CN111392870A - Method for removing escherichia coli in livestock and poultry wastewater biogas slurry by using aquatic plants - Google Patents
Method for removing escherichia coli in livestock and poultry wastewater biogas slurry by using aquatic plants Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for removing escherichia coli from livestock and poultry wastewater biogas slurry by using aquatic plants comprises the steps of adopting one or more serially connected and communicated aquatic plant ponds in which allium fistulosum and reed are planted in a mixed mode to purify livestock and poultry wastewater, enabling the number of the escherichia coli in the purified water to be less than or equal to 1000/L, comprising 1) the construction of the aquatic plant ponds, 2) the planting of the aquatic plants, and 3) discharging the livestock and poultry wastewater into the aquatic plant ponds in a sequencing batch or continuous water inlet mode, keeping the livestock and poultry wastewater to stay and purify in the aquatic plant ponds for 7 days, and enabling the number of the escherichia coli in the water discharged from the aquatic plant ponds to be less than or equal to 1000/L.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ecological restoration of livestock and poultry wastewater water bodies, in particular to a method for removing escherichia coli from livestock and poultry wastewater biogas slurry by using aquatic plants.
Background
Escherichia coli (Escherichia coli) Escherichia coli, a conditioned pathogen, is described inUnder certain conditions, the medicine can cause gastrointestinal tract infection or urinary tract infection of various local tissues and organs of human beings and various animals. At present, livestock and poultry breeding wastewater in China is generally discharged after anaerobic digestion through a methane tank, and a large number of investigation results show that the number of escherichia coli in effluent of the digestion tank seriously exceeds the standard, the direct discharge seriously harms water safety of surrounding water environment, the survival rate, the laying rate, the weight gain rate and the like of bred piglets are reduced, and the development of livestock and poultry breeding industry is seriously hindered. The plant pond is a natural ecological restoration system, is common in rural areas, and has a certain purification effect on livestock and poultry wastewater in a digestion tank. However, the plants in the plant pond are randomly planted and have small biomass in the natural state, so that the purification efficiency is limited. In addition, the aquatic plant pond has both aerobic and anaerobic habitat areas, can effectively remove organic matters in the water body, but has no specific measures for escherichia coli, and increases the ecological risk of yielding water. The screening and planting of the bacteriostatic and stain-resistant plants can effectively improve the survival rate of the plants and the removal rate of escherichia coli, thereby expanding the application of the aquatic plant pond in the field of livestock and poultry wastewater.
CN104628141A discloses a water body purification method for aquatic plants, which comprises the following steps: acquiring water body information of a water area to be purified; planting water body purification plants in the water area to be purified according to the water body information, wherein the water body purification plants comprise emergent aquatic plants, emerged plants and submerged plants, the emergent aquatic plants comprise at least one of reed, cattail and calamus, the emerged plants comprise duckweed, and the submerged plants comprise at least one of hornworts and potamogeton crispus. The method is complex to operate, is mainly used for purifying nutrient materials in the water body of a water area to be purified in the water body, effectively avoids water body eutrophication, has poor effect of removing pathogenic bacteria such as escherichia coli and the like, and is not suitable for treating livestock wastewater rich in escherichia coli.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: overcomes the defects of the prior art, and provides a method for removing escherichia coli from livestock and poultry wastewater biogas slurry by using aquatic plants, which has the advantages of simple operation, low cost and high pathogenic bacteria removal rate of escherichia coli and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a method for removing escherichia coli in livestock and poultry wastewater biogas slurry by using aquatic plants is characterized in that one or more serially connected aquatic plant ponds in which allium fistulosum and reed are mixed are planted are adopted to purify livestock and poultry wastewater, so that the number of the escherichia coli in purified water is less than or equal to 1000/L.
A method for removing escherichia coli from livestock and poultry wastewater biogas slurry by using aquatic plants comprises the following steps:
1) constructing an aquatic plant pond;
2) planting aquatic plants: planting allium mongolicum regel and reed in an inter-plant mixed planting or block mixed planting mode, wherein the planting density is 5-12 clusters/m2Planting the allium fistulosum and the reed in the aquatic plant according to the planting ratio of (1-2): 1;
3) and (3) discharging livestock and poultry wastewater into the aquatic plant pond in a sequencing batch water inlet mode, and keeping the livestock and poultry wastewater to stay and purify in the aquatic plant pond for more than 7 days, so that the number of escherichia coli in water at a water outlet in the aquatic plant pond is less than or equal to 1000/L.
Preferably, the planting density of the allium mongolicum regel in the aquatic plant pond is 9 clusters/m2Planting the allium fistulosum and the reed in the aquatic plant according to the planting ratio of 1.5: 1.
the construction of the aquatic plant pond in the step 1) comprises the following specific operations: according to the treatment capacity of the livestock and poultry wastewater, an aquatic plant pond with a certain water capacity is constructed, and in order to ensure the conditions of illumination and dissolved oxygen at the bottom of the plant pond, the water depth is not more than 0.5 m. The water inlet mode can be continuous or sequencing batch, wherein when the water inlet mode is continuous water inlet treatment, the water inflow per day is 1/8-1/10 of the water capacity of the aquatic plant pond, and when the water inlet mode is sequencing batch purification treatment, the water inflow per day is 70% -90% of the water capacity of the aquatic plant pond. 3-5cm of quartz sand or gravel is paved at the bottom of the pond, so that the release of pollutants such as bottom sediment escherichia coli and organic matters is effectively reduced, and the aquatic plants are convenient to fix.
And 2), mixedly planting the allium fistulosum and the reeds in a manner of being distributed like a Chinese character jing, and combining the characteristics of massive mixplanting and mixed planting among plants, the growth speed of two aquatic plants of the mixedly planted allium fistulosum and the reeds is obviously improved, the removal characteristics of the allium fistulosum and the reeds on pollutants such as escherichia coli, ammonia nitrogen and the like in the livestock and poultry wastewater are effectively integrated, the removal efficiency of the escherichia coli in the livestock and poultry wastewater is improved, and the purification effect of the aquatic plants on the livestock and poultry wastewater is obviously improved.
And 2), the heights of the allium fistulosum and the reed planted in the aquatic plant pond are respectively 30-40 cm and 20-30cm, the reed can obtain more light and grow quickly in later growth due to strong plant division capacity and large coverage of the reed, if the height of the reed planted in the aquatic plant pond is larger than or equal to that of the allium fistulosum, the quickly-growing reed can inhibit the growth of the allium fistulosum on the contrary, so that the removal efficiency of the aquatic plant pond in which the allium fistulosum and the reed are planted in a mixed mode on escherichia coli in livestock and poultry wastewater is reduced, and through long-term practice, the applicant is beneficial to the growth of the allium fistulosum and the reed due to the fact that the height of the reed plant is at least 10-20 cm lower than that of the allium fistulosum, and the promotion effect of the allium fistulosum and the reed can be maximized.
Step 2), planting the aquatic plant further comprises: pruning the plant for 2 times per year in 6-7 months and 12-1 months while maintaining the height of the reed at least 10-20 cm lower than that of the allium mongolicum regel.
The invention further improves the scheme as follows: a method for removing escherichia coli from livestock and poultry wastewater biogas slurry by using aquatic plants comprises the following steps:
1) constructing an aquatic plant pond: according to the treatment capacity of the livestock and poultry wastewater, a plurality of aquatic plant ponds with certain water capacity are constructed, the aquatic plant ponds are communicated in an upstream-downstream serial mode according to the water flow direction, quartz sand or gravel with the depth of 3-5cm is paved at the bottom of each pond, and the water depth in each plant pond is not more than 0.5 m;
2) planting aquatic plants: planting allium mongolicum regel and reed in an inter-plant mixed planting or block mixed planting mode, wherein the planting density is 5-12 clusters/m2Planting the allium fistulosum and the reed in the aquatic plant according to the planting ratio of (1-2): 1;
3) discharging livestock wastewater into the aquatic plant pond in a sequencing batch water inlet mode, keeping the livestock wastewater to stay and purify in the aquatic plant pond for 7 days, detecting the number of escherichia coli in water at a water outlet in the aquatic plant pond after 7 days, executing the step 4) if the number of the escherichia coli is less than or equal to 1000/L, and executing the step 5) if the number of the escherichia coli is more than 1000/L;
4) discharging 2/3 water from the aquatic plant pond, and then discharging the next batch of livestock wastewater to the aquatic plant pond for purification treatment;
5) discharging 2/3-1/2 water in the aquatic plant pond to the downstream aquatic plant pond, deeply purifying for a certain time, and discharging the water to reach the standard, meanwhile, injecting 1/3 culture wastewater into the aquatic plant pond, continuously purifying for 7 days to enable the number of escherichia coli in the wastewater to be less than or equal to 1000/L, and otherwise, repeating the step 3).
The method for removing escherichia coli from livestock wastewater, biogas slurry and aquatic plants has the beneficial effects that:
the method has the advantages of simple operation, good landscape, low cost, high purification and removal rate of Escherichia coli in the livestock wastewater, small occupied area of the system, low operation cost and high application value.
The allium fistulosum and the reed are mixed and planted in an interplant or blocky mixed and planted mode, particularly in a mode of being distributed like a Chinese character jing, the growth of the reed and the allium fistulosum is mutually promoted, root exudates of the allium fistulosum and the reed possibly have components for inhibiting the growth and the propagation of escherichia coli, and the allium fistulosum and the reed have strong removal capacity on the escherichia coli.
The livestock and poultry wastewater is subjected to multi-stage treatment by adopting the plurality of serially connected and communicated aquatic plant ponds, so that aquatic plants can be planted by utilizing nutrient components in the livestock and poultry wastewater, good landscape is formed, the livestock and poultry wastewater can be efficiently purified, and the environmental pollution is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the cultivation of aquatic plants in an aquatic plant pond in the method for removing Escherichia coli from livestock and poultry wastewater biogas slurry by using aquatic plants in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of an aquatic plant pond in the method for removing Escherichia coli from livestock and poultry wastewater biogas slurry by using aquatic plants in example 2;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the aquatic plant cultivation in the aquatic plant pond in the method for removing Escherichia coli from livestock and poultry wastewater biogas slurry by using aquatic plants in example 2;
FIG. 4 is another schematic diagram of the distribution of an aquatic plant pond in the method for removing Escherichia coli from livestock and poultry wastewater biogas slurry by using aquatic plants according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is another schematic diagram of aquatic plant cultivation in an aquatic plant pond in the method for removing escherichia coli from livestock and poultry wastewater biogas slurry by using aquatic plants.
In the figure: 1-reed, 2-allium mongolicum regel, 3-first-level aquatic plant pond, 4-second-level aquatic plant pond and 5-third-level aquatic plant pond.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a method for removing escherichia coli from livestock and poultry wastewater biogas slurry by using aquatic plants comprises the following steps:
1) constructing an aquatic plant pond;
2) planting aquatic plants: planting allium fistulosum and reed in an inter-plant mixed planting or block mixed planting mode, wherein the planting density of the allium fistulosum is 9 clusters/m2Planting the allium fistulosum and the reed in the aquatic plant according to the planting ratio of 1.5: 1;
3) and (2) discharging livestock and poultry wastewater into the aquatic plant pond in a sequencing batch water inlet mode, and keeping the livestock and poultry wastewater to stay and purify in the aquatic plant pond for 7 days, so that the number of escherichia coli in water in the aquatic plant pond is less than or equal to 1000/L.
The construction of the aquatic plant pond in the step 1) comprises the following specific operations: the method has the advantages that the aquatic plant ponds with the length, width and height of 1.8m, 1.5m and 1m are constructed, 5cm of quartz sand or gravel is paved at the bottom of each pond, the release of pollutants such as bottom sediment escherichia coli and organic matters is effectively reduced, and the aquatic plants are convenient to field-plant.
And 2), mixedly planting the allium fistulosum and the reeds in a manner of being distributed like a Chinese character jing, and combining the characteristics of massive mixplanting and mixed planting among plants, the growth speed of two aquatic plants of the mixedly planted allium fistulosum and the reeds is obviously improved, the removal characteristics of the allium fistulosum and the reeds on pollutants such as escherichia coli, ammonia nitrogen and the like in the livestock and poultry wastewater are effectively integrated, the removal efficiency of the escherichia coli in the livestock and poultry wastewater is improved, and the purification effect of the aquatic plants on the livestock and poultry wastewater is obviously improved.
And 2) the heights of the plants of the allium fistulosum and the reed planted in the aquatic plant pond are respectively 30 +/-5 cm and 25 +/-5 cm, and the reed has strong plant division capacity and large coverage, so that the reed can obtain more light for fast growth in later growth, the difference between the plant height of the reed and the plant height of the allium fistulosum can be quickly reduced, the growth of the allium fistulosum can be promoted, the growth promoting effect of the allium fistulosum and the reed can be maximized, the components for inhibiting growth and reproduction of escherichia coli can be quickly synthesized and secreted, and the quantity of the escherichia coli in water in the growing plant pond can be removed.
Step 2), planting the aquatic plant further comprises: the plants were pruned 2 times a year (6-7 months and 12-1 months, respectively) and the height of the reed plants was kept at least 10-20 cm lower than the height of the allium fistulosum plants.
By adopting the method for removing escherichia coli from livestock wastewater biogas slurry by using the aquatic plant in the embodiment, the water entering the aquatic plant pond is pig farm wastewater, the detection shows that the range of the number of the escherichia coli in the pig farm wastewater is 20000-.
It is noted that the planting density of the aquatic plants in the aquatic plant pond can be adjusted to 5 clusters/m according to the quantity of escherichia coli in the livestock wastewater26 clusters/m27 clusters/m28 clusters/m2And 12 clusters/m2Correspondingly, the planting ratio of the reed and the allium fistulosum in the aquatic plant can be 1: 2, 1: 1.8 (the planting schematic diagram of the aquatic plant is shown in figure 5), 1: 1.75, 1: 1.6, 1: 1.2 or 1: 1.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the method for removing escherichia coli from livestock and poultry wastewater biogas slurry by using aquatic plants comprises the following steps:
1) constructing an aquatic plant pond: according to the treatment capacity of livestock and poultry wastewater, 2 aquatic plant ponds with certain water capacity are constructed and communicated in series, and a single aquatic plant pond with the length, width and height of 1.5m, 1m and 1m is constructed, namely a primary aquatic plant pond and a secondary aquatic plant pond, wherein the secondary aquatic plant pond is communicated with a water outlet of the primary aquatic plant pond in series, namely, water discharged from the water outlet of the primary aquatic plant pond directly enters the secondary aquatic plant pond, and quartz sand or gravel of 4cm is paved at the bottom of the pond as shown in figure 2;
2) planting aquatic plants: planting herba Alii Fistulosi and rhizoma Phragmitis in mixed planting manner of plants or block, wherein the herba Alii Fistulosi is adjacent to the periphery of the aquatic plant pond and has planting density of 9 clusters/m2The planting proportion of the allium fistulosum and the reed in the aquatic plant is 2: 1;
3) discharging livestock wastewater into the aquatic plant pond in a sequencing batch water inlet mode, keeping the livestock wastewater to stay and purify in the aquatic plant pond for 7 days, detecting the number of escherichia coli in water in the aquatic plant pond after 7 days, executing the step 4) if the number of the escherichia coli is less than or equal to 1000/L, and executing the step 5) if the number of the escherichia coli is more than 1000/L;
4) discharging 2/3 water from the aquatic plant pond, and then discharging the next batch of livestock wastewater to the aquatic plant pond for purification treatment;
5) discharging 2/3-1/2 water in the aquatic plant pond to the downstream aquatic plant pond, deeply purifying for a certain time, and discharging the water to reach the standard, meanwhile, injecting 1/3 culture wastewater into the aquatic plant pond, continuously purifying for 7 days to enable the number of escherichia coli in the wastewater to be less than or equal to 1000/L, and otherwise, repeating the step 3);
in the step 1), the plurality of serially connected and communicated aquatic plant ponds are distributed in a step shape according to the water flow direction (namely, the upstream aquatic plant pond is positioned above the downstream aquatic plant pond), so that water in the aquatic plant pond can flow conveniently, and the water in the upstream aquatic plant pond flows into the downstream aquatic plant pond and is fully mixed with the water contained in the upstream aquatic plant pond by utilizing the height difference of the step shape distribution, so that the purification efficiency and the purification effect of aquatic plants in the downstream aquatic plant pond on the water body are accelerated, and the number of escherichia coli in the water is efficiently removed.
It should be noted that, if the number of the serially connected aquatic plant ponds is preferably 2 to 6 due to the limitation of the land area of a single aquatic plant pond, the number of the aquatic plant ponds used in the method for removing escherichia coli from livestock and poultry wastewater, biogas slurry and escherichia coli by using the aquatic plants of the present invention may be 3, 4, 5 and 6 in addition to the 2 serially connected aquatic plant ponds exemplified in example 2, and the number of the aquatic plant ponds connected in series upstream and downstream may be set as follows: the water discharge device can be connected in series one by one, or a plurality of upstream aquatic plant ponds can be arranged in parallel, and then connected in series with downstream aquatic plant ponds, if 3 primary aquatic plant ponds and 1 secondary aquatic plant pond exist, the water discharged from the 3 primary aquatic plant ponds can directly enter the secondary aquatic plant pond; or 3 first-stage aquatic plant ponds, 2 second-stage aquatic plant ponds and 1 third-stage aquatic plant pond, wherein the first-stage aquatic plant ponds, the second-stage aquatic plant ponds and the third-stage aquatic plant ponds are communicated in series, as shown in figure 4.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for removing escherichia coli in livestock and poultry wastewater biogas slurry by using aquatic plants is characterized in that one or more serially connected aquatic plant ponds in which allium fistulosum and reed are mixed are planted are adopted to purify livestock and poultry wastewater, so that the number of the escherichia coli in the purified water is less than or equal to 1000/L.
2. The method for removing escherichia coli from livestock and poultry wastewater biogas slurry by using aquatic plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises:
constructing an aquatic plant pond;
planting aquatic plants: the allium mongolicum regel and the reed are planted in a mixed mode in a way of being distributed like a Chinese character jing, and the planting density is 5-12 clusters/m2Planting the allium fistulosum and the reed in the aquatic plant according to the planting ratio of (1-2): 1;
and (2) discharging the livestock and poultry wastewater into the aquatic plant pond in a sequencing batch water inlet mode, and keeping the livestock and poultry wastewater purified in the aquatic plant pond for more than 7 days, so that the number of escherichia coli in water in the aquatic plant pond is less than or equal to 1000/L.
3. The method for removing escherichia coli from livestock and poultry wastewater biogas slurry by using aquatic plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
constructing an aquatic plant pond: according to the treatment capacity of the livestock and poultry wastewater, a plurality of aquatic plant ponds with certain water capacity are constructed, the aquatic plant ponds are communicated in series up and down according to the water flow direction, quartz sand or gravel with the depth of 3-5cm is paved at the bottom of each pond, and the water depth in each plant pond is not more than 0.5m in order to ensure good illumination and dissolved oxygen environment at the bottom of each pond;
planting aquatic emergent aquatic plants: the allium mongolicum regel and the reed are planted in a mixed mode in a way of being distributed like a Chinese character jing, and the planting density is 5-12 clusters/m2Planting the allium fistulosum and the reed in the aquatic plant according to the planting ratio of (1-2): 1;
discharging livestock wastewater into the aquatic plant pond in a sequencing batch water inlet mode, keeping the livestock wastewater to stay and purify in the aquatic plant pond for 7 days, detecting the number of escherichia coli in water at a water outlet of the aquatic plant pond after 7 days, executing the step 4) if the number of the escherichia coli is less than or equal to 1000/L, and executing the step 5) if the number of the escherichia coli is more than 1000/L;
discharging 2/3 volumes of water bodies in the aquatic plant pond, and then discharging the next batch of livestock wastewater to the aquatic plant pond for purification treatment;
5) discharging 2/3-1/2 water in the aquatic plant pond to the downstream aquatic plant pond, deeply purifying for a certain time, and discharging after reaching the standard;
meanwhile, 1/3 aquaculture wastewater is injected into the aquatic plant pond to be purified for 7 days continuously, so that the number of escherichia coli in the wastewater is less than or equal to 1000/L, and otherwise, the step 3) is repeated.
4. The method for removing escherichia coli from livestock wastewater, biogas slurry and water according to claim 2, wherein the step 1) of constructing the water plant pond comprises the following specific operations: paving 3-5cm of quartz sand or gravel at the bottom of the pond, wherein the water depth is not more than 0.5 m; the water inlet mode can be continuous or sequencing batch, wherein when the water inlet mode is continuous water inlet treatment, the water inflow per day is 1/8-1/10 of the water capacity of the aquatic plant pond, and when the water inlet mode is sequencing batch purification treatment, the water inflow per day is 70% -90% of the water capacity of the aquatic plant pond.
5. The method for removing escherichia coli from livestock wastewater, biogas slurry and water according to claim 2 or 3, wherein in the step 2), the allium fistulosum and the reed are mixed and planted in a manner of being distributed like a Chinese character jing.
6. The method for removing escherichia coli from livestock and poultry wastewater biogas slurry by using aquatic plants as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the step 2), planting the aquatic plants further comprises: pruning the plant for 2 times per year in 6-7 months and 12-1 months while maintaining the height of the reed at least 10-20 cm lower than that of the allium mongolicum regel.
7. The method for removing escherichia coli from livestock and poultry wastewater biogas slurry by using aquatic plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planting density of allium mongolicum regel in the aquatic plant pond is 9 clumps/m2Planting the allium fistulosum and the reed in the aquatic plant according to the planting ratio of 1.5: 1.
8. the method for removing escherichia coli from livestock and poultry wastewater biogas slurry by using aquatic plants as claimed in claim 3, wherein the aquatic plant ponds which are communicated in series upstream and downstream are arranged as follows: the upstream aquatic plant ponds are arranged in parallel and are communicated with the downstream aquatic plant ponds in series.
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