CN108998707A - A kind of high-strength aluminum alloy composite material and preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of high-strength aluminum alloy composite material and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108998707A CN108998707A CN201810973632.4A CN201810973632A CN108998707A CN 108998707 A CN108998707 A CN 108998707A CN 201810973632 A CN201810973632 A CN 201810973632A CN 108998707 A CN108998707 A CN 108998707A
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCS UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 mercapto propyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- PKTOVQRKCNPVKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(methyl)silicon Chemical compound CO[Si](C)OC PKTOVQRKCNPVKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021365 Al-Mg-Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910026161 MgAl2O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003978 SiClx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910016375 Al3C4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWHBEKGYWPPYQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium carbide Chemical compound [C-4].[C-4].[C-4].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3] TWHBEKGYWPPYQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004881 precipitation hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical class [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[SiH](OC)OC YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
- B22F2003/1051—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding by electric discharge
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to aluminium alloy nanocomposite technical fields, and in particular to a kind of high-strength aluminum alloy composite material and preparation method.The composite material includes aluminum matrix alloy and the reinforced phase that is distributed in described matrix aluminium alloy, and the reinforced phase is SiO2The graphene of cladding.Invention passes through coated Si O on the surface of graphene2Graphene can be effectively prevent to reunite, realize that graphene is evenly dispersed in alloy matrix aluminum, and SiO2The interface performance between graphene nano material and alloy matrix aluminum can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aluminium alloy nanocomposite technical fields, and in particular to a kind of high-strength aluminum alloy composite material
And preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Al alloy composite has the characteristics that easy to process, light weight, specific strength are high, thermal expansion coefficient is low, aviation,
Have in space flight, automobile, machine-building, ship and chemical industry and is widely applied.Common Al alloy composite reinforcement has
Aluminium oxide, boron carbide and silicon carbide etc., the addition of these reinforcements can greatly improve the intensity and bullet of Al alloy composite
Property modulus, however due to being easy to generate needle-shaped aluminium carbide phase (Al in process3C4), Al3C4It is a kind of brittlement phase, can leads
Causing the toughness of composite material reduces.
Graphene has high-intensitive two-dimensional structure, has superhigh specific surface area, graphene is added in alloy matrix aluminum, can
Material can be obviously improved to be provided simultaneously with high-intensitive and high tenacity moreover, graphene is a kind of extraordinary solid lubricant
Abrasion resistance properties.In addition, graphene all has excellent properties and Nano quantum effect on optics, calorifics and electric property
It answers, the performances such as composite material light, conduction, thermally conductive and excellent processing performance can be assigned.In recent years, enhance aluminium about graphene
Being reported in for based nano composite material gradually increases.
Such as application No. is 201810310267.9, a kind of patent name are as follows: " preparation side of graphene Al-alloy
Method ", Chinese invention patent application in, disclose and Al alloy powder and graphene ground using ball mill, formed aluminium
Then particle is rolled as sheet, the graphene of these sheets and aluminium is closed by the particle that alloy powder and graphene mutually wrap up
The complex at bronze end puts into metallic solution, using refining, skimming, standing and ball milling, finally obtains graphite
The thermal conductivity of alkene Al-alloy, obtained graphene aluminium alloy extrusions is greatly improved.However, only leading in this method
The method of ball milling is crossed to prevent graphene from generating reunion during the preparation process, effect is limited, cannot effectively realize that graphene is received
Rice material is evenly dispersed in alloy matrix aluminum.
Application No. is 201810161958.7, patent name are as follows: " a kind of graphene enhancing aluminum alloy materials and its preparation side
In the Chinese invention patent application of method ", discloses and chemical plating metal solution is added in graphene, the graphite after being surface-treated
Then alkene stirs the graphene after surface treatment with Al alloy powder, finally obtain graphene enhancing aluminum alloy materials.By right
Graphene is surface-treated, and makes the graphene after surface treatment be easier to disperse in a metal, the aluminium alloy material made
Material has good comprehensive performance.However, due to the boundary between graphene nano material and alloy matrix aluminum material in the patent
Face combines and is not sufficiently stable, and does not reach requirement the stability of resulting composite material and mechanical performance.
In conclusion graphene enhancing aluminum-base nano composite material has the following problems in the prior art: (1) due to graphite
Alkene material has very big specific surface area, and graphene nano material is intended to overlap each other to reduce their surface energy, lead
It causes to be easy to produce reunion in the preparation process of composite material at it, is difficult graphene nano material in alloy matrix aluminum
Even dispersion has an adverse effect to the mechanical property of composite material；(2) between graphene nano material and alloy matrix aluminum material
Interface performance be not sufficiently stable, influence the stability and mechanical performance of composite material.
Summary of the invention
To solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art, present invention purpose to be achieved is: (1) realizing graphene in aluminium
It is evenly dispersed in alloy substrate；(2) improve the interface performance between graphene nano material and alloy matrix aluminum.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention develops a kind of high-strength aluminum alloy composite material, technical solution of the present invention
Are as follows:
A kind of high-strength aluminum alloy composite material, the composite material include aluminum matrix alloy and are distributed in described matrix aluminium
Reinforced phase in alloy；
The chemical component of described matrix aluminium alloy includes:
The Mg of 1.5~3wt%；
The Si of 1.0~1.5wt%；
The Co of 0.5~1.0wt%；
The Mo of 0.3~0.8wt%；
The RE of 0.3~0.5wt%；
The Zn of 0.2~0.5wt%；
The Cr of 0.03~0.1wt%；
Surplus is aluminium；
The reinforced phase is the graphene of SiO2 cladding.
Preferably, the graphene of the SiO2 cladding is prepared by following methods:
(1) graphene oxide is mixed into solvent, graphene oxide dispersion is made in 15~20min of ultrasonic disperse；
(2) alkali is added into graphene oxide dispersion obtained in step (1) and forms alkaline environment, mercapto third is then added
Ethyl orthosilicate is added into system after being uniformly mixed, is stirred to react for base trimethoxy silane solution；
(3) after reaction, after product is centrifuged, is washed, the graphene oxide of coated with silica is obtained.
Preferably, the alkali is the ammonium hydroxide that mass fraction is 26%, ammonium hydroxide is added in the step (2) and adjusts solution
PH to 11-12, the additional amount of graphene oxide are 0.5-1mg, the mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane of addition and ethyl orthosilicate
The amount of substance is respectively 5-7mmol and 40-70mmol.
Preferably, the silicon dioxide layer thickness of the graphene oxide of the coated with silica is 2-5nm.
Preferably, the weight ratio of described matrix aluminium alloy and the graphene of SiO2 cladding is 1:0.01-0.05.
Preferably, the rare earth elements RE is one of Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Tm and Lu or a variety of.
Preferably, the chemical component of described matrix aluminium alloy includes:
The Mg of 2wt%；
The Si of 1.0wt%；
The Co of 0.8wt%；
The Mo of 0.5wt%；
The RE of 0.3wt%；
The Zn of 0.2wt%；
The Cr of 0.05wt%；
Surplus is aluminium.
The invention also discloses the preparation methods of any of the above-described high-strength aluminum alloy composite material, including following step
It is rapid:
(1) the SiO2 graphene coated is added to 10~20min of ultrasonic disperse in solvent, Al alloy powder is then added and stirs
Uniformly mixed, 10~20min of ultrasonic disperse is mixed, obtains mixed-powder after removing solvent；
(2) mixed-powder made from step 1 is put into VC high efficient mixer, is mixed under conditions of revolving speed 120r/min
60min；
(3) mixed powder made from step 2 is placed in stirring ball mill, is filled with liquid nitrogen, submerge all mills to liquid nitrogen
Start ball milling when ball, ratio of grinding media to material 30: 1, ball milling 4~6 hours；
(4) by the uniform composite powder of ball milling mixing in pre-fabricated graphite jig, in plasma activated sintering
Surface activation process, 3~5min of load time, voltage 30kV, electric current 80A are carried out in furnace；Then in plasma activated sintering furnace
Interior carry out plasma activated sintering, 40 DEG C/min of heating rate, vacuum degree≤10Pa, the pressure that when sintering applies is 25~
30MPa, 550 DEG C of sintering temperature, soaking time 10min；
(5) 5h is kept the temperature under by sintered sample under the conditions of 400 DEG C, is then quenched, is kept the temperature at 100 DEG C after quenching
40h to get arrive the high-strength aluminum alloy composite material.
Preferably, the granularity of each material powder of aluminium alloy is 30~35 μm.
Beneficial effects of the present invention
(1) high-strength aluminum alloy composite material of the present invention is added to various elements, Ke Yi in aluminum matrix alloy
High-Temperature Strengthening phase is formed in alloy, improves the heat resistance of alloy, can prevent oxidation, scaling loss and the air-breathing of alloying element, is improved and is closed
The smelting quality of gold.
(2) reinforced phase is SiO2The graphene of cladding, on the one hand, the silica shell of graphene surface can be effectively prevent
The reunion of graphene in preparation composite material, realizes that graphene is evenly dispersed in alloy matrix aluminum；On the other hand,
SiO2It can help to Al in alloy matrix aluminum2O3Oxidation growth is carried out in a smooth manner, is improved the consistency of material, is avoided
Al-Mg-Si alloy loose drawback of material structure caused by oxidation growth in a manner of born of the same parents' shape in conventional preparation techniques, and
SiO2Incubation period very long needed for Al-Mg-Si alloy melt direct oxidation can be cut down, it is not necessary to form one layer in alloy surface
MgO and MgAl2O4 film can coring grown.
SiO2Following react occurs with aluminum matrix alloy:
3SiO2+ 4Al=2Al2O3+Si (1)
2SiO2+ 2Al+Mg=MgAl2O4+Si (2)
(3) preparation process of high-strength aluminum alloy composite material of the present invention, the graphene and aluminium that SiO2 is coated
It is mixed in the dispersion of alloy raw material powder ultrasonic, VC high efficient mixer, ball milling, can effectively prevent reuniting, be conducive to the equal of reinforced phase
Even dispersion.
(4) by surface active, plasma activated sintering, during the sintering process, particle surface is easy activation, passes through surface
The substance transmitting of diffusion is promoted, and by the effect of Current Heating and vertical uniaxial pressure, body diffusion and crystal grain expand crystal grain
It dissipates and is all strengthened, accelerate densification process, and heating rate is fast, soaking time is short, realizes the fast of aluminum matrix composite
Speed sintering can not only save energy, save the time, improve device efficiency, but also inhibit growing up for crystal grain, and gained is sintered sample
Product crystal grain is uniform, and consistency is high, and mechanical property is good.The densification of aluminum matrix composite is realized at low temperature, it is therefore prevented that aluminum substrate
It reacts between hardening constituent, then carries out the Precipitation hardening constituent that heat treatment obtains nano-scale distribution, finally make aluminium
Matrix is in the distribution of multiphase small and dispersed and SiO2The graphene hardening constituent uniform distribution of cladding, prepares and connects
Nearly fully dense high performance sintered sample.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of high-strength aluminum alloy composite material, the composite material include aluminum matrix alloy and are distributed in described matrix aluminium
Reinforced phase in alloy；
The chemical component of described matrix aluminium alloy includes:
The Mg of 1.5wt%；
The Si of 1.0wt%；
The Co of 0.5wt%；
The Mo of 0.8wt%；
The RE of 0.3wt%；
The Zn of 0.5wt%；
The Cr of 0.03wt%；
Surplus is aluminium；
The reinforced phase is the graphene of SiO2 cladding, the weight ratio for the graphene that described matrix aluminium alloy and SiO2 are coated
For 1:0.05.The rare earth elements RE is Sm.
The graphene of the SiO2 cladding is prepared by following methods:
(1) graphene oxide is mixed into solvent, graphene oxide dispersion is made in ultrasonic disperse 20min；
(2) it is molten that the ammonium hydroxide adjusting that mass fraction is 26% is added into graphene oxide dispersion obtained in step (1)
Then mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane solution is added in the pH to 12 of liquid, ethyl orthosilicate is added into system after being uniformly mixed, stirs
Mix reaction；The additional amount of graphene oxide is 1mg, the amount of the substance of the mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane and ethyl orthosilicate of addition
Respectively 5mmol and 40mmol.
(3) after reaction, after product is centrifuged, is washed, the graphene oxide of coated with silica, the dioxy are obtained
The silicon dioxide layer thickness of the graphene oxide of SiClx cladding is 2nm.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high-strength aluminum alloy composite material, the composite material include aluminum matrix alloy and are distributed in described matrix aluminium
Reinforced phase in alloy；
The chemical component of described matrix aluminium alloy includes:
The Mg of 2wt%；
The Si of 1.0wt%；
The Co of 0.8wt%；
The Mo of 0.5wt%；
The RE of 0.3wt%；
The Zn of 0.2wt%；
The Cr of 0.05wt%；
Surplus is aluminium.
The reinforced phase is the graphene of SiO2 cladding, the weight ratio for the graphene that described matrix aluminium alloy and SiO2 are coated
For 1:0.01.
The graphene of the SiO2 cladding is prepared by following methods:
(1) graphene oxide is mixed into solvent, graphene oxide dispersion is made in ultrasonic disperse 20min；
(2) it is molten that the ammonium hydroxide adjusting that mass fraction is 26% is added into graphene oxide dispersion obtained in step (1)
Then mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane solution is added in the pH to 11 of liquid, ethyl orthosilicate is added into system after being uniformly mixed, stirs
Mix reaction；The additional amount of graphene oxide is 0.5mg, the substance of the mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane and ethyl orthosilicate of addition
Amount is respectively 7mmol and 40mmol.
(3) after reaction, after product is centrifuged, is washed, the graphene oxide of coated with silica, the dioxy are obtained
The silicon dioxide layer thickness of the graphene oxide of SiClx cladding is 4nm.
The rare earth elements RE is Pm, Ho and Lu.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of high-strength aluminum alloy composite material, comprising the following steps:
(1) the SiO2 graphene coated is added to 10~20min of ultrasonic disperse in solvent, Al alloy powder is then added and stirs
Uniformly mixed, 10~20min of ultrasonic disperse is mixed, obtains mixed-powder after removing solvent；
(2) mixed-powder made from step 1 is put into VC high efficient mixer, is mixed under conditions of revolving speed 120r/min
60min；
(3) mixed powder made from step 2 is placed in stirring ball mill, is filled with liquid nitrogen, submerge all mills to liquid nitrogen
Start ball milling when ball, ratio of grinding media to material 30: 1, ball milling 4~6 hours；
(4) by the uniform composite powder of ball milling mixing in pre-fabricated graphite jig, in plasma activated sintering
Surface activation process, 3~5min of load time, voltage 30kV, electric current 80A are carried out in furnace；Then in plasma activated sintering furnace
Interior carry out plasma activated sintering, 40 DEG C/min of heating rate, vacuum degree≤10Pa, the pressure that when sintering applies is 25~
30MPa, 550 DEG C of sintering temperature, soaking time 10min；
(5) 5h is kept the temperature under by sintered sample under the conditions of 400 DEG C, is then quenched, is kept the temperature at 100 DEG C after quenching
40h to get arrive the high-strength aluminum alloy composite material.
Preferably, the granularity of each material powder of aluminium alloy is 30 μm.
Experimental example
Tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and conduction are carried out to the embodiment of the present invention 1,2 gained Al alloy composites
The performance test of rate, compared with prior art result such as table 1.
1. Al alloy composite the performance test results of table
It can be seen from Table 1 that present invention gained Al alloy composite is compared with prior art, in yield strength, draw
It stretches
| Title | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | The prior art |
| Yield strength/MPa | 460 | 448 | 290 |
| Tensile strength/MPa | 400 | 405 | 353 |
| Elongation/% | 43 | 40 | 27 |
| Conductivity (IACS) | 68 | 67 | 62 |
It is all obviously improved in terms of intensity, elongation and conductivity, there is excellent mechanical performance.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of high-strength aluminum alloy composite material, which is characterized in that the composite material includes aluminum matrix alloy and is distributed in
Reinforced phase in described matrix aluminium alloy；
The chemical component of described matrix aluminium alloy includes:
The Mg of 1.5~3wt%；
The Si of 1.0~1.5wt%；
The Co of 0.5~1.0wt%；
The Mo of 0.3~0.8wt%；
The RE of 0.3~0.5wt%；
The Zn of 0.2~0.5wt%；
The Cr of 0.03~0.1wt%；
Surplus is aluminium；
The reinforced phase is SiO2The graphene of cladding.
2. high-strength aluminum alloy composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the SiO2The graphene of cladding by
Following methods preparation:
(1) graphene oxide is mixed into solvent, graphene oxide dispersion is made in 15~20min of ultrasonic disperse；
(2) alkali is added into graphene oxide dispersion obtained in step (1) and forms alkaline environment, mercapto propyl three is then added
Ethyl orthosilicate is added into system after being uniformly mixed, is stirred to react for methyldimethoxysilane solution；
(3) after reaction, after product is centrifuged, is washed, the graphene oxide of coated with silica is obtained.
3. high-strength aluminum alloy composite material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the alkali is that mass fraction is 26%
Ammonium hydroxide, the pH to 11-12 that ammonium hydroxide adjusts solution is added in the step (2), the additional amount of graphene oxide is 0.5-1mg,
The amount of the substance of the mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane and ethyl orthosilicate of addition is respectively 5-7mmol and 40-70mmol.
4. high-strength aluminum alloy composite material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the oxidation of the coated with silica
The silicon dioxide layer thickness of graphene is 2-5nm.
5. high-strength aluminum alloy composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described matrix aluminium alloy and SiO2Packet
The weight ratio of the graphene covered is 1:0.01-0.05.
6. high-strength aluminum alloy composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the rare earth elements RE be Pm, Sm,
One of Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Tm and Lu or a variety of.
7. high-strength aluminum alloy composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described matrix aluminium alloy chemistry at
Divide and includes:
The Mg of 2wt%；
The Si of 1.0wt%；
The Co of 0.8wt%；
The Mo of 0.5wt%；
The RE of 0.3wt%；
The Zn of 0.2wt%；
The Cr of 0.05wt%；
Surplus is aluminium.
8. the preparation method of high-strength aluminum alloy composite material as described in claim 1~7 is any, it is characterised in that including following
Step:
(1) by SiO2The graphene of cladding is added to 10~20min of ultrasonic disperse in solvent, and it is mixed that Al alloy powder stirring is then added
It closes uniformly, 10~20min of ultrasonic disperse obtains mixed-powder after removing solvent；
(2) mixed-powder made from step 1 is put into VC high efficient mixer, is mixed under conditions of revolving speed 120r/min
60min；
(3) mixed powder made from step 2 is placed in stirring ball mill, is filled with liquid nitrogen, when liquid nitrogen submerges whole abrading-balls
Beginning ball milling, ratio of grinding media to material 30: 1, ball milling 4~6 hours；
(4) by the uniform composite powder of ball milling mixing in pre-fabricated graphite jig, in plasma activated sintering furnace
Carry out surface activation process, 3~5min of load time, voltage 30kV, electric current 80A；Then in plasma activated sintering furnace into
Row plasma activated sintering, 40 DEG C/min of heating rate, vacuum degree≤10Pa, the pressure that when sintering applies are 25~30MPa, are burnt
550 DEG C of junction temperature, soaking time 10min；
(5) 5h is kept the temperature under by sintered sample under the conditions of 400 DEG C, is then quenched, is kept the temperature 40h at 100 DEG C after quenching, i.e.,
Obtain the high-strength aluminum alloy composite material.
9. the preparation method of high-strength aluminum alloy composite material as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that: each original of aluminium alloy
The granularity of feed powder body is 30~35 μm.
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