CN111276330A

CN111276330A - Self-healing high-voltage dry capacitor

Info

Publication number: CN111276330A
Application number: CN202010184548.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 童克锋; 赵凤龙; 徐刚; 洪磊
Original assignee: NINGBO JIANGBEI GOFRONT HERONG ELECTRIC CO Ltd
Current assignee: NINGBO JIANGBEI GOFRONT HERONG ELECTRIC CO Ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-17
Filing date: 2020-03-17
Publication date: 2020-06-12

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-healing high-voltage dry capacitor, which comprises: the utility model provides a dry-type capacitor, including casing, self-healing high pressure dry-type capacitor body set up in the casing, self-healing high pressure dry-type capacitor body includes the polar plate, the polar plate includes the base plate, in the substrate surface is equipped with activated carbon fiber cloth, activated carbon fiber cloth's material is made for polyacrylonitrile, in carbon nanotube is established to activated carbon fiber cloth's surface. The invention mainly combines the advantages of the activated carbon fiber cloth through the characteristics of the carbon nano-tube, so that the invention has the advantages of high power density, quick charge and discharge, large capacitance value, long service life and the like.

Description

Self-healing high-voltage dry capacitor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of capacitors, in particular to a self-healing high-voltage dry capacitor.

Background

The basic principle of the capacitor is that the capacitor is composed of two parallel conductive sheets separated by space or dielectric, when current flows into the capacitor, the two conductive sheets start to accumulate positive and negative charges with equal quantity, so that the potential difference between the two conductive sheets is gradually increased, and the capacitor is often used as an energy storage component due to the characteristic of the capacitor.

However, the most common problem encountered when using capacitors as energy storage devices is the problem between the energy storage capacity and the charge/discharge rate. For example, although activated carbon has the advantage of large surface area, when activated carbon is used for a plate of a capacitor, the overall energy storage capacity of the capacitor can be greatly improved. However, the disadvantage is that the capacitor using activated carbon results in a large increase in the overall charge-discharge time. Therefore, the inventor of the present invention has considered that a means for improving the capacitance should be found to not only make the capacitance retain the characteristic of large surface area of activated carbon, but also make the capacitance have the advantage of rapid charging and discharging to solve the aforementioned problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a self-healing high-voltage dry capacitor, which has the following technical scheme:

a self-healing high voltage dry capacitor, comprising:

casing, self-healing high voltage dry capacitor body set up in the casing, self-healing high voltage dry capacitor body includes the polar plate, the polar plate includes the base plate, in the base plate surface is equipped with activated carbon fiber cloth (activated carbon cloth, ACC), activated carbon fiber cloth's material is polyacrylonitrile (polyacrylonitrile, PAN) and makes, in Carbon Nanotube (CNT) is established on activated carbon fiber cloth's surface.

Compared with the prior art, the invention eliminates the contact resistance between the polar plate and the current collector through the carbon nano-tube, thereby improving the integral power, and meanwhile, the carbon nano-tube can be connected with the fiber of the activated carbon fiber cloth, so that the internal resistance of the polar plate can be greatly reduced, and the integral maximum power density is improved. Moreover, the carbon nanotubes can increase the diffusion rate of electrons, so that the whole capacitor has excellent charge and discharge capacity, and the combination of the activated carbon fiber cloth and the carbon nanotubes can further increase the service life of the capacitor, and the cycle service life of the capacitor can be more than 20000 times.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the present creation

FIG. 2 shows a method for fabricating a plate

FIG. 3 shows a method for preparing the electrolyte

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a conductive terminal

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the connection of the components

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a layered structure of a plate

The figures in the drawings represent:

1 casing

2 self-healing high-voltage dry capacitor body

21 polar plate

211 base plate

212 activated carbon fiber cloth

213 carbon nanotube

3 conductive terminal

4 strip plate

5 discharge resistance

6 temperature controller

7 breaker

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 6, the present invention relates to a self-healing high-voltage dry capacitor, which includes:

casing 1, self-healing high pressure dry capacitor body 2 set up in the casing 1, self-healing high pressure dry capacitor body 2 includes polar plate 21, polar plate 21 includes base plate 211, in base plate 211 surface is equipped with activated Carbon fiber cloth (activated Carbon cloth, ACC)212, the material of activated Carbon fiber cloth 212 is polyacrylonitrile (polyacrylonitrile, PAN) system, in Carbon Nanotube (CNT) 213 is established on activated Carbon fiber cloth 212's surface.

Since the carbon nanotubes 213 contribute to the diffusion rate of ions in the electrode 21, and improve the disadvantages of the conventional activated carbon fiber cloth, the plate 21 of the present invention has the advantage of high-speed charging and discharging through the combination of the carbon nanotubes 213 and the activated carbon fiber cloth 212. Meanwhile, the carbon nanotubes 213 can effectively eliminate the contact resistance between the plate 21 and the current collector, which enables the power density of the plate 21 to greatly increase, the maximum power density can even reach 10kW/kg, and the service life of charging and discharging is more than 20000 times.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 2 in conjunction with the content presented in fig. 6, the method for manufacturing the plate 21 is described as follows:

first, the activated carbon fiber cloth 212 is disposed on the surface of the substrate 211, wherein the activated carbon fiber cloth 212 preferably has a specific surface area of 1126m²The fiber average diameter is preferably 6 to 7 μm/g. Putting the substrate 211 into a magnetron sputtering cavity, and vacuumizing the magnetron sputtering cavity to a vacuum degree of 2 x 10^-5torr. Then, argon gas is used as working gas to be introduced into the magnetron sputtering cavity, and then the iron-silicon (Fe-Si) catalyst is sputtered after the pre-plating is carried out for a period of time.

The substrate 211 is placed in a cavity of a Microwave Plasma chemical vapor Deposition system (MPCVD), and then the cavity of the Microwave Plasma chemical vapor Deposition system is preferably evacuated to a vacuum of 10 degrees^-3After the torr, the hydrogen plasma is introduced into the cavity of the microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition system, after a period of time, the hydrogen plasma is extracted, and then the mixed gas of methane and hydrogen is introduced, preferably the ratio of methane40/90sccm, and finally growing the carbon nanotube 213 on the surface of the activated carbon fiber sheet 212.

Example 3:

referring to fig. 3, the electrolyte of the self-healing high-voltage dry capacitor body is preferably a copolymer of polyacrylonitrile graft block polyether diamine, and the manufacturing method thereof is as follows: firstly, polyether diamine is placed in a container with nitrogen and water, then ammonium cerium nitrate and nitric acid aqueous solution are mixed and then added into the container, after the reaction is finished, acrylonitrile is added into the container, after standing for a period of time, the copolymer polymer of polyacrylonitrile grafted block polyether diamine is finally obtained, then the copolymer polymer of polyacrylonitrile grafted block polyether diamine is respectively washed for a plurality of times by polymer water and acetone, then the mixture is placed in a ventilated place for drying, and then the mixture is placed in dimethyl amide for final purification and precipitation after the drying is finished. Therefore, the copolymer of the polyacrylonitrile grafted block polyether diamine as the colloidal electrolyte has better energy storage performance, can improve the capacitance value of the whole capacitor, is rich in elasticity and can be curled randomly, and is more suitable for industrial production. In addition, it is worth mentioning that the molecular formula of the copolymer of polyacrylonitrile graft block polyether diamine is:

example 4:

please refer to fig. 2, the embodiment is: the surface of the shell 1 is provided with a plurality of conductive terminals 2 which are arranged in sequence at intervals, each conductive terminal 2 is electrically connected with the self-healing high-voltage dry capacitor body 2, the bottom end of each conductive terminal 2 penetrates through the top wall 11 of the shell 1 and the strip-shaped plate body 4 in sequence, and a distance is reserved between the strip-shaped plate body 4 and the top wall 11 of the shell 1.

Therefore, through the top wall 11 and the strip-shaped plate 4 which are spaced apart from each other, the conductive terminals 3 can be more stably disposed on the top surface of the housing 1, and are not easily damaged by external force.

Example 5:

referring to fig. 5, in order to ensure the safety of the present invention during the use of electricity, the present invention further makes each conductive terminal 3 electrically connected to a discharge resistor 5, and each discharge resistor 5 is disposed outside the top wall 11 of the housing 1.

Example 6:

referring to fig. 5, in order to ensure the safety of the power utilization of the present invention, the operation is stopped when the temperature rises to the default value to avoid accidents, and for this reason, the present invention may further be implemented as follows: be equipped with temperature controller 6 in the

casing

1, 3 electric connection of each conductive terminal the one section part in route of self-healing high pressure dry capacitor body 1 is equipped with circuit breaker 7 respectively, works as temperature controller 6 detects when the temperature of self-healing high pressure dry capacitor body 2 surpasses acquiescent temperature, then control circuit breaker 7 forms and opens circuit.

Example 7:

in order to avoid the over-high temperature of the present creation during use, the housing 1 is preferably made of metal material, and a plurality of heat dissipation fins are disposed on the outer side of the housing, so that the creation can keep a low temperature during use and is not easy to cause accidents.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A self-healing high voltage dry capacitor, comprising:

2. A self-healing high-voltage dry capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the method of fabricating the plates comprises: arranging the activated carbon fibers on the surface of the substrate, putting the substrate into a magnetron sputtering cavity, vacuumizing the magnetron sputtering cavity, introducing argon into the magnetron sputtering cavity, pre-plating for a period of time, and sputtering an iron-silicon (Fe-Si) catalyst; putting the substrate into a cavity of a Microwave plasma chemical Vapor Deposition system (MPCVD), firstly introducing hydrogen plasma into the cavity of the Microwave plasma chemical Vapor Deposition system for a period of time, then extracting the hydrogen plasma, then introducing a mixed gas of methane and hydrogen, and finally growing the carbon nanotubes on the surface of the activated carbon fiber cloth.

3. A self-healing high-voltage dry capacitor according to claim 2, wherein the electrolyte of the self-healing high-voltage dry capacitor body is a copolymer of polyacrylonitrile graft block polyether diamine, the copolymer of polyacrylonitrile graft block polyether diamine is prepared by placing polyether diamine in a container with nitrogen and water, mixing ammonium cerium nitrate with aqueous solution of nitric acid, adding the mixture into the container, adding acrylonitrile into the container to obtain the copolymer of polyacrylonitrile graft block polyether diamine, cleaning the copolymer of polyacrylonitrile graft block polyether diamine with high molecular water and acetone respectively, and then adding the cleaned copolymer into dimethyl amide for final purification and precipitation, wherein the molecular formula of the copolymer of polyacrylonitrile graft block polyether diamine is as follows:

4. a self-healing high-voltage dry capacitor according to claim 3, wherein the housing has a plurality of conductive terminals spaced apart from each other and arranged in sequence, and each conductive terminal is electrically connected to the self-healing high-voltage dry capacitor body, and the bottom end of each conductive terminal is sequentially inserted through the top wall of the housing and the strip plate, and the strip plate is spaced apart from the top wall of the housing.

5. A self-healing high-voltage dry capacitor according to claim 4, wherein each conductive terminal is electrically connected to a discharge resistor, and each discharge resistor is disposed outside the top wall of the housing.

6. A self-healing high-voltage dry capacitor according to claim 5, wherein a temperature controller is disposed in the housing, each conductive terminal is electrically connected to a circuit breaker disposed at a section of the path of the self-healing high-voltage dry capacitor body, and when the temperature controller detects that the temperature of the self-healing high-voltage dry capacitor body exceeds a default temperature, the circuit breaker is controlled to form a circuit break.

7. A self-healing high-voltage dry capacitor according to claim 6, wherein the housing is made of metal and has a plurality of heat dissipation fins on the outer side.