten metal in the preparation chamber, and especially the uniform stirring effect is difficult to achieve at the place far away from the stirring blade, so that the reinforcement is difficult to uniformly disperse in the molten metal. The slit type stirring formed between the stirring cylinder and the stop plate can realize the uniform stirring without dead angles in the whole aluminum liquid range.
(2) The stirring cylinder can transfer mechanical energy to the aluminum liquid in the rotating process to cause the forced convection of the aluminum liquid in the preparation chamber, thereby achieving the purpose of uniformly mixing the reinforcement body in the aluminum liquid. The rotation of the stirring cylinders can drive the aluminum liquid to flow and pass through the slits among the stopping plate stirring cylinders, the reinforcing bodies can pass through the slits along with the aluminum liquid, huge shear strain can be generated between the stopping plate and the cylinder due to high-speed rotation of the cylinder, the reinforcing bodies which are originally clustered together can be gradually dispersed under the action of the shear strain when passing through the slits, so that the clustered reinforcing body particles are opened under the action of the shear strain and uniformly dispersed into the aluminum liquid along with the flowing of the aluminum liquid, and the uniform distribution of the reinforcing bodies in the aluminum liquid is realized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cylinder slit type liquid stirring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of a cylinder slit type liquid stirring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The labels in the figures represent: 1-heating and heat-preserving device, 2-preparation chamber, 3-stop plate, 4-annular support, 5-stirring cylinder, 6-lifting table, 7-driving device, 8-elastic component, 9-rotating speed control system, 10-base, 11-sliding rail, 12-sliding block, 13-pulley, 14-flexible connecting line, 15-counterweight, 16-connecting rod and 17-slit.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular is intended to include the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Furthermore, it will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
For convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in the present invention, if any, merely indicate that the directions of movement are consistent with those of the drawings, and do not limit the structure, but merely facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, rather than indicate or imply that the referenced device or element needs to have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Term interpretation section: the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like in the present invention are to be understood in a broad sense, and for example, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" may be fixed, detachable, or integrated; the two components can be connected mechanically, directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, or connected internally or in an interaction relationship, and the terms used in the description are understood by those skilled in the art as having specific meanings according to the specific situation.
As described above, in the preparation of the aluminum-carbon composite material, the liquid stirring method adopted has the problems of difficulty in achieving uniform dispersion of the nanocarbon material, poor interface bonding, and the like. Therefore, the invention provides a cylinder slit type liquid stirring device and a preparation method of an aluminum-carbon composite material; the invention will now be further described with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, there is illustrated a cylinder slit type liquid stirring apparatus including: the device comprises a heating and heat-preserving device 1, a preparation chamber 2, a stop plate 3, an annular bracket 4, a stirring cylinder 5, a lifting platform 6, a driving device 7 and a lifting device.
The heating and heat-insulating device 1 and the preparation chamber 2 are both cylindrical containers having chambers and open at the upper ends. The main purpose of the preparation chamber 2 is to mix the reinforcement body and the aluminum liquid uniformly, and the aluminum liquid must be kept in a liquid state in the mixing process, so that the heating and heat-preserving device 1 has the function of heating and heat preservation, thereby ensuring that the temperature in the preparation chamber is kept at the set temperature. In order to adapt to a high-temperature environment, the preparation chamber adopts a crucible.
The stopper plate 3 is of a long strip plate-shaped structure made of ceramic, the annular support 4 is of a circular ring-shaped structure made of ceramic, and the inner diameter of the annular support is the same as that of the preparation chamber. The upper part of the stop plate 3 is fixed on the inner side of the annular support 4 through a metal spring 8, so that the stop plate is always kept close to the surface of the rotating stirring cylinder 5 in the stirring process. Further, the stop plates 3 are four groups and are uniformly distributed on the annular support 4, and when the stirring cylinder 5 is in contact with the stop plates, the stop plates divide the side wall of the stirring cylinder into four parts. The arrangement of the plurality of groups of stop plates helps to form more slits between the stop plates and the stirring cylinder and helps to enhance the dispersion effect of the body particles in the aluminum liquid.
The annular support 4 is fixed on the lower surface of elevating platform 6, the elevating platform is located the top of preparation room 2, stirring cylinder 5 is the cylinder that the pottery made, and its external diameter is 0.2 times of preparation room internal diameter, and the upper end of stirring cylinder 5 is fixed on elevating platform 6, and the lower extreme extends to retaining plate department, and the lateral wall of stirring cylinder 5 is tangent with the side of retaining plate 3. The preparation chamber 2, the annular support 4 and the stirring cylinder 5 are concentrically arranged. The stirring cylinder transfers mechanical energy to the aluminum liquid in the process of rotating and stirring, so that the aluminum liquid is forced to convect in the preparation chamber, and the purpose of uniformly mixing the reinforcement body in the aluminum liquid is achieved. Further, referring to fig. 2, the rotation of the stirring cylinders drives the aluminum liquid to flow and pass through the slits 17 between the stopping plate stirring cylinders, the reinforcement bodies pass through the slits 17 along with the aluminum liquid, and huge shear strain is generated between the stopping plate and the cylinder due to high-speed rotation of the cylinder, and the reinforcement bodies which are originally agglomerated together gradually disperse under the action of the shear strain when passing through the slits, so that the agglomerated reinforcement body particles are opened under the action of the shear strain and uniformly disperse in the aluminum liquid along with the flow of the aluminum liquid, and uniform distribution of the reinforcement bodies in the aluminum liquid is realized.
For the driving device 7, in this embodiment, a three-phase asynchronous motor is adopted, which is fixed on the upper surface of the lifting table 6, the upper end of the stirring cylinder 5 is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the three-phase asynchronous motor, and the stirring cylinder 5 is driven to rotate by the motor to realize stirring. The lifting device is used for controlling the lifting platform 6 to lift, so that the stirring cylinder 5 and the stop plate are controlled to enter or exit the preparation chamber 2, and the stop plate 3 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the preparation chamber 2 when entering the preparation chamber 2.
Further, in some embodiments, the lifting device includes a base 10, a slide rail 11, a slider 12, a pulley 13, a flexible connecting line 14, a counterweight 15, and a connecting rod 16. Wherein, slide rail 11 is fixed on base 10, slider 12 installs on slide rail 11, pulley 13 is fixed on the top of slide rail 11, flexible connecting wire 14 installs on the pulley, and flexible connecting wire 14's one end is connected with counter weight 15, and the other end is connected with slider 12, realize fixed connection through connecting rod 16 between slider 12 and the elevating platform 6. The stirring cylinder is connected with a three-phase asynchronous motor, so that the lifting device is adjusted by the balancing weight to realize the lifting of the stirring cylinder.
Further, in some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a cover for closing the upper port of the preparation chamber, and a rotation speed control system 9 connected to the driving device 7, wherein the rotation speed control system 9 is used for regulating and controlling the rotation speed of the driving device 7.
Further, in the following embodiments, the preparation of the aluminum-carbon composite material by using the cylinder-slit-type liquid stirring apparatus in the above embodiments includes the following steps:
a: smelting industrial pure aluminum in a medium-frequency induction furnace, and deslagging and degassing molten metal, wherein the smelting time is 15 min.
B: and (3) wrapping the multilayer graphene to be added with an aluminum foil, wherein the amount of the added graphene is 0.25 wt% of the mass of the aluminum liquid in the preparation chamber 2, and placing the aluminum foil wrapped with the multilayer graphene at the tail end of the handheld powder adding device for later use.
C: and C, moving the molten aluminum smelted in the step A into the preparation chamber 2, preserving heat for 10min, keeping the temperature at 700 ℃, adjusting the lifting table 6 through a lifting device after the heat preservation is finished, lowering the stirring cylinder 5 and the stop plate 3 into the molten aluminum in the preparation chamber, adjusting the stirring cylinder 5 to be close to the preparation chamber, fixing the lifting table 6, adjusting the rotating speed of the stirring cylinder 5 to 300rpm/min, and generating vortex in the center of the molten aluminum.
D: and D, inserting the aluminum foil wrapped with the multi-layer graphene in the step B into the vortex through a handheld powder adding device, then covering a cover body on the upper port of the preparation chamber to close the preparation chamber, continuing stirring, stirring the graphene into the aluminum liquid after the aluminum foil is melted, adjusting the rotating speed to be high 1000rpm/min, and stirring for 5 min.
E: and after stirring is finished, closing the stirring cylinder 5, lifting the lifting platform, slagging off the surface of the aluminum liquid, lifting the preparation device out of the heating and heat-insulating device 1, and then pouring the aluminum liquid into a mold to finish the preparation of the aluminum-carbon composite material.
The composite material and the comparison group industrial pure aluminum processing sample prepared by the steps and the parameters are subjected to mechanical property, hardness and conductivity tests, the tensile strength of the sample is improved by 22 percent and the hardness is improved by 25 percent compared with the pure aluminum comparison group, and the elongation and the conductivity of the material are not obviously reduced.
By comparing the control group, it can be found that the tensile strength and hardness of the aluminum-carbon composite material prepared by the embodiment are improved compared with the control group, and the elongation and the conductivity are basically equal to those of the control group, so that the comprehensive performance of the prepared composite material is improved. After analysis, it is found that the graphene is used as a novel two-dimensional carbon material with excellent mechanical properties and physical properties, which enables the graphene to be added into the aluminum matrix as a reinforcing phase, and when the graphene is uniformly dispersed in the aluminum matrix, the overall performance of the material is improved, so that the invention can be proved that the graphene can be successfully added into the aluminum matrix in a liquid state stirring manner and uniformly dispersed.
Finally, it should be understood that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. Cylinder slot type liquid agitating unit, its characterized in that includes: the device comprises a heating and heat-preserving device, a preparation chamber, a stop plate, an annular bracket, a stirring cylinder, a lifting platform, a driving device and a lifting device;
the heating and heat-insulating device and the preparation chamber are both provided with cavities and have openings at the upper ends, and the heating and heat-insulating device is used for heating and insulating the preparation chamber;
the stop plate is of a strip-shaped plate structure, the upper part of the stop plate is fixed on the inner side of the annular support, the annular support is fixed on the lower surface of the lifting table, the upper end of the stirring cylinder is fixed on the lifting table, the lower end of the stirring cylinder extends to the stop plate, and the side wall of the stirring cylinder is tangent to the side edge of the stop plate;
the driving device is fixed on the upper surface of the lifting platform and used for driving the stirring cylinder to rotate;
the lifting device is used for controlling the lifting platform to lift, so that the stirring cylinder and the stop plate are controlled to enter or exit the preparation chamber, and the stop plate is tightly attached to the inner wall of the preparation chamber when entering the preparation chamber.
2. The cylinder slit type liquid stirring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stopper plates are 2-8 pieces, which are uniformly distributed on the ring-shaped support;
or, the stop plate is connected with the annular bracket through an elastic component, preferably, the elastic component is a metal spring;
or the driving device is a motor, and the upper end of the stirring cylinder is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor.
3. The cylinder slit type liquid stirring device of claim 1, wherein the stopper plate is made of any one of ceramic, stainless steel and stainless steel;
or the annular bracket is made of any one of ceramic and stainless steel;
or the material of the stirring cylinder comprises any one of ceramic and stainless steel.
4. The cylinder slit type liquid stirring device of claim 1, wherein the stirring cylinder is of a cylindrical structure, the annular support is of a circular ring structure, and the stirring cylinder, the annular support and the preparation chamber are concentrically arranged; preferably, the outer diameter of the stirring cylinder is 0.2-0.6 times of the inner diameter of the preparation chamber.
5. The cylinder slit type liquid stirring device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a rotational speed control system connected to the driving device;
alternatively, a cover for closing the upper port of the preparation chamber is further included.
6. The cylinder slit type liquid stirring device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the lifting device comprises a base, a slide rail, a slide block, a pulley, a flexible connecting line, a counterweight and a connecting rod;
the slide rail is fixed on the base, the slider is installed on the slide rail, the pulley is fixed on the top of slide rail, the flexible connecting wire is installed on the pulley, and the one end and the counter weight of flexible connecting wire are connected, and the other end is connected with the slider, realize fixed connection through the connecting rod between slider and the elevating platform.
7. A method for preparing an aluminum-carbon composite material, which is performed by using the cylinder slit type liquid stirring device of any one of claims 1 to 6, and comprises the following steps:
(1) moving the smelted aluminum liquid into a preparation chamber, keeping the aluminum liquid above a liquidus line of the aluminum liquid through a heating and heat-insulating device, adjusting a stirring cylinder and a stop plate into the aluminum liquid through a lifting device, and adjusting the rotating speed of the stirring cylinder until a vortex appears at the center of the aluminum liquid;
(2) adding the carbon material reinforcement into a vortex formed by the aluminum liquid, then closing the upper port of the preparation chamber, continuously stirring, opening the upper port of the preparation chamber after the stirring is finished, lifting the stirring cylinder body and the stop plate, slagging off the surface of the obtained aluminum-carbon composite liquid, taking out the aluminum-carbon composite liquid from a preparation device, and pouring the composite liquid to obtain the aluminum-carbon composite liquid.
8. The method for preparing the aluminum-carbon composite material according to claim 7, wherein in the step (1), the smelting method comprises the following steps: smelting an aluminum matrix in an induction furnace for 5-30min, deslagging and degassing the aluminum liquid, preferably, wherein the aluminum matrix comprises pure aluminum or aluminum alloy;
or in the step (1), the heat preservation time is 5-20 min, and the heat preservation temperature is 20-100 ℃ above the phase line of the aluminum liquid.
9. The method for preparing an aluminum-carbon composite material according to claim 7, wherein in the step (2), the carbon material reinforcement includes any one of graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, and graphite particles;
or, in the step (2), the adding method of the carbon material reinforcement comprises the following steps: wrapping the carbon material reinforcement to be added with an aluminum foil, and then conveying the carbon material reinforcement to the aluminum liquid by holding the powder adding device; or adding carbon material reinforcement powder by using a screw conveyer; or directly adding the carbon material reinforcement and the aluminum powder mixed briquetting;
or in the step (2), the stirring speed is 500-2800 rpm/min, and the time is 2-10 min.
10. Use of the cylinder-slit liquid stirring device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in the electrical industry, aerospace and industrial fields.
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