CN111418490A - Novel corn castration machine - Google Patents
Novel corn castration machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111418490A CN111418490A CN202010417481.1A CN202010417481A CN111418490A CN 111418490 A CN111418490 A CN 111418490A CN 202010417481 A CN202010417481 A CN 202010417481A CN 111418490 A CN111418490 A CN 111418490A
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- emasculation
- castration
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- wheel
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- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001057636 Dracaena deremensis Species 0.000 description 5
- 208000003643 Callosities Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 206010020649 Hyperkeratosis Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010063385 Intellectualisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011049 pearl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Guiding Agricultural Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a novel corn emasculation machine which comprises a cab, an engine, a chassis device, a lifting arm, a supporting arm, an emasculation device, a guide leaf separator, a hydraulic cylinder and an infrared detection device. The castration device is characterized by comprising a castration wheel support frame, a left castration wheel, a right castration wheel, a hydraulic motor, a bearing seat, a shaft coupling, a linear slideway, a support plate and a single-shaft hydraulic cylinder, wherein the guide leaf splitter is arranged on two sides of the front end of the castration device and comprises a first leaf splitting port and a second leaf splitting port, and the infrared detection device is arranged right above the guide leaf splitter. The invention relates to a novel corn emasculation machine which is mainly used for removing the male ear of a female parent in planted corn. The tassel is removed by separating the leaves on the tassel and straightening the corn off center with a guide splitter. The position of the corn tassel is identified by an infrared detection device, and the automatic lifting device reaches the optimal castration position by transmitting information through a central control system. Improve the corn castration efficiency and the corn yield and quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mechanical intellectualization and corn breeding, in particular to a novel corn emasculation machine.
Background
In the field of corn seed cultivation, emasculation of corn female parents is an important link of cultivation, and the method adopted is artificial emasculation. In the process of corn seed production, the best emasculation time is generally 5 days, and the best emasculation time is easily delayed due to the problems of high labor intensity, low efficiency and high cost of manual emasculation. Although automatic and semi-automatic corn emasculation equipment exists in the prior art, the defects caused by manual operation are overcome, the problems still exist, due to the difference of domestic field sowing and management levels, the height of corn plants is uneven, high seedlings and low seedlings are generated, and the existing emasculation machine cannot detect the low seedlings in the corn plants because the upper end of the whole corn plant on the advancing route is subjected to infrared detection, and ignores the optimal emasculation position of most corns. This can result in incomplete detasseling of the corn seedling, excessive leaves in the removed stamen, and breaking of the tassel. Excessive leaf and incomplete extraction are important factors affecting the yield and quality of corn, and therefore, solving the problems is of great significance for improving the quality and yield of corn.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of automatic and semi-automatic emasculation machines in the prior art, the invention solves the problems of incomplete low seedling emasculation, excessive leaf extraction, tassel fracture and the like.
The invention relates to a novel corn emasculation machine which comprises a cab, an engine, a chassis device, a lifting arm, a supporting arm, an emasculation device, a guide leaf separator, a hydraulic cylinder and an infrared detection device. The device is characterized in that the chassis device comprises a frame, a front support, a front wheel, a rear support and a rear wheel, and the castration device group is connected with the frame through a supporting arm and a lifting arm. The castration device comprises a castration wheel support frame, a left castration wheel, a right castration wheel, a hydraulic motor, a bearing seat, a linear slideway, a support plate, a single-shaft hydraulic cylinder and a shaft coupling, the guide leaf separating device is arranged on two sides of the front end of the castration device and comprises a first leaf separating opening and a second leaf separating opening, and the infrared detection device is arranged right above the guide leaf separating device.
The left castration wheel front end is that the cone rear end surrounds the levogyration conveyer belt on being cylinder and cylinder, and the right castration wheel front end surrounds the dextrorotation conveyer belt on being the cone rear end for cylinder and cylinder.
The castration device is connected with a hydraulic motor through a coupler by a left castration wheel and a right castration wheel, the castration wheels are arranged above a castration wheel support through bearing seats, and the left hydraulic motor and the right hydraulic motor are arranged behind the castration wheel support at the same rotating speed and in different rotating directions.
The infrared detection device includes: infrared detection support and infrared detection mouth. Is arranged at a position 200mm above the guide leaf splitter along the castration advancing direction and is connected to the castration device. The corn enters the infrared detection device along the direction indicated by the arrow so as to obtain the top information of the corn tassel. And (4) transmitting the optimal emasculation position to a control system according to the top information of the identified tassel (firstly, detecting the top information of the corn tassel, and secondly, setting parameters to control the optimal emasculation position).
The castration device is arranged in the supporting arm (9 a) and the supporting arm (9 b) through connection among a group of linear slide ways, the single-shaft hydraulic cylinder, the supporting plate and the castration wheel supporting frame. Through the male plant information collected by the infrared detection device, the central control system controls the single-shaft hydraulic cylinder to enable the castration device to automatically lift in the linear slideway to reach the optimal castration position, so that the breaking of the male ears when the corns are removed is prevented.
The guide leaf separating devices are arranged on the front two sides of the castration device. The guide leaf splitter is provided with a first leaf splitting opening and a second leaf splitting opening, firstly, the first leaf splitting opening is used for carrying out primary separation on the leaves, and the second leaf splitting opening is used for carrying out secondary separation on the leaves which are not separated, so that the tassels which are drawn off are provided with 0-2 jade leaves, and the plants which are deviated from the center are corrected.
Compared with the prior art, the novel corn emasculation machine provided by the invention has the advantages that the optimal emasculation position of the tassel is obtained through the infrared detection device, and the guide separator is used for separating the leaves twice to achieve the optimal extraction effect. Therefore, the corn tassel can ensure that the tassels which are used for thoroughly emasculating and extracting low-plant corn seedlings and the like have 0-2 jade leaves, the corn tassel is reasonable in structure, and the yield and the quality of the corn are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the novel corn emasculation machine of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a supporting arm structure of the novel corn emasculation machine of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a castration wheel of the novel corn castration machine of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a castration device of the novel corn castration machine of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an infrared detection device of the novel corn emasculation machine of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the automatic lifting part of the emasculation device of the novel corn emasculation machine.
FIG. 7 is a top view of the guiding leaf separator of the corn emasculation machine of the present invention.
The codes in the figure are respectively: 1. the hydraulic self-castration device comprises a rear wheel, 2 rear supports, 3 chassis devices (frames), 4 engines, 5 cabs, 6 lifting arms, 7 hydraulic cylinders (lifting), 8 hydraulic cylinders (folding), 9 supporting arms, 10 castration devices, 11 infrared detection devices, 12 guide leaf dividers, 13 front supports, 14 front wheels, 15 fastening screws, 16 shafts, 17 cylinders (phi 210 mm), 18 cylinders, (phi 200 mm), 19 spiral conveying belts, 20 cones, 21 linear slideways, 22 castration wheels, 23 supporting plates, 24 single-shaft hydraulic cylinders, 25 castration wheel supporting frames, 26 bearing seats, 27 couplers, 28 hydraulic motors, 29 first leaf dividing ports, 30 second leaf dividing ports, 31 infrared detection port supports, 32 infrared detection ports and 33 castration traveling directions.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figures 1 to 7, the novel corn emasculation machine comprises a cab (5), an engine (4), a chassis device (3), a lifting arm (6), a supporting arm (9), an emasculation device (10), a guide leaf splitter (12), a hydraulic cylinder (7) and an infrared detection device (11), and is characterized in that the chassis device comprises a frame (3), a front support (13), a front wheel (14), a rear support (2) and a rear wheel (1), the emasculation device group is connected with the frame (3) through the supporting arm (9 d) and the lifting arm (6), the emasculation device (10) comprises an emasculation wheel supporting frame (25), a left emasculation wheel (22L), a right emasculation wheel (22R), a hydraulic motor (28), a bearing seat (26), a linear slideway (21), a supporting plate (23) and a single-shaft hydraulic cylinder (24) and a coupling (27), the guide leaf splitter (12) is arranged on two sides of the front end of the emasculation device (10) and comprises a first leaf splitter opening (30) and a second leaf splitter (31), and the guide leaf splitter (11) is arranged above the infrared detection device (11).
As shown in figure 1, the rear end of the lifting arm (6) is connected with the frame (3) through a cylindrical pin (9 d), the front end of the lifting arm is connected with a supporting arm (9 e) through the cylindrical pin (9 d), and the lifting of the integral emasculation mechanism is realized through a set of bidirectional hydraulic cylinders (7).
As shown in fig. 2, further, the supporting arm (9) is arranged at the front end of the corn emasculation machine and connected with the lifting arm (6), the left end and the right end of the supporting arm (9 e) are provided with foldable mechanisms (9 c), the supporting arm (9 e) is connected into the supporting arm (9 e) through a cylindrical pin (9 d), the supporting arm (9 a) and the supporting arm (9 b) are unfolded and folded through a set of bidirectional hydraulic cylinders (8), and the supporting arm (9 a) and the supporting arm (9 b) are fixed in the supporting arm (9 e) or the supporting arm (9 c) through fastening.
As shown in fig. 3, the front end of the left emasculation wheel (22L) is provided with two cylinders with different diameters at the back end of the cone (20) and surrounds the left-handed conveyor (19L) on the cylinder, and the front end of the right emasculation wheel (22R) is provided with two cylinders with different diameters at the back end of the cone (20) and surrounds the right-handed conveyor (19R) on the cylinder.
As shown in figure 4, the castration device (10) further comprises a left castration wheel (22L) and a right castration wheel (22R) which are connected with a hydraulic motor (28) through a coupling (27), wherein the castration wheel is arranged above a supporting frame (25) of the castration device through a bearing seat (26), the hydraulic motor (28) is fastened behind the supporting frame (25) of the castration wheel through screws, the left castration wheel (22L) rotates anticlockwise, and the right castration wheel (22R) rotates clockwise, so that the male ear of the female corn parent is longitudinally extracted in a grabbing mode, and the root of the corn plant is not damaged.
As shown in fig. 5, further, the infrared detection device (11) includes: an infrared detection port bracket (31) and an infrared detection port (32). Is arranged at a position 200mm above the guide vane separator (12) along the castration advancing direction and is connected to the castration device. The corn enters the infrared detection device along the direction indicated by the arrow so as to obtain the top information of the corn tassel. And (4) transmitting the optimal emasculation position to a control system according to the top information of the identified tassel (firstly, detecting the top information of the corn tassel, and secondly, setting parameters to control the optimal emasculation position).
As shown in fig. 6, the castration device (10) is arranged in the supporting arm (9 a) and the supporting arm (9 b) through the connection among a group of linear slide ways (21), a single-shaft hydraulic cylinder (24), a supporting plate (23) and a castration wheel supporting frame (25). The central control system controls the single-shaft hydraulic cylinder (24) to enable the castration device (10) to automatically lift in the linear slideway (21) to reach the optimal castration position through the information of the male pearls collected by the infrared detection device (11), so that the breaking of the male tassels when the corns are removed is prevented.
As shown in fig. 7, the guiding leaf separating device (12) is arranged at two sides of the front end of the emasculation device (10). The guide leaf splitter (12) is provided with a first leaf splitting opening (29) and a second leaf splitting opening (30), corns enter the leaf splitter along the direction indicated by an arrow (33), firstly, the first leaf splitting opening (29) is used for carrying out primary separation on the leaves, and the second leaf splitting opening (30) is used for carrying out secondary separation on the leaves which are not separated, so that the tassels which are drawn off are provided with 02 jade leaves, and the plants which are deviated from the center are corrected.
The hydraulic control system comprises a walking hydraulic circuit, a filtering and cooling hydraulic circuit, a castration operation hydraulic circuit, an integral castration mechanism lifting hydraulic circuit, a castration device automatic lifting hydraulic circuit and a steering hydraulic circuit, wherein the hydraulic circuits share one oil tank, and an engine provides power for a hydraulic pump.
As shown in fig. 1, the novel corn emasculation machine of the present invention operates in the following manner: when the engine works, the control system drives the walking device to move forwards along the reverse direction indicated by an arrow (33). The arranged infrared detection device detects the optimal emasculation position of a corn plant, the emasculation device is made to lift to the optimal emasculation position, the guide leaf splitter is used for separating leaves, and then the emasculation device is driven to rotate at a high speed to longitudinally pull out the male ear of the corn female parent in a grabbing mode. Therefore, the method can ensure that the low seedlings and the removed tassels have 02 jade leaves and correct the plants deviated from the center, and improve the yield and the quality of the corn.
Claims (9)
1. A novel corn emasculation machine is characterized by comprising a cab, an engine, a chassis device, a lifting arm, a supporting arm, an emasculation device, a guide leaf separator, a hydraulic cylinder and an infrared detection device.
2. The castration device comprises a castration wheel support frame, a left castration wheel, a right castration wheel, a hydraulic motor, a bearing seat, a coupler, a linear slideway, a support plate and a single-shaft hydraulic cylinder, the guide vane separator is arranged on two sides of the front end of the castration device and comprises a first vane port and a second vane port, and the infrared detection device is arranged right above the guide vane separator.
3. The corn emasculation machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the front end of the left emasculation wheel is a cone with a cylindrical rear end and surrounds the left-handed conveyor belt on the cylinder, and the front end of the right emasculation wheel is a cone with a cylindrical rear end and surrounds the right-handed conveyor belt on the cylinder.
4. The corn emasculation machine as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the emasculation device is connected with the hydraulic motor through a coupling by a left and a right emasculation wheels, the emasculation wheels are arranged above the emasculation wheel support through bearing seats, and the left and the right hydraulic motors are arranged behind the emasculation wheel support at the same rotating speed and in different rotation directions.
5. The novel corn emasculation machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the emasculation device is arranged in the support arm (9 a) and the support arm (9 b) through a set of linear slides, a single-shaft hydraulic cylinder, a support plate and a connection between the support frames of the emasculation device.
6. The tassel information collected by the infrared detection device is controlled by the central control system to control the single-shaft hydraulic cylinder to enable the castration device to automatically lift in the linear slideway to reach the optimal castration position, so that the tassel is prevented from being broken when the corn is removed.
7. The novel corn emasculation machine as claimed in claim 1, 3 or 4, wherein the guide leaf separators are arranged on the front two sides of the emasculation device.
8. The guide leaf splitter is provided with a first leaf splitting opening and a second leaf splitting opening, firstly, the first leaf splitting opening is used for carrying out primary separation on leaves, and the second leaf splitting opening is used for carrying out secondary separation on leaves which are not separated, so that tassels which are drawn off are provided with 0-2 jade leaves, and the plants which are deviated from the center are corrected.
9. The novel corn emasculation machine of claim 5, wherein the infrared detection device is arranged 200mm above the guide leaf splitter to obtain corn tassel information and identify the optimal emasculation position of the tassels.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010417481.1A CN111418490A (en) | 2020-05-18 | 2020-05-18 | Novel corn castration machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010417481.1A CN111418490A (en) | 2020-05-18 | 2020-05-18 | Novel corn castration machine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111418490A true CN111418490A (en) | 2020-07-17 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010417481.1A Pending CN111418490A (en) | 2020-05-18 | 2020-05-18 | Novel corn castration machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN111418490A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113924976A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-01-14 | 吉林农业大学 | Header for castration and tassel recovery of corn |
| CN114868480A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-08-09 | 新疆九御科技有限公司 | Multipurpose agricultural intelligent robot |
| CN115843676A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-28 | 新疆九御科技有限公司 | Male drawing actuating mechanism for corn male drawing operation and male drawing detection method |
| CN116711631A (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-09-08 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Device and method for removing tassel of seed production corn |
-
2020
- 2020-05-18 CN CN202010417481.1A patent/CN111418490A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113924976A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-01-14 | 吉林农业大学 | Header for castration and tassel recovery of corn |
| CN114868480A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-08-09 | 新疆九御科技有限公司 | Multipurpose agricultural intelligent robot |
| CN115843676A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-28 | 新疆九御科技有限公司 | Male drawing actuating mechanism for corn male drawing operation and male drawing detection method |
| CN116711631A (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-09-08 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Device and method for removing tassel of seed production corn |
| CN116711631B (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2024-05-28 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Device and method for removing tassel of seed production corn |
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Application publication date: 20200717 |