CN116711631B - Device and method for removing tassel of seed production corn - Google Patents
Device and method for removing tassel of seed production corn Download PDFInfo
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- CN116711631B CN116711631B CN202310767003.7A CN202310767003A CN116711631B CN 116711631 B CN116711631 B CN 116711631B CN 202310767003 A CN202310767003 A CN 202310767003A CN 116711631 B CN116711631 B CN 116711631B
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- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000003643 Callosities Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010020649 Hyperkeratosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000201976 Polycarpon Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001272996 Polyphylla fullo Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a maize tassel removing device and a maize tassel removing method for seed production, wherein the maize tassel removing device sequentially comprises a symmetrical V-shaped tassel extracting mechanism, a Y-shaped aligning mechanism and a flexible righting mechanism from top to bottom, the symmetry center is on a vertical line, the heights of the tassel extracting mechanism, the aligning mechanism and the flexible righting mechanism are adjusted through a profiling mechanism, during operation, maize stalks are gathered by the aligning mechanism, then maize tassel is clamped and pulled out by a belt rotating in the tassel extracting mechanism, and meanwhile, the maize stalks are slightly clamped by a belt curled at the outer layer in the flexible righting mechanism at the bottom, so that the maize stalks are prevented from being pushed, inclined and toppled. According to the invention, the V-shaped male belt pulley assembly is used for clamping and pulling out the tassel, so that the clamping of corn leaves can be reduced, and the damage to corn is reduced; the Y-shaped alignment mechanism is used for guiding corn tassel into the tassel extracting mechanism, so that the tassel extracting rate can be ensured; the corn stalks are clamped by the flexible righting mechanism, so that the shaking of the corn stalks during the male pulling can be reduced, and the leakage pulling phenomenon is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of planting of seed corn, and particularly relates to a seed corn tassel removing device and method.
Background
Seed production corn is corn for producing seeds, and is planted in a large area in Xinjiang and Gansu areas of China. The planting of the seed corn adopts 1 row of male parent corn and 6-8 rows of female parent corn to be planted at intervals. When pollinating, the tassel of the female parent corn is timely removed when the tassel of the female parent corn is still wrapped in the leaf, so that the tassel of the male parent corn grows and looses powder, and the tassel of the female parent corn is pollinated.
At present, the method for mechanically removing the male ears of the female parent corn mainly comprises the steps of using a self-propelled mechanical crossing of an overhead chassis to run between corn rows and using a male removing device to remove the male ears of the female parent corn. The removing device mainly comprises a disc cutter male cutting device, a pair roller male drawing device and a flexible disc male drawing device. The disc cutter cutting operation method is that the tassel and the leaf at the top of the female parent corn are cut together by a horizontal rotary cutter head, and secondary cutting is needed because the tassel of the female parent corn cannot be cut cleanly. The method can remove the tassel entirely, and has the defects that the blades can be clamped when the tassel is clamped by the pair of rollers, and the tassel and the blades are pulled out together, so that the growth of corn is unfavorable. The flexible disc male pulling device is characterized in that a pair of front ends are opened, rear ends are connected with flat discs which are connected together, the discs rotate relatively, the tassel enters the position where the rear ends are connected together from the opening position of the front ends of the disc male pulling device, the discs clamp and pull the tassel, the method can reduce the phenomenon of maize clamping, but the tassel is easy to leak and pull, and the tassel pulling rate is low.
In the actual agricultural production process, because the mechanical emasculation device has low extraction rate of female corn tassel and large damage to leaves, many seed production corns still mainly adopt manual emasculation at present, and the labor capacity is large and the production cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to further solve the problems, the invention aims to improve the extraction rate of male ears of female corn and reduce damage to corn leaves, and provides a corn clamping and male-pulling device.
The technical scheme of the invention comprises that the maize tassel removing device for seed production comprises a male pulling mechanism, a row aligning mechanism, a flexible righting mechanism and a profiling mechanism.
As shown in fig. 1,2, 3, 4 and 5, the male pulling mechanism comprises a male pulling belt pulley assembly 1, a fixing plate 2 and a male pulling driver 3, the male pulling belt pulley assembly 1 comprises a lower rolling rod 1-1, an upper rolling rod 1-2 and a male pulling belt 1-3, the lengths of the lower rolling rod 1-1 and the upper rolling rod 1-2 are equal to the width of the male pulling belt 1-3, the rotation central lines of the lower rolling rod 1-1 and the upper rolling rod 1-2 are parallel to each other, the two ends of the lower rolling rod 1-1 and the upper rolling rod 1-2 are aligned, and the lower rolling rod 1-1 and the upper rolling rod 1-2 are connected by the male pulling belt 1-3; 2 groups of male-pulling belt pulley assemblies are arranged in total, the rotation center lines of the 2 lower rollers 1-1 are parallel to each other, the two ends of the 2 lower rollers 1-1 are aligned, the male-pulling belts 1-3 at the positions of the 2 lower rollers 1-1 are contacted with each other, and the 2 upper rollers 1-2 are separated from each other, so that the 2 groups of male-pulling belt pulley assemblies 1 are V-shaped; the same ends of the lower rolling rod 1-1 and the upper rolling rod 1-2 are fixed on one side of the fixed plate 2 through bearing blocks, the male pulling driver 3 is fixed on the other side of the fixed plate 2, an output shaft of the male pulling driver 3 is connected with one of the upper rolling rods 1-2, and because the male pulling belts 1-3 of the 2 groups of male pulling belt pulley assemblies 1 are in contact with the position of the lower rolling rod 1-1, friction force exists, and when the male pulling driver 3 drives one upper rolling rod 1-2 to rotate, the 2 groups of male pulling belt pulley assemblies 1 all rotate.
The V-shaped included angle formed by the 2 groups of male belt pulley assemblies 1 is 20-70 degrees.
The fixing plate 2 is in an inverted trapezoid structure.
As shown in fig. 6, 7, 8 and 9, the aligning mechanism comprises 2 aligning devices 4, each aligning device 4 comprises an aligning support rod 4-1 and a spike supporting plate 4-2, the spike supporting plate front section 4-2-1 is in a circular arc shape, the spike supporting plate middle section 4-2-2 and the spike supporting plate rear section 4-2-3 are in a linear shape, the spike supporting plate front section 4-2-1 and the section upper section 4-2-4 of the spike supporting plate middle section 4-2-2 are in a linear shape, the section lower section 4-2-5 is in a circular arc shape, and the spike supporting plate rear section 4-2-3 is an extension of the section upper section 4-2-4 of the spike supporting plate middle section 4-2-2; the middle section 4-2-2 of the ear supporting plate is fixedly connected with the opposite supporting rod 4-1; the circular arc directions of the front sections 4-2-1 of the ear supporting plates on the 2 paired devices 4 are opposite, the 2 paired devices 4 are symmetrical and are Y-shaped, and the middle sections 4-2-2 of the paired devices 4 and the rear sections 4-2-3 of the paired devices 4 are parallel to each other; the alignment device 4 is fixed on the fixed plate 2 through the alignment supporting rod 4-1, the alignment supporting rod 4-1 is positioned below the male pulling mechanism, the symmetrical center lines of the 2 alignment devices 4 are vertically aligned with the symmetrical center lines of the 2 groups of male pulling belt pulley assemblies 1, the middle section 4-2-2 of the ear supporting plate 4-2 is close to the male pulling belt pulley assemblies 1 but does not contact, the rear section 4-2-3 of the ear supporting plate 4-2 stretches into the V-shaped interior formed by the 2 groups of male pulling belt pulley assemblies 1, the rear section 4-2-3 of the ear supporting plate is positioned above the 2 lower rolling rods 1-1, and the rear section 4-2-3 of the ear supporting plate is not contacted with the male pulling belt 1-3.
The gaps between the 2 paired devices are 1-8cm.
As shown in fig. 1,2 and 3, the profiling mechanism is positioned behind the male drawing mechanism and comprises a profiling rod I5, a profiling rod II 6, a mechanism fixing rod 7, a positioning fixing rod 8, a positioning fixing tube 9 and a lifting cylinder 10, wherein the mechanism fixing rod 7 is perpendicular to the ground, the mechanism fixing rod 7 is parallel to the fixing plate 2, the mechanism fixing rod 7 is aligned with the symmetrical center line of the fixing plate 2, the mechanism fixing rod 7 and the fixing plate 2 are respectively hinged with the profiling rod I5 and the profiling rod II 6, the profiling rod I5 and the profiling rod II 6 are equal in length, the profiling rod I5 and the profiling rod II 6 are parallel to each other, the lifting cylinder 10 is hinged between the profiling rod II 6 and the mechanism fixing rod 7, the male drawing mechanism and the alignment mechanism are controlled to float up and down through the expansion and contraction of the lifting cylinder 10, the positioning fixing rod 8 is positioned below the mechanism fixing rod 7, the positioning fixing rod 8 is perpendicular to the mechanism fixing rod 7, and the positioning fixing tube 9 is fixed at two ends of the positioning fixing rod 8.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 10, 11 and 12, the flexible centralizing mechanism comprises 2 groups of centralizing assemblies 11, and each group of centralizing assemblies 11 comprises a centralizing bracket 11-1, a centralizing assembly 11-2 and a centralizing driver 11-3; the seedling lifting assembly 11-2 comprises seedling lifting rollers 11-2-1 and flexible belts 11-2-2, the rotation centers of the 2 seedling lifting rollers 11-2-1 with the same size are parallel to each other, two ends of the 2 seedling lifting rollers 11-2-1 are aligned, the 2 seedling lifting rollers 11-2-1 are connected by the flexible belts 11-2-2, and the 2 seedling lifting rollers 11-2-1 are fixed on a seedling lifting fixing plate 11-1-1 of the seedling lifting support 11-1 through bearing seats; the seedling lifting driver 11-3 is fixed on the seedling lifting fixing plate 11-1-1, and an output shaft of the seedling lifting driver 11-3 is connected with a shaft of the seedling lifting roller 11-2-1 and is used for driving the flexible belt 11-2-2 to rotate; the support extension rod 11-1-2 of the righting support 11-1 is inserted into the positioning fixing tube 9 and fastened by bolts, which is to facilitate the adjustment of the height of the righting assembly 11.
The flexible belts 11-2-2 on the 2 sets of centralizer assemblies 11 are parallel and aligned with each other.
The flexible belt 11-2-2 comprises an inner layer belt 11-2-2-1 and an outer layer belt 11-2-2-2, wherein the inner layer belt 11-2-2-1 is flatly paved between the corn stalk supporting rollers 11-2-1, the outer layer belt 11-2-2-2 is curled and fixed on the outer side of the inner layer belt 11-2-2-1, the inner layer belt 11-2-2-1 and the outer layer belt 11-2-2-2 are made of rubber or leather, the inner layer belt 11-2-2-1 is in contact with the corn stalk supporting rollers 11-2-1, and the purpose of the outer layer belt 11-2-2 curled and fixed on the inner layer belt 11-2-2-1 is to flexibly clamp corn stalks when the corn stalks are clamped and righted by the flexible righting mechanism, so that the corn stalks are prevented from being damaged by clamping.
The flexible righting mechanism is positioned below the male pulling mechanism.
The male pulling mechanism, the alignment mechanism and the flexible righting mechanism are all symmetrical structures, and the symmetry centers of the male pulling mechanism, the alignment mechanism and the flexible righting mechanism are on a vertical line.
Based on the device, the invention also provides a method for removing the male ears of the seed production corn, which comprises the steps of installing the seed production corn male ear removing device on an overhead self-propelled driving platform, and connecting a male drawing driver 3, a lifting oil cylinder 10 and a seedling lifting driver 11-3 on the corn male ear removing device with a power source on the overhead self-propelled driving platform;
adjusting the height position of the centralizing assembly 11 of the flexible centralizing mechanism to enable the centralizing assembly 11 to be clamped at the position of the stalk above the corn ear;
adjusting the wheel distance of the overhead self-propelled driving platform to enable the wheels to walk on the ground between corn rows;
The positions of the alignment mechanisms on the seed production corn tassel removing device are adjusted to align the centers of the two alignment devices 4 with corn rows; the front Fang Peizhi light sensing tassel height identification device of the seed corn tassel removing device feeds back tassel height identification signals to a control valve controlling the lifting cylinder 10 to float, and the heights of the alignment mechanism and the tassel extracting mechanism are adjusted in real time according to the tassel heights;
starting the switches of the male pulling driver 3 and the grain lifting driver 11-3 to enable the male pulling belt pulley assembly 1 and the grain lifting assembly 11-2 to rotate;
Starting an overhead self-propelled driving platform to walk, firstly, clamping corn stalks by a flexible righting mechanism, enabling corn tassel to enter a counter 4 from a Y-shaped opening position of the counter, and enabling the corn tassel to contact with a tassel extracting belt due to the fact that the rear section of a tassel supporting plate on the counter goes deep into a tassel extracting belt pulley assembly, and immediately clamping the corn tassel by the tassel extracting belt from the lower part of 2 groups of tassel extracting belt pulley assemblies, wherein the tassel extracting belt clamps the tassel and extracts the tassel from the corn stalks; thus, the operation of removing the male ears of the female parent corn is completed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. According to the invention, the V-shaped male belt pulley assembly is used for clamping and pulling out the tassel, so that the clamping of corn leaves can be reduced, and the damage to corn is reduced.
2. According to the invention, the Y-shaped alignment mechanism is used for guiding corn tassel into the tassel extracting mechanism, so that the tassel extracting rate can be ensured.
3. The flexible righting mechanism clamps the corn stalks, so that the shaking of the corn stalks during the male pulling can be reduced, and the phenomenon of missing the pulling can be reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention mounted on an overhead self-propelled platform.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the whole machine of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the whole machine of the profiling mechanism.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention with the alignment mechanism after the male withdrawal mechanism has removed the male withdrawal belt.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the male pumping mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the alignment mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the walking device of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a front view of the deck of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the deck of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the righting assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the grain lifting assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the righting bracket of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a male pulley assembly, 1-1, lower roller, 1-2, upper roller, 1-3, male belt, 2, fixed plate, 3, male driver, 4, pair of walkers, 4-1, pair of struts, 4-2, ear supporting plate, 4-2-1, ear supporting plate front section, 4-2-2, ear supporting plate middle section, 4-2-3, ear supporting plate rear section, 4-2-4, upper section, 4-2-5, lower section, 5, profiling rod one, 6, profiling rod two, 7, mechanism fixing rod, 8, position adjusting fixing rod, 9, position adjusting fixing tube, 10, lifting oil cylinder, 11, supporting assembly, 11-1, supporting bracket, 11-1-1, supporting fixing plate, 11-1-2, bracket extending rod, 11-2-1, supporting roller, 11-2-2, flexible belt, 11-2-2-1, inner layer of belt, 11-2-2 and 2-2 outer layer of belt.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to examples.
Example 1
Before the operation, the whole seed production corn tassel removing device is arranged on an overhead self-propelled driving platform, and a male pulling driver 3, a lifting oil cylinder 10 and a seedling lifting driver 11-3 on the corn tassel removing device are connected with a power source on the overhead self-propelled driving platform; adjusting the height position of the flexible centralizing mechanism to enable the centralizing assembly 11 to be clamped at the position of the stalk above the corn ears of the female parent; adjusting the wheel distance of the overhead self-propelled driving platform to enable the wheels to walk on the ground between corn rows; the position of the seed production corn tassel removing device on the overhead self-propelled driving platform is adjusted to align the centers of the two paired devices 4 with the female parent corn rows; the front Fang Peizhi light sensing tassel height identification device of the seed corn tassel removing device feeds identification signals back to a control valve controlling the lifting cylinder 10 to float, and the heights of the alignment mechanism and the tassel extracting mechanism are adjusted in real time according to the tassel height. And starting the switches of the male pulling driver 3 and the seedling lifting driver 11-3 to rotate the male pulling belt pulley assembly 1 and the seedling lifting assembly 11-2.
Starting overhead self-propelled driving platform walking, at first flexible righting mechanism clamping female parent corn stalk, corn tassel gets into to the line ware 4 from the Y shape open position of line ware, because draw in the male belt pulley assembly in depth to the rear end of line ware on holding up the ear of grain board, corn tassel can with draw the male belt contact, corn tassel also can be followed 2 and taken out the below of male belt pulley assembly and be carried by the male belt, take out the male belt and can hold the tassel and take out from corn stalk. Thus, the operation of removing the male ears of the female parent corn is completed.
Example 2
After the production and manufacturing of the seed production corn tassel removing device disclosed by the invention, the seed production corn tassel removing device is arranged on an existing overhead self-propelled platform, and the row number ratio of a seed production corn male parent to a seed production corn female parent to be subjected to a emasculation operation is 1:6, thus, the 6-group seed corn tassel removing device is arranged on the overhead self-propelled platform. The row spacing of the mulching films of the seed production corn for the male-pulling operation is 40cm, the row spacing between the mulching films is 60cm, the male ears of the female parent corn are wrapped in the leaves during the male pulling operation, and the average height of the male ears of the female parent corn from the ground is 1.72m. The wheel distance of the overhead self-propelled platform is adjusted according to the line distance of the seed production corn, so that the whole machine can stride across and walk between 2 mulching films. The height of the female parent corn ears from the ground is 1.1m, and the height of the 2 groups of righting assemblies is adjusted to be 1.2m, so that corn stalks at the upper parts of the ears can be clamped. The front of the seed corn tassel removing device is provided with a light sensing tassel height identifying device, and the light sensing identifying signal is used for controlling the lifting oil cylinder to float. The overhead self-propelled platform runs at a speed of 4km/h, the rotating speed of the male pulling driver is set to 400 revolutions/min, and the rotating speed of the seedling lifting driver 11-3 is adjusted, so that the corn stalks are not pushed to be inclined by the righting assembly while being supported by the righting assembly, and the upright state is always maintained. The indexes of test examination are the pumping rate of female corn tassel and damage to corn leaves, and field operation shows that the pumping rate of female corn tassel is more than 95%, and the damage to corn leaves is small, so that the production requirement can be met.
The above list of detailed descriptions is only specific to practical embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent manners or modifications that do not depart from the technical scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The device for removing the tassel of the seed production corn is characterized by comprising a male pulling mechanism, a row aligning mechanism, a flexible righting mechanism and a profiling mechanism; the male pulling mechanism, the alignment mechanism and the flexible righting mechanism are all symmetrical structures, and the symmetry centers of the male pulling mechanism, the alignment mechanism and the flexible righting mechanism are on a vertical line;
The male pulling mechanism comprises 2 groups of male pulling belt pulley assemblies (1), a fixing plate (2) and a male pulling driver (3); the female pulley assembly (1) comprises a lower rolling rod (1-1), an upper rolling rod (1-2) and a female belt (1-3), the lengths of the lower rolling rod (1-1), the upper rolling rod (1-2) and the female belt (1-3) are equal in width, the rotation central lines of the lower rolling rod (1-1) and the upper rolling rod (1-2) are parallel to each other, the two ends of the lower rolling rod (1-1) and the upper rolling rod (1-2) are aligned, the lower rolling rod (1-1) and the upper rolling rod (1-2) are connected by the female belt (1-3), the rotation central lines of the lower rolling rods (1-1) of the female pulley assembly (1) of the 2 groups are parallel to each other, the two ends of the lower rolling rods (1-1) are aligned, the female belts (1-3) at the positions of the 2 lower rolling rods (1-1) are in contact with each other, and the distance is reserved between the 2 upper rolling rods (1-2); the same side ends of the lower rolling rod (1-1) and the upper rolling rod (1-2) are fixed on one side of the fixed plate (2) through bearing seats, the male pulling driver (3) is fixed on the other side of the fixed plate (2), an output shaft of the male pulling driver (3) is connected with one of the upper rolling rods (1-2), and when the male pulling driver (3) drives one upper rolling rod (1-2) to rotate, the male pulling belts (1-3) of the 2 groups of male pulling belt pulley assemblies (1) can simultaneously rotate;
The aligning mechanism is positioned below the male pulling mechanism and comprises 2 aligning devices (4), each aligning device (4) comprises an aligning supporting rod (4-1) and a spike supporting plate (4-2), the front section (4-2-1) of the spike supporting plate is arc-shaped, the middle section (4-2-2) of the spike supporting plate and the rear section (4-2-3) of the spike supporting plate are linear, the upper sections (4-2-4) of the front section (4-2-1) of the spike supporting plate and the middle section (4-2-2) of the spike supporting plate are linear, the lower section (4-2-5) of the section is arc-shaped, and the rear section (4-2-3) of the spike supporting plate is an extension of the upper section (4-2-4) of the middle section (4-2-2). The middle section (4-2-2) of the ear supporting plate is fixedly connected with the opposite supporting rod (4-1); the circular arc directions of the front sections (4-2-1) of the ear supporting plates on the 2 paired devices (4) are opposite, so that the 2 paired devices (4) are symmetrical and Y-shaped, and the middle sections (4-2-2) of the ear supporting plates of the 2 paired devices (4) and the rear sections (4-2-3) of the ear supporting plates are respectively parallel to each other; the alignment device (4) is fixed on the fixed plate (2) through alignment supporting rods (4-1), the alignment supporting rods (4-1) are positioned below the male pulling mechanism, the symmetrical center lines of the 2 alignment devices (4) are aligned up and down with the symmetrical center lines of the 2 groups of male pulling belt pulley assemblies (1), the middle sections (4-2-2) of the ear supporting plates (4-2) are close to but do not contact with the male pulling belt pulley assemblies (1), the rear sections (4-2-3) of the ear supporting plates (4-2) extend into the V-shaped parts formed by the 2 groups of male pulling belt pulley assemblies (1), the rear sections (4-2-3) of the ear supporting plates are positioned above the 2 lower rolling rods (1-1), and the rear sections (4-2-3) of the ear supporting plates are not contacted with the male pulling belt (1-3);
The mechanism fixing rod (7) is aligned with the symmetrical center line of the fixed plate (2), the mechanism fixing rod (7) and the fixed plate (2) are hinged with the first profiling rod (5) and the second profiling rod (6) respectively, the length of the first profiling rod (5) is equal to that of the second profiling rod (6), the first profiling rod (5) and the second profiling rod (6) are parallel to each other, the lifting oil cylinder (10) is hinged between the second profiling rod (6) and the mechanism fixing rod (7), the mechanism fixing rod (7) is controlled to float up and down simultaneously through the expansion of the lifting oil cylinder (10), the positioning fixing rod (8) is positioned below the mechanism fixing rod (7), the positioning fixing rod (8) is perpendicular to the two ends of the mechanism fixing rod (7), and the positioning fixing rod (8) is provided with two ends of the lifting oil cylinder (9);
The flexible centralizing mechanism is positioned below the aligning mechanism and comprises 2 groups of centralizing assemblies (11), and each group of centralizing assemblies (11) consists of a centralizing bracket (11-1), a centralizing assembly (11-2) and a centralizing driver (11-3); the seedling lifting assembly (11-2) comprises 2 seedling lifting rollers (11-2-1) and a flexible belt (11-2-2), the rotation centers of the 2 seedling lifting rollers (11-2-1) with the same size are parallel to each other, the two ends of the 2 seedling lifting rollers (11-2-1) are aligned, the 2 seedling lifting rollers (11-2-1) are connected by the flexible belt (11-2-2), and the 2 seedling lifting rollers (11-2-1) are fixed on a seedling lifting fixing plate (11-1-1) of the seedling lifting bracket (11-1) through bearing seats; the seedling lifting driver (11-3) is fixed on the seedling lifting fixing plate (11-1-1), and an output shaft of the seedling lifting driver (11-3) is connected with a shaft of the seedling lifting roller (11-2-1) and is used for driving the flexible belt (11-2-2) to rotate; the support extension rod (11-1-2) on the righting support (11-1) is inserted into the positioning fixing tube (9).
2. The tassel removing device for seed production corn according to claim 1, wherein the V-shaped included angle of the 2 sets of the male pulley assemblies (1) is 20 ° -70 °.
3. The tassel removing device for seed production corn according to claim 1, wherein the fixing plate (2) has an inverted trapezoid structure.
4. The tassel removing device for seed production corn according to claim 1, wherein a gap between the 2 paired devices (4) is 1-8cm.
5. The tassel removing device for seed production corn according to claim 1, wherein the height of the righting assembly (11) can be adjusted by inserting the bracket extension rod (11-1-2) into different heights in the positioning fixing tube (9).
6. The tassel removing device for seed production corn according to claim 1, wherein the flexible belts (11-2-2) on the 2 sets of righting assemblies (11) are parallel and aligned with each other, the flexible belts (11-2-2) comprise an inner belt (11-2-2-2-1) and an outer belt (11-2-2-2), the inner belt (11-2-2-1) is flatly laid around between the righting rollers (11-2-1), and the outer belt (11-2-2-2) is fixed on the outer side of the inner belt (11-2-2-1) in a curled manner.
7. The apparatus for removing tassel of corn for seed production according to claim 6, wherein the inner belt (11-2-2-1) and the outer belt (11-2-2-2) are made of rubber or leather.
8. The method for removing the tassel of the seed production corn is characterized in that the tassel removing device of the seed production corn in claim 1 is arranged on an overhead self-propelled driving platform, and a male pulling driver (3), a lifting oil cylinder (10) and a seedling lifting driver (11-3) on the tassel removing device of the seed production corn are connected with a power source on the overhead self-propelled driving platform;
Adjusting the height position of a centralizing assembly (11) of the flexible centralizing mechanism to enable the centralizing assembly (11) to be clamped at the position of the stalk above the corn ear;
adjusting the wheel distance of the overhead self-propelled driving platform to enable the wheels to walk on the ground between corn rows;
Adjusting the position of the seed production corn tassel removing device on the overhead self-propelled driving platform to align the centers of the two paired devices (4) with the female parent corn rows; the front Fang Peizhi light sensing tassel height identification device of the seed corn tassel removing device feeds back tassel height identification signals to a control valve controlling the lifting cylinder (10) to float, and the heights of the alignment mechanism and the tassel extracting mechanism are adjusted in real time according to the tassel heights;
starting the switches of the male pulling driver (3) and the seedling lifting driver (11-3) to enable the male pulling belt pulley assembly (1) and the seedling lifting assembly (11-2) to rotate;
Starting an overhead self-propelled driving platform to walk, firstly, clamping female parent corn stalks by a flexible righting mechanism, enabling corn tassel to enter a counter-walking device (4) from a Y-shaped opening position of the counter-walking mechanism, and clamping the tassel by a tassel drawing belt (1-3) from the lower part of 2 groups of tassel drawing belt assemblies (1) and drawing the tassel from the corn stalks due to the fact that the rear section (4-2-3) of a tassel holding plate on the counter-walking device (4) goes deep into a tassel drawing belt pulley assembly (1), wherein the corn tassel can be contacted with the tassel drawing belt (1-3); thus, the operation of removing the male ears of the female parent corn is completed.
9. The method for removing tassel from seed production corn according to claim 8, wherein when the line number ratio of male parent and female parent of seed production corn to be subjected to the emasculation operation is 1:6, 6 sets of seed production corn tassel removing devices are installed on an overhead self-propelled platform, the upward row spacing of seed production corn mulch films for tassel extracting operation is 40cm, the row spacing between mulch films is 60cm, female parent corn tassel is wrapped in blades during tassel extracting, the average height of the female parent corn tassel from the ground is 1.72m, at the moment, the wheel tread of the overhead self-propelled platform is adjusted according to the row spacing of seed production corn, the whole machine spans and walks between 2 mulch films, the height of the female parent corn tassel from the ground is 1.1m, the height of a 2 sets of centralizing assemblies is adjusted to be 1.2m, corn stalks on the upper parts of the ears can be clamped, a light sensing tassel height identifying device is installed in front of the seed production corn tassel removing devices, a light sensing identifying signal is used for controlling a lifting oil cylinder (10) to float in real time, the overhead self-propelled platform runs at a speed of 4km/h, the rotating speed of a tassel extracting driver (3) is set to 400 revolutions per minute, the rotating speed of a centralizing driver (11-3) is adjusted, the centralizing assembly (11) is enabled to be adjusted, and the cornstalkers are always kept in a state of being not to be inclined.
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