CN111513246A - 一种大米深加工工艺 - Google Patents
一种大米深加工工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种大米深加工工艺,涉及农产品加工技术领域。该大米深加工工艺,包括原材清理,原材清理,初步处理,中药提取,蒸煮,调味和包装。通过将中药中含有的滋补气血的药物成分提取出来,然后用提取的药汤来蒸煮大米,从而将滋补气血的药物成份融合在大米中,这样人们日常食用大米,不仅可以获得能量,还能够滋补气血,强身健体,而且通过两次杀菌消毒处理可以防止大米生产加工过程中出现细菌滋生,保证了食品的安全性,并且通过在蒸煮后的大米中加入纯净蔗糖进行调味,使大米甜度增加,更利于食用,同时极大的缓解大米中融合的药物成份的苦涩味,值得大力推广。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农产品加工技术领域,具体为一种大米深加工工艺。
背景技术
大米是稻谷经清理、砻谷、碾米、成品整理等工序后制成的成品,稻谷的胚与糊粉层中含有近64%的稻米营养和90%以上的人体所须的营养元素,是生活中最重要的食品。
中药是指以中医药理论为指导,有着独特的理论体系和应用形式,用于预防和治疗疾病并具有康复与保健作用的天然药物及其加工代用品,主要包括植物药、动物药、矿物药。
大米作为大多数人的主食,其中含有的主要营养物质是淀粉、米谷蛋白和脂肪,这些营养物质主要是为人体提供能量,但是生活中很多人会因为常年的饮食失调或是因为年老体弱,导致气血不足、身体虚弱,所以除了每天摄取足够的能量外,为了更好的滋补身体、补充气血,还需要通过一些中药来补气血,但是每天煎煮中药非常麻烦,浪费大量的时间和精力。
发明内容
(一)解决的技术问题
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种大米深加工工艺,解决了生活重既要食用大米,又要单独煎煮中药滋补气血的问题。
(二)技术方案
为实现以上目的,本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现:一种大米深加工工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1.原材清理
首先用去石机和磁选机对中药原材料进行清理除杂,同时用滚筒筛、去石机和磁选机对大米原材料进行清理除杂;
S2.原材清洗
先用18~22℃的纯水将中药清洗干净,同时用18~22℃的纯水将大米清洗2~3次,并滤去水分,然后用紫外线消毒法分别对中药和大米进行消毒杀;
S3.初步处理
将清洗后的中药切段后充分搅拌混合均匀,同时将清洗后的大米浸泡在8~12℃的纯水中浸泡2~3h;
S4.中药提取
先按照1:3的比例将切段混合后的中药浸入纯水中,然后再将混合物加入到中药提取罐中,提取出含有中药成份的药汤和药渣混合物,经过过滤后将药渣完全去除;
S5.蒸煮
先将浸泡后的大米完全滤除水分,然后按照1:1.2的比例将大米与药汤进行混合,然后再将混合物放在高压蒸煮锅内蒸煮20~40min;
S6.调味
在煮熟的大米中加入占大米总量1.0~2.0%的纯净蔗糖进行调味,然后充分搅拌混合;
S7.包装
将生产完成后的大米进行真空密封包装,再用巴氏灭菌法进行消毒杀菌。
优选的,所述中药包括:按重量份计,人参15~20份、党参15~20份、黄芪10~15份、白术8~14份、山药10~15份,红枣12~17份。
优选的,所述紫外线消毒法是用波长为260nm的紫外线照射2~3min。
优选的,所述巴氏灭菌法是将大米充填并密封在包装容器内后,再将包装容器放在72~75℃温度的环境中30~40min。
(三)有益效果
本发明提供了一种大米深加工工艺。具备以下有益效果:
1、本发明通过将中药中含有的滋补气血的药物成分提取出来,然后用提取的药汤来蒸煮大米,从而将滋补气血的药物成份融合在大米中,这样人们日常食用大米,不仅可以获得能量,还能够滋补气血,强身健体,并且不需要每天煎煮中药,非常方便。
2、本发明通过在中药原材料和大米原材料清洗后先进行第一次杀菌消毒,然后在大米生产包装完成后再进行第二次杀菌消毒,这样可以防止大米生产加工过程中出现细菌滋生,保证了食品的安全性,并且极大的延长大米加工产品的保质期。
3、本发明通过在蒸煮后的大米中加入纯净蔗糖进行调味,使大米甜度增加,更利于食用,并且极大的缓解大米中融合的药物成份的苦涩味,值得大力推广。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一:
本发明实施例提供一种大米深加工工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1.原材清理
首先用去石机和磁选机对中药原材料进行清理除杂,同时用滚筒筛、去石机和磁选机对大米原材料进行清理除杂,通过去石机和磁选机可以将中药原材中夹杂的泥土、砂石和铁屑等异物去除,而通过滚筒筛、去石机和磁选机可以将大米原材料中夹杂的塑料袋碎片、泥土、砂石和铁屑等异物去除,从而防止异物混杂在中药原材料或大米原材料中影响后续生产加工;
S2.原材清洗
先用18℃的纯水将中药清洗干净,同时用18℃的纯水将大米清洗3次,并滤去水分,用18℃的纯水对中药和大米进行清洗,可以进一步清洁表面灰尘,然后用紫外线消毒法分别对中药和大米进行消毒杀菌,对中药和大米进行紫外线消毒杀菌可以防止细菌在后续生产加工过程中滋生,影响大米品质;
S3.初步处理
将清洗后的中药切段后充分搅拌混合均匀,这样是为了在提取中药中的药物成份时可以使中药与纯水更充分的混合,从而提升中药提取的效率,同时将清洗后的大米浸泡在11℃的纯水中浸泡2h,用水浸泡可以使大米更加膨胀,从而在蒸煮的过程中可以更好的吸收药物成份;
S4.中药提取
先按照1:3的比例将切段混合后的中药浸入纯水中,然后再将混合物加入到中药提取罐中,提取出含有中药成份的药汤和药渣混合物,经过过滤后将药渣完全去除,去除药渣后剩余的就是含有中药药物成份的药汤;
S5.蒸煮
先将浸泡后的大米完全滤除水分,然后按照1:1.2的比例将大米与药汤进行混合,然后再将混合物放在高压蒸煮锅内蒸煮30min,使药汤中的中药药物成份融合在大米中;
S6.调味
在煮熟的大米中加入占大米总量1.5%的纯净蔗糖进行调味,然后充分搅拌混合,加入纯净蔗糖可以使大米甜度增加,更利于食用,并且还能够缓解大米中中药药物成份的苦涩口感;
S7.包装
将生产完成后的大米进行真空密封包装,再用巴氏灭菌法进行消毒杀菌,包装后再次进行消毒杀菌不仅可以保证食品的安全性,而且可以延长食品保质期。
其中的中药包括:按重量份计,人参20份、党参20份、黄芪10份、白术8份、山药15份,红枣15份,由人参、党参、黄芪、白术、山药和红枣配制成的中药具有非常好的滋补气血的功效,将这些药物成份提取出来并融合在大米中,这样在食用大米的时候,不仅可以获得能量,还能够滋补气血,使身体更加健康。
紫外线消毒法是用波长为260nm的紫外线照射2min,其作用原理是利用特定的260纳米波长的紫外线照射破坏细菌和病毒等微生物细胞中的分子结构,使微生物出现生长性细胞死亡和再生性细胞死亡,从而达到杀菌消毒的效果,巴氏灭菌法是将大米充填并密封在包装容器内后,再将包装容器放在73℃温度的环境中35min,其作用原理是因为一般细菌的致死点均为温度68℃与时间30min以下,将包装后的食品放在73℃温度的环境中35min就可以将大部分细菌杀死,从而达到杀菌消毒的效果。
实施例二:
本发明实施例提供一种大米深加工工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1.原材清理
首先用去石机和磁选机对中药原材料进行清理除杂,同时用滚筒筛、去石机和磁选机对大米原材料进行清理除杂,通过去石机和磁选机可以将中药原材中夹杂的泥土、砂石和铁屑等异物去除,而通过滚筒筛、去石机和磁选机可以将大米原材料中夹杂的塑料袋碎片、泥土、砂石和铁屑等异物去除,从而防止异物混杂在中药原材料或大米原材料中影响后续生产加工;
S2.原材清洗
先用20℃的纯水将中药清洗干净,同时用20℃的纯水将大米清洗2次,并滤去水分,用20℃的纯水对中药和大米进行清洗,可以进一步清洁表面灰尘,然后用紫外线消毒法分别对中药和大米进行消毒杀菌,对中药和大米进行紫外线消毒杀菌可以防止细菌在后续生产加工过程中滋生,影响大米品质;
S3.初步处理
将清洗后的中药切段后充分搅拌混合均匀,这样是为了在提取中药中的药物成份时可以使中药与纯水更充分的混合,从而提升中药提取的效率,同时将清洗后的大米浸泡在9℃的纯水中浸泡2.5h,用水浸泡可以使大米更加膨胀,从而在蒸煮的过程中可以更好的吸收药物成份;
S4.中药提取
先按照1:3的比例将切段混合后的中药浸入纯水中,然后再将混合物加入到中药提取罐中,提取出含有中药成份的药汤和药渣混合物,经过过滤后将药渣完全去除,去除药渣后剩余的就是含有中药药物成份的药汤;
S5.蒸煮
先将浸泡后的大米完全滤除水分,然后按照1:1.2的比例将大米与药汤进行混合,然后再将混合物放在高压蒸煮锅内蒸煮35min,使药汤中的中药药物成份融合在大米中;
S6.调味
在煮熟的大米中加入占大米总量1.0%的纯净蔗糖进行调味,然后充分搅拌混合,加入纯净蔗糖可以使大米甜度增加,更利于食用,并且还能够缓解大米中中药药物成份的苦涩口感;
S7.包装
将生产完成后的大米进行真空密封包装,再用巴氏灭菌法进行消毒杀菌,包装后再次进行消毒杀菌不仅可以保证食品的安全性,而且可以延长食品保质期。
其中的中药包括:按重量份计,人参17份、党参18份、黄芪11份、白术10份、山药12份,红枣17份,由人参、党参、黄芪、白术、山药和红枣配制成的中药具有非常好的滋补气血的功效,将这些药物成份提取出来并融合在大米中,这样在食用大米的时候,不仅可以获得能量,还能够滋补气血,使身体更加健康。
紫外线消毒法是用波长为260nm的紫外线照射3min,其作用原理是利用特定的260纳米波长的紫外线照射破坏细菌和病毒等微生物细胞中的分子结构,使微生物出现生长性细胞死亡和再生性细胞死亡,从而达到杀菌消毒的效果,巴氏灭菌法是将大米充填并密封在包装容器内后,再将包装容器放在72℃温度的环境中37min,其作用原理是因为一般细菌的致死点均为温度68℃与时间30min以下,将包装后的食品放在72℃温度的环境中37min就可以将大部分细菌杀死,从而达到杀菌消毒的效果。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (4)
1.一种大米深加工工艺,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
S1.原材清理
首先用去石机和磁选机对中药原材料进行清理除杂,同时用滚筒筛、去石机和磁选机对大米原材料进行清理除杂;
S2.原材清洗
先用18~22℃的纯水将中药清洗干净,同时用18~22℃的纯水将大米清洗2~3次,并滤去水分,然后用紫外线消毒法分别对中药和大米进行消毒杀菌;
S3.初步处理
将清洗后的中药切段后充分搅拌混合均匀,同时将清洗后的大米浸泡在8~12℃的纯水中浸泡2~3h;
S4.中药提取
先按照1:3的比例将切段混合后的中药浸入纯水中,然后再将混合物加入到中药提取罐中,提取出含有中药成份的药汤和药渣混合物,经过过滤后将药渣完全去除;
S5.蒸煮
先将浸泡后的大米完全滤除水分,然后按照1:1.2的比例将大米与药汤进行混合,然后再将混合物放在高压蒸煮锅内蒸煮20~40min;
S6.调味
在煮熟的大米中加入占大米总量1.0~2.0%的纯净蔗糖进行调味,然后充分搅拌混合;
S7.包装
将生产完成后的大米进行真空密封包装,再用巴氏灭菌法进行消毒杀菌。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种大米深加工工艺,其特征在于:所述中药包括:按重量份计,人参15~20份、党参15~20份、黄芪10~15份、白术8~14份、山药10~15份,红枣12~17份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种大米深加工工艺,其特征在于:所述紫外线消毒法是用波长为260nm的紫外线照射2~3min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种大米深加工工艺,其特征在于:所述巴氏灭菌法是将大米充填并密封在包装容器内后,再将包装容器放在72~75℃温度的环境中30~40min。
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