CN111386781A - Method for improving coastal saline soil - Google Patents

Method for improving coastal saline soil Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111386781A
CN111386781A CN202010203702.5A CN202010203702A CN111386781A CN 111386781 A CN111386781 A CN 111386781A CN 202010203702 A CN202010203702 A CN 202010203702A CN 111386781 A CN111386781 A CN 111386781A
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China
Prior art keywords
soil
steel slag
cloth
organic
ground surface
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CN202010203702.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘建玲
崔庆源
张凤华
刘卫东
廖文华
张树盛
吴晶
谢娇
郭巨秋
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Hebei Yangang Technology Co ltd
Heibei Agricultural University
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Hebei Yangang Technology Co ltd
Heibei Agricultural University
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Priority to CN202010203702.5A priority Critical patent/CN111386781A/en
Publication of CN111386781A publication Critical patent/CN111386781A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D3/00Calcareous fertilisers
    • C05D3/02Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/40Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2101/00Agricultural use

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving coastal saline soil, which comprises the following steps of (1) fermenting organic materials and desulfurized gypsum to increase calcium solubility, adding organic materials such as crop straws or waste branches or cow and sheep manures and the like into mixed bacteria of desulfurized gypsum, enzyme bacteria and bacillus according to a mass ratio, fermenting to a semi-decomposed state to obtain a material A, (2) replacing sodium ions in the saline soil by calcium ions, mixing the material A and the saline soil into a material B, (3) mixing the material B and fine steel slag into a material C according to a volume ratio, and (4) improving a soil layer, wherein ① is used for paving coarse steel slag at a position which is 150cm away from the ground surface or at a critical position of underground water, paving waste dedusting cloth or geotechnical cloth on ② coarse steel slag, paving a material C on the cloth, and paving the thickness is 40-100cm and is 5-10 cm. higher than the ground surface, so that the coastal saline soil is improved by using solid wastes to green, and the problems of planting plant resources, high cost, ecological environment damage and the like are solved.

Description

Method for improving coastal saline soil
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for improving coastal beach saline soil by using solid wastes such as steel slag, desulfurized gypsum and the like of a steel mill and organic wastes and the like in an agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry system as main materials.
Background
The method is mainly used for solving the problems that saline soil in coastal beaches of China has high salinity, shallow groundwater level, high mineralization degree of underground water and extremely poor chemical properties of soil objects, and is difficult to be used for agriculture, wherein the soil salinity is more than 0.5%, the groundwater level is less than 0.5m, the mineralization degree of underground water is more than 40 g/L, the soil viscosity is less than 0.01mm, the soil air permeability is poor, if soil improvement is not carried out, plants cannot grow, most of beach saline lands of China are developed into industrial parks, greening plants in the industrial parks are planted into a great difficulty, based on the principle that salt comes along with water, salt goes along with water, the traditional saline-alkali soil improvement technologies mainly comprise water washing salt, soil salinity of the planting soil layer is reduced in combination with the beach salt discharge, forest land, deficient soil is combined with application of organic fertilizer, the soil is suitable for plant growth, the land reclamation, the soil mineralization, the soil reclamation, the land reclamation, the drainage, the land reclamation, the drainage, the soil, the land reclamation, the soil, the land reclamation, the land, the soil reclamation, the soil reclamation, the soil reclamation, the soil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving coastal saline soil, which solves the problem of planting greening plants in coastal beach saline land by using a soil dressing method at present.
The idea of the invention is that. The method for improving the coastal beach salt land is provided by utilizing industrial solid wastes such as steel slag, desulfurized gypsum, waste dust bags and the like in a steel mill and combining with organic wastes in agriculture, forestry waste branches, cattle and sheep manure and other agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry systems. The key technology is as follows: 1) digging a pit: the depth of the soil profile is determined according to the requirements of the planted plant root system, and is generally controlled to be 50-100 cm. 2) Blocking soil capillaries: coarse steel slag with the grain size of about 3mm is paved in a soil pit with the grain size of about 100cm, or a shallow underground water level is directly paved at a critical layer of the underground water level, and the effect of the coarse steel slag is to block soil capillaries so as to prevent salt in the underground water from being transported to the ground surface along with water. 3) Soil separation cloth: waste dedusting cloth or geotextile is laid on the coarse steel slag, so that the improved soil laid on the upper layer is prevented from leaking downwards and blocking gaps of the steel slag, salt in the underground saline water is moved upwards to the ground surface after the soil capillary is communicated, and fresh water in irrigation of greening plants is not prevented from being sprayed to the underground water. 4) Fermenting the organic material and the desulfurized gypsum: organic materials and desulfurized gypsum are fermented together, so that organic acid substances generated during decomposition of the organic materials are combined with calcium ions to form organic calcium salts, the solubility of calcium is increased, and after the organic compounds of calcium are mixed with saline soil, the sodium ions in the saline soil are replaced by the calcium ions, so that the aggregate structure of the soil is improved. 5) Improving the air permeability of soil: the mud flat saline soil texture is sticky, clay particles smaller than 0.01mm are mainly used in the soil mechanical composition, and the soil permeability is poor. Therefore, the fermented organic matter, the saline soil and part of the fine steel slag with the grain diameter of about 1-3mm are mixed to increase the permeability of the soil, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the physical properties of the soil. When organic materials are fermented, the enzyme bacteria are added to mainly contribute to mineralization and degradation of the organic materials and organic matters applied to soil, and the bacillus is added to mainly contribute to building a good soil microbial area system to facilitate plant growth.
Specifically, the method of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) organic material and desulfurized gypsum are fermented to increase calcium solubility
Taking organic materials such as crop straws or waste branches or cow and sheep manure or crude fibers obtained after solid-liquid separation of cow manure as main materials, adding 2.5-10% of desulfurized gypsum, 0.2-0.4% of mixed bacteria of ferment bacteria and bacillus according to the mass ratio, controlling the water content to be about 50%, and performing mixed fermentation to a semi-decomposed state with C/N40-50: 1 to obtain a material A;
(2) reconstructed soil aggregate structure
According to volume ratio, A: primary saline soil =1: (1-3) mixing to obtain a material B, combining organic acid generated by fermentation and degradation of organic materials with calcium in the desulfurized gypsum to form an organic calcium salt, and replacing sodium ions in the saline soil with calcium ions of the organic calcium salt to form a soil aggregate structure;
(3) increase the air permeability of soil
According to the volume ratio, B: fine steel slag =1 (0.2-0.5) is mixed to form a C material, wherein the grain size of the fine steel slag is 1-3mm, and the porosity of the soil is increased and the air permeability of the soil is improved after the fine steel slag is mixed so as to be suitable for plant growth;
(4) blocking soil capillary, preventing underground salt from moving upwards and upper soil from moving downwards
① the coarse steel slag with a grain size larger than 3mm is laid at a position 100-150cm away from the ground surface, the specific laying thickness is determined according to the soil thickness required by the growth of the root system of the planted plant, the laying thickness is 30-50cm, or in the region with shallow underground water level, the coarse steel slag is laid at the critical position of underground water to block the capillary of the soil and prevent the salt of the underground water from moving to the ground surface along with the water.
② waste dedusting cloth or geotextile is placed on the coarse steel slag, and the joints need to be lapped with each other to prevent the fine soil of the improved soil laid on the cloth from moving downwards and blocking the gap between the steel slag, and then the capillary tube of the soil is communicated;
(5) reconstructed improved soil body
And C materials are laid on the waste dust removing cloth, wherein the laying thickness is 40-100cm, and the laying thickness is 5-10cm higher than the ground surface, so that the soil is prevented from sinking to a height lower than the ground surface.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the method for improving coastal beach salinized land is formed by combining solid wastes such as steel slag, desulfurized gypsum, waste dust removal cloth bags and the like in a steel mill with organic wastes such as crop straws, forestry waste branches, cow and sheep manure and the like, and solves the problems of high planting cost of plants, lack of soil dressing resources, damage to ecological environment by soil dressing in the existing beach salinized land. Meanwhile, the solid wastes of the steel mill are recycled, and the economic and ecological benefits are obvious.
Detailed Description
The following examples serve to illustrate the invention.
Example 1
A method for improving coastal saline soil comprises the following steps:
(1) organic material and desulfurized gypsum are fermented to increase calcium solubility
Taking cow dung or organic materials such as crude fiber and the like obtained after solid-liquid separation of cow dung as main materials, adding 2.5-10% of desulfurized gypsum, 0.2-0.4% of mixed bacteria of ferment bacteria and bacillus according to the mass ratio, controlling the water content to be about 50%, and performing mixed fermentation to a semi-decomposed state with C/N40-50: 1 to obtain a material A;
(2) reconstructed soil aggregate structure
According to volume ratio, A: primary saline soil =1: (1-3) mixing to obtain a material B, combining organic acid generated by fermentation and degradation of organic materials with calcium in the desulfurized gypsum to form an organic calcium salt, and replacing sodium ions in the saline soil with calcium ions of the organic calcium salt to form a soil aggregate structure;
(3) increase the air permeability of soil
According to the volume ratio, B: fine steel slag =1 (0.2-0.5) is mixed to form a C material, wherein the grain size of the fine steel slag is 1-3mm, and the porosity of the soil is increased and the air permeability of the soil is improved after the fine steel slag is mixed so as to be suitable for plant growth;
(4) blocking soil capillary, preventing underground salt from moving upwards and upper soil from moving downwards
① the coarse steel slag with the grain size larger than 3mm is laid at the position 100-150cm away from the ground surface, and a 100-150-sand pit is dug in advance to block the capillary of the soil and prevent the salt of the underground water from moving to the ground surface along with the water.
② waste dedusting cloth or geotextile is placed on the coarse steel slag, and the joints need to be lapped with each other to prevent the fine soil of the improved soil laid on the cloth from moving downwards and blocking the gap between the steel slag, and then the capillary tube of the soil is communicated;
(5) reconstructed improved soil body
And C materials are laid on the waste dust removing cloth, wherein the laying thickness is 40-100cm, and the laying thickness is 5-10cm higher than the ground surface, so that the soil is prevented from sinking to a height lower than the ground surface.
Example 2
A method for improving coastal saline soil comprises the following steps:
(1) organic material and desulfurized gypsum are fermented to increase calcium solubility
Adding 2.5-10% of desulfurized gypsum, 0.2-0.4% of mixed bacteria of ferment bacteria and bacillus into sheep manure serving as a main material according to the mass ratio, controlling the water content to be about 50%, and performing mixed fermentation to a semi-decomposed state with the C/N ratio of about 40-50:1 to obtain a material A;
(2) reconstructed soil aggregate structure
According to volume ratio, A: primary saline soil =1: (1-3) mixing to obtain a material B, combining organic acid generated by fermentation and degradation of organic materials with calcium in the desulfurized gypsum to form an organic calcium salt, and replacing sodium ions in the saline soil with calcium ions of the organic calcium salt to form a soil aggregate structure;
(3) increase the air permeability of soil
According to the volume ratio, B: fine steel slag =1 (0.2-0.5) is mixed to form a C material, wherein the grain size of the fine steel slag is 1-3mm, and the porosity of the soil is increased and the air permeability of the soil is improved after the fine steel slag is mixed so as to be suitable for plant growth;
(4) blocking soil capillary, preventing underground salt from moving upwards and upper soil from moving downwards
① laying the coarse steel slag with a grain size of more than 3mm at a distance of 100-150cm from the ground surface, and laying the coarse steel slag with a thickness of 30-50cm to block the capillary of the soil and prevent the salt of the underground water from moving to the ground surface along with the water.
② waste dedusting cloth or geotextile is placed on the coarse steel slag, and the joints need to be lapped with each other to prevent the fine soil of the improved soil laid on the cloth from moving downwards and blocking the gap between the steel slag, and then the capillary tube of the soil is communicated;
(5) reconstructed improved soil body
And C materials are laid on the waste dust removing cloth, wherein the laying thickness is 40-100cm, and the laying thickness is 5-10cm higher than the ground surface, so that the soil is prevented from sinking to a height lower than the ground surface.
Example 3
A method for improving coastal saline soil comprises the following steps:
(1) organic material and desulfurized gypsum are fermented to increase calcium solubility
Taking crop straws or waste branches as a main material, adding 2.5-10% of desulfurized gypsum, 0.2-0.4% of mixed bacteria of ferment bacteria and bacillus according to the mass ratio, controlling the water content to be about 50%, mixing and fermenting to a semi-decomposed state, and obtaining a material A by C/N40-50: 1;
(2) reconstructed soil aggregate structure
According to volume ratio, A: primary saline soil =1: (1-3) mixing to obtain a material B, combining organic acid generated by fermentation and degradation of organic materials with calcium in the desulfurized gypsum to form an organic calcium salt, and replacing sodium ions in the saline soil with calcium ions of the organic calcium salt to form a soil aggregate structure;
(3) increase the air permeability of soil
According to the volume ratio, B: fine steel slag =1 (0.2-0.5) is mixed to form a C material, wherein the grain size of the fine steel slag is 1-3mm, and the porosity of the soil is increased and the air permeability of the soil is improved after the fine steel slag is mixed so as to be suitable for plant growth;
(4) blocking soil capillary, preventing underground salt from moving upwards and upper soil from moving downwards
① coarse steel slag with a grain size of more than 3mm is laid at the critical position of underground water to block the capillary of soil and prevent the salt of underground water from moving to earth surface with water.
② waste dedusting cloth or geotextile is placed on the coarse steel slag, and the joints need to be lapped with each other to prevent the fine soil of the improved soil laid on the cloth from moving downwards and blocking the gap between the steel slag, and then the capillary tube of the soil is communicated;
(5) reconstructed improved soil body
And C materials are laid on the waste dust removing cloth, wherein the laying thickness is 40-100cm, and the laying thickness is 5-10cm higher than the ground surface, so that the soil is prevented from sinking to a height lower than the ground surface.

Claims (1)

1. A method for improving coastal saline soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) organic material and desulfurized gypsum are fermented to increase calcium solubility
Taking crop straws or waste branches or cow and sheep manure or crude fiber organic materials obtained after solid-liquid separation of cow manure as main materials, adding 2.5-10% of desulfurized gypsum, 0.2-0.4% of mixed bacteria of ferment bacteria and bacillus according to the mass ratio, controlling the water content at 50%, and performing mixed fermentation to a semi-decomposed state to obtain a material A;
(2) reconstructed soil aggregate structure
According to volume ratio, A: primary saline soil =1: (1-3) mixing to obtain a material B, combining organic acid generated by fermentation and degradation of organic materials with calcium in the desulfurized gypsum to form an organic calcium salt, and replacing sodium ions in the saline soil with calcium ions of the organic calcium salt to form a soil aggregate structure;
(3) increase the air permeability of soil
According to the volume ratio, B: fine steel slag =1 (0.2-0.5) is mixed to form a C material, wherein the grain size of the fine steel slag is 1-3mm, and the porosity of the soil is increased and the air permeability of the soil is improved after the fine steel slag is mixed so as to be suitable for plant growth;
(4) blocking soil capillary, preventing underground salt from moving upwards and upper soil from moving downwards
① laying coarse steel slag with a particle size of more than 3mm at a distance of 100-150cm from the ground surface, wherein the laying thickness is determined according to the soil thickness required by the growth of the root system of the planted plant, and the laying thickness is 30-50cm, or laying the coarse steel slag at the critical position of underground water in the region with shallow underground water level to block the capillary of the soil and prevent the salt of the underground water from being transferred to the ground surface along with the water;
② waste dedusting cloth or geotextile is placed on the coarse steel slag, and the joints need to be lapped with each other to prevent the fine soil of the improved soil laid on the cloth from moving downwards and blocking the gap between the steel slag, and then the capillary tube of the soil is communicated;
(5) reconstructed improved soil body
And C materials are laid on the waste dust removal cloth or the geotechnical cloth, wherein the laying thickness is 40-100cm and is 5-10cm higher than the ground surface.
CN202010203702.5A 2020-03-20 2020-03-20 Method for improving coastal saline soil Pending CN111386781A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006305540A (en) * 2005-05-02 2006-11-09 Toru Ueda Highly efficient lactic acid/succinic acid manufacturing method using rice straw and soil conditioner manufacturing method
CN105917787A (en) * 2016-06-12 2016-09-07 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 Method for fast and efficient improvement greening of coastal saline soil
CN106220404A (en) * 2016-07-12 2016-12-14 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 Inland alkaline land improving fertilizer and modification method thereof
CN108650924A (en) * 2018-06-06 2018-10-16 上海绿地环境科技股份有限公司 The method for building the salt-soda soil soil body is disposed in green plants waste sorting
CN110547065A (en) * 2019-09-07 2019-12-10 正大农业科技(浙江)有限公司 method for improving saline-alkali soil by using composite waste

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006305540A (en) * 2005-05-02 2006-11-09 Toru Ueda Highly efficient lactic acid/succinic acid manufacturing method using rice straw and soil conditioner manufacturing method
CN105917787A (en) * 2016-06-12 2016-09-07 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 Method for fast and efficient improvement greening of coastal saline soil
CN106220404A (en) * 2016-07-12 2016-12-14 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 Inland alkaline land improving fertilizer and modification method thereof
CN108650924A (en) * 2018-06-06 2018-10-16 上海绿地环境科技股份有限公司 The method for building the salt-soda soil soil body is disposed in green plants waste sorting
CN110547065A (en) * 2019-09-07 2019-12-10 正大农业科技(浙江)有限公司 method for improving saline-alkali soil by using composite waste

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胡永军: "《寿光菜农设施蔬菜连作障碍防控技术》", 30 September 2011 *

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